高中定语从句讲义
高中定语从句讲义(精编)
定语（一）定义及相关术语1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
(定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
)2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：特别提示：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。
)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。
)（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语, 不可省略。
①The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩②Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人③Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.④That is the teacher who teaches us physics.2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
高中定语从句讲义(学生用)
高考定语从句专题讲解（一）定义及相关术语需要理解的概念定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。
主要有形容词此外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。
①数词作定语相当于形容词Two boys need two pens.（two修饰名词boy：two修饰名词pen）/两个男孩需要两支钢笔。
②代词或名词所有格作定语His son needs Tom's pen.（his修饰名词son；Tom’s修饰名词pen）/他的儿子需要Tom的钢笔。
③介词短语作定语The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.（in the classroom 修饰名词boy；of yours 修饰名词pen）/教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。
④名词作定语The boy needs a ball pen.（ball修饰名词pen）/男孩需要一支圆珠笔。
⑤副词作定语The boy there needs a pen.（there修饰名词boy）/那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。
⑥不定式作定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.（to write this letter 修饰名词boy）/写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。
⑦分词（短语）作定语The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.（smiling 修饰名词boy；bought by his mother修饰名词pen）/那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
⑧定语从句The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.（who修饰名词boy；which 修饰名词pen）/那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句全面详细讲解高中定语从句详细讲解一、定义及相关术语定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在先行词之后。
先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that。
which。
who。
whom。
whose。
as等；关系副词有when。
where。
why 等。
关系词有三个作用：引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
例如：The man who is XXX。
这句话中，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：XXX are from Class One。
正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。
想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。
昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the XXX。
那就是教我们物理的老师。
2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。
例如：Mr。
Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。
XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。
XXX正是我想要见的男孩。
The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。
你正在等的教授已经来了。
The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。
She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class.The man you just met is my old friend。
高中数学定语从句语法讲义
高中数学定语从句语法讲义1. 什么是定语从句？定语从句是一个从句，在句中做修饰限制主句中名词或代词意义的作用。
它通常紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
2. 定语从句的构成定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系代词包括：that、which、who、whom、whose；关系副词包括：where、when、why。
3. 关系代词的使用3.1 that- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰人和事物。
- 既可以修饰名词，也可以修饰整个句子。
- 不能在定语从句中作主语。
- 可以用于修饰指示代词this、that、these、those。
3.2 which- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰事物。
- 不能引导修饰人的定语从句。
- 不能用于修饰指示代词this、that、these、those。
3.3 who/whom- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰人。
- who作主语，whom作宾语。
- 可以用于修饰指示代词this、that、these、those。
3.4 whose- 用来引导限制性定语从句，表示所属关系。
- 修饰名词或代词。
4. 关系副词的使用4.1 where- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰地点名词。
4.2 when- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰时间名词。
4.3 why- 用来引导限制性定语从句，修饰原因名词。
5. 定语从句的位置- 定语从句可以放在被修饰名词的前面或后面，取决于具体语境。
6. 例句1. The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.2. The house where they used to live is now for sale.5. This is the car whose owner is my neighbor.以上是关于高中数学定语从句的语法讲义。
定语从句在句子中起着修饰限制作用，通过使用不同的关系代词或关系副词来引导，对名词进行补充说明。
高中定语从句课件PPT(条理清晰)
常见关系词：that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, as
先行词与关系词的联系
• 1）"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关 系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说， 关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从 句中来起作用。例如：
二：先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时，例如：
This is the most impressive TV theater that has never been put on show before. 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。
That is the only way that leads to your success . 那是通向你成功的唯一之路。
Do you know the man whom you just spoke to? 错误：I have no idea about the man whom wrote the article.
• 关系代词whose ：用于代替"表示人或物意义"的 先行词，在从句中作定语，往往与它所修饰的名 词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分。 Whose常表达"某人的、某物的"之意。例如：
• 2）“先行词”的意义决定“关系词”的选择“关 系词”的选择往往是由“先行词”自身表达的意 义，以及它在从句中的语法功能而决定的。例如：
• Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.
高中定语从句语法讲解 优质课件
从句结构不完整，缺成分！用关系代词！
先行词+关系词+句子 定语从句的结构
关系代词
人：who whom that 物：which that xx的：whose
I like those books whose topics are about history.
