系表结构的句子
八年级英语上册专题知识讲义-系表结构的句子(附练习及答案)-人教版
系表结构的句子【考向解读】中考中对系表结构的考查主要集中在：1. 掌握系表结构的句子结构和基本用法。
2. 能够运用系表结构的句子。
中考中题型和大体分值：单选（1分）写句子（1分）写作（1-2分）【重点点拨】一、知识精讲（二）简单句的分类简单句的五种基本句型1. 主语+系动词+表语【例句】He is a student.2. 主语+不及物动词【例句】We’ll work all day long.3. 主语+及物动词+宾语【例句】Henry bought a dictionary.4. 主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）【例句】My father bought me a car.5. 主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）【例句】Tom made the baby laugh.（三）系表结构的句子1.系表结构的句子用以表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征等。
所谓系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。
系表结构句子的基本构成是：主语+系动词+表语【例句】Your watch looks very nice.典例The flower _____very sweet.答案：smells思路分析：从sweet可知句意是“这朵花闻起来很香”，故填smells。
2. 句子的主要成分（1）主语主语是句子要说明的人或物，是句子的主体，一般放在句首。
主语可由以下形式构成：名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、短语或复合结构、从句等。
【例句】Mary is an American girl. Mary是个美国女孩。
I am from England. 我来自于英国。
Feeding the birds is my hobby. 喂鸟是我的爱好。
What she said is right. 她所说的是正确的。
典例游泳对健康有好处。
good for health.答案：Swimming is思路分析：考查系表结构的句子。
区分主谓宾和主系表
主谓宾和主系表是两种不同的句子结构，它们的主要区别在于动词的用法和句子成分的排列顺序。
1.主谓宾结构：主语（名词或代词）+谓语（动词）+宾语（名词或代词）。
在这个结构中，动词是谓语的核心成分，表示主语的动作或状态。
宾语是动作的承受者，与主语相对。
例如：“John loves Mary.”（约翰爱玛丽。
）
2.主系表结构：主语（名词或代词）+系动词（be动词）+表语（形容词或
名词）。
在这个结构中，系动词是核心成分，表示主语的状态或特征。
表
语是用来描述主语的性质或状态，与主语相对。
例如：“John is a student.”
（约翰是一名学生。
）
需要注意的是，主谓宾和主系表结构并不是固定不变的，有时可以根据语境和表达方式进行变化。
同时，有些动词既可以作为谓语动词也可以作为系动词，需要根据具体的语境来判断。
基本句型(2)系表结构
3. Is Helen outdoors? Summer is over. You know what you are after. This book is about Anne Frank, a Jewish girl. I’ve got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows. We are concerned about his health.
Read the following sentences and understand the underlined verbs:
1. I stayed awake. 2. He seemed quiet normal. 3. The weather is getting cooler and cooler. 4. It sounds a good idea. 5. The question remained unsolved
1. The dog’s leg is broken and she is very upset about it. 2. Many people are concerned about our environment. 3. She hasn’t been outdoors for a long time. 4. The window was open and Anni was upstairs. 5. I’m not good at communicating with people.
