2016年扬州大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识(历史)历年真题试卷汇编1(题
翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识（历史）历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 3. 名词解释 4. 简答题单项选择题1．洋务运动时期最早创办的翻译学堂是( )。
A．同文馆B．广方言馆C．译书局D．译书馆正确答案：A解析：同文馆是清代最早培养译员的洋务学堂和从事翻译出版的机构。
咸丰十年清政府成立总理各国事务衙门，作为综理洋务的中央机关。
同时恭亲王奕诉等人建议在总理各国事务衙门下设立同文馆。
知识模块：历史2．1930年1月，毛泽东进一步从理论上阐述农村包围城市、武装夺取政权理论的文章是( )。
A．《中国的红色政权为什么能够存在?》B．《星星之火，可以燎原》C．《井冈山的斗争》D．《中国革命战争的战略问题》正确答案：B解析：毛泽东在《星星之火，可以燎原》一文中进一步指出：红军、游击队和红色区域的建立和发展，是殖民地和半封建殖民地农民斗争的必然结果，并且无疑义地是促进全国革命高潮的最重要因素。
知识模块：历史3．著名的“三权分立”理论是法国资产阶级启蒙思想家( )在其著作《论法的精神》中提出的。
A．狄德罗B．伏尔泰C．孟德斯鸠D．卢梭正确答案：C解析：《论法的精神》是孟德斯鸠最重要的、影响最大的著作。
该书中提出的追求自由、主张法治、实行分权的理论，对世界范围的资产阶级革命产生了很大影响。
知识模块：历史4．“完璧归赵”“怒发冲冠”等成语出于蔺相如的故事，这个故事来自历史书( )。
A．《左传》B．《战国策》C．《史记》D．《汉书》正确答案：C解析：“完璧归赵”“怒发冲冠”出自西汉司马迁《史记.廉颇蔺相如列传》。
知识模块：历史5．古代中国，在不同的历史时期，曾多次和其他国家有过对外交流。
汉武帝派( )出使西域，是中国有史以来的第一次中外交流。
A．徐光启B．郑和C．张骞D．玄奘正确答案：C解析：徐光启和郑和是明朝人，玄奘是唐朝人，张骞出使西域开辟了著名的“丝绸之路”。
知识模块：历史6．中国古代医药学著作现存约8000多种，形成了完整的理论体系。
翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识(应用文写作)历年真题试卷汇编1-2.doc
翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识（应用文写作）历年真题试卷汇编1-2(总分：58.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、应用文写作(总题数：29，分数：58.00)1.【北京外国语大学2014翻译硕士】所谓旅游广告，就是风景名胜游览地的某些企事业单位，为了广泛介绍本地的名胜景致和独特的风光，招揽更多的旅游者，增加由旅游带来的各种经济收益，通过广播电视、报刊杂志等媒体进行广泛宣传的一种应用文体。
运用旅游广告实事求是地介绍旅游胜地的特点，不仅为旅游者提供了信息，能够恰当地选择自己的旅游地点、出行时间和路线，而且可以提高旅游者对各处游览胜地的鉴别选择能力，唤起旅游者潜在的欲望。
请自己确定为某处旅游景点或旅游项目写一则旅游广告，要求讲究表现手法，运用多种形式，做到亲切、自然、生动、活泼，加深读者印象，增强宣传效果。
字数在400字左右。
（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.【首都师范大学2012翻译硕士】根据所给提示写一则翻译公司的招聘广告：(限450字以内)1．公司主要从事人文社会科学类文本的英汉互译；2．对译员的基本要求。
(其它相关内容不限)（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.【北京科技大学2012翻译硕士】以下是某外语培训机构的人才理念：我们深谙人才是企业坚若磐石的百年根基、决胜市场的制胜法宝。
我们始终秉承以人为本的人才理念；我们懂得服务客户更要先服务员工；我们求贤若渴、视才如宝。
请为该外语培训机构撰写一篇刊登在报纸上的招聘广告。
结构要求如下：标题、正文、广告口号；字数450字左右。
[考研类试卷]2016年扬州大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc
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[考研类试卷]2016年扬州大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷.doc[考研类试卷]2016年扬州大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷一、Vocabulary1 Our dreams will sometimes be______and our ethereal hopes blasted.（A）smashed（B）shattered（C）crushed（D）squashed2 The attack is being seen as a deliberate attempt to______the peace talks.（A）raze（B）sabotage（C）demolish（D）disintegrate3 —When were your legs injured?—It was on a Sunday last month______my father and I spent our holiday at the seaside. （A）that（B）as（C）while（D）when4 Now the summer is here with more visitors, so the business is______.（B）coming up（C）making up（D）turning up5 On AIDS Day, the minister of Health Department demanded that theproblems______paid special attention to.（A）refer to be（B）refer to being（C）referred to be（D）referred to being6 It rarely changes and it is rarely sufficient to______the constant hunger pains experienced by the children.（A）alleviate（B）remove（C）remedy（D）decompose7 There was an______of good-friendship in the word which fairly warmed the cockles of her heart.（A）exuberance（B）excrement（D）exasperation8 When asked why they use pirated CDs and computer softwares, many people said that the______versions cost too much.（A）artificial（B）authentic（C）available（D）auspicious9 Flowers and fruit have been rendered______by brilliant colours in contrast with the green foliage.（A）perspicacious（B）conspicuous（C）boisterous（D）precarious10 Considering it's the first time I______the painting, it's not bad; however, it is high time I______ something about home-decorating.（A）did; do（B）did; did（C）did; have done（D）have done; did11 Because outlaws were denied protection under medieval law, anyone could raise a hand against them with legal______.（A）authority（B）validity（C）consent（D）impunity12 She surprised us all when she resigned so suddenly, ______she had worked here for more than twenty years.（A）concerning（B）considering（C）regarding（D）supposing13 He is considered to be an outstanding artist, but I consider his work to be quite______.（A）mean（B）common（C）mediocre（D）intermediate14 Almost as a (n) ______to the revival of Greek knowledge and values came the revival of interest in mathematics.（A）consequence（C）corollary（D）end15 Without facts, we cannot form a correct opinion, for we need to have actual knowledge ______our thinking.（A）which to be based on（B）which to base on（C）on which to base（D）which to base16 The lawyers insist — if we make the withdrawal on our own, it could be an admission of error and therefore of______.（A）liability（B）viability（C）plausibility（D）feasibility17 He must exert himself to______so proud a display of resentment; he must get the better of her.（A）submit（B）subdue（C）oppress18 They had all argued so much round their fears and hopes during______that what they wanted was an end of uncertainties.（A）these all few last days（B）all few these last days（C）all these last few days（D）all these few last days19 The ink had faded with time, and so parts of the letter were______.