太原2017_2018学年第一学期高三年级年级阶段性测评期中
山西省太原市2017届高三上学期阶段性测评(期中)英语试题 Word版含解析
太原市2016—2017学年高三年级第一学期阶段性测试英语试卷第一部分听力理解（略）第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
答案写在答题卡上。
AThe human nose has given to the languages of the world many interesting expressions. Of course, this is not surprising. Without the nose, we could not breather or smell. It is part of the face that gives a person special character. Cyranode Bergerac said that a large nose showed a great man----brave, polite, manly and intellectual.Afamous women poet wished that she had two noses to smell a rose! Blaise Pascal, a French philosopher, made an interesting comment about the Cleopatra’s nose. If it had been shorter, he said, it would have changed the whole face of the world.Historically, man’s nose had had a principalrole in hi s imagination. Man has referred to the nose in many ways to express his emotions. Expressions concerning the noserefer to human weakness: anger, pride, jealousyand revenge.In English there are a number of phrases about the nose. For example, to hold up on e’s nose expresses a basic human feeling----pride. People can hold up their noses at people, things and places.The phrase, to be led around by the nose, shows man’s weakness. Aperson who is led around by the nose lets other people control him. On the other hand, a person who follows his nose lets his instinct guide him.For the human emotion of rejection, the phrase, to have one’s nose put out of joint, is very descriptive. The expression applies to persons who have been turned aside because of a competitor. Their pride is hurt and they feel rejected. This expression is not new. It was used by Erassmus in 1542.This is only a sample of expressions in English dealing withthe nose. There are a number of others. however, it should be as plain as the nose on the face that the nose is more than an organ for breathing and smelling!21. Which of the following is TRUE?A. A person who holds up his nose is easier to get angry.B. A person who is proud of himself is to hold up his nose.C. A person who is satisfied with himself always follows others.D. A person who hopes to have two noses is strong-minded.22. What does the underlined phrase “to be led around by the nose”mean?A. To be followed by somebody.B. To be controlled by somebody.C. To be under your nose.D. To pay through the nose.23. How does a person who has his nose put out of joint feel?A. Worried.B. Pleased.C. Proud and happy.D. Hurt and unaccepted.24. What do you know from the last sentence of this passage?A. It is hard to know that the nose is not only for smelling.B. The nose is really just an organ for breathing and smelling.C. It’s clear that a nose’s function is more than breathing and smelling.D. Itis not important that a nose has other functions except these two.B“Two yuan+ luck=5million yuan”. These eye-catching banners and posters blanket the nation. Our life has been filled with “lottery tickets”(彩票).Most people become extremely happy at the mere mention of lottery tickets. Why are they so eager to buy them? Do they consider the lottery a good way to contribute to society? Or do they just seize the chance for personal gain?A recent survey in major Chinese cities shows that more than 80 percent of lottery buyers take out their money with the purpose of “wining more money lack”and “Being a millionaire in a short time.”These words on an advertising leaflet may be the truly most attractive to lottery selling stations.Allowing themselves the pleasure of imagination of becoming an overnight millionaire, many lottery buyerscan’t keep a cool heart. If their “investment”on which they have strong hope ends up in smoke, which is usually the case, they are likely to experience low spirits or even give up all hopes.Sixteen years ago, the government of Fuzhou gave a notice forbidding all lotteries. The notice said that all lottery tickets sales in the city must be stopped to make sure a peaceful Spring Festival. Lotteries have caused a lot of criminal cases in the city. It was reported that a laid-off worker committed a robbery after using all his savings on lottery tickets and becoming penniless.In another case, a young man became mentally ill when his lottery tickets turned into waste paper.A comprehensive law is needed to fit the lottery industry. On the other hand, themedia must take more social duty to help people understand the reality of the lotteries. Instead of describing how a single lottery ticket changes a poor person into an overnight millonaire, advertisements should fit this goal clearly so that when people take out money they should realize that they are making a contribution to the poor.Lottery have entered into common Chinese people’s lives for years. They have brought about a lot of changes to society worthy of praise.We hope that in the future, lotteries can contribute even more to the development of our national economy which will light up everybody’s life.25.Why did the government of Fuzhou forbid lottery tickets on special holidays?A. Lotteries had many ill effects on children.B. People spent too much money on it.C. Lotteries caused a lot of serious deaths.D. People needa happy and peaceful holiday.26.What should the media help people to do according to the author?A. To understand the reality of the lotteries.B. To look into the situation of lotteries tickets.C. To find out how they make a lot of money.D. To believe that they will become millionaires.27.What can we know from the passage?A. There is no law fitting lotteries in China today.B. Lotteries meet with the development of modern society.C. Lotteries have many changes to society since they were born.D. It is the best way for the workers to live by buying lottery tickets.28.What is the purpose of the author writing the passage?A. To make us know the use of lottery tickets.B. To tell us totreat lottery tickets in a correct way.C. To introduce the advantages of lottery tickets to us.D. To tell us the importance of lottery tickets in our daily life.CIn your rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or dec ide it’s still OK to eat? If you’re like most people, you eat it. Maybe you follow the “5-second rule”, which claims foods are safe to eat if you pick themup within 5 seconds of dropping them. But you might want to think again. Scientists now say that 5 seconds are all it takes for foods to become polluted with enough bacteria to make you sick.Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If we eat foods on which these bacteria are growing, we can become sick. One of these food-born bacteria is Salmonella. It makes 1.4 million people sick every year. Earlier this year, 370 people became sick after eating peanut butter that had been polluted with Salmonella at the manufacturing factory.Salmonella are often found in raw eggs and chicken. Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods carefully.Being a good housekeeper is another good way to prevent infection. Even if household surfaces are washed thoroughly, they can support Salmonella for weeks. A team of scientists at Clemson University in South Carolina have tested the 5-second rule, using sandwich ingredients. First, they placed a known amount of Salmonella cells on three surfaces: wood, tile, and carpet. They then placed a slice of bread and a slice of bologna(大红肠) on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 seconds. After just 5 seconds, both the bread and bologna picked up enough bacteria to make you sick.So forget the 5-second rule. If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh slice of bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop it!29. Which of the following statements can best describethe original meaning of“5-second rule”?A. If the food is on the floor for less than 5 seconds, it’s f resh.B. If the food is on the floor for more than 5 seconds, it’s safe.C. It you finish eating the food on the floor within 5 seconds, it’s dangerous for you.D. If you pick up the food that you drop on the floor within 5 seconds, it’s safe to eat.30. What can cause many diseases according to the passage?A. BacteriaB. Bread.C. Bad habits.D. Raw eggs.31. Why did the scientists at Clemson University carryout the test?A. To find out whether the food is safe to eat.B. To find out how long the food can be kept.C. To find out whether the 5-second rule is true.D. To find out how long the bacteria can live.32. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. Don’t eat the chicken on the floor because it’s dirty.B. Don’t eat food that you have dropped on t he floor.C. If you are eating the food, you never drop it on the floor.D. If you eat the food dropped on the floor in seconds, it’s OK.DOne family, which moved from Japan and settled at the turn of the century near San Francisco, had built a business in which they grew roses and trucked them into San Francisco three mornings a week.The other family also marketed roses. For almost four decades the two families were neighbors, and the sons took over the farms, but then on December 7, 1941, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. Although the rest of the family members were American, the father of the Japanese family had never been naturalized. As they planned to leave the country, hisneighbor made it clear that, if necessary, he would look after his friend’s nurser y(花圃). It was something each family had learned in church-Love the neighbor as themselves. “You would do the same for us,”he told his Japanese friend.It was not long before the Japanese family was transported to a poor landscape in Canada. A full year went by. Then two. Then three. While the Japanese neighbors were in Canada, their friends worked in the greenhouses. Sometimes the father’s work could stretch to 16 and 17 hours. And then one day, when the war in Europe had ended, the Japanese family packed up and boarded a train. They were going home.What would they find? The family was met at the train station by their neighbors, and when they got to their home, the whole Japanese family were shocked. There was the nursery, complete, clean and shining in the sunlight, neat, prosperous and healthy. And the house was just as clean and welcoming as the nursery. And there on the dining room ground was one perfect red (玫瑰花蕾),just waiting to unfold-the gift of one neighbor to another.33. What does “the gift”in th e last paragraph refer to besides t rosebud?