各类从句
各种从句用法
一、从句的概念英语中的从句是指在主句中担任某个句子成分的句子。
二、从句的分类一般按其功能分为三大类：名词性从句，形容词性从句，及副词性从句。
主语从句名词性从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句形容词性从句---定语从句。
是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，具有形容词性。
副词性从句---状语从句。
在句中作状语。
第二节从句的基本特点及用法一、各个从句的共同特点：1、都有引导词；2、都有主谓结构；3、都在主句中担任一个句子成分，不能独立存在。
二、各种从句在主句中的位置及其作用1、主语从句+谓语或It（形式主语）+谓语+主语从句 eg. That he will attend the meeting is certain. It is unknown who did the work. 2、主语+连系动词+表语从句eg. The question is whether he will come here tonight. 3、主语+谓语+宾语从句主语+谓语+间接宾语+宾语从句主语+谓语+it(形式主语)+宾语补足语+宾语从句eg. I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country. Can you tell me where Mary li ves?We think it necessary that we learn English well.注：宾语从句还可以在介词、不定式、V-ing ,及少数形容词后当它们的宾语。
能带宾语从句的形容词常见有：sure ,glad , sorry ,certain , worried , aware etc. eg. We all agree with him on what he said.I haven’t found my book yet; in fact, I am not sure where I could have done with it. I am aware that you have been exceptionally kind to me.4、…同位语词news(idea , fact , hope , promise etc)+同位语从句 eg. We heard the news that our team had won.The fact that he hadn…t said anything surprised everybody. I have no idea when she will be back.5.……先行词（名词或代词）+限定性定语从句或……先行词（名词或代词），+非限定性定语从句eg. Gone are the days when Shanghai was a paradise for imperialist adventures. Is this the resta urant in which you work?My elder sister, who is twenty, is now studying in the university. 6. 主句+状语从句或状语从句，+主句注意逗号 eg. Speak to him slowly so that he may understand you better.No matter how difficult the work may be, we must surely complete it.以上是从五个基本简单句型出发，根据各种从句的特点，通过列式显示各从句在主句中的位置关系。
中考英语各类从句
中考英语各类从句I．要点根据从句在句中的句法功能，从句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。
1、名词性从句（1）主语从句What he wants is a piece of paper.It is believed that he can solve the problem.注：主语从句的谓语动词用单数。
（2）宾语从句I don't know how to solve the problem.Do you know where he lives?（3）表语从句The problem is who can help me.This is why I came here.（4）同位语从句I have no idea where he went.I heard the news that he would come.同位语从句用that引导，常跟在fact, idea, news, promise, thought, message, hope, belief, doubt等词后，that在从句中不作任何成分。
2、定语从句在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句，引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和关系副词when, where, why。
（1）that指物时一般可与which互换，但在下列情况下，要用that而不用which。
a. 先行词有all, everything等不定代词时，如，Everything (that) he did is wrong.b. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时，如，I'll read all the books (that) you lend me.c. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，This is the first letter (that) the boy has written.d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时，如He is the very man (that) I'm looking for.e. 只用which的情况在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中This is the book about which we have talked a lot.The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting.f. where和when作关系副词This is the room where I worked.This is the room which I stayed in.I remembered the day when we lived there.I remembered the day that I spent there.g. as和whichas 可以放于句首，而which 不可以As you know, he is good at English.three of them 和three of whichI have a lot of books, three of which are in Russian.I have a lot of books and three of them are in Russian.3、状语从句在复合句中起状语作用的从句叫做状语从句。
各类从句及强调句的结构和用法
各类从句及强调句的结构和用法定语从句：是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。
状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。
名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be 句型。
一、限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置。
2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间注意：值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, suchas towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody,something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导二、非限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于inwhich, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that (in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
