托福TPO26口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO26口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO26口语Task6听力文本：
Listen to part of a lecture from a business class.
(female professor) When consumers are buying a product, most of the time they're not buying just the product itself, they're also buying the container the product comes in. So the design of the container is very important. It can be the deciding factor when consumers are trying to decide which brand of the product to buy. So, let's talk about a couple of ways product containers can be designed to appeal to consumers.One important design goal is to make the container as user-friendly as possible, as convenient to use as possible. Take, for example, when companies started using plastic containers for condiments such as ketchup, mustard and mayonnaise. In the past, these products came in glass containers with lids you had to screw off. And then you had to either pour the ketchup or mustard on your food which could be messy or scoop it out with spoon. But flexible plastic containers were much more convenient to use and so they were more attractive to consumers. You just held the container over your food, gave it a little squeeze and out came the ketchup or mustard, uh, much faster and easier than having to remove a lid first. Another important design goal is to give the container a pleasing appearance so that consumers will feel comfortable displaying it in their homes. Take, for example, a company that sells cookies. Instead of selling their cookies in a plain cardboard box, they might sell them in a nice metal box. And they might decorate that nice metal box with beautiful pictures of some kind. That way when consumers present the cookies to guests, for example, they look nice, they look classic. Attractive containers like that can make a product much more appealing to consumers."
托福TPO26口语Task6题目：
Using the examples from the talk, explain two ways that a product’s container can be designed to appeal to consumers.
托福TPO26口语Task6满分范文：
The first way is to make the container as user-friendly/convenient as possible. For example, condiments like ketchup used to come in glass containers with lids that people had to screw off first and also needed to pour them down or to use a spoon to get them out, which often caused a mess. The companies replaced the glass container with plastic ones so that customers can get their ketchup or mustard out with just a squeeze. As a result，condiments in plastic containers are much more popular. Another way is to make the container look nicer. For example, cookie companies contain their products in metal boxes with beautiful pictures rather than in plain paper
boxes, because in this way they look nicer. And the customers will therefore, be more attracted by the cookies because they'll feel more comfortable while presenting the cookies to their guests at home. (145 words)
以上是给大家整理的托福TPO26口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO6综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文
托福TPO6综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO6综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO6综合写作阅读原文文本：Communal online encyclopedias represent one of the latest resources to be found on the Internet. They are in many respects like traditional printed encyclopedias collections of articles on various subjects. What is specific to these online encyclopedias, however, is that any Internet user can contribute a new article or make an editorial change in an existing one. As a result, the encyclopedia is authored by the whole community of Internet users. The idea might sound attractive, but the communal online encyclopedias have several important problems that make them much less valuable than traditional, printed encyclopedias.First, contributors to a communal online encyclopedia often lack academic credentials, thereby making their contributions partially informed at best and downright inaccurate in many cases. Traditional encyclopedias are written by trained experts who adhere to standards of academic rigor that nonspecialists cannot really achieve.Second, even if the original entry in the online encyclopedia is correct, the communal nature of these online encyclopedias gives unscrupulous users and vandals or hackers the opportunity to fabricate, delete, and corrupt information in the encyclopedia. Once changes have been made to the original text, an unsuspecting user cannot tell the entry has been tampered with. None of this is possible with a traditional encyclopedia.Third, the communal encyclopedias focus too frequently, and in too great a depth, on trivial and popular topics, which createsa false impression of what is important and what is not. A child doing research for a school project may discover that a major historical event receives as much attention in an online encyclopedia as, say, a single long-running television program. The traditional encyclopedia provides a considered view of what topics to include or exclude and contains a sense of proportion that online "democratic" communal encyclopedias do not.托福TPO6综合写作听力原文文本：The communal online encyclopedia will probably never be perfect, but that's a small price to pay for what it does offer. The criticisms in the reading are largely the result of prejudice against and ignorance about how far online encyclopedias have come.First, errors. It's hardly a fair criticism that encyclopedias online have errors. Traditional encyclopedias have never been close to perfectly accurate, ifyou are looking for a realty comprehensive reference work without any mistakes, you are not going to find it, on or off line. The real point is that it's easy for errors in factual material to be corrected in an online encyclopedia. But with the printed and bound encyclopedia, the errors remain for decades.Second, hacking. Online encyclopedias have recognized the importance of protecting their articles from malicious hackers. One strategy they started using is to put the crucial facts in the articles that nobody disputes in a read-only format, which is a format that no one can make changes to. That way you are making sure that the crucial facts in the articles are reliable. Another strategy that's being used is to have special editors whose job is to monitor all changes made to the articles and eliminate those changes that are clearly malicious.Third, what's worth knowing about? The problem fortraditional encyclopedias is that they have limited space, so they have to decide what's important and what's not. And in practice, the judgments of the group of academics that make these decisions don't reflect the great range of interests that people really have. But space is definitely not an issue for online encyclopedias. The academic articles are still represented in online encyclopedias, but there can be a great variety of articles and topics that accurately reflect the great diversity of users' interests. The diversity of use in topics that online encyclopedias offer is one of their strongest advantages托福TPO6综合写作满分范文：In the reading passage, the author holds the idea that communal online encyclopedias are less valuable than traditional, printed one. However, the lecturer strongly refutes this idea.The reading passage, the author states that a communal online encyclopedia is often with errors and inaccuracies, which is attributed to unprofessional contributors. However, the lecture contends that there are also some inaccuracies in traditional encyclopedias. And the errors and inaccuracies can be corrected easily in an online encyclopedia, while with traditional encyclopedia, errors might remain for decades.As to the belief in the reading passage that the online encyclopedia gives many chances of fabricating, deleting and corrupting information to unscrupulous users and vandals or hackers, lecturer gives two strategies that have been proven very effective in protecting online encyclopedias from malicious alteration. She explains that contents that consist of indisputable facts are stored and presented in a read-only format so that nobody can make changes to them. In addition, she says, there are specialists who constantly monitor contents online so thatthey can quickly remove a suspicious change once it is detected.。