①a neat and clean house ②the prosperous nursery③the dependable neighbors ④the beautiful rose parkA. ①and ②B. ③and ④C. ①,②and ③D. ②, ③and ④34. What’s the topic of the passage?A. FriendshipB. HardworkC. HappinessD. Honesty35. Why did the neighborschoose “unfolding rosebud”to welcome the return of the Japanese?A. Becauseit’s a decorative issue.B. Because the roses are beautiful.C. Becausethey grew roses themselves.D. Beca use it’s a wishfor a good future.第二节（共五小题，每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，答案写在答题卡上Zoey admits it was a little sad saying goodbye to her fish. _______Zoey’s class at Hawthorne Elementary School spent most of the school year raising the fish from time they were nothing more than little eggs with eyes.The program the Hawthorne kids took part in is called” Trout in the classroom”.______ The kids at Wilson Middle School in Fishersville took part in the project, too.“I got to feed them every morning and watch them grow up,” said seventh-grader LaurenClayton. We have to protect them, or some of the fish could go extinct.” Lauren was right.____But later, pollution, overfishing and loss of natural habitat have pushed some species to the danger of extinction.Thanks to the kids in the program, trout are being reintroduced into rivers and streams across the country. And by doing that, the kids are helping to restore there local ecosystems-----the natural balance that existed before human disturbed it,_______Because the fish are in their classrooms, the kids are responsible for making sure there is cool, clean water, proper food and proper living conditions in the tanks.By the middle of May, they were “as big as a finger.” That is, they are old enoug h to be released into Oneida Creek.” Remember to swim back here to meet us and eat the food we bring little trout”._______A The kids can learn some scientific lessons at school.B Make sure when a warm lands on the surface, never bite.C Finally, Zoey read them goodbye letters before letting them go.D They can also see how our actions affect the trout’s ability to survive.E But she honestly thinks it’s good that they are going to a natural home.F It’s a national project supported by a conservation group called Trout Unlimited.G When America was first founded, river and streams across the continent were filled with fish.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
太原市2017—2018学年高三年级第一学期阶段性测试 英语试卷
太原市2017—2018学年高三年级第一学期阶段性测试英语试卷第二部分阅读理解ANotice: Medical Alert(警报)Dear Readers,Medical related emergencies are on the rise with more old people living alone. More seniors are looking for an independent lifestyle and better quality of life. More than 1 in 3 people over the age of 64 will fall this year. Nearly half will not be able to get up without support.Medical fees can increase when a person is not given timely support. You can prevent a medical disaster with our 24-hour emergency response system. Our solution is highly suggested by doctors, healthcare professionals and hospitals.We are offering a FREE Medical Alert System to seniors or their loved ones who call now. For a limited time there will be no set-up fees and the medical monitoring starts at less than $1 a day. The system is easy to use. The necklace pendant(挂坠) can travel with you. Our new system can detect falls automatically.Call Toll-Free 1-800-360-0405 and gain peace of mind. There’s no long-term contract. Our medical alert professionals can walk you through everything over the phone.The first 100 callers to order will receive:*Free Medical Alert System ($ 300 value)*24 Hours a Day / 7 Days a Week LIVE Monitoring and Support.*Free Necklace Pendant*No Long-term Contract*Free Shipping (Mention Reader’s Digest)Don’t wait until after a fall to give us a call. Take advantage of this special offer now to protect yourself or a loved one.Call now Toll-Free 1-800-231-0167 and mention Reader’s Digest.21. Why are there an increasing number of medical related emergencies?A. Old people’s quality of life is down at present.B. The old are not paying attention to their health.C. The overall health of the old is worse than before.D. Many old people have no one to keep them company.22. What’s the main advantage of the system mentioned in the text?A. Preventing falls.B. Serving as an alarm.C. Replacing doctors.D. Improving health and mind.23.What benefit can the first 100 callers to order get?A. Buy the system at $300.B. Get a copy of Reader’s Digest.C. Have a pendant at a discount.D. Get all-day monitoring and help.BThe wedding tradition of “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue” has been around for hundreds of years. The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple. Have you ever stoppedto think what the saying really means? What is its origin and what does each item represent?The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states, “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.”Something old A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life. Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old items. Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother. In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed.Something new Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the bride’s new life and in her marriage. If the bride purchases her wedding dress new, it may represent her news items, but any item that is new may be used. Something “new” is usually the easiest kind to fill.Something borrowed The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married. It is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to our marriage. Some brides borrow an item of clothing, a piece of jewelry, a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(带珠子的) purse.Something blue Wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity ,fidelity and love.Silver sixpence Placing a silver sixpence in the bride’s left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth. This not only refers to financial wealth, but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life. Since most brides probably don’t even know what a sixpence is, this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times. However, if a bride would like to include it in her wedding, she can purchase a silver sixpence from many companies that sell bridal supplies such as garters(袜带) and invitations.24. Why does the first paragraph end with two questions?A. To invite readers to answer them at once.B. To show the importance of this tradition.C. To have readers’ interest and attention.D. To test readers knowledge about wedding.25. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Something old might also be something borrowed actually.B. The part of the tradition “silver sixpence” is never used now.C. The borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friend.D. Something new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill.26. What can we infer from the passage?A. No brides now are not familiar with the silver sixpence.B. Every item represents something good for the new couple.C. The bride will be more beautiful with all these five items.D. Of the five items, something blue is the most important one.27. Which word can replace the underlined word “fidelity” in the sixth paragraph?A. SuccessB. WealthC. LoyaltyD. OpportunityCSometimes people call each other “scared-cat”. But have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense and thereare changes in the chemicals in its bloodst ream. Although the cat doesn’t realize this, its body is getting ready for action. If the danger continues, the animal will do one of two things. It will protect itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.Something like this also happens to people. When we are excited, angry or scared by other feeling, our bodies go through many physical changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves or run.Human beings, however, have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told somebody you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then wished later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn't always clever to express your feelings freely.Does this mean that it's smarter always to hide our feelings? No! If you keep feelings of anger, sadness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays tense. Physical illnesses can develop, and you can feel disturbed badly inside. It can actually be bad for your health. It isn’t good to keep pleasant feelings inside either; all feelings need to be expressed.Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside don't just go away. It's as if you bought some bananas and put them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but before long you'd smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, chances are you'd see little fruit flies flying all over them. They are bad.You can try to treat feelings as if they were bananas in the cupboard. You can hide them and you can pretend they don’t exist, but they’ll still be around. And at last you’ll hav e to deal with them, just like those bananas.28. When people and animals are aroused by anger or fear, __________.A. they feel very regretful immediatelyB. their muscles get neither tense nor relaxedC. their hearts beat either faster or slowerD. they may get ready to attack or run away29. Why do human beings get into trouble according to the passage?A. They are usually not as alert as animal.B. They sometimes can’t control their feelings.C. They always do something wrong to other people.D. They don’t pay attention to their physical changes.30. What can we infer from the passage?A. Holding in your feelings may lead to unpleasant results.B. Bananas stay fresh longer when they are in a cupboard.C. Feelings will gradually disappear when you hold them in.D. It’s good for your health to keep pleasant feelings inside.31. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To tell us that people’s feelings are like bananas in a cupboard.B. To give us some advice on how to express our feelings.C. To help us deal with feelings in a wise and proper way.D. To prove that it isn’t always wise to express our feelings freely.DDiamonds are considered as the most famous and valuable jewel in the world. The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth. Diamonds were made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure. When a volcano is active, it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.However, at the same time of such a disaster, diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago. Thus, it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcano eruption. Besides, diamonds are also found among the sand and stones of certain river beds, and in a few places on the floor of the sea, for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain.Diamonds are very rare. There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world. During the last century adventurers form Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the River Amazon. Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests. But some returned home rich.The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The most recent and exciting discoveries have been made in eastern Russia. But most of the world’s diamonds now come from Congo, from Tanzania------which has the largest diamond mine in the world and also from South Africa.32. What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?A. Diamonds are always accompanied by volcano eruptions.B. Diamonds are created by volcano eruptions.C. Diamonds are considered as a sign of wealth.D. Diamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks.33. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?A. CongoB. South AfricaC. IndiaD. Western Europe34. What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Diamond mining can be dangerous for the miners.B. Brazil plays a more important role in diamond mining.C. River Amazon has no large diamond mines nowadays.D. Many miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining.35. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?A. Eastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time.B. The diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasn’t discovered until recently.C. Eastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond mining.D. The eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining.第二节When high temperatures are around the country, some things also go up. Here are four things expected to rise along with our desire to stay indoors and beat the heat.①Sales of goods that keep you coolMalls are high on the list of places where people often go for free air conditioning outside home in summer. 36 Goods related to keeping cool, like air conditions, fans or sun careitems, are very popular.②37Pests like stink bugs(椿象) grow fast during summer heat waves, and many agriculture experts are expecting a repeat of last year’s outbreak that harmed fruit and crops, particularly on the East Coast.③Energy bills38 With all those conditioners and fans working, it makes sense that energy bills will be higher than average. 39 “Not only are people going to have extremely high energy bills for July, it will also put increased stress on power plants, and we’re going to see more air pollution because of it,” says Angela Fritz.④ViolenceHeat waves may cause violence, right?Not necessarily, says Richard Larrick, a researcher. He took a unique look at the relationship between violence and heat through baseball. Larrick and his research team examined 57, 294 Major League Baseball games taking place between 1962 and 2017 and found that while heat may increase violence, there always has to be a motive. “40Instead, heat affects a specific form of violence,” he said.A. Air pollutionB. Pest populationC. Rising heat is the expected response in any summer.D. Heat does not directly lead to more violence in general.E. More and more people are worried about their expenses.F. As more energy is used, air-quality problems may occur.G. So it’s not a surprise that some sales jump during heat waves.第三部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空One day when I was 13, my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked (冒火星）and 41.______ a fire. We didn't see the fire 42.______ it had blocked the way to the only gate. I 43.______ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us, I could only watch in 44.______ as the flames continued to rise. Little did I know that my father had once been a(an) 45.______ and knew what to do.46.______ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots, he 47.______ down to the nearby pond, filled the buckets and the sprayer, and began spraying the 48.______ while my older brother threw water with the buckets. Soon the wind 49.______, however, and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time, my father began to stomp（踩灭）out the flames as he moved to the 50.______, so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate. 51.______ he arrived at the gate, he jumped into the truck, rolled up the windows, and drove 52.______ the fire. Then the fire was put out, and my mother was looking at my father with her 53. ______ eyes.After that, my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter, and my brother and I became 54.______, asking him what other jobs he had done before he 55.______. Well, it turned out that he had done just about 56.______ except brain surgery!He had been in the military as a carpenter, carpet layer, and electrician, and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had 57.______ him to retire. My father has a blood disorder as a result of that 58.______, but that hasn't stopped him from being a full-time electrician.To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, he 59.______ of them, and remember that someday their 60.______ might save your life.41. A. prevented B. permitted C. witnessed D. started42. A .because B. unless C. after D. until43. A. wanted B. managed C. promised D. happened44. A. anger B. horror C. excitement D. embarrassment45. A. carpenter B. electrician C. firefighter D. educator46. A. Armed B. Satisfied C. Shared D. Identified47. A. slid B. fell C. dashed D. Walked48. A. trees B. grass C. flames D. flowers49. A. died off B. took on C. turned out D. picked up50. A. fence B. truck C. furniture D. bucket51. A. If B. Once C. Since D. While52. A. through B. away C. over D. across53. A. high B. wide C. fast D. far54. A. curious B. suspicious C. concerned D. anxious55. A. moved B. resigned C. retired D. suffered56. A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything57. A. allowed B. encouraged C. invited D. forced58. A. fire B. accident C. attempt D. explanation59. A. afraid B. proud C. careful D. ashamed60. A. culture B. learning C. skills D. languages第二节Many of us wake up feeling61 (tire) in the morning. Many of us ignore the problem as the day goes on,62 (forget) that it might have a63 (danger) effect. Society even glorifies "burning the candle at both ends" as 64 sign of our devotion to work and family.Believe it 65 not, all this bad sleep has far-reaching consequences. We just do not give ourselves enough chances to sleep. A survey of over 74,000 people found 35 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours daily66 average. Furthermore, the amount of sleep67 (change)greatly over the past 15 years.This lack of sleep can lead to many serious68 (problem).One study found that 69________(simple) limiting yourself to six hours of sleep a night for two weeks had similar effects to staying up all night the night before,70 could make you perform poorly on a timed attention task.第四部分写作第一节短文改错Chinese is the world’s most wildly spoken language. There are much different types of Chinese. For example, one type known as Mandarin, had almost a billion speakers. Outside of China, Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide. The different kinds of Chinese language use a same script. While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translating. In the early twenty century, a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese, that is now the official language第二节书面表达(满分25分)为增进中美学生友谊并加深对彼此文化的理解，你校将与美国高中举办中美学生交流活动，现面向全校学生招募活动志愿者。
山西省太原市2017-2018学年高三上学期阶段性测评(期中)历史试题 Word版含答案
2017-2018学年第一学期高三年级阶段性测评历史试卷说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
第I卷(选择题共75分)一、选择题：本大题共30小题，每小题2.5分，共75分。
在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
请将正确答案的字母填在下方答题栏内。
1. 中国古代讲究“同姓不婚”，据下图判断A.晋燕两国可以通婚B.燕宋两国不能通婚C.晋鲁两国可以通婚D.燕齐两国可以通婚2. 皇位的嫡长子继承制度在中国古代是一种成熟的继承制度，但各种权贵势力如干政的宦官、外戚后妃集团常常出于各自的利益，干扰嫡长制的实行，出现了许多白痴皇帝或幼帝，造成了朝政混乱。
这反映了A.君主权力受到挑战B.皇权至上带来的后果C.中央集权遭到削弱D.嫡长制影响社会稳定3. 刺史是汉武帝时设置的监察地方的官员，西汉后半期其权能有所扩大，到东汉后演变为地方最高行政长官。
这说明A.中央集权促成地方行政制度变迁B.中央对地方的监察力度越来越弱C.监察官位卑权重的特征得以改变D.汉代地方行政制度为后世所沿用4. 魏晋时期，九品中正制在实施过程中出现了由世家大族垄断用人和掌权的状况，隋唐确立了科举制之后，基本纠正了这一状况。
这一变化说明科举制A.是公正公开的人才选拔制度B.适应了加强中央集权的需要C.完善了朝廷选拔官吏的机制D.导致了世家大族势力的衰落5. “省”这一名称起源甚早，最初是官署名，如中书省、尚书省等，设在宫禁之中。
元朝时，在全国重要地带设立行中书省，作为中央行政机关中书省在外地的代理机构，亦简称为省。
据此推断，行省的设置A.适应了加强皇权的需要B.体现了国家权力中心的变化C.加强了中央对地方的控制D.破解了“藩镇割据”难题6. 《礼记•王制》记载：农户帮助耕种公田，私田就不再纳税；公家分配的农田和宅地不准出卖。
对这一记载所涉及的土地制度评述正确的是A.是国家抑制土地兼并的手段B.铁犁牛耕成为主要耕作方式C.这种制度具有公私二重性质D. 土地商品化的趋势非常严重7. 公元前651年，齐桓公主持葵丘会盟，盟约规定各诸侯国要“无忘宾旅”、“无遏汆”，即要保客商、不阻碍粮食流通。
