市场营销原理principles of marketing
principles of marketing

Principles of MarketingMarketing is a broad field that involves various activities aimed at promoting products or services to consumers. To achieve success in marketing, it is essential to understand and apply the key principles that guide effective marketing strategies. In this document, we will discuss the fundamental principles of marketing and how they can be applied to drive business growth.1. Customer OrientationOne of the primary principles of marketing is customer orientation. This principle emphasizes the importance of understanding and meeting customer needs and wants. Successful marketers strive to create products or services that provide value to customers and address their specific preferences and desires. By focusing on the customer, businesses can build strong relationships, increase customer loyalty, and ultimately drive sales.2. Segmentation, Targeting, and PositioningAnother crucial principle in marketing is segmentation, targeting, and positioning (STP). The market is diverse, and targeting all consumers with a single marketing strategy may not be effective. Therefore, marketers use segmentation to divide the market into distinct groups based on demographics, psychographics, or behavior.After segmenting the market, marketers select specific target segments that align with their business goals andcapabilities. Once the target audience is identified, positioning comes into play. Positioning involves creating a unique and compelling brand image in the minds of consumers, differentiating the product or service from competitors. By leveraging STP, marketers can develop tailored marketing campaigns that resonate with the target audience, leading to higher engagement and conversion rates.3. Marketing MixThe marketing mix is a set of core elements that marketers manipulate to achieve their objectives. It consists of the four Ps: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. These elements work together to create a comprehensive marketing strategy.•Product: This element focuses on developing and offering products or services that meet customer needs. It includes product design, features, packaging, quality, andbranding.•Price: The price element involves determining the optimal pricing strategy for a product or service. It takesinto consideration factors such as production costs,competitor pricing, and perceived value by customers.•Place: This element refers to the distribution and availability of the product or service. It involves selectingappropriate distribution channels and ensuring that theproduct is accessible to the target audience.•Promotion: Promotion encompasses all activities that communicate and promote the product or service tothe target audience. It includes advertising, public relations, sales promotions, and direct marketing.By carefully managing the marketing mix, businesses can create a compelling offering that attracts customers and drives sales.4. Integrated Marketing CommunicationIntegrated Marketing Communication (IMC) is the concept of coordinating all marketing communication efforts to deliver a consistent and unified message. This principle recognizes that customers receive information