2019年4月上海市高等教育自学考试各专业课程考试-上海教育考试院
2019年4月自学考试英语(二)答案与真题解析
2019年4月全国高等教育自学考试00015《英语（二》真题与答案解析第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后列出了 10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。
在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
My BrotherMy brother is off at college, and at age 14, I miss him terribly. My brother is a rare kind of guy. He’s smart and kind. And my friends say he5s lovely. But it’s how he handles things and how he treats his friends and his family that make me feel more proud.He applied to 14 colleges. He was accepted by all but one, the one he wanted, Brown University. So he took his second choice, and off he went to a first year. When he came home for summer vacation, he said he’d move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job, and do whatever he could to become known in the area. He'd work his heart out and do his best at everything. Someone, he was sure, would notice. This was a big deal for my parents as it meant agreeing to a year without college. But they trusted him and encouraged him to do whatever he thought it would take to realize his dream.It wasn’t long before he was hired as an amateur (业余的）play director at Brown. Now was his chance to shine, and shine he did. He put every bit of himself into the job. He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.And, sure enough, at the end of the year, when he reapplied to Brown, he was accepted. We were all happy, but for me the happiness went very deep. I had learned an important lesson—a lesson no one could have taught me with words. If I work hard for what I want, and if I keep trying after I’ve been turned down, my dreams can also come true. This is a gift I still hold in my heart.1.My brother had many good qualities.A.TrueB. FalseC. Not Given【答案】A【解析】题目中原句的意思是我的哥哥有很多好品质。
2019年上海市高考数学真题试题含答案
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）学一、填空题（本大题共12题，满分54分，第1-6题每题4分，第7T2题每题5分）123456789（4 分）己知集合 A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5）, B = {3, 5, 6},则 A B =（4分）计算lim（4分）不等式|x + l|<5的解集为.（4分）函数f （x ） = x 2（x>0）的反函数为・（4分）设，为虚数单位，3z-i = 6 + 5i ,贝！J |z|的值为（4分）己知J2x + 2； = T,当方程有无穷多解时，。
的值为_.[4x + a y = a（5分）在3 + *）6的展开式中，常数项等于.（5 分）在 AABC 中，AC = 3, 3sinA = 2sin3,且 cosC = -,则 AB=4 ----（5分）首届中国国际进口博览会在上海举行，某高校拟派4人参加连续5天的志愿者活动,其中甲连续参加2天，其他人各参加1天，则不同的安排方法有—种（结果用数值表示）_2_10.（5分）如图，已知正方形OABC ,其中OA = a （a>l ）,函数j = 3x 2交BC 于点P,函数y = G交AB 于点！2，当\AQ\ + \CP\最小时，则。
的值为.11. （5分）在椭圆七+匕=1上任意一点F, Q 与P 关4 2于x 轴对称，若有F {P F 2P… 1,则gP 与乙。
的夹角范围为.12. （5 分）已知集合A = [t, z + 1] [r + 4, t + 9], 0",存在正数九，使得对任意aeA,都有-eA,贝!U 的值a是.二、 选择题（本大题共4题，每题5分，共20分）13. （5分）下列函数中，值域为[0, +8）的是（ ）2A. y = 2xB. y = x 2C. y = tan xD. y=cosx14. （5 分）己知 a 、beR,则" a 2>b 2 "是"\a\>\b\"的（ ）A.充分非必要条件B.必要非充分条件C.充要条件D.既非充分又非必要条件15. （5分）已知平面a 、§、/两两垂直，直线a 、b 、c 满足：aga , b g 0 , cc.y ,则直线a 、b. c 不可能满足以下哪种关系（ ）A.两两垂直B.两两平行C.两两相交D.两两异面16. （5分）以（％, 0） , （a 2, 0）为圆心的两圆均过（1,0）,与y 轴正半轴分别交于, 0） , （y 2,0）,且满足lny }+lny 2=O,则点（―,—）的轨迹是（）A.直线B.圆C.椭圆D.双曲线三、 解答题（本大题共5题，共14+14+14+16+18 = 76分）— 3n +1/ — 4〃+117. (14 分)如图，在正三棱锥P-AB C 中，PA = PB = PC = 2,AB = BC = AC = @(1) 若正3的中点为M, BC 的中点为N ,求AC 与A/N 的夹角；(2) 求P-AB C 的体积.18. (14分)已知数列｛%｝, %=3,前〃项和为S 广(1) 若｛弓｝为等差数列，且％=15,求& ;(2) 若｛%｝为等比数列，且limS… <12,求公比g 的取值范围.n —>oo19. (14分)改革开放40年，我国卫生事业取得巨大成就，卫生总费用增长了数十倍.卫生 总费用包括个人现在支出、社会支出、政府支出，如表为2012年-2015年我国卫生货用中 个人现金支出、社会支出和政府支出的费用(单位：亿元)和在卫生总费用中的占比.(数据来源于国家统计年鉴)(1) 指出2012年到2015年之间我国卫生总费用中个人现金支出占比和社会支出占比的变化 趋势：(2) 设，=1表示1978年，第〃年卫生总费用与年份f 之间拟合函数的)=*2盟 研究 函数/■①的单调性，并预测我国卫生总费用首次超过12万亿的年份.年份卫生总费用(亿元)个人现金卫生支出社会卫生支出政府卫生支出绝对数(亿元)占卫生总费用比重(％)绝对数(亿元)占卫生 总 费用比重(%绝对数(亿元))占卫 生 总 费 用 比 重(%)201228119. 009656. 3234. 3410030.7035. 678431. 9829. 99201331668.9510729.3433.8811393.7935. 989545.8130. 14201435312. 4011295.4131.9913437. 7538. 0510579. 2329. 96201540974. 6411992.6529. 2716506. 7140. 2912475. 2830. 4520. (16分)已知抛物线方程尸=4了，F 为焦点，P 为抛物线准线上一点，。
2019年上海市春考高考英语真题试卷(精校Word版含答案)【可修改文字】