托福口语Task6 模板及高分答案
TOEFL Speaking Task6
题目类型及答题要点
题目类型
第6题是学术讲座，题目主要包括2个部分：
➢LISTENING PART
在听力部分中，一名教授会讲授某个学术的定义，概念，现象或过程，并举例说明。
听力的长度约为230-280词，听力时间为90到120s不等，此时考生需要根据对听力内容的理解进行笔记。
➢ANSWERING PART
在答题部分中，首先是20s的准备时间，然后60s的答题时间。
此时考生需要:
审题—确定答题重点。
浏览笔记—标记答题重点，划掉冗余部分。
整理思路—快速理清答题重点的逻辑顺序。
话题类型
Task 6 和Task 4一样，涉及学术话题。
涵盖的领域很广，不过最高频的话题是
那第六题说白了，就是一个复述题目。
同学们复述的重点是两个子标题以及例
从参考答案中，大家可以看出来第一句话改写题目是多么容易操作！Frontier前沿教育Esther 老师托福口语独家资料qq：397862712。
托福TPO26独立写作题目文本+满分范文
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO26独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO26独立写作题目原文： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better for children to choose jobs that are similar to their parents’ jobs than to choose jobs that are very different from their parents’ jobs. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 托福TPO26独立写作满分范文： When choosing a life career, the advice of a parent can be quite decisive. Many parents encourage their children to live the life they themselves have only dreamed of, and try a very different job from their own. Nevertheless, in most cases, I believe it would be more beneficial for the child, the parent and the society alike if children followed in the footsteps of their parents when choosing a job. One of the most obvious reasons is that it paves a more convenient way to success for the children. Children who share similar occupations with their parents can at least inherit the experiences of the parent, which would save them much time and energy along the way. The parents, who have already had decades of trial and failure in the field, would have a clear idea of what kind of knowledge and quality is required for the job. In that case, they would be able to better prepare the children for the job, and give them helpful suggestions along their career development. Moreover, experience is not the only thing children can inherit from their parents. A businessman can provide his son a shortcut to success by leaving him an already well-run company, and a politician can leave his children the connections they would need in order to win sufficient support. Another thing is that a similar career is likely to strengthen the parent-child bond. In such a fast-paced modernized world, parents often complain that they are losing their child to busy schedules and a digital social world they feel distant from. But generation gaps are easily bridged when parents can often exchange career ideas with their children. However different the lifestyles of two generations may be, the questions they have to face in a similar job can always be a good topic of conversation. Personally, I feel closest to my grandfather when he shares with me his frustrations and wisdoms of reporting for a national newspaper before he retired,because I may come across similar challenges in my pursuit of a degree in journalism. He is the first person I turn to whenever I need professional guidance, and I feel like I can always trust him and count on him. It should work the same for most parent-and-child relationships. As a career mentor, a parent can bond with the child in more profound ways. Last but not least, to choose a similar job as the parent is actually a conservation of social resources. As the parent can act as a career mentor for the child, the time and energy spent preparing the novice outside the home can be spared. People would go into the workforce with a rather comprehensive idea of what to expect, and start putting their knowledge and talent into rightful use as soon as possible. Given the three reasons I just illustrated, it can be a smart decision if children choose similar jobs as their parents. It would benefit their personal success, their family relationships, as well as the efficacy of the society. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO26独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO6口语Task5加task6题目文本及参考答案
托福TPO6⼝语Task5加task6题⽬⽂本及参考答案 TPO托福模考软件相信是⼤家⽤的最多的⼯具了，对于托福成绩的提升是⾮常有帮助的。
托福⼝语可以说是整个托福考试当中⽐较重要的⼀个部分，如何利⽤现有资料TPO模考软件来提升⼤家的托福成绩呢?今天⼩编在这⾥整理了托福TPO6⼝语Task5加task6题⽬⽂本及参考答案来分享给⼤家，希望对⼤家托福⼝语备考有帮助。
托福TPO6⼝语task5题⽬ Listening Part: Now listen to a conversation between a professor and the student. (man) Hi, Sara, to what do I owe this pleasure of this office visit? (woman) It’s my study group, Professor Wilson. We are not getting much studying done, and, you know, none of us did very well on your last quiz. (man) Hmmm, what’s the problem? (woman) Well, we’ve all become good friends and we joke around a lot instead of studying. (man) Hmmm. Sara, let me ask you this. When do you meet? (woman) Every Friday afternoon. (man) Have you thought about changing to another day? By the time Friday afternoon rolls around, all of you are probably exhausted and all you want to do was relax and unwind. It’s hard to stay focused at the very end of the week. (woman) Good point, although things have gotten so out of hand that I’m not sure changing days would help. And we’d lose one or two people if we change days, Friday afternoon is the only time everyone’s available, but it’s worth considering. (man) OK. But just a second, another possibility is, does your group have a leader? (woman) No? (man) Well, if you h ad a leader that would help enormously. Someone to set an agenda in advance, email it to everyone before the meeting and then make sure when you meet that you stay focused on your goals. And since you’ve seemed to be concerned enough about the problem to have come see me, I think that someone might be you. (woman) I guess I can take on that role. But it sounds like work. (man) You don’t have to do it for the whole semester, Sara. You can start if off and then, perhaps, someone else can take over. 托福TPO6⼝语task5题⽬ Question: The professor proposes two solutions to the problem the woman describes. Briefly summarize the problem then state which solution you recommend and explain why. 