山西省高三英语上学期期中考试卷
山西省太原市2018届高三上学期阶段性（期中）考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，答案写在答题卡上。
ANotice: Medical Alert(警报)Dear Readers,Medical related emergencies are on the rise with more old people living alone. More seniors are looking for an independent lifestyle and better quality of life. More than 1 in 3 people over the age of 64 will fall this year. Nearly half will not be able to get up without support.Medical fees can escalate when a person is not given timely support. You can prevent a medical disaster with our 24-hour emergency response system. Our solution is highly suggested by doctors, healthcare professionals, and hospitals.We are offering a FREE Medical Alert System to seniors or their loved ones who call now. For a limited time, there will be no set-up fees and the medical monitoring starts at less than $1 a day. The system is easy to use. The necklace pendant(挂坠) can travel with you. Our new system can detect falls automatically.Call Toll-Free 1-800-360-0405 and gain peace of mind. There’s no long-term contract. Our medical alert professionals can walk you through everything over the phone.The first 100 callers to order will receive:●Free Medical Alert System ($300 value).●24 Hours a Day / 7 Days a Week LIVE Monitoring and Support.●Free Necklace Pendant.●No long-term Contract.●Free shipping (Mention Reader’s Digest).Don’t wait until after a fall to give us a call. Take advantage of this special offer now to protect yourself or a loved one.Call now Toll-Free 1-800-231-0167 and mention Reader’s Digest.Sincerely,Jim Nelson21. Why are there an increasing number of medical related emergencies?A. Old people’s quality of life is down at presentB. The old are not paying attention to their healthC. The overall health of the old is worse than beforeD. Many old people have no one to keep them company22. What’s the main advantage of the system mentioned in the text?A. Preventing fallsB. Serving as an alarmC. Replacing doctorsD. Improving health and mind23. What benefit can the first 100 callers to order get?A. Buy the system at $300B. Get a copy of Reader’s DigestC. Have a pendant at a discountD. Get all-day monitoring and leftBThe wedding tradition of “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue” has been around for hundreds of years. The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple. Have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means? What is its origin and what does each item represent?The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states, “something old, something new, something borrowed, something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.”Something old A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life. Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old item. Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by their mother or grandmother. In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed.Something new Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the bride’s new life and in her marriage. If the bride purchased her wedding dress new, it may represent her new item, but any item that is new may be used. Something “new” is usually the easiest kind to fill.Something borrowed The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married. It is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to your marriage. Some brides borrow an item of clothing, a piece of jewelry, a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(带珠子的) purse.Something blue Wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity, fidelity and love.Silver sixpence Placing a silver sixpence in the bride’s left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth. This not only refers to financial wealth, but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life. Since most brides probably don’t even know what a sixpence is, this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times. However, if a bride would like to include it in her wedding, she can purchase a silver sixpence from many companies that sell bridal supplies such as garters(袜带) and invitations.24.Why does the first paragraph and with two questions?A. To invite readers to answer them at onceB. To show the importance of this traditionC. To have readers’ interest and attentionD. To test readers’ knowledge about wedding25.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Something old might also be something borrowed actuallyB. The part of the tradition “silver sixpence” is never used nowC. The borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friendD. Something new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill26.What can we infer from the passage?A. No brides now are not familiar with the silver sixpenceB. Every item represents something good for the new coupleC. The bride will be more beautiful with all these five itemsD. Of the five items, something blue is the most important one27.Which word can replace the underlined word “fidelity” in the sixth paragraph?A. SuccessB. WealthC. LoyaltyD. OpportunityCSometimes people call each other “scared-cat”. But have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood stream. Although the cat doesn't realize this, its body is getting ready for action. If the danger continues, the animal will do one of two things .It will protect itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.Something like this also happens to people. When we are excited, angry or seared by other feelings, our bodies go through many physical changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves or run.Human beings, however, have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then wished later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn't always clever to express your feelings freely.Does this mean that it's smarter always to hide our feelings? No! If you keep feelings of anger, sadness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays tense. Physical illnesses can develop, and you can feel disturbed badly inside. It can actually be bad for your health. It isn’t good to keep pleasant feelings inside either; all feelings need to be expressed.Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside, don't just go away. It's as if you bought some bananas and put them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but before you'd smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, chances are that you’d see little fruit flies flying all overthem. They are bad.You can try to treat feelings as if they were bananas in the cupboard. You can hide them and you can pretend they don't exist, but they'll still be around. And at last you'll have to deal with them, just like those bananas.28.When people and animals are aroused by anger or fear, .A. they feel very regretful immediatelyB. their muscles get neither tense nor relaxedC. their hearts beat either faster or slowerD. they may get ready to attack or run away29.Why do human beings get into trouble according to the passage?A. They are usually not as alert as animalsB. They sometimes can’t control their feelingsC. They always do something wrong to other peopleD. They don’t pay attention to their physical changes30.What can we infer from the passage?A. Holding in your feelings may lead to unpleasant resultsB. Bananas stay fresh longer when they are in a cupboardC. Feelings will gradually disappear when you hold them inD. It’s good for your health to keep pleasant feelings inside31.What is the purpose of this passage?A. To tell us that people’s feelings are like bananas in a cupboardB. To give us some advice on how to express our feelingsC. To help us deal with feelings in a wise and proper wayD. To prove that it isn’t always wise to express our feelings freelyDDiamonds are considered the most famous and valuable jewel in the world. The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth. Diamonds were made as a result of great volcanic beat and pressure. When a volcano is active, it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.However, at the same time of such a disaster, diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago. Thus, it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcanic eruption. Besides, diamonds are also found among the sand and stones of certain river beds, and in a few places on the floor of the sea, for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain.Diamonds are very rare. There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world. During the last century adventurers from Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the River Amazon. Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests. But some returned home rich.The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The most recent and exciting discoveries have been made in eastern Russia. But most of the world's diamonds now come from the Congo, from Tanzania-which has the largest diamond mine in the world and also from South Africa.32.What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?A. Diamonds are always accompanied by volcano eruptionsB. Diamonds are created by volcano eruptionsC. Diamonds are considered as a sign of wealthD. Diamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks33.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?A. CongoB. South AfricaC. IndiaD. Western Europe34.What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Diamond mining can be dangerous for the minersB. Brazil plays a more important role in diamond miningC. River Amazon has no large diamond mines nowadaysD. Many miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining35.What does the underlined sentence mean in the lost paragraph?A. Eastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long timeB. The diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasn’t discovered until recentlyC. Eastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond miningD. The eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