可编辑修改精选全文完整版上海市普通高校春季招生统一文化考试第I卷（共100分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.Her working all day long. B.The family reunion.C.The annoying housework.D.The intense schedule.2. A.The kids were frightened by the movie.B.The kids enjoyed the movie.C.The movie is not suitable for kids to see.D.The movie is quite boring.3. A.She is drinking tea at a table. B.She is interested in reading magazines.C.She likes the pictures in the magazines.D.She doesn’t know any Chinese.4. A.Supermarket. B.Drug store. C.Barber shop. D.Shopping center.5. A.He likes cooking food himself. B.He thinks frozen food is healthier.C.He accepts the woman’s invitation.D.He prefers to buy frozen food.6. A.A full-time student. B.An exchange student.C.A visiting scholar.D.A part-time student.7. A.She is bossy. B.She is shy.C.She is arrogant(傲慢的).D.She is trustworthy.8. A.He’s a teacher. B.He’s a writer.C.He’s a businessman.D.He’s a journalist.9. A.1 hour. B.2 hours. C.3 hours. D.4 hours.10. A.The bad weather stopped him. B.His shoes were worn out.C.He didn’t like the hiking trip.D.He’s too tried to continue.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear two passages and one longer conversation.After each passage or conversation,you will be asked several questions.The passages and conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A.They became more active in water.B.Symptoms of depression disappeared.C.Their digestion developed.D.They suffered from depression.12. A.Neon lights. B.Kindle screens.C.Overweight.D.Closed window curtains.13. A.Turn off all the electronic devices. B.Read a book and drink some water.C.Take some sleep pills.D.Go on a diet and lose some weight. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.71% of the poor live a day with less than ten dollars.B.The population of people live in poverty has decreased in the past decade.C.Economic growth has made global poverty worse than before.D.The middle class are now one step away from poverty.15. A.The middle class has expanded in the 111 countries.B.The number of middle class has increased but it is not a global phenomenon.C.Great progress has been made for the people in poverty with impressive results.D.Once getting out of poverty,those people will live a better life.16. A.The middle class would not allow those poor to make a better living.B.Whatever progress is made,nothing will be changed.C.Good changes are too tiny to make those poor live a totally different life.D.Developed countries suffer from the question from both poverty and the middle class. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A.A thunderstorm accident. B.A cable emergency.C.An appointment on Saturday.D.A computer system breakdown.18. A.Lightning. B.Power failure. C.Cable cut. D.System failure.19. A.Plug the TV off. B.Keep the cable connected.C.Stay at home.D.Call the cable center for sure.20. A.On Saturday morning. B.On Saturday afternoon.C.On Tuesday morning.D.On Tuesday afternoon.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.My Kid-Free LifeI had expected to have more free time after my sons,Evan and Alex,each left for college,and I do.The kitchen calendar looks spare.Rarely (21)__________ I need to prepare family dinner every day.There is a lot (22)__________ (little) laundry.When the boys were infants,I wondered how I (23)__________ (spend) all the hours before they were born.(24)__________ __________ I have those hours back,I can focus on my own needs.I had also expected to worry about them when they were away.And I do.Did they get their flu shots(流感疫苗注射)?Will they remember the talks about “good choices”?On the other hand,the worry is mixed with relief.I have seen (25)__________ vigorously they grow without me.Do I missed them?Yes.Both more and less than I’d guessed.Do I feel united for having lost myprimary role in life?No,because over the year,I took great pride (26)__________ the fact that my identity was not dependent on theirs.But,surprisingly,yes.(27)__________ (be) a different kind of mother defines me now.The missing comes at unexpected moments:seeing the school bus drive by,starting to put too many plates on the table...When they have doubts about friendships or job prospects,I can only say, “I’m sure you will figure it out.”And yet,the spaces (28)__________ (empty) by loss are more than filled by what I’ve found.I now have the chance (29)__________ (see) them as the whole world does but also like no one else ever will.As adults I happened to help create.The rooms (30)__________ the boys used to live look vacant.I feel sadness but also joy.I knew they would leave,but they will find their way back.My home is empty.But overflowing.