（A）illegible（B）illiterate（C）indelible（D）ineligible20 Besides washing the cut, put some______on it in case you have got some dirt in it.（A）deodorant（C）antiseptic（D）enigma21 ______over everything whenever we want to make a decision, many people believe, and we will have less chance of making mistakes.（A）Think（B）T o think（C）Thinking（D）Thought22 They have produced______.（A）10 as many pianos this month as last month（B）10 pianos this month as many as last month（C）10 pianos more this month than last month（D）10 more pianos this month than last month23 Though environmentalists spoke of an impending disaster, most of the local residents remained______.（A）doubted（B）skeptical（C）dubious（D）suspicious24 An official survey shows that electrical bicycles are now the most potential______to traffic accidents.（A）cause（B）tendency（C）origin（D）invitation25 ______what may, we're not going to make any concessions to his unreasonable demands.（A）Come（C）Coming（D）Having come26 When the Victorians had family reunions, the hosts______their way to entertain the guests.（A）went in for（B）went over（C）went back on（D）went out of27 His prose, while less______than some critics have maintained has no new note in it.（A）ancient（B）antique（C）archaic（D）aboriginal28 We should______with the difficulties we were confronted with.（A）accord（B）acquaint（C）brood（D）contend29 In the muted cloth market, the shop-keepers speak in slow, ______tones, and the buyers follow suit.（A）hoarse（B）measured（C）coarse（D）muttering30 Little is known of his childhood______at a factory at the early age of ten.（A）to begin to work（B）beginning to work（C）save that he began to work（D）provided that he worked二、Reading Comprehension30 There are few more sobering online activities than entering data into college-tuition calculators and gasping as the Web spits back a six-figure sum. But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike many bank stocks, should yield huge dividends.A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the " labor-market premium to skill" —or the a-mount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduate earned — decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with avengeance since the 1980s. In 2005, the typical full-time year-round U. S. worker with a four-year college degree earned $ 50, 900, 62% more than the $ 31, 500 earned by a worker with only a high-school diploma.There's no question that going to college is a smart economic choice. But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choice about which college to attend doesn't come down merely to dollars and cents. Does going to Columbia University (tuition, room and board $49, 260 in 2007-08) yield a 40% greater return than attending the University of Colorado at Boulder as an out-of-state student ($ 35, 542)? Probably not. Does being an out-of-state student at the University of Colorado at Boulder yield twice the amount of income as being an in-state student ($ 17, 380) there? Not likely.No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren't evaluating college as an investment, but rather as a consumer product —like a car or clothes or a house. And with such purchases, price is only one of many crucial factors to consider.As with automobiles, consumers in today's college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. This accounts for the willingness of people to pay more for different types of experiences (such as attending a private liberal-arts college or going to an out-of-state public school that has a great marine-biology program). And just as two auto purchasers might spend an equal amount of money on very different cars, college students (or, more accurately, their parents) often show a willingness to pay essentially the same price for vastly different products. So which is it? Is college an investment product like a stock or a consumer product like a car? In keeping with the automotive world's hottest consumer trend, maybe it's best to characterize it as a hybrid; an expensive consumer product that, over time, will pay rich dividends.31 What's the opinion of economists about going to college?（A）Huge amounts of money are being wasted on campus socializing.（B）It doesn't pay to run into debt to receive a college education.（C）College education is rewarding in spite of the startling costs.（D）Going to college doesn't necessarily bring the expected returns.32 The two Harvard economists note in their study that, for much of the 20th century,______.（A）enrollment kept decreasing in virtually all American colleges and universities（B）the labor market preferred high-school to college graduates（C）competition for university admissions was far more fierce than today（D）the gap between the earnings of college and high-school graduates narrowed33 Students who attend an in-state college or university can______.