山西省太原市山大附中2017-2018学年高三上学期期中数学试卷(文科) Word版含解析
山西省太原市山大附中2017-2018学年高三上学期期中数学试卷（文科）一、选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的）．1．若U={1，2，3，4，5}，A={1，2，3}，B={2，4}，则A∩∁U B( )A．{2，4} B．{1，3} C．{1，2，3，4} D．{1，2，3，4，5}考点：交、并、补集的混合运算．专题：集合．分析：根据集合的基本运算即可．解答：解：∵B={2，4}，∴∁U B={1，3，5}，则A∩∁U B={1，3}，故选：B点评：本题主要考查集合的基本运算，比较基础．2．已知p：对任意的x∈R，有lnx＞1，则¬p是( )A．存在x0∈R，有lnx0＜1 B．对任意的x∈R，有lnx＜1C．存在x0∈R，有lnx0≤1 D．对任意的x∈R，有lnx≤1考点：的否定．分析：根据题意分析可得，这是一个全称，其否定为特称，分析选项可得答案．解答：解：根据题意，p：对任意的x∈R，有lnx＞1，这是全称，其否定为特称，即存在x0∈R，有lnx0≤1，故选C．点评：本题考查的否定，是基本概念的题型，难度不大．3．若公比为2且各项均为正数的等比数列{a n}中，a4•a12=64，则a7的值等于( ) A．2 B．4 C．8 D．16考点：等比数列的性质．专题：等差数列与等比数列．分析：由等比数列的性质可得=a4•a12=64，从而求得a8的值，再根据公比等于2求得a7的值．解答：解：公比为2且各项均为正数的等比数列{a n}中，a4•a12=64，则由等比数列的性质可得=a4•a12=64，∴a8=8．再由=q=2，可得a7=4，故选B．点评：本题主要考查等比数列的性质的应用，属于中档题．4．设x∈R，则“x=1”是“复数z=（x2﹣1）+（x+1）i为纯虚数”的( )A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充分必要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件考点：必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断．专题：常规题型．分析：由于复数z=（x2﹣1）+（x+1）i为纯虚数，则其实部为0，虚部不为0，故可得到x 的值，再与“x=1”比较范围大小即可．解答：解：由于复数z=（x2﹣1）+（x+1）i为纯虚数，则，解得x=1，故“x=1”是“复数z=（x2﹣1）+（x+1）i为纯虚数”的充要条件．故答案为C．点评：本题考查的判断充要条件的方法，我们可以先判断p与q所表示的范围，再根据“谁大谁必要，谁小谁充分”的原则，判断p与q的关系．5．已知角θ的终边过点P（﹣4k，3k）（k＜0），则2sinθ+cosθ的值是( ) A．B．﹣C．或﹣D．随着k的取值不同其值不同考点：终边相同的角；任意角的三角函数的定义．专题：计算题．分析：根据角的终边所过的一个点，写出这点到原点的距离，注意字母的符号，根据三角函数的定义，写出角的正弦和余弦值，代入要求的算式得到结果即可．解答：解：∵角θ的终边过点P（﹣4k，3k），（k＜0），∴r==5|k|=﹣5k，∴sinθ==﹣，cosθ==，∴2sinθ+cosθ=2（﹣）+=﹣故选B．点评：本题是一个对于任意角的三角函数的定义的考查，解题时若没有字母系数的符合，我们就得讨论两种情况，在两种情况下，分别做出角的三角函数值，再进行运算．6．已知直线m、n及平面α、β，则下列正确的是( )A．B．C．D．考点：平面与平面之间的位置关系．专题：计算题．分析：A：由条件可得：α∥β或者α与β相交．B：根据空间中直线与平面的位置关系可得：n∥α或者n⊂α．C：由特征条件可得：m∥β或者m⊂β．D：根据空间中直线与直线的位置关系可得：m⊥n．解答：解：A：若m∥α，n∥β，则α∥β或者α与β相交，所以A错误．B：若m∥α，m∥n，则根据空间中直线与平面的位置关系可得：n∥α或者n⊂α，所以B错误．C：若m⊥α，α⊥β，则有m∥β或者m⊂β，所以C错误．D：若m⊥α，n∥α，则根据空间中直线与直线的位置关系可得：m⊥n，所以D正确．故选D．点评：解决此类问题的关键是熟练掌握空间中直线与平面、直线与直线的位置关系，以及熟练掌握有关的判定定理与性质定理，此题考查学生的逻辑推理能力属于基础题，一般出现再选择题好像填空题中．7．曲线y=x2上的点P处的切线的倾斜角为，则点P的坐标为( )A．（0，0）B．（2，4）C．（，）D．（，）考点：利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程．专题：导数的综合应用．分析：求出原函数的导函数，得到函数在P点处的导数，由导数值等于1求得P的横坐标，则答案可求．解答：解：∵y=x2，∴y′=2x，设P（x0，y0），则，又曲线y=x2上的点P处的切线的倾斜角为，∴2x0=1，．∴．∴点P的坐标为（，）．故选：D．点评：本题考查了利用导数研究过曲线上的某点的切线方程，过曲线上的某点的切线的斜率，就是函数在该点处的导数值，是基础题．8．“a=2”是“函数f（x）=x2+ax+1在区间[﹣1，+∞）上为增函数”的( )A．充分不必要条件B．必要不充分条件C．充要条件D．既不充分也不必要条件考点：必要条件、充分条件与充要条件的判断；二次函数的性质．专题：计算题．分析：函数f（x）=x2+ax+1在区间[﹣1，+∞）上为增函数，结合二次函数的图象求出a的范围，再利用集合的包含关系判断充要条件即可．解答：解：函数f（x）=x2+ax+1在区间[﹣1，+∞）上为增函数，∴抛物线的对称轴小于等于﹣1，∴﹣1，∴a≥2，“a=2”⇒“a≥2”，反之不成立．∴“a=2”是“函数f（x）=x2+ax+1在区间[﹣1，+∞）上为增函数”的充分不必要条件．故选A．点评：本题的考点是四种条件的判断、二次函数的性质，充要条件的判断，通常先看谁能推出谁，再作判断，属基本题．9．下列函数中周期是2的函数是( )A．y=2cos2πx﹣1 B．y=sin2πx+cosπxC．y=tan（x+）D．y=sinπxcosπx考点：三角函数的周期性及其求法．专题：计算题．分析：分别对4个选项进行化简，求出各自周期，然后与已知要求周期比较即可排除选项．解答：解：A：y=2cos2πx﹣1即：y=cos2πx，故周期为，∴排除A．B：y=sin2πx+cosπx，∵y=sin2πx周期为1，y=cosπx周期为2，故排除B．C：y=tan（x+），T=，C正确．D：y=sinπxcosπx，即y=，T=1．故排除D．故选：C．点评：本题考查三角函数的周期性及其求法，需要对三角函数的定义已知转化熟练掌握，属于基础题．10．椭圆ax2+by2=1与直线y=1﹣x交于A、B两点，过原点与线段AB中点的直线的斜率为，则的值为( )A．B．C．D．考点：椭圆的简单性质．专题：综合题．分析：联立椭圆方程与直线方程，得ax2+b（1﹣x）2=1，（a+b）x2﹣2bx+b﹣1=0，A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2），由韦达定理得AB中点坐标：（），AB中点与原点连线的斜率k===．解答：解：联立椭圆方程与直线方程，得ax2+b（1﹣x）2=1，（a+b）x2﹣2bx+b﹣1=0，A（x1，y1），B（x2，y2），，y1+y2=1﹣x1+1﹣x2=2﹣=，AB中点坐标：（），AB中点与原点连线的斜率k===．故选A．点评：本题考查直线和圆锥曲线的经综合运用，解题时要认真审题，仔细解答，注意合理地进行等价转化．11．数列{a n}满足a1=1，且对于任意的n∈N*都a n+1=a1+a n+n，则++…+=( ) A．B．C．D．考点：数列递推式．专题：点列、递归数列与数学归纳法．分析：对于任意的n∈N*都a n+1=a1+a n+n，可得a n+1﹣a n=n+1，利用“累加求和”可得a n=（a n ﹣a n﹣1）+（a n﹣1﹣a n﹣2）+…+（a2﹣a1）+a1=．于是=2．再利用“裂项求和”即可得出．解答：解：∵对于任意的n∈N*都a n+1=a1+a n+n，∴a n+1﹣a n=n+1，∴a n=（a n﹣a n﹣1）+（a n﹣1﹣a n﹣2）+…+（a2﹣a1）+a1=n+（n﹣1）+…+2+1=．∴==2．∴++…+=+…+=2=．故选：B．点评：本题考查了“累加求和”、“裂项求和”方法、等差数列的前n项和公式，考查了计算能力，属于中档题．12．已知函数若关于x的函数y=f2（x）﹣bf（x）+1有8个不同的零点，则实数b的取值范围是( )A．（2，+∞）B．[2，+∞）C．D．考点：根的存在性及根的个数判断．专题：函数的性质及应用．分析：方程f2（x）﹣bf（x）+1=0有8个不同实数解，即要求对应于f（x）等于某个常数k，有2个不同的k，再根据函数对应法则，每一个常数可以找到4个x与之对应，就出现了8个不同实数解故先根据题意作出f（x）的简图：由图可知，只有满足条件的k在开区间（0，4]时符合题意．再根据一元二次方程根的分布的理论可以得出答案．解答：解：∵函数，作出f（x）的简图，如图所示：由图象可得当f（x）在（0，4]上任意取一个值时，都有四个不同的x与f（x）的值对应．再结合题中函数y=f2（x）﹣bf（x）+1 有8个不同的零点，可得关于k的方程k2 ﹣bk+1=0有两个不同的实数根k1、k2，且0＜k1≤4，0＜k2≤4．∴应有，解得2＜b≤，故选：D．点评：本题考查了函数的图象与一元二次方程根的分布的知识，采用数形结合的方法解决，使本题变得易于理解．数形结合是数学解题中常用的思想方法，能够变抽象思维为形象思维，有助于把握数学问题的本质；另外，由于使用了数形结合的方法，很多问题便迎刃而解，且解法简捷，属于中档题．二、填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.把答案填写在答题纸相应位置上）．13．某单位共有老、中、青职工430人，其中青年职工160人，中年职工人数是老年职工人数的2倍．为了解职工身体状况，现采用分层抽样方法进行调查，在抽取的样本中有青年职工32人，则该样本中的老年职工人数为18．考点：分层抽样方法．专题：计算题．分析：由题意确定老年职工的人数，再由青年职工确定抽样比，因为分层抽样，各层抽取比例一样，故可计算出样本中的老年职工人数．解答：解：青年职工160人，在抽取的样本中有青年职工32人，故抽取比例为，老、中年职工共430﹣160=270人，又中年职工人数是老年职工人数的2倍，故老年职工有90人，所以该样本中的老年职工人数为90×=18故答案为：18点评：本题考查分层抽样知识，属基础知识、基本题型的考查．14．设实数x，y满足，则的最大值为．考点：简单线性规划．专题：作图题．分析：由题意作出可行域，目标函数z=的代表可行域（阴影）内的点与原点连线的斜率，由图可知当直线过点A时，斜率最大，只需解方程组求解A的坐标即可得答案．解答：解：由题意作出所对应的可行域，（如图）目标函数z=的代表可行域（阴影）内的点与原点连线的斜率，由图可知当直线过点A时，斜率最大，而由解得，即点A的坐标为（2，9），所以直线OA的斜率为：=故则的最大值为，故答案为：点评：本题考查线性规划，准确作图，利用目标函数的几何意义是解决问题的关键，属中档题．15．已知f（x）=x3+3ax2+bx+a2在x=﹣1时有极值0，则a﹣b的值为﹣7．考点：函数在某点取得极值的条件．专题：计算题；导数的概念及应用．分析：求导函数，利用函数f（x）=x3+ax2+bx+a2在x=﹣1处有极值0，建立方程组，求得a，b的值，再验证，即可得到结论．解答：解：∵函数f（x）=x3+3ax2+bx+a2∴f'（x）=3x2+6ax+b，又∵函数f（x）=x3+ax2+bx+a2在x=﹣1处有极值0，∴，∴或当时，f'（x）=3x2+6ax+b=3（x+1）2=0，方程有两个相等的实数根，不满足题意；当时，f'（x）=3x2+6ax+b=3（x+1）（x+3）=0，方程有两个不等的实数根，满足题意；∴a﹣b=﹣7故答案为：﹣7．点评：本题考查导数知识的运用，考查函数的极值，考查学生的计算能力，属于基础题．16．已知如图是一个空间几何体的三视图，则该几何体的外接球的表面积为6π．考点：球的体积和表面积；由三视图求面积、体积；球内接多面体．专题：计算题．分析：由题意判断几何体的形状，几何体扩展为正方体，求出外接球的半径，即可求出外接球的表面积．解答：解：几何体为三棱锥，可以将其补形为一个棱长为的正方体，该正方体的外接球和几何体的外接球为同一个，故2R=，所以外接球的表面积为：4πR2=6π．故答案为：6π．点评：本题考查球的表面积的求法，几何体的三视图与直观图的应用，考查空间想象能力，计算能力．三、解答题（本大题共8小题，共70分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤）．17．公差不为零的等差数列{a n}中，a3=7，且a2，a4，a9成等比数列．（1）求数列{a n}的通项公式；（2）设a n=b n+1﹣b n，b1=1，求数列{b n}的通项公式．考点：等比数列的性质；等差数列的通项公式．专题：计算题；等差数列与等比数列．分析：（1）由等差数列{a n}中a2，a4，a9成等比数列，利用等比数列的性质列出关系式，再利用等差数列的通项公式化简，得出首项与公差的关系，根据a3的值，确定出首项与公差，即可得到等差数列的通项公式；（2）分别把n=1，2，…，n﹣1代入a n=b n+1﹣b n，等式左右两边分别相加，左边利用等差数列的求和公式化简，右边抵消合并后将b1的值代入，整理后即可得到数列{b n}的通项公式．解答：解：（1）∵等差数列{a n}中，a2，a4，a9成等比数列，∴a42=a2•a9，即（a1+3d）2=（a1+d）（a1+8d），整理得：6a1d+9d2=9a1d+8d2，即d2=3a1d，∵d≠0，∴d=3a1，又a3=a1+2d=7a1=7，∴a1=1，d=3，则数列{a n}的通项公式为a n=1+3（n﹣1）=3n﹣2；（2）∵b1=1，a n=3n﹣2，a n=b n+1﹣b n，∴a1=b2﹣b1，a2=b3﹣b2，…，a n﹣1=b n﹣b n﹣1，∴a1+a2+••+a n﹣1=b n﹣b1，即==b n﹣1，则b n=+1=．点评：此题考查了等比数列的性质，等差数列的通项公式，以及等差数列的求和公式，熟练掌握性质及公式是解本题的关键．18．已知集合A={x|x2+2x﹣3＜0}，．（1）在区间（﹣4，4）上任取一个实数x，求“x∈A∩B”的概率；（2）设（a，b）为有序实数对，其中a是从集合A中任取的一个整数，b是从集合B中任取的一个整数，求“b﹣a∈A∪B”的概率．考点：几何概型；交集及其运算；古典概型及其概率计算公式．专题：计算题．分析：（Ⅰ）由已知化简集合A和B，设事件“x∈A∩B”的概率为P1，这是一个几何概型，测度是长度，代入几何概型的计算公式即可；（2）因为a，b∈Z，且a∈A，b∈B，这是一个古典概型，设事件E为“b﹣a∈A∪B”，分别算出基本事件个数和事件E中包含的基本事件，最后根据概率公式即可求得事件E的概率．解答：解：（Ⅰ）由已知A=x|﹣3＜x＜1B=x|﹣2＜x＜3，设事件“x∈A∩B”的概率为P1，这是一个几何概型，则．（2）因为a，b∈Z，且a∈A，b∈B，所以，基本事件共12个：（﹣2，﹣1），（﹣2，0），（﹣2，1），（﹣2，2），（﹣1，﹣1），（﹣1，0），（﹣1，1），（﹣1，2），（0，﹣1），（0，0），（0，1），（0，2）．设事件E为“b﹣a∈A∪B”，则事件E中包含9个基本事件，事件E的概率．点评：本小题主要考查古典概型、几何概型等基础知识．古典概型与几何概型的主要区别在于：几何概型是另一类等可能概型，它与古典概型的区别在于试验的结果不是有限个，简单地说，如果每个事件发生的概率只与构成该事件区域的长度（面积或体积）成比例，则称这样的概率模型为几何概率模型，简称为几何概型．19．在如图所示的空间几何体中，平面ACD⊥平面ABC，△ACD与△ACB是边长为2的等边三角形，BE=2，BE和平面ABC所成的角为60°，且点E在平面ABC上的射影落在∠ABC 的平分线上．（Ⅰ）求证：DE∥平面ABC；（Ⅱ）求三棱锥B﹣ACE的体积．考点：棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积；直线与平面平行的判定．专题：空间位置关系与距离．分析：（1）取AC中点O，连接BO、DO，等边三角形△ACD中，DO⊥AC，结合面面垂直的性质，得D0⊥平面ABC．再过E作EF⊥平面ABC，可以证出四边形DEFO是平行四边形，得DE∥OF，结合线面平行的判定定理，证出DE∥平面ABC；（2）三棱锥E﹣ABC中，判断出EF是平面ABC上的高，最后用锥体体积公式，即可得到三棱锥E﹣ABC的体积．解答：解：（1）取AC中点O，连接BO、DO，∵△ABC，△ACD都是边长为2的等边三角形，∴BO⊥AC，DO⊥AC；∵平面ACD⊥平面ABC，平面ACD∩平面ABC=AC∴DO⊥平面ABC，过E作EF⊥平面ABC，那么EF∥DO，根据题意，点F落在BO上，易求得EF=DO=，所以四边形DEFO是平行四边形，得DE∥OF，∵DE⊄平面ABC，OF⊂平面ABC，∴DE∥平面ABC．（2）∵平面ACD⊥平面ABC，平面ACD∩平面ABC=AC，OD⊥AC，∴OD⊥平面ACB；又∵DO∥EF，∴EF⊥平面BAC，∴三棱锥E﹣ABC的体积V2=×S△ABC×EF=×4=．点评：本题给出两个三棱锥拼接成多面体，求证线面平行并且求它的分割的几何体的体积，着重考查了面面垂直的性质、线面平行的判定和锥体体积公式等知识，属于中档题20．椭圆的离心率为，长轴端点与短轴端点间的距离为．（Ⅰ）求椭圆C的方程；（Ⅱ）过点D（0，4）的直线l与椭圆C交于两点E，F，O为坐标原点，若△OEF为直角三角形，求直线l的斜率．考点：椭圆的应用．专题：计算题．分析：（Ⅰ）由已知，a2+b2=5，由此能够求出椭圆C的方程．（Ⅱ）根据题意，过点D（0，4）满足题意的直线斜率存在，设l：y=kx+4，联立，，再由根与系数的关系求解．解答：解：（Ⅰ）由已知，a2+b2=5，又a2=b2+c2，解得a2=4，b2=1，所以椭圆C的方程为；（Ⅱ）根据题意，过点D（0，4）满足题意的直线斜率存在，设l：y=kx+4，联立，，消去y得（1+4k2）x2+32kx+60=0，△=（32k）2﹣240（1+4k2）=64k2﹣240，令△＞0，解得．设E，F两点的坐标分别为（x1，y1），（x2，y2），（ⅰ）当∠EOF为直角时，则，因为∠EOF为直角，所以，即x1x2+y1y2=0，所以（1+k2）x1x2+4k（x1+x2）+16=0，所以，解得．（ⅱ）当∠OEF或∠OFE为直角时，不妨设∠OEF为直角，此时，k OE•k=﹣1，所以，即x12=4y1﹣y12①，又；②，将①代入②，消去x1得3y12+4y1﹣4=0，解得或y1=﹣2（舍去），将代入①，得，所以，经检验，所求k值均符合题意，综上，k的值为和．点评：本题是椭圆问题的综合题，解题时要认真审题，仔细解答．21．已知a∈R，函数f（x）=2x3﹣3（a+1）x2+6ax（Ⅰ）若a=1，求曲线y=f（x）在点（2，f（2））处的切线方程；（Ⅱ）若|a|＞1，求f（x）在闭区间[0，|2a|]上的最小值．考点：利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程；利用导数求闭区间上函数的最值．专题：导数的综合应用．分析：（Ⅰ）求导函数，确定切线的斜率，求出切点的坐标，即可求曲线y=f（x）在点（2，f（2））处的切线方程；（Ⅱ）分类讨论，利用导数确定函数的单调性，从而可得极值，即可得到最值．解答：解：（Ⅰ）当a=1时，f′（x）=6x2﹣12x+6，所以f′（2）=6∵f（2）=4，∴曲线y=f（x）在点（2，f（2））处的切线方程为y=6x﹣8；（Ⅱ）记g（a）为f（x）在闭区间[0，|2a|]上的最小值．f′（x）=6x2﹣6（a+1）x+6a=6（x﹣1）（x﹣a）令f′（x）=0，得到x1=1，x2=a当a＞1时，x 0 （0，1） 1 （1，a） a （a，2a）2af′（x）+ 0 ﹣0 +f（x）0 单调递增极大值3a﹣1 单调递减极小值a2（3﹣a）单调递增4a3比较f（0）=0和f（a）=a2（3﹣a）的大小可得g（a）=；当a＜﹣1时，X 0 （0，1） 1 （1，﹣2a）﹣2af′x）﹣0 +f（x）0 单调递减极小值3a﹣1 单调递增﹣28a3﹣24a2∴g（a）=3a﹣1∴f（x）在闭区间[0，|2a|]上的最小值为g（a）=．点评：本题考查导数知识的运用，考查导数的几何意义，考查函数的最值，考查学生的计算能力，考查分类讨论的数学思想，属于中档题．22．选修4﹣1：几何证明选讲如图所示，已知PA与⊙O相切，A为切点，过点P的割线交圆于B、C两点，弦CD∥AP，AD、BC相交于点E，F为CE上一点，且DE2=EF•EC．（1）求证：CE•EB=EF•EP；（2）若CE：BE=3：2，DE=3，EF=2，求PA的长．考点：与圆有关的比例线段．专题：选作题．分析：（I）由已知可得△DEF∽△CED，得到∠EDF=∠C．由平行线的性质可得∠P=∠C，于是得到∠EDF=∠P，再利用对顶角的性质即可证明△EDF∽△EPA．于是得到EA•ED=EF•EP．利用相交弦定理可得EA•ED=CE•EB，进而证明结论；（II）利用（I）的结论可得BP=，再利用切割线定理可得PA2=PB•PC，即可得出PA．解答：（I）证明：∵DE2=EF•EC，∠DEF公用，∴△DEF∽△CED，∴∠EDF=∠C．又∵弦CD∥AP，∴∠P=∠C，∴∠EDF=∠P，∠DEF=∠PEA∴△EDF∽△EPA．∴，∴EA•ED=EF•EP．又∵EA•ED=CE•EB，∴CE•EB=EF•EP；（II）∵DE2=EF•EC，DE=3，EF=2．∴32=2EC，∴．∵CE：BE=3：2，∴BE=3．由（I）可知：CE•EB=EF•EP，∴，解得EP=，∴BP=EP﹣EB=．∵PA是⊙O的切线，∴PA2=PB•PC，∴，解得．点评：熟练掌握相似三角形的判定和性质定理、平行线的性质、对顶角的性质、相交弦定理、切割线定理是解题的关键．23．以直角坐标系的原点O为极点，x轴的正半轴为极轴，且两个坐标系取相等的长度单位．已知直线l的参数方程为（t为参数，0＜α＜π），曲线C的极坐标方程为ρsin2θ=4cosθ．（Ⅰ）求曲线C的直角坐标方程；（Ⅱ）设直线l与曲线C相交于A、B两点，当α变化时，求|AB|的最小值．考点：简单曲线的极坐标方程．专题：坐标系和参数方程．分析：（1）利用即可化为直角坐标方程；（2）将直线l的参数方程代入y2=4x，利用根与系数的关系、弦长公式及参数的几何意义即可得出．解答：解：（I）由ρsin2θ=4cosθ，得（ρsinθ）2=4ρcosθ，∴曲线C的直角坐标方程为y2=4x．（II）将直线l的参数方程代入y2=4x，得t2sin2α﹣4tcosα﹣4=0．设A、B两点对应的参数分别为t1、t2，则t1+t2=，t1t2=﹣，∴|AB|=|t1﹣t2|===，当α=时，|AB|的最小值为4．点评：本题考查了极坐标方程化为直角坐标方程、直线与抛物线相交问题、一元二次方程的根与系数的关系、弦长公式及参数的几何意义等基础知识与基本技能方法，属于基础题．24．已知函数f（x）=|2x+1|+|2x﹣3|．（Ⅰ）求不等式f（x）≤6的解集；（Ⅱ）若关于x的不等式f（x）﹣log2（a2﹣3a）＞2恒成立，求实数a的取值范围．考点：函数恒成立问题．专题：综合题；函数的性质及应用．分析：（Ⅰ）通过对自变量x的范围的讨论，去掉绝对值符号，从而可求得不等式f（x）≤6的解集；（Ⅱ）不等式f（x）﹣＞2恒成立⇔+2＜f（x）min 恒成立，利用绝对值不等式的性质易求f（x）min=4，从而解不等式＜2即可．解答：解：（Ⅰ）原不等式等价于或或，解得：＜x≤2或﹣≤x≤或﹣1≤x＜﹣，∴不等式f（x）≤6的解集为{x|﹣1≤x≤2}．（Ⅱ）不等式f（x）﹣＞2恒成立⇔+2＜f（x）=|2x+1|+|2x﹣3|恒成立⇔+2＜f（x）min恒成立，∵|2x+1|+|2x﹣3|≥|（2x+1）﹣（2x﹣3）|=4，∴f（x）的最小值为4，∴+2＜4，即，解得：﹣1＜a＜0或3＜a＜4．∴实数a的取值范围为（﹣1，0）∪（3，4）．点评：本题考查函数恒成立问题，着重考查等价转化思想与分类讨论思想的综合运用，考查函数的单调性与解不等式组的能力，属于难题．。