托福TPO6⼝语task5 答案解析： 1. Listening key (1.1) Problem: people joke around instead of studying during study meeting (1.2) Solution 1: change the meeting time (1.2.1) Pro: everyone’s exhausted on the weekend, they can’t concentrate with a week of hard work wearing them off (1.2.2) Con: lose one or two people (1.3) Solution 2: appoint a team leader, the woman can be it first (1.3.1) Pro: set an agenda before, email it to all members, make sure the discussion stays on topic (1.3.2) Con: too much work 托福TPO6⼝语task5 范⽂： The woman’s problem is that everyone jokes around and talks a lot during study meetings instead of studying. She’s got two possible solutions, the first is to change the study meeting from Friday afternoon to some other time. The second solution is to appoint a leader to the group. I think it’d better if she bite the bullet and take on the role of leader. First of all, it is very important for everyone to study during a study meeting or it’s a waste of time. The presence of a leader can keep the discussion on topic. Second, she mentions that Friday night is when everyone is free to meet, so changing the meeting schedule would mess things up for many group members. 托福TPO6⼝语task6题⽬ Listening Part: Now listen to part of a talk in an Education class. (female professor) One of the hardest parts of teaching is keeping your students’ attention. Now, the key to doing this is understanding the concept of attention. Basically, there are two types of attention. The first type is active, active attention is voluntary. It’s when you intentionally make yourself focus on something. And since it requires effort, it’s hard to keep up for long a time. OK, so, um, let’s say you are teaching a Biology class. And today’s topic is frogs. All right? You’re standing in front of the room lecturing: a frog is a type of animal known as an amphibian…, well, this isn’t necessarily going to keep the students’ interest. But most of them will force themselves to pay active attention to your lecture. But it’s only a matter of time before they get distracted. Now, the other type of attention is passive attention, when it’s involuntary. Passive attention requires no effort because it happens naturally. If something is really interesting students don’t have to force themselves to pay attention to it. They do it without even thinking about it. So back to our Biology lecture, you start talking about frogs and then you pull a live frog out of your briefcase. You’re describing it while holding it up. Show the students how long its legs are, and how they’re used for jumping, for example. Then maybe even let the frog jump around a bit on the desk or the floor. In this case, by doing something unexpected, something more engaging, you can tap into their passive attention. And it can last much longer than active attention. As long as the frog is still there your students will be interested. 托福TPO6⼝语task6题⽬ Question: Using points and examples from the talk, explain the difference between active and passive attention. 托福TPO6⼝语task6 答案解析： 1. Listening key (1.1) Main idea: active and passive attention (1.2) Active attention: forced (1.2.1) Example: (1.2.1.1) A teacher teaches a class by only reading from textbooks (1.2.1.2) Students will get bored, yet they’d still try to focus (1.2.1.3) But they will get distracted soon because this attention is forced (1.3) Passive attention: happens naturally (1.3.1) Example: (1.3.1.1) A teacher teaches with a live frog, let it jump around a bit (1.3.1.2) Students get interested in what’s happening, their concentration happens naturally (1.3.1.3) As long as the frog is on the table, students will have no problem focusing on the lecture 托福TPO6⼝语task6 范⽂： The professor talks about two kinds of attention in the lecture. The first type is active attention which is voluntary. For example, if a biology teacher teaches a class by only reading from a textbook, the class can become fairly boring. Most students would force themselves to focus, but sooner or later, the students will be distracted. The second type of attention is passive attention, let’s say instead of reading from a textbook, the teacher pulls a live frog out of his bag, then the lecture becomes really interesting. As long as the frog is on the table, the students will be able to focus on the lecture.。
TPO26听力文本完整修订版
TPO26Listening ScriptConversation1Listen to a conversation between a student and a university print shop employee.StudentHi.I saw your ad in the campus newspaper.EmployeeOh.We don’t have any job openings right now.StudentOh,no.I meant the other ad,about the services you provide for students.You see,I have been working at the campus tutoring center as a maths tutor.But things have changed,including my schedule.And now I want to start doing tutoring work independently.But in order to,basically,start my own business,I need to get the word out.EmployeeOK.StudentI was thinking I should get something printed up that I can hand out to people.EmployeeAh.Well,actually,I just printed up some great-looking fliers for someone doing the same thing.StudentFliers.Yeah,that’s an idea.I guess then I could post themEmployeeYeah.And you can hand them out too.But,oh,you know what?I did something really neat for someone last week.She didn’t want to go the traditional route,you know,business cards,fliers,so we customized pencils for her.StudentPencils?EmployeeYeah.You know,a little message printed on the pencil.StudentOh,that’s cool.EmployeeYeah.But you should know,it’s not our cheapest option.Oh,and you know those little sticky notes?StudentYou do those too?EmployeeWell,we did once.I think those bright pieces of paper would be real attention getters.You know,students use them all the time,so they should be good for business.I don’t know why we haven’t done more.StudentWow.EmployeeSo you’ve got some options.StudentRight.Well,what about business cards?My friend has these business cards.She does tutoring too.And she got them at this place in town,but they were kind of expensive.EmployeeFor business card?Well,I don’t know what your friend paid.But we could do something real simple and it wouldn’t be much.Like for a batch of250for one of our standard designs,20dollars maybe.Student20dollars sound EmployeeEmployeeNow,there are some other choices that’ll affect the cost.You know,like different background patterns,using color ink, that sort of thing.And it also depends on how many words you want to include.StudentOK.Well,I know what I want them to say.But I am just thinking,I kind of like that pencil idea.EmployeeYeah.I thought it was neat.Now,of course you can only fit your name and phone number,and like,in your case,maths tutoring on it.StudentRight.Well,I could custom design the business cards though right?That’s what my friend did.She said she designed them at the computer right there at the print shop.EmployeeWell,you can do that here too.But accustomed design would be a bigger investment for your business than one of our standard designs.StudentWell,I don’t know.I am interested in business cards,so can I look att he standard designs?Lecture1-Advertising(Green Marketing)Narrator:Listen to part of a lecture in an advertising class.ProfessorLast class someone asked about green marketing.Green marketing refers to companies promoting the product as environmentally panies often turn to advertising experts to help them do this.Green marketing seems recent,but advertising professionals grew interest in it several decades ago.The seeds for green marketing were probably planted in1970,when the first Earth Day took place.Rallies all over the United States were organized to protest environmental degradation.Some20million demonstrators participated in that first Earth Day. And it helped spark dozens of environmental laws.The biggest was the Endangered Species Act of1973,which protects imperiled animal species from