through various channels, and consistency across these channels is crucial for effective marketing.IMC involves integrating different communication tools, such as advertising, public relations, sales promotions, and direct marketing, to create a seamless and synchronized message. By coordinating these efforts, businesses can reinforce their message, enhance brand awareness, and establish a strong brand identity in the minds of consumers.5. Continuous Monitoring and AdaptationMarketing is not a one-time effort but an ongoing process that requires continuous monitoring and adaptation. Successful marketers regularly track key performance indicators, market trends, and customer feedback to evaluate the effectiveness of their strategies. They are also prepared to make necessary adjustments to their marketing plans to stay relevant and meet changing consumer demands.Continuous monitoring enables businesses to identify opportunities, identify potential pitfalls, and optimize their marketing efforts in real-time. By staying agile and responsive, marketers can maintain a competitive edge, improve customer satisfaction, and drive long-term business growth.In conclusion, these principles of marketing provide a foundation for creating effective marketing strategies. By putting the customer at the center, segmenting the market, leveraging the marketing mix, implementing integrated marketing communication, and continuously monitoring and adapting, businesses can effectively promote their products or services, engage their target audience, and achieve their marketing objectives.。
市场营销原理principles of marketing

“通才教育”与“职业教育”
2019年5月14
感谢你的观看
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三、理念基础 营销观念Marketing Concept
3、销售观念 (Selling Concept) (推销观念)
时代背景:20世纪20年代末到二战结束前。 泰罗的“科学管理” 社会产品增多;消费水平低,市场萧条, 产品积压;尤为30年代大危机。 公司重视销售,增设销售机构和销售人员。如美皮尔斯堡面粉公 司第一次成立了商情调研部门,加销队伍。 口号:“本公司旨在销售面粉”。“能销售什么就生产什么……”
广泛应用:竞选等非营利机构,发表演说与选民握手,亲吻儿童, 捐赠
局限:只顾销售不顾售后满意。
2019年5月14
感谢你的观看
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三、理念基础 营销观念Marketing Concept
4、市场营销观念(Marketing Concept)
时代背景: 二战后尤为50年代后,市场环境发生变化
2、无需求——刺激营销既无负需求也无正需求,漠不关心,需
刺激。
3、潜在需求)—— 开发性营销如对折叠自行车的需求
2019年5月14
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四、营销管理
各种需求状况及其相应的营销任务:
4、衰退需求
——恢复性营销(remarketing)
5、不规则需求
——同步营销 季节、日期等
公司高级管理对销售的描述:”不是到外面兜售“而仅仅是”从 柜台上寄给顾客“,亨利.福特曾傲慢地说”不管顾客需要什么, 我们的汽车就是黑色的“
买得起:成本高,价格高,提高生产率,降低成本,扩销路。
福特的营销哲学:努力使T型车达到完美,从而降低成本使更多
市场营销原理(第13版)终稿

和
第1章 营销:创造和获取顾客价值
市 场 营 销 原 理
• 学习目标
定义市场营销,并指出市场营销过程的步骤。 解释理解顾客和市场的重要性,比较五个核心的市场概念。 识别顾客导向的市场营销战略的关键要素,讨论指导营销战略的营销管理导向。 讨论顾客关系管理,解释为顾客创造价值并获得顾客回报的战略。 描述在关系时代推动市场营销变革的主要趋势和力量。
(推销观念采用由内而外的视角。相反,市场营销观念采用由外而内的视角。)
起点 推销观念 工厂 中心 现存产品 手段 推销和促销 目的 通过提高销 量获得利润 通过创造顾客 满意获得利润
营销观念
市场
顾客需求 图1-3
整合营销 推销观念和营销观念比较
11
PRINCIPLES
OF
MARKETING.
第1章 营销:创造和获取顾客价值
15
PRINCIPLES
OF
MARKETING.
第1章 营销:创造和获取顾客价值
市 场 营 销 原 理
顾客感知价值(customer-perceived value)指与其他竞争产品相比,顾客拥有或使用某一种市场提供物的总利益与 总成 本之间的差异。 顾客满意(customer satisfaction)取决于顾客对产品的感知效能与顾客预期的比较。
﹡客户关系水平与工具
公司能够根据目标市场的特点,将客户关系划分为不同的等级:一种极端的情况是,拥有众多低毛利顾客的公司会 追求与他们建立基本关系。另一种情况是,拥有毛利很高但数量少的顾客的公司则希望与关键顾客建立充分关系。 为建立客户关系,公司可以在财务性和社会性利益之外,增加结构性纽带。
从顾客处获得价值回报
从顾客处获得价 值以创造利润和 顾客权益
市场营销原理principlesofmarketing

市场导向定价
根据市场需求和竞争情况 制定定价策略,以吸引目 标顾客。
差异化定价