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Palaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It’s easy to defend a fortress(堡垒),but fortresses are not designed with the comfort of a king or queen in mind. When it comes to structures that are both (31)__________ and well-fortified, the classic Europe castle is the pinnacle(小尖顶) of design. Across the ages castles changed, developed, and eventually fell out of use, but they still command the (32)__________ of our culture.Castles were (33)__________ built in England by Norman invaders in 1066. As William the Conqueror (34)__________ through England, he fortified key positions to secure the land he had taken. The castles he built allowed the Norman lords to retreat to safety when threatened by English (35)__________. Castles also served as bases of operation for offensive attacks. Troops were summoned to, organized around, and deployed from castles. In this way castles served both (36)__________ and defensive roles in military operations.Not limited to military purposes, castles also served as offices from which the lord would administer control over his fiefdom(领地). That is to say, the lord of the land would hold court in his castle. Those that were socially beneath the lord would come to report the affairs of the lands that they (37)__________ and pay tribute to the lord. They would (38)__________ disputes, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities. In this way castles served as important social centers in medieval England. Castles also served as symbols of power. Built on prominent sites (39)__________ the surrounding areas, castles constantly loomed in the background of many peasants' lives and served as a daily (40)__________ of the lord's strength.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Humans hate markedly to give workers more than they deserve,and indeed many will settle for less to compensate work equitably.But is this impulse (41)__________?Perhaps not,says psychological scientist Marie Schafer in Germany.According to Schafer,nobody has ever looked at how young children from different (42)__________ think about merit when sharing rewards.There is reason to suspect that meritocracy may be more of a Western concept and value,so she and several colleagues decided to put this to the test,studying the (43)__________ of children,four to 11 years old,in three different cultures.The idea was to test how much the children valued merit.So each child was given a number of sweets equal to the total number of fish in the catch,and was told to distribute the sweets any way he or she wanted—without adults in the room to influence them.If they valued merit,children should (44)__________ the sweets according to shares of the catch.That is,if they had landed the same number of fish,they wold choose to reward each one (45)__________,but if one fared much better at fishing,rewards would also be disproportionate.In the case where they were simply given the fish,rewards should be unrelated to catch size—since no effort was involved.(46)__________ matters.That’s the main finding among many from the study,as described in a forthcoming issue of the journal Psychological Science.The German children distributed the spoils of the day precisely in proportion to (47)__________,even when this meant a very unbalanced distribution of rewards.By contrast,children from the two rural African forager(狩猎) societies barely took merit into consideration at all.These findings suggest that the basic notion of merit and distributive justice is far from universal in our species,and that (48)__________ is culturally defined.But why?The scientists offer some (49)__________ on this.It could be that in large-scale societies like Germany,a meritocracy is (50)__________ for regulating transactions between