（A）save more on tuition（B）receive a better education（C）take more liberal-arts courses（D）avoid traveling long distances34 In this consumerist age, most parents______.（A）regard college education as a wise investment（B）place a premium on the prestige of the college（C）think it crucial to send their children to college（D）consider college education a consumer product34 Imagine waking up and finding the value of your assets has been halved. No,you're not an investor in one of those hedge funds that failed completely. With the dollar slumping to a 26-year low against the pound, already-expensive London has become quite unaffordable. A coffee at Starbucks, just as unavoidable in England as it is in the United States, runs about $ 8.The once all-powerful dollar isn't doing a Titanic against just the pound. It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian dollar. Even the Argentine pesoand Brazilian real are thriving against the dollar.The weak dollar is a source of humiliation, for a nation's self-esteem rests in part on the strength of its currency. It's also a potential economic problem, since a declining dollar makes imported food more expensive and exerts upward pressure on interest rates.And yet there are substantial sectors of the vast U. S. economy — from giant companies like Coca-Cola to mom-and-pop restaurant operators in Miami — for which the weak dollar is most excellent news.Many Europeans may view the U. S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. But nothing makes people think more warmly of the U. S. than a weak dollar. Through April, the total number of visitors from abroad was up 6.8 percent from last year. Should the trend continue, the number of tourists this year will finally top the 2, 000 peak? Many Europeans now apparently view the U. S. the way many Americans view Mexico — as a cheap place to vacation, shop and party, all while ignoring the fact that the poorer locals can't afford to join the merrymaking.The money tourists spend helps decrease our chronic trade deficit. So do exports, which thanks in part to the weak dollar, soared 11 percent between May 2006 and May 2007. For the first five months of 2007, the trade deficit actually fell 7 percent from 2006. If you own shares in large American corporations, you're a winner in the weak-dollar gamble. Last week Coca-Cola's stick bubbled to a five-year high after it reported a fantastic quarter. Foreign sales accounted for 65 percent of Coke's beverage business. Other American companies profiting from this trend include McDonald's and IBM.American tourists, however, shouldn't expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up —slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don't turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.35 Why do Americans feel humiliated?（A）Their economy is plunging.（B）They can't afford trips to Europe.（C）Their currency has slumped.（D）They have lost half of their assets.36 How does the current dollar affect the life of ordinary Americans?（A）They have to cancel their vacations in New England.（B）They find it unaffordable to dine in mom-and-pop restaurants.（C）They have to spend more money when buying imported goods.（D）They might lose their jobs due to potential economic problems.37 How do many Europeans feel about the U. S. with the devalued dollar?（A）They feel contemptuous of it.（B）They are sympathetic with it.（C）They regard it as a superpower on the decline.（D）They think of it as a good tourist destination.38 What is the author's advice to Americans?（A）They treat the dollar with a little respect.（B）They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble.（C）Their vacation should be at home rather than abroad.（D）They treasure their marriages all the more.38 What's hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $ 7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality.Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U. S. News & World Report, which he owns. "Our nation's core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating," lamented (哀叹) the 117th-richest man in America. "Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder. Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a raw." He noted that, "Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy."Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckerman's anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. "It's an outrage that any American's life expectancy should beshortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage," said the former chairman of the International Steel Group.What's happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California's governor to offer universal health care, these guys don't need their own personal weathermen to know which waythe wind blows.It's possible that plutocrats are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn't keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that.No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it's likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad. For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that's the real nightmare.39 What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America? （A）The fate of the ultrawealthy people.