extinction.There was also passage of the Clean Water Act and the Clean Air Act was strengthened.Earth Day,environmental laws,environmental issues in the news,being green was entering the mainstream.And businesses started saying,hey,we can get involved in this.So in1975,a major advertising trade group held its first workshop on ecological marketing.A few years later,we began seeing ads tapping into people’s environmental concerns.But as some green marketers learned the hard way,green marketing must still involve all the same principles of a traditional marketing campaign.Your ad must attract attention,stimulate consumers’interest,create a desire for your product,and motivate people to take action,to buy your product.So let me tell you about one green marketing campaign that failed at first and explain why.It was for a compact fluorescent light bulb.We’ll call it the eco-light.It was first introduced,I believe,in the late90s.It cost far more than a regular incandescent bulb.The advertising message was basically,use this eco-light and save the planet.But that message wasn’t effective.Research shows that consumers don’t want to let go of any traditional product attributes, like convenience,price and quality.Even though surveys indicate that almost everybody cares about the environment.So the company reintroduced the eco-light with a new message,one that emphasized cost savings,that the eco-light lowers electric bills and lasts for years.So it’s good for the Earth,cost-effective and convenient because it doesn’t have to be changed every few months.This ad campaign worked like a charm.Something else,uh,the company that makes the eco-light,researchers would consider it an’extreme green company’,not only because its products are energy-efficient,but because the company tries to reduce its environmental impact in other ways too.Like in addition to selling Earth-friendly products,its offices and factories are designed to conserve energy and use all sorts of recycled materials.A company that only recycles office paper,researchers would classify as a’lean green company’.And there are other degrees of greenness in between.So if your green marketing strategy’s gonna work,your message should be valid on all dimensions.When a company as a whole is credited for reducing its environmental impact,this can lead to brand loyalty.People will come back and buy your product more and more.However,let’s say you’re fined for violating the Clean Water Act while manufacturing products from recycled materials.The public would eventually find out.You can’t just make the claim that a product is environmentally friendly and not follow through on.Lecture2-Biology(Carbon Cycling)Narrator:Listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.ProfessorOK.Just before the end of the last class,we started talking about trace metals,metals found in living organisms in very small quantities that serve an important biological,important nutritive function in those organisms.And one trace metal that serves a nutritive function is zinc.Zinc assists in a number of processes in humans,but we are going to focus on just one,one that applies to a number oforganisms,not just humans.See,zinc plays a major role in carbon cycling,the conversion of various kinds of molecules with carbon,like carbon dioxide,into other kinds of molecules with carbon that organisms can use.So,take respiration.Our bodies,our cells produce carbon dioxide when they break down sugars.We need to get the C02out of our bodies,so the C02is converted into carbonic acid,which the blood is able to carry to the lungs.Once the carbonic acid reaches the lungs,it’s converted back into carbon dioxide so that we can breathe it out.Now,this whole conversion process relies on a particular enzyme.Uh,who remembers what an enzyme is?Bob?Uh,it’s a protein,a specific kind of protein,one that speeds up chemical reactions.ProfessorExactly.Different enzymes assist indifferent chemical reactions.Now,the one that speeds up the conversion of carbon dioxide has zinc in it.So this zinc enzyme is critical for gettingC02out of our bodies through the lungs.And it’s also extremely important for plants.Bob,can you tell us why?StudentFor making food,for photosynthesis?ProfessorExactly.For photosynthesis.Plants also convert carbon dioxide into different forms ofcarbon-containing molecules and the conversion process used relies on the very same enzyme that work in humans.So zinc is also important for plants.OK.But zinc is scarce in certain environments.And it’s particularly scarce in waters near the surface of river sand lakes and shallower parts of oceans,which might make us wonder how plants could live there at all.In fact,there are a lot of marine plants that survive,that grow and reproduce in surface waters.In particular,there are a lot of diatoms.Diatoms are microscopic,photosynthetic organisms and they are a major source of food for other organisms in the ocean.There are a number of different types of diatoms,and,well,diatoms play a very important role in the carbon cycling process,because they help make carbon available to other organisms in deeper parts of the ocean.The carbon that these diatoms use in photosynthetic is transferred to other parts of the ocean when the diatoms are eaten,say,by a fish that absorbs the carbon and then swims to another part of the ocean,or when diatoms die and fall to the ocean floor.So how did diatoms survive if zinc is so scarce?Well,recently researchers discovered that a specific type of diatom makes a different enzyme that serves the same purpose.But this enzyme doesn’t contain zinc.Instead this new enzyme incorporates another trace metal,cadmium.Kelly,you’ve got a question?StudentYeah.I thought cadmium was toxic.Didn’t you say that?It is poisonous to humans.Uh,actually,we used to think that it was toxic to all biological life,that it didn’t serve any biological purpose.But new study suggests that cadmium can actually substitute for zinc,that organisms can use it instead of zinc when there isn’t enough zinc in their environment.Now,the discovery of this cadmium-based enzyme is really important for a number of reasons.It’s actually the first enzyme we have discovered that uses cadmium.So it’s possible that other not so typical trace metals may be used in chemical processes,that marine organisms might make enzymes from other trace metals when the essential one is scarce.And there may be other types of diatoms that use cadmium to cycle carbon.But there’s something else to think about.What is one of the most common greenhouse gases in our atmosphere,one of the major culprits in global warming.Carbon dioxide,right?Now,if all these diatoms are taking carbon dioxide from the surface,converting it and transporting it to the bottom of the ocean,well,maybe there’s more to that whole process,that cycle,something that we’ve overlooked.So further research might tell us more about these warming cycles too.Convcrsation2Hi,Jean.How was the...uh,the conference,right?the conference on volunteerism?That’s where you were last week. Good.And let me know if you have any questions.StudentWell,there is something that I wanted to ask you now.It’s about something I noticed at the beach.ProfessorOh,what’s that?StudentWell,see,there are a lot of jellyfish there,floating in the water.ProfessorThat couldn’t have been pleasant.StudentNot for