通过产品特性和品牌形象 来创造高附加值,并实施 溢价定价策略。
渠道设计与管理
渠道选择
了解不同渠道的优缺点,并选 择最适合产品的分销渠道。
供应链管理
探讨供应链管理的重要性,并 优化供应链以提供高效的产品 分发。
客户关系管理
建立和维护良好的客户关系, 提供优质的客户服务。
市场传播与推广
1 传播渠道
选择适合目标受众的传 播渠道,通过广告、公 关和促销等手段传达营 销信息。
2 品牌推广
制定品牌推广策略,增 强品牌知名度和品牌形 象。
3 社交媒体营销
利用社交媒体平台进行 精准定位和有效推广, 与目标顾客进行互动。
产品策周期的不同阶段,并针对每个阶段制定相应的发展策略。
2
新产品开发
学习新产品开发的流程,从市场需求分析到产品设计和测试。
3
产品定价
确定产品定价策略,考虑成本、竞争市场和目标顾客的需求。
定价策略与方法
成本导向定价
根据产品成本和期望利润 确定最低价格,以确保盈 利。
握调查、观察和数据分析等工具。
3
市场细分
了解如何将大市场划分为细分市场, 更好地满足不同目标受众的需求。
消费者行为研究
了解消费者心理和决策过程,探究市 场需求的根源。
目标市场选择
市场定位
买家人格
确定目标市场并制定定位策略, 使产品与竞争对手区别开来。
创建买家人格,理解目标受众 的特征和行为,以更精确地满 足他们的需求。
市场营销原理 Principles of Marketing
探索市场营销的基本原理和概念,从市场分析到品牌管理,了解市场营销策 略和方法,打造成功的营销计划。
PrinciplesofMarketingOutline营销学原理题纲

Chapter 1Marketing: Managing Profitable Customer Relationships一What Is Marketing?1.Definition2.The Marketing Process3.Wavy’s preferred definition二Understanding the Marketplace and Customer Needs1.Customer Needs, Wants, and Demand2.Market Offerings—Product, Services, and Experiences3.Customer Value and Satisfaction4.Exchanges and Relationships5.Markets are the set of actual and potential buyers of a product6.Marketing systemElements of a Marketing System三Designing a Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy1.Marketing management2.Selecting Customers to Serve3. Market segmentationTarget marketing4.Choosing a Value Proposition5.Marketing Management OrientationsProduction conceptProduct conceptSelling conceptMarketing conceptSocietal concept四Building Customer RelationshipsCustomer Relationship Management (CRM)Chapter 2Company and Marketing Strategy:Partnering to Build Customer Relationships一Companywide Strategic Planning: Defining Marketing’s Role1.Strategic Planning for a businessStrategic Planning2.Steps in the Strategic Planning Process3. Defining a Market-Oriented Missiona)The mission statementb)Market-oriented mission statementSetting Company Objectives and Goalsa)Business objectivesb)Marketing objectivesDesigning the Business Portfolio1)Definition1)Analyzing the business portfolio1)Strategic business unit (SBU)1)The Boston Group Approacha.Growth share matrixa.SBUs are classified as: Stars; Cash cows; Questionmarks; Dogs.Developing Strategies for Growth and Downsizinga)Product/market expansion gridb)P roduct/market expansion grid strategiesi.Market penetrationi.Market developmenti.Product developmenti.Diversification二Marketing Strategy and the Marketing Mix1.Marketing Strategy1.Customer-Centered Marketing StrategyMarket segmentationMarket segmentTarget marketingMarket positioning1.Developing the Marketing MixThe Four PsThe 4 Ps versus The 4 Cs三.Managing the Marketing Effort1.The Marketing Effort1.Marketing Analysis1.SWOT AnalysisChapter 4Managing Marketing Information一Assessing Marketing Information Needs Marketing information system (MIS)二Developing Marketing InformationMarketing ResearchDefinitionSteps in the marketing research processa)Defining the problem and research objectivesb)Developing the research planc)Implementing the pland)Interpreting and reporting the findingsChapter 5Consumer Markets and Consumer Buyer Behavior 一Model of Consumer Behavior二Characteristics Affecting Consumer BehaviorFactors Influencing Consumer Behavior三Types of Buying Decision Behaviorplex Buying