山西省太原市2017届高三上学期阶段性测评(期中)英语试题Word版含解析
太原市2016 —2017学年高三年级第一学期阶段性测试英语试卷第一部分听力理解（略）第三部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
答案写在答题卡上。
AThe huma n nose has give n to the Ian guages of the world many in teresti ng expressi ons. Ofcourse, this is not surprising. Without the nose, we could not breather or smell. It is part of theface that gives a pers on special character. Cyranode Bergerac said that a large nose showed a great man——brave, polite, manly and in tellectual.Afamous wome n poet wished that she had two no ses to smell a rose! Blaise Pascal, a Frenchphilosopher, made an interesting comment about the Cleopatra ' s nose. If it had been shorter, he said, it would have cha nged the whole face of the world.Historically, man ' s nose had had a principalrofeirinaigination. Man has referred to thenose in many ways to express his emoti ons. Expressi ons concerning the no serefer to huma n weak ness: an ger, pride, jealousya nd reve nge.In English there are a number of phrases about the nose. For example, to hold up on e' s noseexpresses a basic huma n feeli ng——pride. People can hold up their no ses at people, thi ngs and places.The phrase, to be led around by the nose, shows man ' s weakness. Aperson who is led aroundby the nose lets other people con trol him. On the other hand, a pers on who follows his nose lets his in sti net guide him.For the huma n emoti on of reject ion, the phrase, to have one ' s nose put out of join t, is very descriptive. The expressi on applies to pers ons who have bee n turned aside because of a competitor.Their pride is hurt and they feel rejected. This expression is not new. It was used by Erassmus in 1542.This is only a sample of expressi ons in En glish deali ng withthe no se. There are a nu mber ofothers. however, it should be as pla in as the nose on the face that the nose is more tha n an orga nfor breath ing and smelli ng!21. Which of the followi ng is TRUE?A. A pers on who holds up his nose is easier to get an gry.B. A pers on who is proud of himself is to hold up his no se.C. A person who is satisfied with himself always follows others.D. A pers on who hopes to have two no ses is strong-min ded.22. What does the underlined phrase “ to be led around by the nose ” mean?A. To be followed by somebody.B. To be con trolled by somebody.C. To be un der your no se.D. To pay through the no se.23. How does a pers on who has his nose put out of joint feel?A. Worried.B. Pleased.C. Proud and happy.D. Hurt and un accepted.24. What do you know from the last sentence of this passage?A. It is hard to know that the nose is not only for smelli ng.B. The nose is really just an orga n for breath ing and smelli ng.C. It ' s clear that a nose ' s function is more than breathing and smelling.D. Itis not importa nt that a nose has other fun cti ons except these two.B“ Two yuan+ luck=5million yuan ” . ThaJeheygs banners and posters blanket the nation.Our life has bee n filled with “ lot彩票tickets ”(Most people become extremely happy at the mere men ti on of lottery tickets. Why are they so eager to buy them? Do they con sider the lottery a good way to con tribute to society? Or do they just seize the cha nee for pers onal gain?A rece nt survey in major Chin ese cities shows that more tha n 80 perce nt of lottery buyers take out their money with the purpose of “ wining more money lack ” and “ Being a millionaire in a short time. ” These words on an advertising leaflet may be the truly most attractive to lottery selling statio ns.Allowing themselves the pleasure of imagination of becoming an overnight millionaire, many lottery buyerscan 'st keepheart. If their "investment ” on which they have strong hope ends upin smoke, which is usually the case, they are likely to experience low spirits or even give up all hopes.Sixteen years ago, the government of Fuzhou gave a notice forbidding all lotteries. The notice said that all lottery tickets sales in the city must be stopped to make sure a peaceful Spring Festival. Lotteries have caused a lot of criminal cases in the city. It was reported that a laid-off worker committed a robbery after using all his savings on lottery tickets and becoming penniless.In ano ther case, a young man became men tally ill whe n his lottery tickets turned into waste paper.A comprehensive law is needed to fit the lottery industry. On the other hand, themedia must take more social duty to help people un dersta nd the reality of the lotteries. In stead of describ ing how a si ngle lottery ticket cha nges a poor pers on in to an overni ght mill on aire, advertiseme nts should fit this goal clearly so that whe n people take out money they should realize that they are making a contribution to the poor.Lottery have en tered into com mon Chin ese people ' s lives for years. They have brought abouta lot of cha nges to society worthy of praise.We hope that in the future, lotteries can con tribute eve n more to the developme nt of ournational economy which will light up everybody ' s life.25. Why did the gover nment of Fuzhou forbid lottery tickets on special holidays?A. Lotteries had many ill effects on childre n.B. People spe nt too much money on it.C. Lotteries caused a lot of serious deaths.D. People n eeda happy and peaceful holiday.26. What should the media help people to do accord ing to the author?A. To understand the reality of the lotteries.B. To look into the situation of lotteries tickets.C. To find out how they make a lot of mon ey.D. To believe that they will become millio naires.27. What can we know from the passage?A. There is no law fitting lotteries in China today.B. Lotteries meet with the developme nt of moder n society.C. Lotteries have many cha nges to society since they were born.D. It is the best way for the workers to live by buying lottery tickets.28. What is the purpose of the author writing the passage?A. To make us know the use of lottery tickets.B. To tell us totreat lottery tickets in a correct way.C. To in troduce the adva ntages of lottery tickets to us.D. To tell us the importance of lottery tickets in our daily life.CIn your rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or decide it ' s still OK to eat? If you ' re like most people, you eat it. Maybe youfolond therule ” , which claims foods are safe to eat if you pick themup with in 5 sec onds of dropp ing them. But you might want to think aga in. Scien tists now say that 5 sec onds are all it takes for foods to become polluted with eno ugh bacteria to make you sick.Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If we eat foods on which these bacteria are grow ing, we can become sick. One of these food-bor n bacteria is Salm on ella. It makes 1.4 milli on people sick every year. Earlier this year, 370 people became sick after eati ng pea nut butter that had bee n polluted with Salm on ella at the manu facturi ng factory.Salm on ella are ofte n found in raw eggs and chicke n. Cook ing kills these bacteria, which is why it is so importa nt to cook eggs, chicke n, and other foods carefully.Being a good housekeeper is ano ther good way to preve nt infection. Even if household surfaces are washed thoroughly, they can support Salm on ella for weeks. A team of scie ntists at Clems on Un iversity in South Caroli na have tested the 5-sec ond rule, using san dwich in gredie nts. First, they placed a known amount of Salm on ella cells on three surfaces: wood, tile, and carpet. They then placed a slice of bread and a slice of bologna（大红肠）on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 sec on ds. After just 5 sec on ds, both the bread and bolog na picked up eno ugh bacteria to make you sick.So forget the 5-second rule. If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh sliceof bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop it!29. Which of the following statements can best describethe original meaning ofA. If the food is on the floor for less tha n 5 sec on ds, it resh.B. If the food is on the floor for more tha n 5 sec on ds, it -sec ond rule ”？"