英语从句类型总结
英语从句类型总结英语中从句是一种非常重要的语法结构，用来在句子中表达更多的意义和信息。
从句可以对主句提供补充信息、说明原因、表达条件、进行比较等等。
下面是对不同类型的从句进行总结的1000字：一、名词性从句：1. 主语从句：作为主语的从句。
例如：What he said is true.（他说的是真的。
）2. 宾语从句：作为宾语的从句。
例如：I know that you are busy. （我知道你很忙。
）3. 表语从句：作为表语的从句。
例如：The problem is whether we should go or not. （问题是我们是否应该去。
）4. 定语从句：用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting. （我昨天买的那本书很有趣。
）二、条件从句：1. 真实条件从句：表示真实的条件和可能发生的结果。
例如：If it rains, I will stay at home. （如果下雨，我会待在家里。
）2. 虚拟条件从句：表示假设的条件和不可能发生的结果。
例如：If I were you, I would study harder. （如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）三、时间从句：1. 时间状语从句：表示动作发生的时间。
例如：I will call you when I arrive. （我到了会给你打电话。
）2. 状语从句：表示伴随动作的时间。
例如：He is reading while waiting for the bus. （他在等车的时候看书。
）四、原因从句：1. 原因状语从句：表示动作的原因。
例如：I'm tired because I didn't sleep well last night. （我昨晚睡得不好，所以很累。
）2. 结果状语从句：表示动作的结果。
例如：He ran so fast thathe won the race. （他跑得太快，所以赢得了比赛。
高中英语语法归纳总结从句
高中英语语法归纳总结从句从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分。
它能够在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词的作用，增强句子的表达力和多样性。
本文将对高中英语语法中的从句进行归纳总结，帮助学生们更好地理解和应用从句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句可以在句中担任主语、宾语、表语和同位语的角色。
常见的名词性从句有以下几种类型。
1. 主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语的角色，常以“that”或“whether/if”引导。
例如：“What you said doesn't make sense.”（你说的话毫无意义。
）主语从句的引导词可以省略，直接使用动词来引导，例如：“To forgive is to forget.”（宽恕就是忘记。
）2. 宾语从句宾语从句在句中作为动词的宾语，常以“that”或连接词引导，例如：“He said that he would come.”（他说他会来。
）宾语从句的引导词可以根据从句的内容来选择，如“whether/if”、“when”、“where”等。
3. 表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语的角色，常以“that”引导，例如：“The fact is that he is ly ing.”（事实是他在说谎。
）4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明名词的具体内容，常以“that”引导，例如：“The news that he won the prize surprised everyone.”（他获奖的消息让每个人都感到惊讶。
）二、形容词从句形容词从句用来修饰名词，常以“that”或“which”引导。
形容词从句通常紧跟在被修饰的名词之后。
例如：“The book that he recommendedis very interesting.”（他推荐的那本书非常有趣。
）三、副词从句副词从句可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，并且可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式、条件等。
常见的引导词有以下几种。
各类从句的构成及其用法
3.关系代词who/whom/that/which做定语从句的宾语(可省略) The girl （who/whom/that）I met could speak five languages. The dress (that) I gave Lida looks fantastic on her. The hotel (that) Jake stayed in last week is on a beautiful lake.
从句
状语从句 同位语从句
主语从句
名词从句 宾语从句
表语从句 定语从句
1.时间状语从句 2.地点状语从句 3.条件状语从句 4.原因状语从句 5.结果状语从句 6.目的状语从句 7.方式状语从句 8.让步状语从句 9.比较状语从句
1.时间状语从句 时间状语从句由连词when/while/as soon as/before/after/since/till/until等 引导，用来回答“When”。 After she buys this car,Coco will be able to drive from Sichuan to Beijing.
1.that引导 The trouble was that he didn't want to work.
The trouble was that she didn't put on her seat belt.
八种状语从句
八种状语从句状语从句在句中作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。
按其作用和意义可分为时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、方式、比较八种。
下面对这八种从句的要点加以总结。
一、各类状语从句的引导词及易混词的区别。
1. 时间状语从句1) 引导词（1）表示“当……时候”：when, while, as, whenever（2）表示“一……就……”：as soon as（3）其它：after, before, since, until, by the timeWhenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。
I want to see him as soon as he arrives. 他一来我就要见他。
I went to bed after I finished my homework. 我做完家庭作业之后才睡觉。
2) 易混引导词when, while, as 的区别when既可指“时间点”，与瞬时动词连用，也可指“时间段”，与延续性动词连用（这时可与while互换）。
如：When he came in, his mother was cooking. 他进来时，他妈妈正在烧饭。
When（While）we were at school, we went to the library every day. 我们在校求学时，每天都到图书馆去。
while 只表示时间段，因此while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
Please don' t talk so loud while others are talking. 别人在工作时，切勿大声讲话。
as 与when 用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有“随着……”或“一边……一边……”之意。
She sang as she went along. 她边走边唱。
As you get older, you get more knowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。
(完整word)各类从句讲解
各类从句详解英语从句可以分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三大类：下面我们逐一进行说明：一、名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句在复合句中的充当的成分和其名称相同，分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