Behavior1.Dissonance-Reducing Buying Behavior1.Habitual Buying Behavior1.Variety-Seeking Buying Behavior四The Buyer Decision Process1.Post-Purchase DecisionCustomer satisfactionNew productAdoption process1.Stages in the Adoption ProcessAwarenessInterestEvaluationTrialAdoption1.Individual Differences in InnovationEarly adoptersEarly majorityLate majorityLaggards1.Adoption Categorization on the Basis of Relative TimeAdoption of InnovationsChapter 7Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy:Creating Value for Target CustomersChapter Concepts:(1)Market Segmentation(2)Market Targeting(3)Differentiation and Positioning一Market Segmentation1.Definition1.Segmenting Consumer Markets1. Geographic segmentation1. Demographic segmentation1. Psychographic segmentation1. Behavioral segmentation1.Requirements for Effective SegmentationMeasurableAccessibleSubstantialDifferentiableActionable二Market Targeting1.Evaluating Market Segments2.Target Marketing StrategiesDepends on:Company resourcesProduct variabilityProduct life-cycle stageMarket variabilityCompetitor’s marketing strategies三Differentiation and Positioning1.Product position2.Choosing a Target Market3.Choosing a Differentiation and Positioning Strategy4.Choosing the Right Competitive Advantage5.Developing a Positioning StatementChapter 8Product, Services, and Branding Strategy一What Is a ProductProducts, Services, and Experiences二Services MarketingNature and Characteristics of a ServiceIntangibilityInseparabilityVariabilityPerishability三What Is a Product1.Levels of Product and Services2.Product and Service Classificationsanizations, Persons, Places, and Ideas四Product and Services Decisions1.Individual Product and Service Decisions1.Product Line Decisions1.Product Mix Decisions五Branding Strategy: Building Strong Brands1.Definition of Brand equity and Customer equity2.Brand strategy decisions include:3. Brand positioning4. Brand name selection5. Brand sponsorship6. Brand developmentChapter 9New-Product Development and Product Life-CycleStrategies一New-Product Development Strategy1. A firm can obtain new products through:2. Acquisition3. New-product development4.Reasons for new product failure二New-Product Development Process1.Major Stages in New-Product Development2.Idea Generation3.Concept Development and Testing4.Marketing Strategy Development三New-Product Development ProcessCommercialization四Managing New-Product DevelopmentSuccessful new-product development should be:Customer centeredTeam centeredSystematic五Product Life-Cycle Strategies1.Product Life Cycle2.Production Life-Cycle Stages3.Modifying Strategies4.Production Life-Cycle Stages六Additional Product and Service Considerations1.Product Decisions and Social Responsibility2.International Product and Service MarketingChapter 10Pricing ConceptsUnderstanding and Capturing Customer Value Chapter Outline1.What Is a Price?2.Factors to Consider When Setting Prices一What Is a Price?Definition二Factors to Consider When Setting Prices1.Customer Perception of Valuepany and Product Costs1.Costs at Different Levels of Production1.Costs as a Function of Production Experience1.Break-Even Analysis and Target Profit Pricing1.Other Internal and External Consideration Affecting PriceDecisionsChapter 11Pricing