Complete the sentences according to the context:
1. I was so tired that I fell __________ asleep quickly. 2. Mother gave her a beautiful present. The little girl appeared ___________. happy upset 3. Anne seemed ______ this morning. What’ wrong with her? 4. In summer, food goes ________ easily. bad 5. When you are in trouble, you must keep _________. calm 6. I can’t eat this. I’ve tried it and it tasted ________. terrible
初中英语-系表结构的句子讲解
初中英语系表结构的句子讲解中考中对系表结构的考查主要集中在：1. 掌握系表结构的句子结构和基本用法。
2. 能够运用系表结构的句子。
中考中题型和大体分值：单选（1分）写句子（1分）写作（1-2分）初中英语学霸提分笔记，初中提分必备￥30购买一、知识精讲（一）句子结构的分类。
简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。
Tom and Mike are American boys.汤姆和迈克是美国孩子。
并列句由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
You help him and he helps you.你帮助他，他帮助你复合句含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.当那些外国的参观者在长城游览的时候，照了很多照片。
（二）简单句的分类简单句的五种基本句型1. 主语+系动词+表语【例句】He is a student.2. 主语+不及物动词【例句】We’ll work all day long.3. 主语+及物动词+宾语【例句】Henry bought a dictionary.4. 主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）【例句】My father bought me a car.5. 主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）【例句】Tom made the baby laugh.（三）系表结构的句子1. 系表结构的句子用以表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征等。
所谓系表结构就是英语句子中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。
系表结构句子的基本构成是：主语+系动词+表语【例句】Your watch looks very nice.状元典例The flower _____ very sweet.答案：smells思路分析：从sweet可知句意是“这朵花闻起来很香”，故填smells。
主系表结构表达看法的句子
主系表结构表达看法的句⼦1. 主系表结构的句⼦有哪些1、To understand A and B is essential.必须学习A和B2、This kind of food tastes delicious.这种⾷物吃起来很可⼝。
3、He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。
4、Springcomes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天⽓变得越来越暖和。
5、The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树⽐以前长得⾼多了。
句型：Subject （主语） + Link. V（系动词） + Predicate（表语）这种句型主要⽤来表⽰主语的特点、⾝份等。
扩展资料：主系表结构是指英语句⼦中的主要成分是主语、系动词和表语。
主语是⼀句话的中⼼，系词本⾝有⼀定的意义，不能单独使⽤，表语是⽤来修饰的。
主语（ Subject ）：主语是⼀句话的中⼼，表⽰所说的是谁或是什么，其位置⼀般放在句⾸。
英语中主语⼀般不省略。
系动词系动词，只称系动词（Linking Verb），是⽤来辅助主语的动词。
它本⾝有词义，但不能单独⽤作谓语，其后必须跟表语，构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
表语（ Predicative ）：表语是⽤来修饰主语的，说明主语的⾝份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语位于系动词之后，与系动词联系⼗分紧密，有系动词就有表语，有表语就有系动词。
1、例句：你好漂亮：you are beautiful.解析：句中没有谓语动词，所以句⼦结构是主系表，所以⽤系语动词be，句⼦是⼀般现在时，说的是他⼈现在的状态，同时主语是第⼆⼈称，所以将be动词变为are，表语位置放上beautiful是个形容词，所以满⾜表语的规定。
2、例句：我们在这⾥（here）:we are here.解析：表⽰现在的状态，⼀般现在时，主语是第⼀⼈称我们，所以系动词be变为are,here是⼀个副词，表⽰这⾥的意思。
主系表结构造句
主系表结构造句1.I am a middle school student.2.I am from China.3.I am fourteen years old.4.I am a fourteen-year-old girl.5.I am very outgoing.6.I am happy everyday.7.I am interested in English.8.I am proud of my parents.9.I am glad to help others.10.I am very energetic.11.You are my best friend.12.You are my favourite friend.13.You are very honest14.You are you are really beautiful.15.You are really great.16.You are a very hard-working student.17.You are quite a hard-working student.18.You are such a good child.19.You are very helpful.20.You are an honest person.21.He is a scientist.22.He is really successful.23.He is an extremely kind boy.24.He is very clever.25.He is very lucky.26.He is very energetic.27.He is very confident.28.He is a sunny man.29.He is not too tall.30.He is very serious.31.She is really my mother.32.She is my aunt's friend.33.She is very friendly.34.She is very strict35.She is an artist.36.She is quite beautiful.37.She is only 5 years old.38.She is my good friend.39.She is our classmate.40.She is a volleyball fan.41.It is a useful dictionary.42.It is my pet