people who don’t know each other and may not interact again.The focus is on equitable interactions,because things won’t be “evened out”in the future.In small scale societies,(51)__________,most exchanges take place between people who are (52)__________ with one another.It may be more important in such societies to build long-term relationships based on equity—rather than to insist on equity in a single transaction.In egalitarian forager societies,such as the Haillom,(53)__________ is an important leveling mechanism,(54)__________ asymmetries in wealth and increasing harmony.Children may internalize these social values early on,and apply them even when the fishing trip is (55)__________.41. A.unblocked B.universal C.unconscious D.unique42. A.cultures B.cases panies D.aspects43. A.mood B.behavior C.emotion D.habit44. A.collect B.load C.stress D.distribute45. A.really B.deliberately C.equally D.happily46. A.Scene B.Object C.Culture D.Trend47. A.productivity B.benefit C.interest D.survey48. A.tiredness B.business C.thickness D.fairness49. A.feelings B.thoughts C.lives D.emotions50. eful B.major C.small D.important51. A.in a word B.in addition C.by contrast D.what’s more52. A.familiar B.delighted C.satisfied D.same53. A.cooperating B.smiling C.equaling D.sharing54. A.forcing B.judging C.balancing D.experiencing55. A.creative B.imaginary C.innovative D.logicSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)We Have a Painter to Thank for YellowstoneBefore artist Thomas Moran set foot in the park,it was seen as an unhappy place.After,it was market as a wonderland.Before Thomas Moran arrived,Yellowstone in the popular imagination was a harsh,will place pocked with hellish geysers.After the painter’s work was finished,Yellowstone was established as a national park and marketed as a wonderland.In 1871 Moran and photographer William Henry Jackson had joined the first U.S. government survey of the region.For two weeks Moran filled a sketchbook with the landscape’s most stunning sights.The survey results,Jackson’s photos,and Moran’s watercolors—the first color renderings of the area—were presented to Congress that fall. “The photographs were proof that what the artist was showing really existed,”says Eleanor Harvey,senior curator at the Smithsonian American Art Museum.In March 1872 lawmakers officially made Yellowstone a national park,the world’s first.By April,Moran had transformed some of his sketches into a 7-by-12-foot painting.The gold-splattered valley and billowing Lower Falls of “The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone”attracted the public. “It is too grand and wonderful for words,”declared the Ladies’Repository that August, “and none can ever judge of its wonders from any engraving or photograph in mere black and white.”Though Moran later painted Lake Superior,the Grand Canyon,and the Rockies,hsi reputation was so intertwined with Yellowstone that he took to signing his paintings “TYM,”for Thomas “Yellowstone”Moran.56.What can we know about Yellowstone according to the passage?A.It was a popular park with geysers before Thomas Moran finished transformation.B.It was an imagination of a harsh and wild place.C.It became a national park with the efforts of Moran and Jackson.D.It is an attractive grand valley.57.What does the “pocked” mean in the first sentence (paragraph 2)?A.Packed.B.Dotted.C.Blocked.D.Stuck.58.What are the characteristics of Thomas Moran’s paintings about Yellowstone Park?A.Paying attention to color rendering of paintings.B.His magnificent and wonderful paintings.C.His reputation closely linked to Yellowstone Park.D.His paintings with nothing special.59.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.The Significance of Thomas Moran’s paintings to Yellowstone Park.B.How Yellowstone Park is established as a National Park.C.The Great Painter—Thomas Moran.D.The process of Yellowstone Park being labelled as a fairyland.