5 's f's safe.C. It you finish eati ng the food on the floor with in 5 sec on ds, it 's dangerous for you.D. If you pick up the food that you drop on the floor with in 5 sec on ds, it30. What can cause many diseases accord ing to the passage?'s safe to eat.A. BacteriaB. Bread.C. Bad habits.D . Raw eggs.31. Why did the scie ntists at Clems on Un iversity carryout the test?A. To find out whether the food is safe to eat.B. To find out how long the food can be kept.C. To find out whether the 5-sec ond rule is true.D. To find out how long the bacteria can live.32. What does the last paragraph tell us?A. Don ' t eat the chicken on the floor because it ' s dirty.B. Don ' t eat food that you have dropped orine floor.C. If you are eati ng the food, you n ever drop it on the floor.D. If you eat the food dropped on the floor in sec on ds, it ' s OK.DOne family, which moved from Japa n and settled at the turn of the cen tury n ear San Fran cisco,had built a bus in ess in which they grew roses and trucked them into San Fran cisco three mornings a week.The other family also marketed roses. For almost four decades the two families weren eighbors, and the sons took over the farms, but the n on December 7, 1941, Japa n attacked PearlHarbor. Although the rest of the family members were America n, the father of the Japa nese familyhad n ever bee n n aturalized. As they pla nned to leave the coun try, his neighbor made it clear that, ifn ecessary, he would look after his frie nd y（花圃'）.stnua s esomethi ng each family hadlearned in church- Love the neighbor as themselves. “ You would do the same for us, ” he told his Japa nese friend.It was not long before the Japa nese family was tran sported to a poor Ian dscape in Can ada. Afull year went by. Then two. Then three. While the Japa nese n eighbors were in Can ada, theirfriends worked in the greenhouses. Sometimes the father ' s work could stretch to 16 and 17 hours. And the n one day, whe n the war in Europe had en ded, the Japa nese family packed up and boardeda train. They were going home.What would they find? The family was met at the train station by their neighbors, and whenthey got to their home, the whole Japanese family were shocked. There was the nursery, complete, clea n and shining in the sun light, n eat, prosperous and healthy. And the house was just as clea n and welcoming as the nursery. And there on the dining room ground was one perfect red （玫瑰花蕾）,just waiting to unfold-the gift of one neighbor to another.33. What does “ the gift e last paragraph refer to besides t rosebud?① a n eat and clea n house ② the prosperous nu rsery③ the depe ndable n eighbors ④ the beautiful rose parkA.①and②B.③and④C.①，②and③D.②，③and④34. What ' s the topic of the passage?A. Frie ndshipB. HardworkC. Happ in essD. Hon esty35. Why did the neighborschoose “ unfolding rosebud ” to welcome the return of the Japanese?A. Becauseit ' s a decorative issue.B. Because the roses are beautiful.C. Becausethey grew roses themselves.D. Beca use it ' s a wishfor a good future.第二节（共五小题，每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，答案写在答题卡上Zoey admits it was a little sad saying goodbye to her fish. ______ Zoey ' s class at Hawthoi Elementary School spent most of the school year raising the fish from time they were nothing more than little eggs with eyes.The program the Hawthorne kids took part in is called ” Trout in the classroom ” . ____ kids at Wils on Middle School in Fishersville took part in the project, too."I got to feed them every morni ng and watch them grow up, -gradersaadreve nthClayt on. We have to protect them, or some of the fish could go ext in ct. Laure n was right.___ B ut later, pollution, overfishing and loss of natural habitat have pushed some species to the dan ger of ext in cti on.Thanks to the kids in the program, trout are being rein troduced into rivers and streams across the coun try. And by doing that, the kids are help ing to restore there local ecosystems——the n atural bala nee that existed before huma n disturbed it, ______ Because the fish are in their classrooms, the kids are resp on sible for making sure there is cool, clean water, proper food and proper living conditions in the tanks.By the middle of May, they were “ as big as a fin ger. ” That is, t beysare old enougreleased into On eida Creek. ” Remember to swim back here to meet us and eat the food we bringlittle trout ” . ___________A The kids can leann some scientific lessons at school.B Make sure whe n a warm lands on the surface, n ever bite.C Fin ally, Zoey read them goodbye letters before lett ing them go.D They can also see how our actions affect the trout ' s ability to survive.E But she honestly thinks it ' s good that they are going to a natural home.F It ' s a n ati onal project supported by a con servatioroup called Trout Un limited.G When America was first foun ded, river and streams across the continent were filled with fish.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
山西省太原市2017-2018学年高三上学期阶段性测评(期中)化学试题 Word版含答案
2017-2018学年第I卷（选择题，共74 分）一、选择题（每小题只有一个选项符合题意，每小题2分，共44分。
）1．《新修本草》是我国古代中药学著作之一，记载药物844种，其中关于“青矾”的描述为：“本来绿色．新出窟未见风者，正如琉璃，烧之赤色”。
据此推测，“青矾”的主要成分是（）A. CuSO4·5H2O B. Fe2(SO4)3·9H2OC. KAl(SO4)2·12H2OD. FeSO4·7H2O2．化学在生产和生活中有重要的应用。
下列说法不正确的是（）A．可溶性铁盐或铝盐可用于水的净化B．开发利用新能源、汽车尾气催化净化都能减少霾C. KNO3、KC1O3与单S、C2H5OH 混搭存放在同一库房间D．煤炭经气化、液化和干馏等过程，可获得清洁能源和重要的化工原料3．下列有关化学用语表示正确的是（）A. CSO 的电子式：B. HClO 的结构式：H-Cl-OC. Cl-的结构示意图：D．原子核内有20个中子的氯原子：Cl 20174．下列叙述正确的是（）A．液态HBr 不异电，因此HBr是非电解质B. NH3的水溶液能导电，因此NH3是电解质C．强电解质溶液的导电能力不一定比弱电解质溶液的等电能力强D. BaSO4难溶于水，其水溶液的导电性极弱，因此BaSO4是弱电解质5. 下列关于同温同压下的两种气体12C18O和14N2的判断止确正确的是（）A．体积相等时密度相等B．体积相等时具有的电子数相等C．原子数相等时具有的中子数相等D．质量相等时具有的质子数相等6．常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中一定能大最共存的是（）A.无色溶液中：K+、Na+、Cu2+、SO42-B.0.lmol / LFeS04溶液中：K+、NH4+、Mn04-、ClO-C.Kw/c(OH-) =1×10-1mol/L的溶液中：Al3+、NO3-、I-、Cl-D.c(H+)=10-13mol/L的溶液中: Na＋、Cl-、NO3-、SO42-7．在绿色化学工艺中，理想状态是反应物中的原子全部转化为欲制得的产物，即原子利用率为100% ，在用CH3C≡CH合成CH3-C(CH3)COOCH3的过程中，欲使原子利用率达到最高，还需要其他的反应物有（）A. CO2和H2OB. CO和CH3OHC. CH3OH和H2D. H2和C028．在硫酸溶液中．NaClO3和Na2SO3能按物质的最之比l:2 完全反应，生成一种棕黄色气体X，同时Na2SO3被氧化为Na2SO4，则X为（）A. Cl2B. C12O7C. Cl02D. C1209．已知硫酸亚铁溶液中加入过氧化钠时发生反应：4Fe2++4Na2O2+6H2O=4Fe(OH)3↓+O2+8Na+。
太原市 2017—2018 学年高三年级第一学期阶段性测试英语试卷.doc
太原市2017—2018 学年高三年级第一学期阶段性测试英语试卷第一部分听力理解（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共10 小题；每小题2 分，满分20 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C 和D）中，选出最佳选项。
答案写在答题卡上。
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Our medical alert professionals can walk you through everything over the phone. The first 100 callers to order will receive:*Free Medical Alert System ($ 300 value)*24 Hours a Day / 7 Days a Week LIVE Monitoring and Support.*Free Necklace Pendant*No Long-term Contract*Free Shipping (Mention Reader’s Digest) Don’t wait until after a fall to give us a call. Take advantage of this special offer now to protect yourself or a loved one. Call now Toll-Free 1-800-231-0167 and mention Reader’s Digest. Sincerely, Jim Nelson21. Why are there an increasing number of medical related emergencies?A. Old pe ople’s quality of life is down at present.B. The old are not paying attention to their health.C. The overall health of the old is worse than before.D. Many old people have no one to keep them company.22. What’s the main advantage of the system mentio ned in the text?A. Preventing falls.B. Serving as an alarm.C. Replacing doctors.D. Improving health and mind.23.What benefit can the first 100 callers to order get?A. Buy the system at $300.B. Get a copy of Reader’s Digest.C. Have a pendant at a discount.D. Get all-day monitoring and help.BThe wedding tradition of “something old, something new, something borrowed and something blue” has been around for hundreds of years. The tradition of carrying or wearing one of each item is said to bring luck and fortune to the newly married couple. Have you ever stopped to think what the saying really means? What is its origin and what does each item represent?The original saying dates back to the Victoria times and states, “somethi ng old, something new, something borrowed and something blue and a silver sixpence in your shoe.” Something old A bride may wear or carry something old to represent her continued ties to her family and her old life. Many brides wear a piece of family jewelry as their old items. Some brides wear the wedding dress worn by theirmother or grandmother. In many cases, something old may also be something borrowed.Something new Wearing something new is supposed to represent success and hope in the bride’s new life and in her marriage. If the bride purchases her wedding dress new, it may represent her news items, but any item that is new may be used. Something “new” is usually the easiest kind to fill.Something borrowed The borrowed item should be something borrowed from a friend that is happily married. It is said that their happiness will rub off on you and bring lasting happiness to our marriage. Some brides borrow an item of clothing, a piece of jewelry, a handkerchief or perhaps a beaded(带珠子的) purse.Something blue Wearing something blue dates back to ancient times when a blue wedding dress was worn to represent purity, fidelity and love.Silver sixpence Placing a silver sixpence in the bride’s left shoe is said to be a symbol of wealth. This not only refers to financial wealth, but also a wealth of happiness and joy throughout her married life. Since most brides probably don’t even know what a sixpence is, this part of the tradition is not used very often in modern times. However, if a bride would like to include it in her wedding, she can purchasea silver sixpence from many companies that sell bridal supplies such as garters(袜带) and invitations.24. Why does the first paragraph end with two questions?A. To invite readers to answer them at once.B. To show the importance of this tradition.C. To have readers’ interest and attention.D. To test readers knowledge about wedding.25. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Something old might also be something borrowed actually.B. The part of the tr adition “silver sixpence” is never used now.C. The borrowed item can be something borrowed from any friend.D. Something new is usually the most difficult and expensive kind to fill.CSometimes people call each other “scared-cat”. But have you ever thou ght about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense and there are changes in the chemicals in its bloodstream. Although the cat doesn’t realize this, its body is getting ready for action. If the dange r continues, the animal will do one of two things. It will protect itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.Something like this also happens to people. When we are excited, angry or scared by other feeling, our bodies go through many physical changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves or run.Human beings, however, have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger, or hit somebody and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told somebody you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then wished later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn't always clever to express your feelings freely.Does this mean that it's smarter always to hide our feelings? No! If you keep feelings of anger, sadness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays tense. Physical illnesses can develop, and you can feel disturbed badly inside. It can actually be bad for your health. It isn’t good to keep pleasant feelings inside either; all feelings need to be expressed. Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside don't just go away. It's as if you bought some bananas and put them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but before long you'd smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, chances are you'd see little fruit flies flying all over them. They are bad.You can try to treat feelings as if they were bananas in the cupboard. You can hide them and you can pretend they don’t exist, but they’ll still be around. And at last you’ll have to deal with them, just like those bananas.28. When people and animals are aroused by anger or fear, __________.A. they feel very regretful immediatelyB. their muscles get neither tense nor relaxedC. their hearts beat either faster or slowerD. they may get ready to attack or run away29. Why do human beings get into trouble according to the passage?A. They are usually not as alert as animal.B. They sometimes can’t control their feelings.C. They always do something wrong to other people.D. They don’t pay attention to their physi cal changes.30. What can we infer from the passage?A. Holding in your feelings may lead to unpleasant results.B. Bananas stay fresh longer when they are in a cupboard.C. Feelings will gradually disappear when you hold them in.D. It’s good for your health to keep pleasant feelings inside.31. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To tell us that people’s feelings are like bananas in a cupboard.B. To give us some advice on how to express our feelings.C. To help us deal with feelings in a wise and proper way.D. To prove that it isn’t always wise to express our feelings freelyDDiamonds are considered as the most famous and valuable jewel in the world. The precious stone for its great value is believed to be the symbol of wealth. Diamonds were made as a result of great volcanic heat and pressure. When a volcano is active, it sometimes explodes and causes great damage to the nearby towns.However, at the same time of such a disaster, diamonds were pushed towards the surface of the earth by a number of great volcanic explosions millions of years ago. Thus, it may be very likely to find a diamond after a volcano eruption. Besides, diamonds are also found among the sand and stones of certain river beds, and in a few places on the floor of the sea, for they were washed down the mountain sides by the rain.Diamonds are very rare. There are not many places that produce such precious things in the world. During the last century adventurers form Europe went to Brazil, because they had heard that there were diamonds in the River Amazon. Many of these early diamond miners died of illness or were lost forever in the great forests. But some returned home rich.The earliest known diamonds were found in India many centuries ago. The most recent and exciting dis coveries have been made in eastern Russia. But most of the world’s diamonds now come from Congo, from Tanzania------which has the largest diamond mine in the world and also from South Africa32. What do we know about diamonds according to the passage?A. Diamonds are always accompanied by volcano eruptions.B. Diamonds are created by volcano eruptions.C. Diamonds are considered as a sign of wealth.D. Diamonds could be always found in a few riverbanks.33. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous place producing diamonds?A. CongoB. South AfricaC. IndiaD. Western Europe34. What can we know from the third paragraph?A. Diamond mining can be dangerous for the miners.B. Brazil plays a more important role in diamond mining.C. River Amazon has no large diamond mines nowadays.D. Many miners returned home due to the risks in diamond mining.35. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?A. Eastern Russia has been famous for diamond mining for a long time.B. The diamond deposit in eastern Russia wasn’t discovered until recently.C. Eastern Russia is not as important as African countries in diamond mining.D. The eastern part of Russia will replace all African countries in diamond mining.第二节（共五小题，每小题 2 分，共10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，答案写在答题卡上。
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太原市2017-2018学年第一学期高三年级阶段性测评(期中)数学试题一、选择题(本大题共12小题,每小题5分,满分60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是 符合题目要求的，请将其字母代码填入下表相应位置 )1.已知集合 A -〔x y --x 2 • 6x -8二集合 B = \ yy = log 2 x,x • A?,则 Afle R B =A.[1,2]B.(1,2]C.[2,4]D.(2,4]【答案】D22【解析】，-x 6x-8_0 x -6x 8 乞0 x-2(x-4) ^0 x [2,4] A A =[2,4]:y=log 2X,x [2,4]. y 叮og 22,log 241 即 y〔1,2】A B ^ 1,2 1AA CKB 二[2,4]「：：,1 U 2, * 二 2,4 12.下列选项中，相等的一组函数是【答案】D【解析】相等的函数的条件是定义域和对应法则均相等 3.设等差数列|a n ｝的前n 项和为S,若S 9=72,则a s = A.6 B.8C.9D.18【答案】B【解析】S 9=9 a 5=72 A a 5=8 14函数f X X 3 ■ X 2 -3x -1在[0,2]上的最小值为 38 8A. ——B—C.1D.-133【答案】A【解析】 f x * 2x _3 =(x 3)(x -1) 导函数根轴图和函数趋势图如右图.18A f x min = f 11 -3 T 二335已知函数f(x)是偶函数，且对任意x € R 都有f(x+3)=-f(x),3,5时，f X = 1 ,则 f(31)=2'2 21A. y =1 , y= x 0B.y=x+1,y=y — x 2, y =：i.$x D.y=x_1,y=t_1A,B,C 定义域不一样A. B.4 C.-4 D.4••• f(x)的周期T=6,.・. f(31)= f(1+6 X 5)= f(1)f x 二g x 2x • f 1 二g 1 2=47.中国古代数学著作《算法统宗》中有这样一个问题：“三百七十八里关，初行健步不为难，次日脚痛减一半，六朝才得到其关，要见次日行里数，请公仔细算相还，“其大意为：“有一个人走了378里路, 第一天健步行走，从第二天起因脚痛每天走的路程为做一天的一半，走了6天后到达目的地.”问此人第5天走了A.48 里B.24 里 C.12 里D.6 里【答案】C【解析】记每天走的路程里数为｛a n｝，可知｛a n｝是公比q=』的等比数列，2a l(1吕)由S6=378,得S6= . - I :,解得：a1=192,-:,此人第5天走了12里.524(1)8.函数f(x)= I丄COSX的图象的一部分可能是I X丿6、设函数2攵f(x)=g(x)+x曲线y=g(x)在点(1,g(1))处的切线方程为y=2x+1,贝U曲线y=f(x)在点(1，f(1))处切线的斜率为A. B.4 C.2 D.14_2【答案】B•/ f(x)是偶函数• f(1)= f(-1)=- f(-1+3)=- f(2)=【解析】••• y=g(x)在点(1,g(1))处的切线方程为y=2x+1 • g 1 =2【答案】A【解析】T f(x+3)=-f(x)【答案】C 【解析】•••x ,-x 2 x , -f x 2 < 0 - f x R 上减函数2a -「： 0-0 ::: a ::: 12a -1 L2 3a — log a (2 -1)10在数列 Q •冲,a 1 = 1,a 2 = 2 ,若 a * 2 = 2a * T 「a * • 2 则 a 16等于A.224B.225C.226D.227【答案】C 【解析】a n2 =2a n 1-a * ■ 2 二 a *2 一a * 1 二 a * 1 一a * 2• 'a * q —a* 是以a 2 -a 1 =1为首项，2为公差的等差数列•• a * 1 -a * =1 ' 2(* T) =2* -1「,“ ,1+(2 勺5—1)•a 16 = a 2-a 1 ' a 3 -a ? V %-a^ ' a 115 1=2262【解析】••• f(x)= 1 11cosx 二 f(-x)= cos -xcosx ••• f(x)=- f(-x)••• f(x)奇函数，图x x像关于原点对称排除 AB x _. ：0 , f(x)<0 排除D. 9,已知函数f (x )=R 2a —1 ”+3a,XW 2对任意的实数 llog a (x-1),x^2则实数a 的取值范围是人=X 2 都有 X | -x 2 x ( f x 2:::0，A.(0,1)B.0,1 I 2丿C.「2 1〕 辰丿D.【答案】Cf x -2018x>0则关于实数 m 的不等式f(m+1)-f(-m)A. 3,母)B 匸址1C.[1，2] D―丄2 - 2,【答案】D2 2 2【解析】••• f(x)+ f(-x)=2018x,••• f x -1009x 2 f -x -1009 -x ] =0构造函数 g x = f x -1009x 2 g x = f x[-2018x , g x g [-x = 0 • g x 是奇函数 ••• x € (0,+ g )时 f ■ x -2018x>0 • g x 在(0,+ g )上单调递增••• g x 是奇函数 • g x g x 在R 上单调递增2••• f(m+1)-f(-m) >2018m+1009, f x =g x 1009x • g(m+1 )+1009(m+1 f - p (-m )+1009m 22018m + 1009, , 1• g m 1 - g -m• m 1 _-m . m _-一212.函数f(x)=(kx+4)lnx-x(x>1), 若f(x)>0 的解集为(s,t), 且(s,t)中只有一个整数，则实数k 的取值范围是A — _2，丄-4 ln2 ln 3 3B 丄-2丄/ ln 2 ln3 3C l n3 3D.丄/亠1ln3 3 2ln 2【答案】B 【解析】令f (x ) > 0,得：kx+4 >——,lnx 令 g (x )='，则 g '(x ) = 「,, E (Inx)2令 g '(x ) > 0,解得：x > e ,令 g '( x )v 0, 解得：1v X V e , 故g （乂）在（1, e ）递增，在（ e , +g)递减, 画出函数草图，如图示: 2k+4>-^- ln2，解得: 二、填空题（本大题共4小题,每小题5分，共20分.把答案填在题中横线上11.设函数f （x ）为R 上的可导函数，对任意的实数2x,有 f(x)=2018x -f(-x), 且 x € (0,+ g )时,> 2018m+1009的解集为213.设命题p:,x 0 • R, x 0x 0则命题-P:【解析】一P ：-x ・ R,x ?三x:::x :： & ,若 AUB=R,A n B=(-1,1], 则 a+b+c=① a 2则A - -：：,2】U 〔a, •：： 可知不能满足 AUB =R ,An B=(-i,i]•/ A n B=(-1,1],AUB=R 则 b=-1,c=2,a=1• a+b+c=2115.已知：a n 』是等比数列,a 1=4,a 4=—,贝V2+a n a n+1=n 4n 2 2n.…a n a n 1 二 qqa 1qa 1q…a nv a n ** 1=q 2•- ^a n a n J 是以 a 1a 2=8 为首项,a n 4a n【解析】A ={x (x _2)[x _a )Z 0} 【解析】T 是等比数列a^ =a 1q^ q 31=241 .a ?2• a 1a 2+a 2a 3+…+a n a n+1 = 「l 4丿」—32 , 1-1 4 16.设函数 f(x)= J'X —1 Jog a x -1・1,x"a >0且a 主1,若函数 g(x)=[f(x)] 2+bf(x)+c 有X 1X 2+X 2x 3+X 1X 3= 零 点 x 1,x 2,x 3, 则【解析】分拆函数 t _ f (X )2 [g(x)=y =t 2 +bt+c 画出函数f (x )图像如右图，图像关于 x=1对称 由题意，只有当t=f ( x )=1时，它有三个根. 学习参考 14.已知集合 A ={x X 2 —(a +2 )x +2a 3。
}, B ={x b② a :: 2 则 A - -：：,a 〕U 吃 9192+3233+ …2 2n _3F q11为公比的等比数列4-4 -3-2 -••• f(0)=1 ••• f (2) =1 A g(x)的三个零点分别是 0, 1, 2 . 故则 X I X 2+X 2X 3+X I X 3=0+2+0=2.三、解答题(本大题共4小题,共40分,解答需写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤 )17. (本小题满分10分)设 U=R,A ={X 2X 2 —5X +2 兰 0}1, B={x X 2十 me 。
} (I)当 m=-4 时，求 AUB, ej A (n )若(ejA) n B =B ,求实数m 的取值范围【解析】解不等式衣_5"0得护《2 •A£讣十訓2七(I)当 m=-4 时，解不等式 X 2 -4 :: 0 得 一2 ：：： X 2即 B= (-2,2 ) • AUB = -2,2 ] e_)A= -二，丄 U 2,:：I 2丿(n ) ••• (ejA) n B =B ・.B 工巳 A① B=?，此时m > 0 (图像不存在x 轴下方部分)② B M ?，此时 m<0,则 x 2 m . 0= -、、-m ：： x ：：、-m综上所述m I-4, - 18. (本小题满分10分)已知数列:aj 的前n 项和为S i ,S n =f+n (I)求订鳥的通项公式(n )若 匕』为等比数列，且b 1=a 4,b 2=a 6,求数列 — 的前n 项和T n . l b n J2【解析】(I) n =1时,3=1 ，1=2n 色2时 © =Sn -Sn4 = n 2 -(n -1「+ [n -( n -1 )]= 2nm :: 0B — ej A =—工m ：：：一 1或- mm - - 2I 2 L1解得 m ：：： 0或一4乞m - 0即一4乞m ：：： 04(n ) 0=84=882=^ =12 ■/ :b n f 为等比数列二 q = b 2 = 3b, 2•- b n18Qx + ------- +5,0 <x v6f xx -8 U4,^6,每日的成本g(x)(单位：万元)与日产量x 满足下图所示的函数关系，已知每日的利润 Q(x)=f(x)-g(x). (I)求Q(x)的解析式；(n )当日产量为多少吨时，每日的利润达到最大，并求出最大值 【解析】(I)由图像可知g (x ) =x+3工 .182x + ------- +2,0 ex v6• Q(x)=f(x)-g(x)=x —8Q 2川n3t TnQ 2+ 21-创川13丿13丿• 3T n-吟21号n 3 2n-3单位：万元)与日产量x(单位：吨)满足函数f 3咛 =8 —12丿19.(本小题满分10分)某工厂生产某种产品，每日的销售额f(x)(11 - x,x -6,（n）当x＞6时，Q（ x）=11 - x为单调递减函数，故当x=6时，Q（ x）ma＞=5.当0v x v 6 时，Q(x)=2x+ +2=2( x - 8) + +18W 6,x-S x-8当且仅当 2 (x- 8) = I? (0v x v6),即x=5 时，Q(x) ma=6,x-8综合上述情况，当日产量为5吨时，日利润达到最大6万元.20.（本小题满分10分）已知函数f（x）= in x - ax 1_ （a • R）x（I）讨论f（x）的单调性；（n ）是否存在a € R,使得函数f（x）存在三个零点；若存在，请求解a的取值范围；若不存在，请说明理由•2）当型21时* /'（*）单増区间为｛（M）,单减区间为（U«）・5）当q冷时- 川）单减宦间为（仃卄；«£■⑵ 丿⑴当（?皿时「。