swimming.But it was interesting.I mean,the jellyfish were glowing.I swear they were.And I am wonderwhat that’s about.ProfessorAh,glowing jellyfish.That is interesting.Uh,it’s called bioluminescence.And actually we are going to talk about it later in the semester.Basically,bioluminescence is light that’s produced by a chemical reaction.StudentReally?Inside the jellyfish?ProfessorWell,not all jellyfish,about half of them.Actually,a lot of marine organisms have the ability,especially in deeper parts of the ocean.StudentOh,I get it.Like the darker it gets,the more the fish needs light,right?ProfessorWell,bioluminescence serves a number of functions.Most aquatic organisms use it for communication and for attracting prey.But jellyfish usually use it as a defense against predators.Some jellyfish produce bright flashes of light that confuse predators,to,uh,to startle them.But jellyfish closer to the surface,probably like the jellyfish you saw, they use bioluminescence to hide.The light they produce matches the color of the dim sunlight,so they blend in,and, uh,and predators can’t see them.StudentWow,really?Well,I am looking for a topic for my term paper,so maybe I could do it on these glowing jellyfish.That’s why I wanted to ask you about them,you know,to find out if there was really something to write about.ProfessorIt’s a great topic.But you’ll have to make sure the topic is manageable.Like I said,about half of all jellyfish are bioluminescent,so you may want to look at a particular type of jellyfish or several types that benefit from bioluminescence in the same way,or you could investigate current research on bioluminescence,on,on the chemical process,or...Here’s an idea.You seem to be very involved in local issues.See if you can identify the jellyfish you observed on the beach and how they fit into the local ecosystem.StudentYeah,you know,some of the environmental groups I met last week might even able to help me.Lecture3-Astronomy(Comets)Narrator:Listen to part of a lecture in an astronomy class.ProfessorOK.We have been looking at some of the smaller members of our solar system,comets.You already know about the structure of comets.Let’s continue our discussion now by talking about orbits,especially those of the so-called periodic-orbit comets.These are the comets that circle around the Sun pretty regularly.They return again and again, predictably,after a certain period of time.That’s why we say their orbits are periodic.Probably the most famous and brightest of these is Hailey’s comet.Hailey’s comet comes from far out in the solar system,goes in close to the Sun,and then out again.At its closest approach to the Sun,Hailey’s comet is about twice as close to the Sun as Earth is.And at its farthest,it’s about thirty-five times farther from the Sun than we are,which puts it out beyond Neptune.Basically,the idea here is that a periodic comet,with its very elongated orbit,just keeps coming back around again and again.With Hailey’s comet, well,it returns every75years,roughly.But where is Hailey’s comet during most of this time?Well,like all orbiting bodies,a comet moves faster when it’s closer to the Sun.So it only spends about a year or two in our neighborhood,inside the orbit of Jupiter.Most of its time is spent way out beyond Jupiter’s orbit,poking along near the farther reaches of it own orbit.Because of this,we can only see Hailey’s for a few months every75years,first on its way in toward the Sun,and then on its way out again.Now,you remember from our previous discussion that a comet’s nucleus,its core,is made up of ice and dust,like a frozen snowball.And as it approaches the Sun,it starts to heat up.And some of the ice vaporizes into gas and spreads out from the nucleus.The gases that vaporize from the comet,the comet never collects them back again,so on every orbit,the comet leaves part of itself behind.OK.How old is this solar system?Four and a half billion years,remember?AndHailey’s is going around the Sun once every75years and losing stuff each time.Sothe comet should be long gone by now,right?I mean,how come Hailey’s is still there?After four and a half billion years.How could it be?Well,the answer is that this comet hasn’t always been in such a short periodic orbit,since once a comet gets into an orbit that keeps it coming in close to the Sun quite frequently.Well,that comet’s probably not going to be around too much longer.So this kind of periodic orbit is only a phase in a comet’s life.A phase that just precedes its final breakup We’ve seen comets do that,going toward the Sun and then come back around, torn into pieces.But lots of comets aren’t like that.They come in,pass behind the Sun,and then travel back out.But with an orbit so large,and its farthest place so far away from the Sun that we just don’t know how far out it goes.We just can’t determine that very accurately from the close-in part of the orbit that we do see.So these are often called parabolic-orbit comets.Parabolic means the orbit is open at the far end.Actually the orbit probably does close and return the comet to the vicinity of the Sun eventually,but the period might be tens of thousands of years.And basically,we can’t determine it.So we just,we refer to them as open-ended parabolic-orbit comets.So,what can change a comet with one of these long orbits where they only come by the Sun occasionally into a much more frequent periodic visitor?Well,gravitational interaction with planets,right?If a comet on one of these long period orbits at some point comes close to Jupiter or Saturn or one of the other planets,then the pull of that planet’s gravity might alter the orbit,maybe make it much shorter.So this comet,if it happens to pass by a planet just the right way,it can be drawn into a new orbit,one that’ll capture it and keep it coming back around the Sun much more often.Lecture4-Art Conservation(Archimcdes Palimpsest)Narrator:Listen to part of a lecture in an art conservation class.ProfessorSo far we have been talking all semester about restoring and preserving pieces of art,like ancient frescos,early oil paintings,etc.But although our field is called art conservation,it also involves...what?StudentUm...preserving other types of cultural materials too.ProfessorVery good.Not just art.Old artifacts are very valuable when they represent early technologies,all contain important historical information.In fact,let me give you an example.You’ve heard about the Greek scholar,Archimedes,who lived more than2,000years ago,I am sure.Archimedes was a great mathematician.For example,he discovered the formula for the volume of a sphere.Not much of his work has survived,but what has survived is brilliant.And then in 1906,a Palimpsest of Archimedes’writing was discovered.Now,a palimpsest is a type of manuscript that contains writing that’s hidden because something else was written over it later.I’ll explain in a minute.This Archimedes palimpsest,as it’s now called,is by far the most important palimpsest anyone has ever seen.Because it contains the only known existing copy of Archimedes’treatise,called Method. Archimedes shows in it how maths can be applied to physics and physical reasoning back to maths problems,which is how he calculated the volume of the sphere,for example.This maybe commonplace today,but was revolutionary in his time.A few years ago,the palimpsest was sold at an