(B)Why UPS Trucks (Almost) Never Turn LeftBy favoring right-hand turns at all times—unless a left is unavoidable—the carrier saves millions of gallons of fuel each year,and avoids emissions equivalent to over 20,000 passenger cars.The practice started decades ago,before computers and GPS,and is now managed by a software that conjures the most efficient route for each truck.What’s wrong with turning left?Left-hand turns are generally considered unsafe and wasteful on right-hand driving roads,such s those in the U.S.“Left-turning traffic typically has to turn against a flow of oncoming vehicles,”explains Tom Vanderbilt,author of the book “Traffic:Why we drive the way we do.”“This can not only be dangerous,but makes traffic build up,unless you install a dedicated left-turn ‘phase’,which is fine but basically adds 30 or 45 seconds to everyone else’s single time,”he said.A study on crash factors in intersection-related accidents from the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Association shows that turning left is one of the leading “critical pre-crash events”(an event that made a collision inevitable),occurring in 22.2 percent of crashes,as opposed to 1.2 percent for right turns.About 61 percent of crashes that occur while turning or crossing an intersection involve left turns,as opposed to just 3.1 percent involving right turns.Left turns are also three times more likely to kill pedestrians than right ones,according to data collected by New York City’s transportation planners.The right way to save fuel“A left-hand turn is also less fuel efficient,”said Jack Levis,UPS Senior Director of Process Management, “because your car’s idling(未熄火) longer,which is also not good for your vehicle.”（此处应有图片）UPS does not ban left turns outright,says Levis: “We will make left hand turns,but not ones that are unnecessary.We don’t need to go in circles all day long by making only right hand turns.We have tools analyze the number of left hand turns for each route,and we can work out which ones are avoidable.”The procedure is now incorporated in most countries around the world.To this end,the carrier created its own maps,which it says are more accurate that commercially available ones: “We can differentiate more important left-hand turns from unimportant ones.Google Maps has no concept of not making a left-hand turn,it just shows the most direct way to reach your destination.We have the ability to penalize some of those,”Levis told CNN.The system knows about parking lots,private driveways,variable speed limits and roads that are inaccessible for a truck.The software can give an undesirable left turn a penalty that adds 20 seconds to the estimated route time.In that case,going around the block and turning always right might offset that 20-second penalty: “We were able to turn off left hand turns,” said Levis.Taking a longer route while still saving time and fuel might sound confusing,even to UPS drivers,according to Vanderbilt: “I’ve actually been to UPS’s logistics center and discussed this with their lead engineers,”he said.“A lot of individual drivers felt the new routing software was making their trips longer,but they were later proven wrong.This is the thing about traffic,it’s such a complex system that often the individual cannot get a sense of the overall efficiency of the system,and optimize accordingly.It’s also one of the counter intuitive, ‘slower-is-faster’ effects you often see in traffic.”The rule,says Levis,can also be applied to left-hand driving countries,such as Australia and the UK,where it discourages right-hand turns.60.How much resources can UPS trucks save by avoiding turning left?A.UPS trucks will consume millions of gallons of fuel.B.The emission of UPS trucks is equivalent to that of over 2000 passenger cars.C.UPS trucks estimate to save 100,000 metric tons of CO2 emission a year.D.UPS trucks estimate an increase of 6 to 8 miles per route.61.In Tom Vanderbilt’s View,how to Deal with the Left Turn Problem in the United States?A.Install a dedicated left turn phase.B.Traffic planners manage road conditions.C.Operators make their own traffic maps.D.National policy encourages left turn of vehicles.62.Which of the following options is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A.It’s unsafe to turn left on right-hand driving roads.B.Turning left is resource-efficient on right-hand driving roads.C.Left turning is likely to cause traffic accidents.D.Left-turn is discouraged in all countries.