（B）The disintegration of the middle class.（C）The inequality in the distribution of wealth.（D）The conflict between the left and the right wing.40 What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman's lamentation?（A）Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare. （B）The American economic system has caused companies to go bankrupt.（C）The majority of Americans benefit little from the nation's growing wealth.（D）The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.41 From the fifth paragraph we can learn that______.（A）the very rich are fashion-conscious（B）the very rich are politically sensitive（C）universal health care is to be implemented throughout America（D）Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage42 What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class? （A）They want to gain support for global economic integration.（B）They know that the middle class contributes most to society.（C）They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.（D）They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.42 Like most people, I've long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I'm treated as a person.Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they'd never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, and then beckoned me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I'd been.I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I'd be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from most everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked — cordially.I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.It's no secret that there's a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others' needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn't get the difference between server and servant.I'm now applying to graduate school, which means someday I'll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I'll take themto dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.43 What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?44 How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?45 What does the author imply by saying "...many of my customers didn't get the difference between server and servant"?46 Why does the author say she'll one day take her clients to dinner?三、Writing47 Directions: A report revealing the reduced role of the English test in China's college entrance examination has drawn much public attention. In some provinces, the English test score has been reduced from 150 to 100, and by 2020, the English test will be removed from China's college entrance exam, according to the Ministry of Education. The students will instead be allowed to take two exams a year and pick the best result for their college admission. What do you think of this test reform and what's the possible effect it may produce on our English teaching and learning? Write a composition of about 400 words to clarify your own points of view about this topic You should use your own ideas, knowledge or experience to generate support for your argument Write your answer on the answer sheet (30 points) Note: In the first part of your writing you should state clearly the thesis statement (i. e., your main argument), and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a naturalconclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。
翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识(历史)历年真题试卷汇编2(题
翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识（历史）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题 3. 名词解释 4. 简答题单项选择题1．历史上的“文景之治”、“开元盛世”、“洪武之治”、“康乾盛世”分别出现在我国的( )。
A．清代、明代、唐代、汉代B．汉代、唐代、元代、清代C．唐代、唐代、明代、清代D．汉代、唐代、明代、清代正确答案：D解析：“文景之治”是指中国西汉汉文帝、汉景帝统治时期出现的盛世。
文景时期，推崇黄老治术，采取“轻徭薄赋”“与民休息”等政策，注重以德化民，社会安定，后世把这一时期称为“文景之治”。
“开元盛世”是唐玄宗(李隆基)统治前期所出现的盛世。
开元年间，政治清明，经济迅速发展，提倡文教，使得天下大治，唐朝进入全盛时期，史称“开元盛世”。
“洪武之治”是明朝太祖朱元璋统治时期所出现的盛世。
朱元璋励精图治，发展经济，提倡文教，使得天下大治，后世史学家称其为“洪武之治”。
“康乾盛世”是我国清王朝前期统治下的盛世。
起于康熙二十年平三藩之乱，止于嘉庆元年白莲教起义爆发，是清朝统治的最高峰。
知识模块：历史2．中国近现代史是中国半殖民地半封建社会形成到瓦解的历史，是中国民主主义革命的历史。
这一段历史始于( )。
A．1840年鸦片战争B．1898年戊戌变法C．1911年辛亥革命D．1917年五四运动正确答案：A解析：1840年6月，英国以虎门销烟为借口，发动了对中国的侵略战争—鸦片战争，从此，中国开始陷入半殖民地半封建社会的深渊。
鸦片战争及《南京条约》等一系列不平等条约的签订，标志着中国进入半殖民地半封建社会，是中国近代史的开端。
中国从此进入民主主义革命时期。
知识模块：历史3．商朝最初建都亳，后几度迁都，直到第20位商王( )时，迁都到殷，即现在的河南安阳小屯村，故商朝又称殷朝。
A．太庚B．南庚C．祖庚D．盘庚正确答案：D解析：商朝(约前1556～前1046年)是中国历史上的第二个朝代，由商汤灭夏后在毫(今河南商丘)建立，商纣王于牧野之战被周武王击败，商朝灭亡。
[考研类试卷]2016年扬州大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷.doc
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（A）the Federal Government
（B）the Supreme Court
（C）the Cabinet
（D）the Congress
（A）A simple sentence.