auction for2million dollars.It could have ended up tucked away in a private collection,but fortunately,the collector who bought it has agreed to have experts restore every single word Archimedes wrote,so the contents can be shared with the world and studied.But there are two main problems.What do you think the first one might be?Jennifer?StudentUrn....well,it sounds like it’s extremely old.So probably some pages are at the point of crumbling into dust?ProfessorTrue.And some are moldy,and some were eaten away at by bookworms.This thing’s really decayed.But on top|of that,there’s another issue.And this is the reason why it’s a palimpsest.You see,the text apparently sat around in a library in Constantinople until1229A.D.But then a scribe erased,scraped away the writing as clean as he could in order to use the pages to write his own book on.Why would he do that?Take a guess.ProfessorWell,they used parchment to write on,but yes,there was a parchment shortage.StudentSo you are saying the parchment was basically recycled?ProfessorCorrect.Then,even later on,in the twentieth century,a forger painted ancient-looking pictures on several of the pages in order to make the book seem older and increase its value.So unfortunately,that’s quite a history.StudentBut professor Wilkens,if the scribe scraped away Archimedes’words and if these paintings covered the pages,how can the original work be recovered?ProfessorAh,that’s why I am telling you the story.That’s our task as conservationists,isn’t it?To find a way.There were still faint traces of Archimedes’words on the pages.First,we tried to make the Archimedes’words stand out with a variety of technologies,using ultraviolet light.But that didn’t work on every page.But then,there was this new idea that came from a scientist studying spinach.Student:Spinach?ProfessorYes.Spinach.This physicist,Uwe Bergman,does research that involves studying iron in spinach.He was reading an article about problems with the palimpsest and it said that there is iron in the original Archimedes’ink.So he came up with an idea to use the same method of looking at iron in spinach to view the iron on the palimpsest pages.And his idea worked.Bergman’s technique allows X-rays to pass through the forged paintings,pass through the scribe’s writing to hit the iron traces from the ink of the original Archimedes’text and create an image just of the iron on the pages.The iron-based letters seem to just pop off the page.The original text and diagrams emerged,line by line,diagram after diagram.And that’s kind of typical of our field.There’s a lot of interdisciplinary work.People from several different fields might be involved in working with a single art.。
托福TPO26口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
托福TPO26口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO26口语T ask3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO26口语Task3阅读文本：Advisor Meetings Should No Longer Be RequiredAt present, students are required to meet with their academic advisors before the beginning of every semester. The advisors help students select courses and advise them on graduation requirements. However, I don’t see the point of required meetings, since the necessary information about the courses is already available on the university’s Web site, which all students have access to. In addition, eliminating meetings with advisors would ease the difficulty that students often have in finding a time to schedule a meeting when both they and their advisors are free.Sincerely,Amy Williams托福TPO26口语Task3听力文本：Now listen to two students discussing the letter.(man) Did you see this letter?(woman) Yeah, why?(man) Well, I don't agree. It's definitely not the same thing to just go on the university's Web site.(woman) You don't think so?(man) No, I mean, sure, the basic information is there, but that's not all advisors help you with. Sometimes there're different ways you can meet a requirement for graduation, like, different classes you can take. And if you talk to someone, they can help you figure it out.(woman) And you can't get that from just reading what's on the Web site.(man) Right, advisors have a lot of expert information so they make it easier for you to see what your choices are.(woman) I see what you mean.(man) And as for scheduling meetings, I've never had that kind of trouble.(woman) Me neither.(man) So anyone who does have problems must be waiting to the last minute to set something up.(woman) That's possible.(man) I mean, the thing is, if you call or go to the office early enough to set up an appointment, schedules are open. It’s just that if you wait till the last possible day, it’ll be harder cause they already have lots of students scheduled then.托福TPO26口语Task3题目：The man expresses his opinion about the proposal in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal then state his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion.托福TPO26口语Task3满分范文：Well, the proposal says that the students should not be required to meet with their advisors who help to select courses and give advice mainly on graduation requirements for two reasons. However the man disagrees for two main reasons. Firstly, he thinks that the advisors could help the students with more than the basic information on the Internet. For example, there are different ways to meet the requirements for the graduation and with the help from the advisors the students can easily figure it out, because the advisors have the expert information and can judge the students, choices easier. Secondly, he believes if thestudents could set up the appointment ahead of time instead of leaving it to the last minute, it will be no problem to schedule their meeting. So the man is against the proposal.以上是给大家整理的托福TPO26口语T ask3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO26口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文
托福TPO26口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO26口语T ask4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO26口语Task4阅读文本：EpiphytesIn rain forests, the canopy produced by the upper layer of branches may be so dense that few plants can grow on the shady ground below. Even so, many plants have adapted to life in the rain forest, developing fascinating strategies for survival. For example, various species known as epiphytes use a host plant as a platform for growth. Although epiphytes grow on a host tree, they take no nutrients from the tree itself. Attached to the tree, sometimes 30 or 40 meters high, these aerial plants have access to sunlight but not to nutrients from the soil below. As a result, they have developed unusual mechanisms that have allowed them to overcome this problem.托福TPO26口语Task4听力文本：Now listen to part of a lecture from a biology class.