先行词是物，关系代词作从句的定语， 译为“....的”,在这里是“书的（主题）”。
12. I’ll never forget the day _w_h_e_n_ she won the game.
Summary and Homework
listen to the music and find out all attributive clause:
#1 My Love -Westlife #2 Rhythm of the Rain - The Cascades #3 Valder Fields - Tamas Wells #4 All Too Well - Taylor Swift
I came to the city where you live.
①找出句中的先行词（时间/地点/原因），关系词和从句， ②判断从句结构是否完整。
I came to the city where you live. I will never forget the autumn when I met Tom. Tell me the reason why you like math!
This is the place that/whic（h we visited last time.）
从句缺少宾语，关系代词在从句中作宾语
This is the place where（we visited my grandparents last time.） 从句不缺少句子成分
2023届高考英语语法定语从句考点归纳分析讲义
2023年高中英语语法定语从句考点归纳分析两组易混关系代词的用法与辨析一、that与which两者都可指物，常可互换，其区别是:(1)引导非限制性定语从句或直接放在介词后作宾语时，要用which。
如:Peter drove too fast.which was dangerous.彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。
This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论的问题。
(2)当先行词为不定代词或被其修饰、受the very, the only,the same 等修饰、受形容词最高级或序数词(包括last, next)等修饰、关系代词在定语从句中用作表语或先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that。
如:All that can be done must be done. 凡能做的事都必须做。
This is the only book (that) I find useful.这是我发现的惟一有用的书。
The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan.你应该做的第一件事是订个计划。
China is not the country(that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。
2.as与which(1)引导限制性定语从句时，在 such.as，the same 后只能用 as，其他情况用 which。
如:He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。
He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford.他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。
(2)引导非限制性定语从句时，有时两者可互换，但若位干主句之前，则只能用as。
如:I live along way from work, as [which] you know. 我住得离工作单位很远，这你是知道的。
高中英语语法讲解定语从句课件(共53张PPT)
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
1.that 与which
1.This is the best TV _______ that is made in China. that he 2.The first museum _______ visited in China was the History Museum.
先行词被形容词最高级 或序数词修饰时，引导 定语从句多用that 。
引导定语从句用that .
1.that 与which 1.Who that _______ you have ever
know can do it better ?
Who做先行词时， 引导定语从句用 that
1.that 与which
1.Her bag, in ________ which she put all her money, has been stolen. which she 2.This is the ring on ________ spent 1000 dollars. 3.Xiao Wang , with ________ I went whom to the concert, enjoy it very mue is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as
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英语的句子成分及基本结构首先,我们来看一下英语当中词的词性 (part of speech)( n. ) apple, flower, student, adult, advertisement……这些是 _________词(pron.) I, you, we, myself, ourselves……这些是 ________词( v. ) work, run, read, abandon, beg……这些是 __________词( adj.) excited, important , central……这些是 ________词, 常用来修饰 _______________( adv.) fast, hard, happily, out, away…这些是 ________词, 常用来修饰 _______________(conj. ) and, but, or, as, when, if…. 这些是 _________词, 常用来 _______________(prep. ) in, on, at, by, above……这些是 _______词, 可以构成短语, 在一个句中做下列成分: This is a book on gardening.(做定语)The book is under the table. (做表语)He has been here since Friday. (做状语)Make yourself at home. (做补语)接下来，我们在了解一下构成一个句子的基本成分有哪些 (members of sentences)George is a smart boy from Britain. He likes learning Chinese very much. History is his favorite subject, too. Talking with his Chinese friends online makes him happy.在这几个句子里：George, He, History, Talking with his Chinese friends 是句子中的 ________.is是句子中的 ________.like, make是句子中的 ________.a smart boy, his favorite subject是句子中的 ________.learning Chinese, him是句子中的 ________.smart, from Britain, favorite是句子中的 ________.very much是句子中的 ________.happy是句子中的 ________.