(C)“Is data the new oil?”asked proponents of big data back in 2012 in Forbes magazine.By 2016,and the rise of big data’s turbo-powered cousin deep learning,we had become more certain: “Data is the new oil,”stated Fortune.Amazon’s Neil Lawrence has a slightly different analogy:Data,he says,is coal.Not coal today,though,but coal in the early days of the 18th century,when Thomas Newcomen invented the steam engine.A Devonian ironmonger,Newcomen built his device to pump water out of the south west’s prolific tin mines.The problem,as Lawrence told the Re-Work conference on Deep Learning in London,was that the pump was rather more useful to those who had a lot of coal than those who didn’t:it was good,but not good enough to buy coal in to run it.That was so true that the first of Newcomen’s steam engines wasn’t built in a tin mine,but in coal works near Dudley.So why is data coal?The problem is similar:there are a lot of Newcomens in the world of deep learning.Startups like London’s Magic Pony and SwiftKey are coming up with revolutionary new ways to train machines to do impressive feats of cognition,from reconstructing facial data fromgrainy images to learning the writing style of an individual user to better predict which word they are going to type in a sentence.And yet,like Newcomen,their innovations are so much more useful to the people who actuall copious(丰富的) amounts of raw material to work from.And so Magic Pony is acquired by Twitter,SwiftKey is acquired by Microsoft and Lawrence himself gets hired by Amazon from the University of Sheffield,where he was based until three weeks ago.But there is a coda to the story:69 years later,James Watt made a nice tweak to the Newcomen steam engine,adding a condenser to the design.That change,Lawrence said, “made the steam engine much more efficient,and that’s what triggered the industrial revolution.”Whether data is oil or coal,then,there’s another way the analogy holds up:a lot of work is going into trying to make sure we can do more,with less.It’s not as impressive as teaching a computer to play Go or Pac-Man better than any human alive,but “data efficiency”is a crucial step if deep learning is going to move away from simply gobbling up oodles of data and spitting out the best correlations possible.“If you look at all the areas where deep learning is successful,they’re all areas where there’s lots of data,”points out Lawrence.That’s great if you want to categorize images of cats,but less helpful if you want to use deep learning to diagnose rare illnesses. “It’s generally considered unethical to force people to become sick in order to acquire data.”63.According to the passage,why data is seen as the new coal?A.It can drive the steam engine to pump water.B.It can help people make more coals.C.It can help the areas of deep learning.D.It can help cure diagnose rare illnesses.64.According to Lawrence,why big data is less helpful to diagnose rare illnesses?A.Because there is no such demand.B.Because it can only use to categorize images of cats.C.Because it’s unethical to acquire data by forcing people to become sick.D.Because it needs too much data.65.Which areas are most likely to be successful in in-depth learning?A.Some small start-ups.B.Areas with large amounts of data.C.Coal and Petroleum Development Field.D.Areas for tackling rare diseases.66.According to the content of the article,which is NOT TRUE about the big data?A.We still have a lot of work to study the big data.B.It requires countless data to be collected.C.The purpose of studying big data is to save parents’ costs.D.“Data efficiency” is a critical step to explore more data.