dog.43.English is is very interesting.44.Da Li is very touristy.45.The school building is very high.46.We are your fans.47.We are in Class 67.48.We are very busy .49.We are really tired.50.We are your new friends.51.We are very healthy.52.We are primary school students.53.We are happy every day.54.We are very confident.55.We are very polite.56.You are good students.57.You are too confident.58.You are very sunny.59.You are our best friends.60.You are so beautiful.61.You are really hard-working.62.You are very helpful.63.You are great inventors.64.You are visitors.65.You are quite polite.66.They are our new students.67.They are professional actors.68.They are very loving.69.They are extremely sleepy.70.They are really pianist.71.They are professional singers.72.They are very honest.73.They are very patient.74.They are in trouble.75.They are endangered animals.76.My father is very strict with me.77.My parents are proud of me.78.My friends are all friendly.79.My teachers are all very patient.80.My classmates are all good at sports.81.Your parents are both kind.82.Your teachers are serious.83.Your brother is a hard-working boy.84.Your friends are all quite clever.85.Your study is really great.86.His father is a violinist.87.His hometown is very fascinating.88.His English is the best in our class.89.His pronunciation is very poor.90.His life is very happy.91.Her mother is an actress.92.Her sister is a waitress.93.Her uncle is a great waiter.94.Her computer is broken.95.Her writing is very beautiful.96.Its name is Mi Mi .97.Its owner is Mr Wu.98.Its hobby is to eat fish.99.Its color is yellow.100.Its favourite food is bread.101.Our teachers are all hard-working.102.Our favourite sports are basketball and football. 103.Our health is the most important.104.Our duty is to study hard.105.Our duty is to protect the environment.106.Your duty is to water the trees.107.Your safety is very important.108.Your success is our hope.109.Your English is very good.110.Your language is difficult to learn.111.Their duty is to plant trees.112.Their ways are very good.113.Their lives are very happy.114.Their hometown is very beautiful.115.Their spoken English is wonderful.116.Keeping healthy is very important.117.Eating healthy food is necessary.118.Protecting the environment is our duty.119.Playing computer games long is bad for our eyes. 120.Eating healthily is good for us.121.Chatting on line is very interesting.122.Shopping on line is very popular.123.Meeting Internet friends is dangerous.124.Holding on to your dreams is very important. 125.Helping others is to help ourselves.126.Planting trees is very necessary.127.Being honest is important.128.Being polite is also important.129.Saving water is everyone's duty.130.Being confident is important.。
五种基本句型-主系表结构
五种基本句型——主系表结构主（语）＋系（动词）＋表（语）主语，主语是五种基本句型都具备的。
从位置上来看，主语一般在句子开头，也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”。
从意义上理解，主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的。
主语一般是名词或代词（当然还有其他，这里暂且详细讨论）系动词是联系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到联系作用的动词，是连接主语和表语的。
系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十来个，我们把它们分成四组，这样有助于我们记忆系动词：一、be动词类：am、is 、are 、was 、were二、表示变化类：become、get 、turn 、grow 、go三、感官动词类: 眼（look ）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)四、表示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、keep表语从位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有表语：没有表语，就没有系动词。
二从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。
表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。