(male professor) OK, so a good example of this type of plant, common to the rainforest, is the Urn plant. The Urn plant wraps its roots around the branches of the trees or sometimes around the trunk near the upper part of the tree. They use the tree for support and this allows them to reside high in the trees, in the canopy, where they can get plenty of sunlight.Now, the Urn plant has a unique shape. It got its name because of the formation of its leaves creates a kind of urn or bowl where it can store water. The Urn plant has rather long stiff spiky leaves. The leaves are slightly overlapping and are tightly rolled into a kind of cone shape or a funnel shape. Its flowers are held on a single stem inthe center. Anyway, as I mentioned, the arrangement of the leaves forms a kind of receptacle or bowl at the base so that it is rainwater collects on the leaves it rolls down into the bowl where it can be stored.OK, so is unique shape helps it gather and store water. It also helps to gather other nutrients. This is because insects, dead leaves from other plants or other debris land on the leaves and then get washed down into the stored water. Gradually they decompose. The chemical break-down creates a nitrogen-rich food source in the stored water. So, the water supply contains a kind of liquid fertilizer that can be released to the plant whenever it needs the food.托福TPO26口语Task4题目：Using the example of the Urn plant, explain how epiphytes have adapted to life in the rain forest.托福TPO26口语Task4满分范文：Epiphytes is a kind of rain forest plant that uses a host plant as a platform for growth to get sunlight. And it also develops some mechanism to get nutrients since it's away from the soil. For example, Urn plant often wraps its root around the tree or the trunk of upper part of the tree so it resides high in the canopy to get plenty of sunlight. Then it has leaves of unique shape which help it get nutrients. Its leaves are long, stiff and spiky. They're slightly overlapping and rolled tightly to form a funnel/cone shape, and then its flowers are held on a single stem in the center. So the whole thing is shaped into a bowl. And when it rains, the rain water rolls down to be collected in the bowl. Then the debris of dead leaves and insects falls into the bowl and decomposes there to form a kind of fertilizer, which can be used by the plant when in need. (166 words)以上是给大家整理的托福TPO26口语T ask4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
tpo6口语答案范文
tpo6口语答案范文Task 1.题目：Talk about a photograph or painting you have seen that was memorable. Explain what you liked or disliked about it.答案：Well, there's this one painting that I saw in an art gallery that has really stuck with me. It was a Van Gogh, "Starry Night". Oh man, where do I start? I just love the way he used all those swirling lines. It's like the sky is alive and the stars are dancing. The colors are also super cool. The deep blues and the bright yellows create this really dreamy and sort of other worldly feeling. It makes me feel like I'm looking at a view from another planet or something. And I like how he painted the village in the foreground. It's so small compared to the huge sky, which gives you this sense of how vast the universe is and how tiny we humans are. There'sreally nothing I dislike about it. Every time I look at it, either in person or in a book, I get lost in it for a few minutes. It's like a little escape into a beautiful, crazy world.Task 2.题目：Some people have one career throughout their lives. Other people do different kinds of work at different points in their lives. Which do you think is better? Explain why.答案：Well, you know, I think doing different kinds of work atdifferent points in life can be really awesome. It's like having a whole bunch of different adventures. I mean, if you have just one career all your life, it can get kind of boring, right? You're just doing the same old thing day in and day out. But if you switch it up, you get to learn all kinds of new skills. For example, you could start off as a teacher, andthen later on decide to become a graphic designer. You get to meetdifferent people in different fields, and you have a lot more stories to tell. It's like living several different lives in one. On the other hand, having one career can give you a lot of stability and you can become an expert in that one area. But I still think the variety of changing careersis more exciting. It's like trying different flavors of ice cream insteadof just sticking to vanilla all your life.Task 3.题目：Reading: The university is planning to close the campus coffee shop because not many students use it. Also, it has been losing money for the past two years.Listening: The man disagrees. He says that the coffee shop is in a bad location. If it was moved to the student center, more students would go there. Also, he says that the coffee shop is losing money because it hasold equipment. If they bought new equipment, they could make better coffee and drinks faster, which would attract more customers.答案：Well, I don't think the university should close the campus coffee shop. The man in the conversation has some really good points. First of all, the location of the coffee shop is just all wrong. It's like they put it in a corner where no one can find it. If they moved it to the student center, that's like the heart of the campus. Everyone is always there, chatting, studying, or just hanging out. So of course more students would stop by for a cup of joe. And second, the old equipment is really a bummer. I mean, who wants to wait forever for a cup of coffee? If they got some new, shiny equipment, they could whip up those lattes and cappuccinos in no time. And the coffee would probably taste a whole lot better too. So instead ofclosing it down, the university should just give it a little makeover and anew location. It could be a really cool place for students to relax and get their caffeine fix.Task 4.题目：Reading: Concept of "emotional intelligence", which is theability to understand and manage one's own emotions and also to besensitive to others' emotions.Listening: The professor gives an example of a manager in a company. This manager was really good at her job in terms of getting work done. But she had a problem. She was always so stressed out and would get angryeasily at her employees. As a result, her employees were afraid of her and didn't want to work with her. Then she went to a workshop on emotional intelligence. She learned how to recognize when she was getting stressed and how to control her anger. She also became more aware of her employees' feelings. After that, the work environment improved a lot. Her employees were happier and more productive.答案：So, this emotional intelligence thing is really important, you know. Take that manager in the example. At first, she was like a ticking time bomb. She could get things done, but she was so bad with her emotions. She was stressed all the time and would just blow up at her employees. I bet those employees were walking on eggshells around her. But then she went to that workshop and learned about emotional intelligence. It was like she got a superpower. She could see when she was about to lose it and stop herself. And she started to care about how her employees were feeling too. That's when things got better. The employees were no longer scared and they could actually focus on their work. They were more productive because they were happy. So emotional intelligence is not just some fancy term. It can really make a difference in the workplace or in any situation where youhave to deal with people. It's like having a magic key to get along with others better.Task 5.题目：The woman's problem is that she has a really important group project due next week, but she also has a chance to go on a weekend trip with her friends which she has been looking forward to for a long time.Listening: One solution is that she could skip the trip and focus on the project. Another solution is that she could go on the trip and then work really hard on the project when she gets back.