Products: Pricing Strategies Chapter Outline1.New-Product Pricing Strategies2.Product Mix Pricing Strategies3.Price Adjustment Strategies4.Price Changes5.Public Policy and Pricing一New-Product Pricing StrategiesPricing StrategiesMarket skimming pricingMarket penetration pricing二Product Mix Pricing Strategies1.Product line pricing2.Optional product pricing3.Captive product pricing4.By-product pricing5.Product bundle pricing三Price Adjustment Strategies1.Discount and allowance pricing2.Segmented pricing3.Psychological pricing4.Promotional pricing5.Geographical pricing6.Dynamic pricing7.International pricing四Price Changes1.Initiating Pricing ChangesPrice cutsPrice increases2.Buyer Reactions to Pricing Changes3.Responding to Price Changes五Public Policy and Pricing1.Pricing Within Channel LevelsPrice fixingPredatory pricing2.Pricing Across Channel LevelsRobinson Patman ActRetail (resale) price maintenance。
市场营销原理读后感800字

市场营销原理读后感800字After reading the principles of marketing, I was truly amazed by the depth and complexity of the subject. It is fascinating how marketing strategies can influence consumer behavior and drive sales in the competitive business landscape. From understanding consumer needs to creating brand awareness, marketing plays a crucial role in the success of any product or service.阅读了市场营销原理后,我对这个学科的深度和复杂度感到惊讶。
市场营销策略可以如何影响消费者行为,推动销售在竞争激烈的商业环境中脱颖而出,这确实很迷人。
从了解消费者需求到创建品牌知名度,市场营销在任何产品或服务的成功中都起着至关重要的作用。
One of the key takeaways from the book is the importance of market segmentation. By dividing the market into smaller, more manageable segments, companies can tailor their marketing efforts to specific groups of consumers. This allows for more targeted messaging and product offerings, ultimately leading to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty.书中的一个重要启示是市场细分的重要性。
市场营销原理精华

市场营销原理(principles of Marketing)菲利普·科特勒什么是营销?营销是在某种利润水平下让顾客满意。
目标包括:向顾客承诺高价值来吸引新顾客,以及让顾客满意来留住现有顾客。
今天,营销不能再按传统的方式理解为‚劝说和推销‛,而应是满足顾客需求,如果营销人员能够很好地理解消费者的需要,开发出具有较高价值的产品,并能有效的定价、分销和促销,那么他们就很容易销售这些产品。
因此,推销和广告只是广泛的‚营销组合‛中的一部分,而营销组合则是一组共同作用以满足顾客需求和建立顾客关系的营销工具。
宽泛的讲,营销是通过创造和交换产品及价值,从而使个人或群体满足欲望和需要的社会和管理过程。
更深一层,我们可以讲营销(Marketing)定义为:企业为了从顾客身上获得利益回报,创造顾客价值和建立牢固顾客关系的过程。
营销过程了解市场及顾客需求和欲望↓设计顾客驱动的营销战略↓构建传递卓越价值的营销方案↓建立有利可图的关系,并使顾客满意↓从顾客身上收获价值,从而创造利润和顾客资产了解市场和消费者需求营销的基石是人类的需要。
需要(need):指人们感到缺乏的一种状态。
需要不是营销人员创造的,而是人类所固有的。
欲望(want):由人所在的社会决定,由满足需要的东西表现出来。
当考虑到支付能力的时候,欲望就转换为需求(demand)。
营销供给物——产品、服务、体验营销供给物(marketing offer)是提供给某个市场来满足某种需要和欲望的产品、服务、信息和体验的组合。
营销供给物不局限于实体产品,还包括那些用来出售的不可触摸、也不会设计所有权的服务、活动和利益。
许多销售商过多的注重实物产品本身,而忽视了产品所提供的利益,这往往会导致错误。
这些销售商得了‚营销近视症‛。
正是由于这些营销人员被直接欲望所驱动,忽视了对用户需要的仔细分析,他们忘记产品只是消费者用来解决问题的工具。
例子:1、钻头制造商可能认为用户想要的是钻头,但事实上,用户真正想要的是孔。
市场营销原理英文Kotler_pom16e_inppt_04

Kotler and Armstrong
Chapter 4:
Managing Marketing Information
to Gain Customer Insights
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
Internal Data Competitive Marketing Intelligence
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
4--18
Managing Marketing Information
to Gain Customer Insights
Learning Objective 3 • Outline the steps in the marketing research process. Marketing Research
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
4-9
Marketing Information and Customer Insights
Managing Marketing Information