现在，我们进入正题，看看英语简单句的基本结构有哪些 (sentence structures)Today was my first day at my new school. I don’t like the new people around me. When they speak to me I feel very shy, so they misunderstand and think I am unfriendly. In our class the teacher gave us a task --- to stand up and introduce ourselves.I could feel everyone looking at me. I went very red and could only say a few words quietly. The teacher will think I am a bad student, but I work very hard. My problem is that I’m easily embarrassed.. 1 Today was my first day at my new school.主语(Subject) + 系动词(Link-verb) + 表语(Predicative) + 状语(Adverbial)结构1：S + L-v + P + (A)你知道的系动词(Link-verb)有哪些be – am/ is/ are/ was/ wereWhen they speak to me I feel very shy…系动词还包括：(1) 表示“感觉”的feel, look, sound, taste, smell(2) 表示“变化”的become, fall, get, grow, turn，go(3) 表示“保持”的stay, remain, keep(4) 表示“看上去”的appear, seem(5) 表示“证明”的prove. 2 I don’t like the new people around me.主语(Subject) + 谓语动词(Verb) + 宾语(Object) + 状语(Adverbial)结构2：S + V + O + (A)but I work very hard.主语(Subject) + 谓语动词(Verb) + 状语(Adverbial)结构 3：S + V + (A)这个句子为什么没有宾语英语中的实义动词分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种。
及物动词指的是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词，如：learn, see, study, like….不及物动词/词组指的是后面不能直接跟宾语，也不能用被动语态的动词/词组，如：run, happen, wait, work, take place, run out……* 有些动词，即可以做vt. 也可以做vi.. He often drives very fast. He often drives his friends home.. 4 In our class the teacher gave us a task…状语(Adverbial) + 主语(Subject) + 谓语动词(Verb) + 直接宾语(Direct object) + 间接宾语 (Indirect object)结构4：S + V + O1 + O2 + (A)* 第四种结构的句子都可以转化成为第二种结构的句子. In our class the teacher gave us a task…→In our class the teacher gave a task to us…. 5 I could feel everyone looking at me主语(Subject) + 谓语动词(Verb) + 宾语(Object) + 宾补(Object complement)结构5：S + V + O + OC* 其它可以充当宾补的还有：No one likes to keep his room dirty and disorderly.( 形容词 )It’s cold out. Why not invite them in( 副词 )They named their dog Joe.( 名词 )The teacher had the students doing their homework for a long time. ( 现在分词 )I had my hair cut yesterday.( 过去分词 )He asked me to give him a hand.(动词不定式)关于状语状语可以分为以下几种：1.Let’s get together at 7 o’clock.(时间状语)2.I met the boy in the library. ( 地点状语)3.He came late because of the heavy rain.(原因状语)4.She got to the station to pick up her son.(目的状语)5.The young man got up too late to catch the bus.(结果状语)6.Will you go to New York by sea or by air(方式状语)7.If it rains tomorrow, the meeting will be put off.( 条件状语)8.Despite the heavy rain, he went to look after the old man.(让步状语)9.I can’t do anything with you looking at me.(伴随状语)试一试: 你能说出下列划线的部分分别在句子当中担当什么成分吗1.Some of the older students came to our classroom today totalk with us. 目的状语2.They are very enthusiastic and they speak fluently in frontof lots of people. 表语；地点状语3.I want to be like them.宾语4.The English teacher always wants me to talk.宾补5.When I’m sitting at a computer, I don’t feel shy.时间状语；表语6.I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.定语7.What she told me seems real.表语知识延伸：如果在一个英语句子中，作某个特定成分的不再是一个词或者短语，而是一个从句，那么这个含有从句的大句子就叫做复合句。
试一试: 你能辨别下列从句的种类吗1.I don’t know that he has joined the army.( 从句)2.What he said sounds good.(从句)3.My problem is that I’m easily embarrassed.( 从句)4.He wanted to help the old man who lived next door.( 从句)5.When the film ended, the people went back.(从句)6.Where there is a will, there is a way.(从句)7.I’ll speak slowly so that you can follow me.( 从句)8.He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.( 从句)9.You’ll fail the exam unless you work hard.( 从句)10.He’s unhappy, though he has a lot of money.(从句)定语从句 attributive clause◆英语谚语欣赏1. He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything is indeed a good-for-nothing. 不懂装懂，一事无成。