答案：Man, this is a tough situation for the girl. If I were her, I'd be so torn. I mean, on one hand, the group project is super important. If she skips the trip and focuses on it, she can make sure it's really good. She won't have to worry about rushing through it when she gets back. And her group members will probably be really happy that she's so dedicated. But on the other hand, that trip with her friends! She's been waiting forit for ages. It would be such a bummer to miss out. If she goes on the trip and then works hard when she gets back, she could still get the project done. But she might be really tired from the trip and stressed out trying to finish the project in a short time. I think I would probably go on the trip. I mean, life is short and we need to have some fun too. But I would make sure to bring my laptop and do a little bit of work on the project during the trip if I could, like maybe research some stuff. And then when I get back, I'd lock myself in my room and work like crazy on it.Task 6.题目：The lecture is about two ways that animals protect themselves from predators. One way is by using camouflage, and the other way is by having aposematic coloration (warning coloration).Listening: For camouflage, the professor gives the example of a stick insect. It looks exactly like a stick. So when a predator is looking for food, it's really hard to spot the stick insect. It blends in with its environment so well that it can just sit there and the predator will think it's just part of the scenery. For aposematic coloration, the example is a poison dart frog. It has really bright colors like red, blue and yellow. These bright colors are a warning to predators that it's poisonous. Predators learn to avoid these brightly colored animals because they know that if they eat them, they'll get sick or even die.答案：So, animals have some really cool ways to protect themselves from those mean predators. Take the stick insect for example. It's like a little master of disguise. It looks just like a stick. I can just imagine a bird flying around looking for a snack and it just passes right over the stick insect because it thinks it's just a twig. It's so amazing how it can blend in like that. And then there's the poison dart frog. Oh man, those bright colors are like a big sign that says "Stay away!". It's like the frog is wearing a neon sign that says "I'm poisonous, don't eat me!". Predators are smart enough to learn that those bright colors mean trouble. So they just leave the frog alone. These two ways are like nature's own little defense mechanisms. One is all about hiding and the other is about scaring off the bad guys.。
托福TPO27口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文
托福TPO27口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO27口语T ask6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO27口语Task6听力文本：Listen to part of a lecture in a history class.(female professor) So, most cities of the ancient world tended to be small, often limited to the banks of a river. They had very little means to expand. These old cities couldn't really cross natural barriers like rivers or be located very far from water sources. But Roman cities, on the other hand, grew much larger. How did this happen? Well, for one thing, the Romans had more advanced technology. Let's look at a couple of Roman developments that allowed its cities to expand.One development that'll allow Roman cities to grow was their advanced building materials. The Romans developed a special kind of concrete, a building material that would harden under water. And this concrete made new kinds of structures possible. T ake their bridges for example. Because of this special concrete, they could build better bridges, bridges that could go across wide rivers, bridges that were big enough to transport equipment and materials with wagons and carts. So with these strong bridges, Roman cities could grow on both sides of the river, creating larger cities than would have been possible otherwise. Another development that helped Roman cities expand was an improved way to move fresh clean water. People need access to fresh water and the Romans created an especially effective way to bring it to them. They built structures called aqueducts. Now, aqueducts are series of open channels, waterways that stretch from water sources high in the mountains to cities. They were carefullyplanned and built so the steady drop in altitude provides the steady flow of water to cities. These aqueducts could move tremendous amount of water over great distances and even bring fresh water to places far from rivers. Because of this, people could have clean water for drinking and bathing without being located near a river. So cities were able to grow larger in new locations."托福TPO27口语Task6题目：Using the examples from the lecture, explain two developments that allowed ancient Roman cities to expand.托福TPO27口语Task6满分范文："The first development is the use of new building materials, a special kind of concrete that hardens under water. And this technology allows ancient Romans to build large strong bridges over wide rivers so that cars and wagons can transport equipment and materials on it to create larger cities on both sides of the rivers. Another technology is an improved way to move fresh water, a structure called aqueducts. They're series of open channels that stretch from water sources high in the mountain down to the cities and provide steady flow of fresh water along with the steady drop of altitude. Since the aqueducts can provide plenty of fresh water, they can supply places, even those far away from the river with the fresh water. So cities could grow without having to be built nearby a river. (136 words)"以上是给大家整理的托福TPO27口语T ask6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
【必备资料】托福TPO2口语Task6题目文本及答案解析
【必备资料】托福TPO2口语Task6题目文本及答案解析在托福口语备考中，想要快速提升自己的托福口语能力，除了不断的累积自己的词汇和句型之外，从TPO练习入手也不失为一个不错的方法。
那么，在以下内容我们就为大家带来托福口语TPO的题目和答案解析。
托福TPO2口语task6题目Question:Using points and examples from the talk, explain the two definitions of moneypresented by the professor.托福TPO2口语task6答案解析：1. Listening keys(1.1) Main idea: the two definitions of money(1.1.1) Broad definition: anything that can be used to buy things with(1.1.1.1) Example 1: a taxi driver earns five dollars for a ride, then usethe five dollars to buy some vegetables(1.1.1.2) Example 2: the taxi driver can take vegetables as payment in abarter systemNarrow definition: whatever must be accepted as payment (coins and bills)(1.1.1.3) Example 3: in the US, the driver must accept coins or bills aspayment托福TPO2口语task6范文：In this lecture, the professor talks about the two definitions of money. Thefirst is broad definition which is anything that people can use to make purchases with. For example, a taxi driver earns five dollars for a taxi ride, he can then use the five dollars to buy some vegetable. While in a barter system, the driver can except vegetable for payment too. The second is narrower definition of money, which is the only legal tender to be accepted in a society. Take the same taxi driver for example, in the United States, only coins andbills are legal tender, so he must except paper bills or coins but vegetable as payment.本文部分信息来源于新东方在线。