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Shared decision making requires you to be an active participant.Politicians and policymakers are discussing what parts of the Affordable Care Act to change and what to keep.While most of us have little control over those discussions,there is one health care topic that we can control:what we talk about with our doctor.The Institute of Medicine (IOM) released the landmark publication Crossing the Quality Chasm 15 years ago.The report proposed six aims for improvement in the U.S. health system,identifying that health care should be patient-centered,safe,effective,timely,efficient and equitable.The idea that health care should be patient-centered sounds obvious,but what does that mean?The IOM defines it as care that is “respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences,needs,and values”and that ensures “patient values guide all clinical decisions.”For this to truly happen,doctors’ appointments need to cover more topics than how one is feeling and what can be done.Does your doctor know your values?(67)__________ Fewer than half of people report that their physician or other health care provider asks about their goals and concerns for their health and health care.Your doctor can discuss medical tests and treatments without knowing your life goals,but sharing your values and needs with your doctor makes discussions and decisions more personalized and may lead to better health.How does patient-centered care happen?In order for your health care to center around you,your doctor needs to know your values,preferences and needs.Everyone is different.(68)__________As a neurologist,when I’m working with a 76-year-old widow whose main goal is to remain independent in her home,we frame her care in that context.(69)__________ We discuss how a walker helps her be more independent rather than less,as she can move around her home more safely.When a stressed college student comes to my office for a bothersome tremor,his preference is to avoid medications that he might forget to take or that might harm his school performance.This guides our discussion of the pros and cons of different options,including using medications but also doing nothing,an option that almost half of patients feel strongly should always be discussed.(70)__________ In sharing their values and goals with me,these individuals enabled a health care approach that respected their needs and also responded to their life circumstances.IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.To Laugh Is HumanMost of us don’t know why we laugh at some jokes and not at others.Scientists know that we are able to laugh at birth.Babies begin to laugh at three to four months of age,well before they produce their first words.What scientists are interested in is why we laugh.Scientists believe humans laugh with others primarily because it makes us feel connected with one another,which in turn gives us a sense of trust and comfort.To scientists,laughter is anunconscious reaction;consequently,when we laugh,others can be certain that it is an hones reaction,and honesty is key when building and maintaining friendships.Since laughter is seen as a social signal that we send to others,it can also help explain why it is so infectious.Studies have proven that when people see or hear something funny,they are 20 times more likely to a laugh when they are with others than when they are alone.Wanting to be accepted by others is part of human nature.And mirroring other people’s laughter is a way to signal to others that you feel the way they do,which makes us feel more connected with one another. Humans have not always laughed just so they can feel closer to others,however.Scientists point out that this social function of laughter was born out of an even more fundamental human ughter,they believe,came about because it contributed to our very survival as a species.Scientists assume that sharing laughter ensured our ancestors a higher survival rate because it led to greater cooperation between individuals.Humans learned quickly that greater cooperation led to survival,and the brain in turn realized that laughing with others increased out chances of finding people to cooperate,hunt,eat,live,and eventually,survive with.第II卷（共40分）V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.少喝含糖饮料，否则你会容易发胖。
上海市高等教育自学考试课程免考规定