（B）A coordinate sentence.
（C）A complex sentence.
（D）None of the above.
18 In English if a word begins with a [1] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a(n)( ).
[考研类试卷]2016年扬州大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷
一、单项选择题
1下面哪一历史时期不是奴隶制社会?( )
（A）商
（B）秦
（C）周
（D）春秋
2 WHO代表什么世界组织?( )
（A）世界石油输出国组织
（B）世界绿色和平组织
（C）世界卫生组织
（D）世界贸易组织
3中国最大的省级单位( )。
10 “生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄，至今思项羽，不肯过江东。”是谁说的?( )
（A）李清照
（B）陈子昂
（C）屈原
（D）辛弃疾
11 ( ) is the state church in England.
（A）The Roman Catholic Church
（B）The Baptist Church
（C）The Protestant Church
翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识(政治)模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识（政治）模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 单项选择题单项选择题1．下列哪个国家不是联合国常任理事国之一?( )A．英国B．法国C．中国D．德国正确答案：D解析：联合国5大常任理事国包括美国、俄罗斯、中国、法国、英国。
知识模块：政治2．我国的根本政治制度是什么?( )A．人民民主专政制度B．民主集中制C．人民代表大会制度D．多党执政制度正确答案：C解析：人民代表大会制度是中国的根本政治制度，是中国人民民主专政政权的组织形式，是中国的政体，是社会主义上层建筑的重要组成部分。
知识模块：政治3．国际法院设在哪个国家?( )A．英国B．荷兰C．法国D．美国正确答案：B解析：荷兰海牙国际法庭的正式名称是国际法院，是联合国六大机构之一，成立于1946年。
知识模块：政治4．重庆直辖市的设置是由下列哪个机构通过的?( )A．国务院B．全国人民代表大会常务委员会C．全国人民代表大会D．国家主席正确答案：C解析：根据《宪法》第六十二条的规定，全国人民代表大会有权批准省、自治区和直辖市的设置。
因此，重庆直辖市的设置是由全国人民代表大会批准通过的。
知识模块：政治5．某地有一些无经济来源的孤寡残幼，政府关心并对他们提供基本的生活保障，这种情况应属于( )。
A．社会救助B．社会保险C．社会捐助D．社会优抚正确答案：A解析：A项，社会救助又称社会救济，是国家通过国民收入的再分配，对因遭受自然灾害或其他经济、社会原因而无法维持最低生活水平的社会成员给予物质帮助或精神救助，以保障其最低生活水平的制度，题干中的情况正符合；B项，社会保险是国家通过立法，采取强制手段对国民收入进行分配与再分配，形成专门社会保险基金，对劳动者在丧失劳动能力或失业时进行社会帮助以保障其基本生活需求的一种制度；C项，社会捐助是个人或群体基于人道主义精神通过某种途径自愿地向特定组织机构及个人提供无偿的救助及援助的行为，这些援助包括资金、劳务和实物等；D项，社会优抚制度是针对军人及其家属所建立的社会保障制度，是指国家和礼会对军人及其家属提供各种优待、抚恤、养老、就业安置等待遇和服务的保障制度。
翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识(文学艺术)历年真题试卷汇编1.doc
翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识（文学艺术）历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：66.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.下列句子中，没有语病的一句是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.“严打”取得了显著成果，路霸匪患已经肃清或被大部分剿灭B.他体型虽然细长，但体重却只有不足一百斤C.不难看出，他学习成绩不断下降，其根本原因是学习不够刻苦在作怪D.意思的表达要防止对方产生误解和歧义，这是语言的清晰性在消极方面的要求2.我国第一部文学理论评论专著是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.《文心雕龙》B.《汉书》C.《诗品》D.《史记》3.儒家思想在后世不断发展，下列主张哪个具有民主启蒙色彩?( )（分数：2.00）A.民为贵，社稷次之，君为轻B.制天命而用之C.天人感应，君权神授D.为天下之大害者，君而已矣4.“孟母三迁”的故事说明了( )因素对人发展的影响。