上述这四种从句均被称为名词性从句.所有的名词性从句均不能用逗号分开，并且它们都用相同的关联词,关联词如下:①主从连词:that （无意义)， whether (是否), if （是否）（在句子中不充当任何成分）②连接代词:who （谁）， whom (谁）， whose （谁的)， what (什么)， which (哪一个)③连接副词：when （什么时候)， where (什么地方）， how （怎样）， why （为什么）主从连词只起连接作用，连接代词和连接副词除了起连接作用外，还充当从句某一个成分。
另外,可以用whatever， whichever， whoever, who（m)ever等连接代词引导名词性从句，来加强语气.下面分别对各种名词性从句进行介绍(一）主语从句（subject clause）在主句中用作主语的主谓结构称之为主语从句。
例如：That he will come to the discussion is certain.他来参加讨论是确定的。
That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us。
月球绕地球转动，这是我们大家都熟知的。
When the meeting is to be held has not yet been decide. 会议什么时候召开还没有决定。
主语从句放在句首，句子常常显得比较笨重,因此通常可以把it放在句首,作形式主语，而将主语从句放在后面.例如上面的句子可以分别改写为:It is certain that he will come to the discussion。
初中各类从句总结
状语从句一、时间状语从句：1、连接词when、while、as⑴when ①正当…时候 be about to…when…②从句动词先于或后于主语动作⑵while: 可表示对比（从句只用连续性动词）⑶as: “一边一边”“随着”（省略句中: eg: As time goes on…随着时间的推移）2、 before,afterbefore常用句型:It is/was/will be…beforeeg: It will be 5 years before we meet again.It won’t be long before we meet again.It was 5 years before we met again.It wasn’t 5 years before we met again.3、 till，until①用于肯定句中“直到…为止”，主句谓语为持续性动词②用于否定句中“直到…才”，主句谓语为短暂性动词（until,till可用before代替）③Not until位于句首倒装I didn’t go to bed until midnight last night.=Not until midnight last night did I go to bed.④强调句型只用untilIt was not until midnight that I went to bed last night.4、since①It is/has been+一段时间+since+从句（谓语一般用过去式）若接延续性动词，则译为“不做…已经多久了”；若接非延续性动词，则译为“做…已经多久了”It has been 2 years since he smoked.It is 2 years since he died.②It/This/That is +序数词+time +(that)+sb. have done…某人第几次做这件事It is the first time that I have read this story.5、一…就…As soon as, the moment, immediately, no sooner… than, hardly/scarely…when…当no sooner, hardly/scarely 放句首时，从句用部分倒装。
分钟搞懂英语中的各种从句
1分钟搞懂英语中的“各种从句〞英语中的从句分三类：1〕名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句2〕形容词性从句：定语从句2〕副词性从句：状语从句〔表时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式〕*名词性从句：在句中作各类名词成分〔1〕主语从句在句中作主语成分例句：Whether it is going to rain is not known yet. 天会不会下雨还不得而知。
解读：Whether引导主语从句，whether it is going to rain在句中做主语成分。
〔2〕宾语从句在句中作宾语成分例句：I do not know where he lives. 我不知道他住在哪里。
解读：where引导宾语从句，where he lives在句中作宾语成分。
〔3〕表语从句在句中作表语成分例句：I am who I am. 我就是我。
解读：who引导了一个表语从句，who I am在句中作表语成分。
〔4〕同位语从句在句中解释说明前面的抽象名词例句：The idea that the earth is the center of the universe is wrong. 地球是宇宙中心的观点是错误的。
解读：that引导了一个同位语从句解释说明前面的“idea〞，常见的可以跟同位语从句的名词有：news, idea, fact, thought, question, hope, message, suggestion, truth。
引导词除了that，还可以是whether, how, when, where〔举例：I have no idea when he will come.〕*形容词性从句：定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。
〔1〕限定性定语从句例句1：There are many students who want to study abroad. 有很多学生都想出国留学。
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各类从句的构成及其用法所谓从句是指从属于主句的句子，由从属连词连接。
由主句和从句构成的复合句，是英语中比较复杂的句子结构。
从句的种类有很多，但根据其性质和作用可以分为：名词性从句，形容词性从句（即定语从句），副词性从句（即状语从句）三大类。
从句构成与用法的考查要点很多，历来是学位英语考试试题的热点与焦点。
学位英语试题中，常将并列连接词、从属连词、关系代词、关系副词放在同一题干中进行考查，故意设置干扰项，增加试题难度。
1．名词性从句：即从句在整个句中起名词作用，分别可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
考点一：主语从句：主要考查主语从句的引导词；主句的谓语动词，一般用单数。
1）It is well-known that the earth movesaround the sun. 众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
（说明：由连词that引导的主语从句，在大多数情况下用代词it作形式主语。
）2）Whether we will hold a party in the openair tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否在户外开晚会要视天气而定。
（此时不能用if引导主语从句，只能用whether。
）3）When the sports meet will be held is not decided. 何时举行运动会还没有决定。
4）Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference.你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别。
考点二：宾语从句：主要考查宾语从句if与whether的用法区别：1）whether和if常与or not连用，whether 和or not 既可合起来使用，也可分开使用；if和or not只能分开使用。
如：He asked whether(if)they would come or not.他问他们是否该来。
I don't know whether or not they will come.我不知道他们来不来。
考点三：表语从句：1）The question is whether the book is worth reading at all.（问题是这本书是否值得一读。