上海市高等教育自学考试课程免考规定（年月修订）为适应我国高等教育改革发展形势的需要，经上海市高等教育自学考试委员会研究决定，对上海市高等教育自学考试（下称：上海市高教自考）课程免考的有关规定作以下修订：一、国家教育部承认学历的各类高等教育专科及以上毕业生参加上海市高教自考各专业专科（含基础科段）的考试，可以免考下列课程：、“思想道德修养与法律基础（）”、“毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和三个代表重要思想概论（）”、“法律基础和思想道德修养（）”、“大学语文（）”。
、已取得合格成绩的、要求相同的相关公共基础课。
目前上海市高教自考专科专业开设的公共基础课包括：“英语（一）（）”、“计算机应用基础（含实践）（，）”、“高等数学（一）（）”和“高等数学（工专）（）”。
二、国家教育部承认学历的各类高等教育本科及以上毕业生参加上海市高教自考各专业独立本科段（含本科段）的考试，可以免考下列课程：、“中国近现代史纲要（）”和“马克思主义基本原理概论（）”。
、已取得合格成绩的、要求相同的相关公共基础课。
目前上海市高教自考本科专业开设的公共基础课包括：“英语（二）（）”、“日语（二）（）”、“计算机应用基础（含实践）（，）”、“概率论与数理统计（经管类）（）”、“线性代数（经管类）（）”、“高等数学（工本）（）”、“物理（工）（含实践）（，）”。
三、国家教育部承认学历的各类高等教育专科及以上毕业生可免考与原所学专业相应的公共基础课。
如英语类专业毕业生可以免考“英语（一）（）”、“英语（二）（）”等课程；日语类专业毕业生可以免考“日语（二）（）”课程；计算机类专业毕业生可以免考“计算机应用基础（含实践）（，）”课程；物理类专业毕业生可以免考“物理（工）（含实践）（，）”课程等等。
四、国家教育部承认学历的各类高等院校的本、专科在校生、肄业生和退学生参加上海市高教自考各专业的考试，凭原就读高校的校级学籍管理部门出具的学籍证明和成绩单，可以免考已取得合格成绩的且专业层次相同的公共政治课和其他公共基础课。
上海高等教育自学考试
上海高等教育自学考试上海市高等教育自学考试会展策划与管理专业（专科）（640301）会展实务（03879）自学考试大纲上海应用技术大学自学考试办公室编上海市高等教育自学考试委员会组编2019年版Ⅰ、课程性质及其设置的目的和要求一、本课程的性质与设置的目的本课程是会展策划与管理专业实践能力训练课程，属于实践课程范畴。
本课程的设置，旨在通过专业实践活动，帮助学生综合运用所学会展专业知识与技能，密切联系会展活动的实际，领会和掌握会展策划与管理所需要的综合知识与专项技能，使学生在实践中融会贯通，全面提升其对专业知识的理解能力、运用能力和执行能力。
具体包括以下几个方面：第一，通过本课程训练，考生应全面提高自身的理论联系实际能力，考生能运用前期所学专业知识解决专业问题。
第二，通过本课程训练，考生能运用会展策划、调研、营销、执行、绩效评估和团队管理的知识技能开展专业实践，在实践中及时记录，及时总结，使会展专业的实践能力得到有效地提升。
第三，通过本课程训练，考生在计算机信息收集、多媒体技术、创意策划与设计、沟通能力、文字表达和写作能力等方面达到会展策划与管理专业的要求。
二、本课程的基本要求本课程是通过对会展管理的策划、执行、评估等多个环节的调研对考生展开的综合教育，考生可以通过对有关专业技术知识的学习如设备管理、人员管理、财务管理、现场管理等方面工作的原则、政策、管理知识，以及专业外语、应用文写作能力的提高，达到人才培养的规格标准。
本课程要求学生结合自身工作有针对性地进行选题，开展实践，并结合实际工作进行总结和提炼，避免题目和内容的雷同，突出实践的特殊性、针对性与专业性。
三、与相关课程的联系会展实务是高等教育自学考试会展策划与管理专业考生在学习核心专业课程后，进行的一个实践性教学环节。
本课程考核应着眼于考生前期所学的理论知识与专业技能知识，有针对性开展专业实践活动，提高考生理论与实践相结合的能力，以及解决会展策划与管理中的实际问题的能力。
全国2019年4月自考学前教育学试题和答案
C.抽象逻辑思维D.形式运算思维
正确答案：B（1分）教材P291
23.在园所与家庭的相互配合工作中，教师要坚持【 】
A.园所对家长的领导地位B.园所对家长的主导地位
C.尊重家长，确立家长的主体地位D.家长对园所的主导地位
正确答案：C（1分）教材P324
24.“十年树木，百年树人”说明教师劳动的特点是【 】
C.1996年D.2000年
正确答案：C（1分）教材P257
18.1-2岁的婴儿主要的活动形式是【 】
A.集体性活动B.个别活动
C.小组活动D.班级活动
正确答案：B（1分）教材P235
19.幼儿园教育是我国学制的【 】
A.义务教育阶段B.基础教育阶段
C.可有可无阶段D.福利教育阶段
正确答案：B（1分）教材P257
20.学前班幼儿发展的评价主要是通过【 】
A.测验
B.评价幼儿学习文化知识、算算术、认字的水平
C.考试
D.幼儿在教育教学过程中的表现
正确答案：D（1分）教材P319
21.对幼儿进行常规培养的基本方法是【 】
A.游戏法B.移情法
C.故事法D.讲解示范法
正确答案：D（1分）教材P285
22.中班幼儿思维的特点是【 】
C.商品交换的活动D.传递知识的活动
正确答案：A（1分）教材P4
2.“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”以及孟母三迁的故事都在说明【 】
A.天然环境对儿童的影响B.人工环境对儿童的影响
C.精神环境对儿童的影响D.物质环境对儿童的影响
正确答案：C（1分）教材P16
3.决定教育发展的规模和速度是【 】
A.经济发展B.文化水平
2023年下半年上海市高等教育自学考试上海外国语大学各专业课程考试日程安排表
2023年下半年上海市高等教育自学考试上海外国语大学各专业课程考试日程安排表
2023年下半年上海市高等教育自学考试上海外国语大学各专业课程考试日程安排表（第一周）
2023年下半年上海市高等教育自学考试上海外国语大学各专业课程考试日程安排表（第二周）
2023年下半年上海市高等教育自学考试上海外国语大学各专业课程考试日程安排表（第三周）
说明：1. 带“★”专业为系统委托开考或与系统合作开考专业，具体报名办法请向专业主考学校询问。
2. 注有“停考过渡”字样的专业已停止接纳新考生报考，进入停考过渡期。
3. 带“*”课程为全国统考课程；带“▲”课程为华东区统考课程；红色字体为市级开考课程。
4. “英语”专业中的“教育学（一）”课程仅限在职教师报考。
5. 表中“专升本”专业开考的课程名称后加“（J）”者，为该专业不同类别考生的加考课程。
2019年4月自学考试09277教师职业道德与专业发展试题及答案
全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试教师职业道德与专业发展试题课程代码：09277一、单项选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分，在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。
1、教育部召开第一次全国教育工作会议的时间是（A）A、1949年12月B、1950年12月C、1969年12月D、1979年12月2、提出“教育要面向现代化，面向世界，面向未来”的是（B）A、毛泽东B、邓小平C、江泽民D、胡锦涛3、角色冲突、角色模糊以及角色过度负荷属于影响教师心理健康因素的（B）A、个人因素B、职业因素C、工作环境因素D、社会因素4、新时期教师职业道德修养的前提和基础是（A）A、树立科学的世界观和人生观B、加强学习C、认真开展批评和自我批评D、投身实践5、与道德的自律性相联系的教师职业道德教育原则是（D）A、引导性原则B、连贯性原则C、差异性原则D、内化性原则6、在教师职业道德评价活动中，以既定的目标为标准，对评价对象达成目标的程度进行的评价，这属于（A）A、绝对评价B、相对评价7、自我反思是教师职业生涯设计的基础，最早对反思进行描述的是（C）A、布鲁纳B、陶行知C、杜威D、波斯纳8、教育伦理中的“至善”，即人的全面和自由发展，是教师职业道德评价的（D）A、一般标准B、现实标准C、具体标准D、最高标准9、只要有人，有人的生活，就一定会有道德存在并起着作用，这体现道德的（C）A、特殊的规范性B、极大的稳定性C、广泛的渗透性D、显著的实践性10、低自尊的老师在应对工作和人际关系上的挫折时会比高自尊的老师更（D）A、客观B、自信C、积极D、敏感二、判断选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分，判断下列每小题的正误正确的将答题卡上该小题的“[A]”涂黑，错误的将“[B]”涂黑。
11、1902年，张骞创办的通州师范学校，是我国最早的师范学校。
答：B12、教师是专业性职业。
答：A13、素养和素质在词义上没有太大区别，因此二者可以等同。
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2019年4月上海市高等教育自学考试各专业课程考试日程安排表（第二周）
说明：1. 带“★”专业为系统委托开考或与系统合作开考专业，具体报名办法请向专业主考学校询问。
2. 注有“停考过渡”字样的专业已停止接纳新考生报考，进入停考过渡期。
3. 带“*”课程为全国统考课程；带“▲”课程为华东区统考课程。
红色字体为市级开考课程。
4. “英语”专业中的“教育学（一）”课程仅限在职教师报考。
5. 表中“独立本科段”、“专升本”专业开考的课程名称后加“（J）”者，为该专业不同类别考生
的加考课程。
6. 根据相关文件精神，课程名称后加“（Z）”者，纳入4月和10月的自学考试整体开考计划，因
此考试时间调整为2小时30分钟。