（分数：2.00）A.遗传B.环境C.教育D.社会活动5.《清明上河图》，中国十大传世名画之一，是北宋画家( )的杰作。
（分数：2.00）A.米芾B.张择端C.郭熙D.吴道子6.在“精卫填海”的故事里，“精卫”是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.一个巨人B.一只鸟C.一条大鱼D.一条龙7.古代六艺，“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”中的“御”是指( )。
（分数：2.00）A.舞蹈B.下棋C.武术D.驾车8.先秦的春秋战国时期是我国学术和思想蓬勃发展的“百家争鸣”时期，有“九流十家”之说。
一般认为，韩非子是( )的代表人物。
（分数：2.00）A.道家B.法家C.墨家D.兵家9.“初唐四杰”指唐代初年的四位著名诗人，他们是王勃、杨炯、( )和骆宾王。
（分数：2.00）A.陈子昂B.杜审言C.卢照邻D.宋之问10.中国五大剧种包括京剧、越剧、黄梅戏、豫剧和( )。
（分数：2.00）A.秦腔B.河北梆子C.评剧11.被誉为“音乐界奥斯卡”的“格莱美奖”是哪个国家举行的大型音乐评奖活动?( )（分数：2.00）A.法国B.美国C.英国12.英国湖畔派诗人是哪一个文学流派的代表?( )（分数：2.00）A.浪漫主义B.现实主义C.现代主义13.下列有关书画知识的说明中，不正确的是( )。
精选-翻译硕士MIT汉语写作与百科知识样题及答案
翻译硕士《汉语写作与百科知识》样题第一部分百科知识（50’）请简要解释以下段落中划线部分的知识点1. 这次股市波动在全球都有一定的关联影响，这说明全球化在逐步进展。
过去中国认为自己的市场是一个相对比较小型的市场，也是一个正在建设中的、比较幼年的市场，或者说是在转轨经济中逐步发展的新兴市场。
由于全球经济一体化的进展，股市波动相互之间关联密切，这也说明中国的市场还需要加速发展，我们要进一步提高直接融资的比重，进一步把资本市场建设得更好、更快、更加国际化。
关于流动性过剩问题。
流动性偏多是全球的现象，中国也存在流动性偏多的问题。
美国财政赤字那么大，它那儿的流动性也很丰富，产油国资金也很丰富。
因此，资金面上的宽松是全球一体化之下相互影响的现象。
宏观调控当局都应该重视这个问题，做好自己的工作，对于过剩的流动性应该采取稳健的、适当收缩的政策。
2. 端午原是个防病防灾的日子，却因大诗人屈原增添了纪念层面的意义，增添了爱国情怀和报国无门的悲情、齐心协力救助生命的悲壮；因了陶渊明酷爱重阳，因了他酷爱的菊的勾连，重阳节衍生了“颂陶”的文化意蕴，歌颂他“人淡如菊”的精神境界，“重阳无酒”也成了知识分子安贫乐道的形象写真。
3. 1994年起，比尔•盖茨开始了他的收藏爱好。
作为拥有600亿美元财富的收藏者，盖茨想买什么就可以买什么，而他购买艺术品似乎也完全凭个人的兴趣，没有明确的学术或商业性目标。
还有很多不知名的微软富翁也有收藏艺术品的爱好，这些微软人囊中的巨额财富和近乎疯狂的收藏行为对美国艺术市场产生巨大的推动作用，证明了微软公司在文化市场中有多重要。
一个软件公司创造的巨额财富使大量重要艺术作品流向微软人手中，流向西雅图。
4. 2009年3月的全国“两会”上，吴邦国提出，今年要着力加强社会领域立法，继续完善经济、政治、文化领域立法。
社会领域的公平正义，变化并没有那么快，我们只需要翻找出过去的研究和报道，就可以看到今天的问题所在。
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2016年扬州大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：54.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.下面哪一历史时期不是奴隶制社会?( )（分数：2.00）A.商B.秦√C.周D.春秋解析：解析：公元前221年，秦王赢政定都咸阳，建立起中国历史上第一个统一的专制主义中央集权的封建国家。
故本题选B。
2.WHO代表什么世界组织?( )（分数：2.00）A.世界石油输出国组织B.世界绿色和平组织C.世界卫生组织√D.世界贸易组织解析：解析：WHO的全称是World Health Organization，中文名称是世界卫生组织。
WHO是联合国专门机构，总部设在瑞士日内瓦。
世界卫生大会是世卫组织的最高决策机构。
WHO的宗旨是“使全世界人民获得尽可能高水平的健康”。
3.中国最大的省级单位( )。