）2）That is why we don't like it.考点四：同位语从句（考查重点）同位语从句的特点是由一个抽象名词+that从句构成，引导词一般是that, 而且that 在从句中不充当任何成分。
这些抽象名词有：news, idea, fact, doubt, evidence, promise, rumor, hope, truth, belief, message等，同位语从句是对抽象名词进行说明解释。
如：1）We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。
试比较：2）We heard the news (that/which) he had told her. 我们听说了他告诉她的那个消息。
（宾语从句）例2中的that从句的作用相当于一个形容词，其作用是修饰the news；例1中的that 从句的作用相当于一个名词，是对the news 的进一步说明。
再比较下列两组句子：3)He was late again, and the boss didn’tbelieve the reason that he was delayed bya traffic jam.4)This is the reason why I was late.5)The secretary told his boss the message(that/which) the customer left.6)Tom asked me to tell you a message thathe would invite you to his party.有时如果主句的谓语动词较短，为保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，同位语从句也常与要说明的名词分开。
例如：Word came that he died yesterday. 消息传来说他昨天死了。
2．形容词性从句（即定语从句）（考查重点）定语从句主要用来修饰它前面的先行词（名词或代词）的从句，所以又称形容词从句。
根据与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
在历年学位英语试题中，相对集中地考查了非限制性定语从句、关系代词和关系副词的选用、定语从句中的一致关系以及"介词+关系代词"等知识点。
3．副词性从句（状语从句）引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。
状语从句根据其用途可以分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句和方式状语从句九种。
状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊连接词。
现分别列举如下：1）时间状语从句常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until, by the time特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the instant, immediately, directly, (as soon as) no sooner … than…, hardly/ scarcely…whenA good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners' curiosity until he/she reaches the end of the story．一个善于讲故事的人必须能够自始至终抓住听众的好奇心。
I gave her the money you owed her the moment I saw her．我一见到她就把你欠她的钱给她。
The machine will start the moment (directly) the button was pressed.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.我一到家就开始下雨了。
Hardly had I left home when he came.By the time he arrived, the train had already gone.By the time he comes, we will already have left.2）地点状语从句常用来引导地点状语从句的关联词有where，wherever等。
The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1940 he came to Shanghai．那位著名的科学家在出生地长大，于1940年来到上海。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
3）原因状语从句常用来引导原因状语从句的关联词有because，as，since, for等。
特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, considering thatThe Italian boy was regarded as a hero because he gave his life for his country．那位意大利男孩被看作是英雄，因为他为祖国献出了生命。
Now that you've got a chance，you might as well make full use of it．既然你有机会，你最好充分利用它。
The ship changed its course because there was a storm.The ship changed its course because of the storm.Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.He was ill, so he didn’t go to school.Being ill, he didn’t go to school.Since you are ill, you’d better go to seethe doctor.Seeing that you do not understand, I will explain again.As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.As Jane was the oldest in this family,she had to look after the others.He must be ill, for he is absent today.4）目的状语从句常用来引导目的状语从句的关联词有that，so that，in order that，in case, lest等。
Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report so that her boss could read it first the next morning．Sally为完成报告一直工作到深夜，以便她老板第二天早上能第一个阅读它。
I am telling you that lest you should make a mistake.我告诉你这一点，以免你搞错。
They set out early so that (in order that) they might arrive there in time.They set out early in order to (so as to) arrive there in time.5）结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：that，so that （从句中不带情态动词），so…that（如此……以致……），such…that…（如此……以致……）。
我们走的时候如此匆忙，以致于我们忘记锁门了。
（such是形容词，后接名词短语）The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.这个村子太小，所以地图上没有。
（so是副词，后接形容词或副词短语）It is so good a story that I’ll never forget it.It is such a good story that I’ll never forget it.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.6）条件状语从句常用来引导条件状语从句的关联词有if，unless（除非），when（如果），given that （假定，给出），in case（that），on condition that，as／so long as等。