上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是这个结构的标志，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，因此，记住系动词非常重要。
练习找出下面句子中的主语、系动词及表语，并指出主语和表语分别是由什么词性或词类来充当的。
1 Tom is a student.2 He is fat.3 I am tired .4 We are students.5 The bag was lost .6 The boy was foolish .7 They were kind.8 She is in the room.9 The books are on the desk.10 Snow is white.11 Kate was here yesterday.12 My father became a teacher in 1978.13 The weather gets hot in summer.14 She looks beautiful.15 The flower smells good.16 We were very happy.17 You are right.18 The soup tastes delicious.19 The chair is yours.20 The children are asleep.21 The story is interesting.22 He feels better today.23 The leaf turns green.24 I stayed awake all the night.25 The weather still remained cold in April.26 The little girl is six.27 My work is to look after the baby.28 His job is taking care of the patient.29 The girl is very pretty.30 He went mad.31 Please don’t get angry.32 The weather is getting colder and colder.33 You look angry.34 She looks like her mother.35 You look unhappy, what’s the matter?36 Those roses smell beautiful.37 This tastes nice. What’s in it?38 Do you feel happy?39 He remained silent.40 The weather is going to stay fine.41 M y job is teaching English．42 She is at home．43 I feel terrible．44 He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。
主系表的句子
主系表的句子主系表的句子是英语语法中非常重要的一种句型结构。
它由主语、系动词和表语组成，能够表达主语的状态、特征、性质等信息。
在英语中，主系表句型广泛应用于日常生活和学术领域中，是我们进行表述和交流的重要工具。
本文将从主系表的定义、构成、分类和用法等方面进行详细探讨，以期帮助读者更好地掌握这一句型结构。
一、主系表的定义主系表句型是由主语、系动词和表语三个要素构成的句子结构，如下所示：主语 + 系动词 + 表语其中，主语指句子的主体，系动词用来连接主语和表语，表语则是系动词所连接的结果，用来描述主语的状态、性质、特征等。
例如，下面的句子就是一个典型的主系表句型：The sky is blue.其中，主语是“The sky”，系动词是“is”，表语是“blue”。
这个句子表达了天空的特征，即蓝色。
二、主系表的构成主系表句型的构成相对简单，主要由三个要素组成，分别是主语、系动词和表语。
下面分别介绍这三个要素的特点和构成方法。
1. 主语主语是主系表句型中最重要的要素之一，它指出句子中的主体或者是动作的执行者。
主语通常由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词或从句等构成。
例如：My sister is a teacher.She is reading a book.To learn English is important.Swimming is good for health.That he is coming is certain.2. 系动词系动词是主系表句型中的连接词，它用来连接主语和表语，起到承上启下的作用。
系动词通常有be动词（am, is, are, was, were 等）、感官动词（look, feel, smell, taste, sound等）和状态动词（become, seem, appear, remain等）等。
例如：He is a good student.The roses smell fragrant.She looks happy.The weather became cold.3. 表语表语是主系表句型中描述主语状态、性质、特征等的重要要素。
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一、知识精讲2. 主语+不及物动词【例句】We’ll work all day long.3. 主语+及物动词+宾语【例句】Henry bought a dictionary.4. 主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）【例句】My father bought me a car.5. 主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）【例句】Tom made the baby laugh.（三）系表结构的句子1.系表结构的句子用以表示人或事物的性质、状态、特征等。
所谓系表结构就是英语句子【例句】He is a student. 他是一名学生。
（表示主语的身份—性质）She is very happy. 她非常高兴。
（表示主语的状态）状元典例我的妈妈是一名老师。
答案：My mother is a teacher.思路分析：主语是my mother，be动词和名词构成谓语。
表明主语的身份。
2）持续系动词：表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度。
主语有keep, stay, remain, rest, stand等【例句】The weather is going to stay fine.He always keeps silent at the meeting.状元典例当你在困境中的时候，你一定要保持镇静。
When you are in trouble, you must _______________.答案：keep calm思路分析：keep是持续系动词，后接形容词作表语。
表示一种状态。
3）表象系动词：表示“看起来像”这一概念。
主要有appear，seem, look等【例句】He seems very sad.They look tired.状元典例今天早上Anna看起来似乎很沮丧。
Anna _________________ this morning.答案：seemed upset思路分析：seem这个表象系动词后接形容词，构成系表结构的句子。
4）感官系动词：表示人的感官动作的动词。
说明主语的状态，性质和特征等。
主要有sound，smell，taste，feel等。
【例句】The cakes smell nice. 那块蛋糕闻起来很香。
The dishes taste delicious. 那些食物吃起来很美味。
状元典例她的声音听起来很美。
Her voice ______________.答案：sounds beautiful思路分析：sound 是感官系动词，后接形容词作表语。
表示“听起来很……”。
5）变化系动词：表示主语变成什么样。