（分数：2.00）A.新疆√B.西藏C.青海D.内蒙古解析：解析：新疆维吾尔自治区位于祖国西北边陲，面积160多万平方公里，是我国陆地面积最大的省级行政区。
4.《尚书》内容所属的类别是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.哲学散文集B.历史散文集√C.文学散文集D.艺术散文集解析：解析：《尚书》，最早书名为《书》，以记言为主，是现存最早的上古历史文献汇编和历史散文集。
5.《庄子》散文运用的主要手法是( )。
（分数：2.00）A.重言B.卮言C.寓言√D.杂言解析：解析：《庄子》，又称《南华经》，道家经典之一，也是先秦诸子散文的重要著作。
其文学语言有三种表现形式，即寓言、重言、卮言。
寓言即寄托寓意的言论，通过虚构的人物、故事、神话甚至禽言兽语寄寓自己的情思。
这部分言论占全书的十分之九，有“寓言十九，重言十七，卮言日出，和以天倪”之说。
故其散文运用的主要手法是寓言。
6.下面哪一位不是古希腊的三大悲剧家?( )（分数：2.00）A.埃斯库罗斯B.索福克勒斯C.欧里庇得斯D.阿里斯托芬√解析：解析：阿里斯托芬是古希腊著名的喜剧作家，人称“喜剧之父”。
7.下面哪一个不是但丁《神曲》的组成部分?( )（分数：2.00）A.《地狱》B.《炼狱》C.《人间》√D.《天堂》解析：解析：《神曲》是著名意大利诗人但丁创作的长诗。
作品以梦幻故事的形式和隐喻、象征的手法描写诗人梦游三界的过程。
全诗分为《地狱》《炼狱》和《天堂》三部分。
8.巴黎公社成立于( )年。
（分数：2.00）A.1871 √B.1872C.1873D.1874解析：解析：巴黎公社是1871年法国无产阶级暴力推翻资产阶级统治而建立的工人革命政权，是人类历史上第一个无产阶级专政的新型政权。
9.古代六艺，“礼、乐、射、御、书、数”中的“御”是指( )。
（分数：2.00）A.骑马B.杂技C.射箭D.驾车√解析：解析：《周礼》中的六艺，指礼、乐、射、御(驭)、书、数六个科目，是周代培养士大夫作为基础教养必须掌握的科目。
礼是仪式、行为方式，乐是音乐、舞蹈，射是射箭，御是驾车，书是书法，数是算术。
10.“生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄，至今思项羽，不肯过江东。
”是谁说的?( )（分数：2.00）A.李清照√B.陈子昂C.屈原D.辛弃疾解析：解析：“生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄，至今思项羽，不肯过江东。
”出自宋代女词人李清照的《夏日绝句》。
11.( ) is the state church in England.（分数：2.00）A.The Roman Catholic ChurchB.The Baptist ChurchC.The Protestant ChurchD.The Church of England √解析：解析：根据英国历史，从英王亨利八世时代起，为脱离罗马教皇的统治，改以Anglican Church(也称the Church of England)为英国国教，即英格兰教会代表英国的国教会。
12.The Declaration of Independence was written by( ).（分数：2.00）A.Thomas Jefferson √B.George WashingtonC.Alexander HamiltonD.James Madison解析：解析：《美国独立宣言》由托马斯.杰斐逊起草，1776年7月4日大陆会议通过。
它是英属北美13个殖民地反对英国殖民统治、宣布独立的纲领性文献。
13.According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested in( ). （分数：2.00）A.the Federal GovernmentB.the Supreme CourtC.the CabinetD.the Congress √解析：解析：美国宪法规定立法权属于国会。
14.The capital of Scotland is( ).（分数：2.00）A.GlasgowB.Edinburgh √C.ManchesterD.London解析：解析：苏格兰的首府是爱丁堡(Edinburgh)。
15.( ) is defined as an expression of human emotion which is condensed into fourteen lines. （分数：2.00）A.Free verseB.Sonnet √C.OdeD.Epigram解析：解析：十四行诗(Sonnet)是欧洲的一种抒情诗体。
意大利的彼特拉克是最早的著名十四行诗诗人。
意大利体的十四行诗由两节四行诗和两节三行诗构成。