FIGURE | 4.1 The Marketing Information System Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
Copyright © 2016 Pearson Education, Inc.
4-19
Marketing Research
Marketing research is the systematic design, collection, analysis, and reporting of data relevant to a specific marketing situation facing an organization.
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二、概念基础
(一)市场、市场营销与市场营销学
1、市场 market
(分工、前身、概念分析)
我国古代文献《易经》
总结:“市场营销是企业的
2、市场营销 marketi营 务ng销 从活 生动 产, 者是到引消导费商者品或或使劳用
引导产品与劳务从生产者流向消费者者的或企使业用整者体的活企动业(活销动售。活
市场营销是引导产品及劳务从生动产,者4至p策消略费)者,或通使过用满者足的顾企
原理知识——知道为什么(Know-Why) 是自然原理与规律的科学知识
技能知识——知道怎样运用(Know-How) 是做一些事物的技能和能力
人力知识——知道谁有知识(Know-Who) 是有关知识在哪里的信息
docin/sundae_meng
为什么学营销
三、管理
“ 最早出美国,二战后美对倒闭
企业调查,91.7%管理不善。 先进技术;科学管理
docin/sundae_meng
为什么要学营销? (学习的重要性))
四、改革 现代企业制度的十六个大字:
产权清晰、权责明确、政企分开、管理 科学
原体委主任吴杰的观点 现代产权制度的十六字方针:归属清 晰、权责明确、保护严格、流转顺畅
docin/sundae_meng
重要性
五、营销专家对营销的评说
业活动,以满足顾客并实现企业目客标需求来实现企业利润目标
市场营销是一个完整的企业活动即以计划、“产。品、定价、推
广与分销来满足现在与未来过客的市需场求营 销 的 起 点 、 中 心 、 市求与场欲营望销。是一种人类活动,通过对 力 式交)强象易求、而终 、引点 乞起讨(满恳自足求行消创、费造交者易、的方暴需
正因为需要和欲望的无限性为分析中国腐败分子的腐败行为 提供了理论基础——高学历腐败现象: 武汉大学:张二江——“五毒书记”——吹、卖(官)、嫖、 赌、贪——性贿赂 北京铁道学院:成克杰——严重受贿犯罪 清华大学:慕绥新——“大哥大”市长 中国对外经济贸易大学: 王雪冰——“优雅的沦落” 清华大学:李嘉廷——“典范” 人民大学:梨元江——媒体圈大丑闻 北京大学:陈希同——堕落
科特勒博士的著作甚多,被翻译为20多种语言, 成为58个国家的营销从业人员的营销宝典。其中《营 销管理》一书更是被奉为营销学的圣经。其它被采用 为教科书的还有:《非赢利机构营销学》、《新竞争 与高瞻远瞩》、《国际营销》、《营销典范》、《营 销原理》、《社会营销》、《旅游市场营销》、《市 场专业服务》以及《教育机构营销学》、《亚洲新定 位》和《营销亚洲》。
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警钟长鸣
(二)需要、欲望和需求(needs\wants\demands) (三)产品、商品和劳务(Product\merchandise\ rent service) (四)价值、满意和质量(Value\ satisfaction\ quantity) (五)交换、交易和关系 (exchange\tranzaction\relationship)
市场营销原理
principles of marketing
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课前的话
许多优秀的企业都是奉行市场营销观念的。如日本本田汽 车公司要在美国推出一种雅阁牌新车。在设计新车前,他 们派出工程技术人员专程到洛杉矶地区考察高速公路的情 况,实地丈量路长、路宽,采集高速公路的柏油,拍摄进 出口道路的设计。回到日本后,他们专门修了一条9英里 长的高速公路,就连路标和告示牌都与美国公路上的一模 一样。在设计行李箱时,设计人员意见有分歧,他们就到 停车场看了一个下午,看人们如何放取行李。这样一来, 意见马上统一起来。结果本田公司的雅阁牌汽车一到美国 就倍受欢迎,被称为是全世界都能接受的好车。
知识是力量 无知的旅行者犹如没有翅膀的一样 日本的野间清治认为,人生成功的
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学习的重要性 (marketing)
•二、适应新经济时代的要求 • 三种经济形态
• 三次经济革命 • 人类文明的三次浪潮 • •
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知识的形态:
事实知识——知道是什么(Know-What) 是关于事实方面的知识
现代市场营销是一门内涵十分丰富的科学 市场营销立足于人类营销的实践活动以其高屋建瓴的 思想理念,独特而系统的理论和方法 现在,市场营销学所阐释的有关企业营销活动的原理、 思想、方法已被公认为工商界人士必备的专业知识。 一项调查显示,企业家普遍认为,不懂市场营销就无 法维持企业的生存和发展。 70年代对美国主要公司的总经理的一项典型调查得出 结论:任何企业管理人员,如果没有营销学知识,就 不可能取得成功。
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二、概念基础
(二)需要、欲望和需求 (needs\wants\demands) (三)产品、商品和劳务 (Product\merchandise\ rent service) (四)价值、满意和质量 (Value\ satisfaction\ quality) (五)交换、交易和关系 (exchange\tranzaction\relationship)
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营销大师介绍——菲利普•科特勒
菲利普科特勒“对全球经济发展对具影响力的十 位管理大师之一”,被称为“现代营销之父”。他多 次获得美国国家级勋章和褒奖,包括“保尔D康弗斯 奖”、“营销卓越献奖”、“查尔斯库利奇奖”。他 是美国营销学会(AMA)第一届“营销教育奖”的获得 者,也是至今唯一3次获得过《营销杂志》年度最佳 论文奖――阿尔法卡巾帕普西奖(Alpha Kappa Psi Award)的人。
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•课程理论体系(框架)
基础理论
核心概念 营销观念
需求分析 市场细分 目标市场 市场定位
战略理论
策略理论
产品策略 定价策略 分销策略 促销策略
营销计划 营销组织 营销控制 营销审计
管理理论
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ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
一、认识基础
——为什么要学营销(学习的重要性)? 一、获取新知识