主要有turn, grow, become等。
【例句】He became mad.The trees turn green.状元典例树叶已经变黄了。
The leaves __________________.答案：have turned yellow思路分析：turn这个系动词是表示变化的，后接形容词构成系表结构的句子。
（3）表语表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式等构成，它位于系动词之后。
【例句】Jim became a taxi driver.Our future is bright.Two times four is eight.Her work was washing and cooking.状元典例夏天过去了。
Summer _____________.答案：is over完成疑问。
2)助动词（Do/Does）+主语+系动词的原形+表语【例句】Does he feel terrible?状元典例The food tastes delicious. (改为一般疑问句)答案：Does the food taste delicious?思路分析：用助动词帮助完成一般疑问句形式。
系动词还原。
二、难点聚焦主谓宾结构的句子与系表结构的句子的区别。
（一）主谓宾结构：主语+谓语+宾语其谓语一般是及物动词，宾语在句子中主要充当动作的承受者，一般放在及物动词的后面。
可用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、从句等。
【例句】Do you like to play basketball?I don't know her.状元典例我有一个英国的朋友。
I ____________________________.答案：have an English friend.思路分析：have 作为及物动词，其后的名词作它的宾语。
构成主谓宾结构的句子。
（二）（主）系表结构：主语+系动词+表语常用的系动词有：be, become, get, look, seem, smell, sound等。
表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。
可用作表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、动名词、介词短语、从句等。
【例句】He got angry when he heard the bad news.Are you free today?状元典例眼见为实。
To see ___________________.答案：is to believe思路分析: 不定式to believe作表语，构成了系表结构的句子。
三、状元笔记（一）系动词系动词（Link verb ）：系动词本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须和句子中的表语一起构成谓语。
简单地说，将主语和表语联系在一起，并构成一个完整句子的动词就叫做系动词。
状态系动词：be持续系动词：keep, stay, remain, rest, stand等表象系动词：appear，seem, look等感官系动词：sound，smell，taste，feel等变化系动词：turn, grow, become等（二）表语表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）Is it yours? （代词）The weather has turned cold.（形容词）The speech is exciting.（分词）Three times seven is twenty one. （数词）His job is to teach English.（不定式）His hobby is playing football.（动名词）5. “保持”健康中的keep后接形容词，health是名词，它的形容词形式是healthy。
二、单项选择1) Which ____ bigger, the sun or the moon?A. amB. isC. areD. 不填答案：B思路分析：在两者中选出一个，因此是单数，故选B。
2) The weather ________ cooler and coolerA. is goingB. is becomingC. is gettingD. growing答案：C思路分析：表示天气的变化用系动词get，句意“天气变得越来越凉爽了”。
3) —Have you ever heard the song?—Yes, it ______ beautiful.A. looksB. hearsC. listensD. sounds答案：D思路分析：此题是对感官系动词的不同意思的考查。
这里要回答的是“听起来很好听”，故选D。
4) It often rains and the crops _______ fast.A. turnB. growC. becomeD. is答案：B思路分析：句意“庄稼生长得很快”，故选B。
5) She _________ a famous writer.A. becomeB. turnC. has becomeD. has turned答案：C思路分析：此题考查变化系动词的词义区别，句意“她已经成为一个非常著名的作家”。
故选C。
6) He looks_______________.A. happyB. happilyC. to be happyD. that he is happy答案：A思路分析：此题考查的是表语的构成。
从句子的意思可以判断设空处是形容词作表语。
故选A。
7) My work is ___________________ the baby.A. look afterB. looks afterC. looked afterD. to look after答案：D思路分析：此题考查的是动词不定式作表语的用法。
故选D。
8) In summer，the food goes ________ easily.A. badlyB. badC. goodD. well答案：B思路分析：此题考查两个知识点。
第一是系动词后用形容词作表语，第二是语境。
故选B。
（答题时间：30分钟）一、完成句子1. 这个报告听起来很有意思。
* 2.她不再是我的朋友。
*3. 夏天白天长，夜晚短。
*4. 问题是谁能成为她的朋友。
*5. 我是如此的累，以至于很快就睡着了。
二、单项选择1. Neither she nor I _______ a teacher.A. areB. isC. amD. am not2. She ________ in the League for about 4 years.A. isB. wasC. have beenD. has been3 Tom ________ younger than Jack.A. lookB. looksC. feelD. feels*4 — How are you _______ now?—Much better, thanks.A. feelingB. gettingC. makingD. turning*5. My mother’s smile made me ________ happy.A. feltB. feelingC. to fellD. feel*6. If you don’t take back what you just said, he _______ angry.A. feelsB. isC. will beD. get一、完成句子1. This report sounds interesting.*2. She is no longer my friend.*3. In summer, the days are long and the nights are short.*4. The problem is who can be her friend.*5. I was so tired that I fell asleep quickly.【难题解析】*2. “不再”no longer。