16.The distinction between parole and langue was made by( ).（分数：2.00）A.HallidayB.ChomskyC.Saussure √D.Bloomfield解析：解析：此题考查语言流派代表人物及其观点。
索绪尔把言语活动分为“语言(langue)”和“言语(parole)”。
语言指语言系统的整体，这个整体相对是比较稳定的；言语则指代某个个体在实际语言使用环节中说出的具体话语，是随时间和地点变化的一个动态、偶然性很大的实体。
17.What type of sentence is "Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry"?( )（分数：2.00）A.A simple sentence.B.A coordinate sentence. √C.A complex sentence.D.None of the above.解析：解析：句子为but连接的并列句(a coordinate sentence)。
18.In English if a word begins with a [1] or a [r], then the next sound must be a vowel. This is a(n)( ).（分数：2.00）A.assimilation ruleB.sequential rule √C.deletion ruleD.grammar rule解析：解析：序列规则(sequential rule)是指关于音与音之间的结合原则。
在英语中，如果一个单词以[l]或者[r]开头发音，那么下一个音一定是元音。
19."The lettuce was lonely without tomatoes and cucumbers for company" is an example of( ). （分数：2.00）A.exaggerationB.understatementC.personification √D.synecdoche解析：解析：句子将生菜(lettuce)与西红柿(tomatoes)和黄瓜(cucumbers)拟人化，用陪伴一词使其具有人的特点。
20.Which of the following is NOT a romantic poet?( )（分数：2.00）A.William Wordsworth.B.George Elliot. √C.George C. Byron.D.Percy.B.Shelley.解析：解析：乔治.艾略特(George Elliot)是19世纪英国最杰出的作家之一。
21.Death of a Salesman was written by( ).（分数：2.00）A.Arthur Miller √B.Ernest HemingwayC.Ralph Ellis onD.James Baldwin解析：解析：《推销员之死》是美国剧作家阿瑟.米勒(Arthur Miller)的成名作。
22.Which of the following novelists wrote The Sound and the Fury?( )（分数：2.00）A.William Faulkner. √B.Ernest Hemingway.C.Scott Fitzgerald.D.John Steinbeck.解析：解析：《喧哗与骚动》是美国小说家威廉.福克纳(William Faulkner)的代表作。
小说描写了南部庄园主康普生家庭的衰亡过程。
23.The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by( ) .（分数：2.00）A.William LanglandB.Geoffrey Chaucer √C.William ShakespeareD.Alfred Tennyson解析：解析：《坎特伯雷故事集》(The Canterbury Tales)是英国作家、诗人杰弗雷.乔叟(GeoffreyChaucer)最重要的作品。
24.William Sidney Porter, known as 0. Henry, is most famous for( ).（分数：2.00）A.his poemsB.his playsC.his short stories √D.his novels解析：解析：欧．亨利(0．Henry)，原名威廉.西德尼.波特，是20世纪初美国最著名的短篇小说家。
其主要作品有《麦琪的礼物》《警察与赞美诗》等。
25.The novel Sons and Lovers was written by( ).（分数：2.00）A.Thomas HardyB.John GalsworthyC.D. H. Lawrence √D.James Joyce解析：解析：《儿子与情人》(Sons and Lovers)是英国作家戴维.赫伯特.劳伦斯(D．H．Lawrence)创作的一部长篇小说。