必修一unit3词汇学案含答案版 (1)

必修一Unit 3 词汇学案Ⅰ.单词讲解1. transport n.＆Vt. 运送；运输e.g. Beijing is trying to improve its transport system for the coming festival.北京为了迎接即将到来的节日, 正在努力改善交通设施。

The goods will be transported to Tokyo by air. 货物将空运到东京。

【拓展】(1) transport还可作可数名词，表示“交通工具”。

e.g.It is easier to travel if you have your own transport.如果你自己有交通工具，旅行起来就方便多了。

(2) transportation n.运输; 交通。

e.g.The railroad gives free transportation for a certain amount of baggage.铁路免费运送一定数量的行李。

【练习】(1) 我的汽车正在修理, 所以我现在没有代步工具了。

My car is being repaired so I’m ____________ at the moment.(2) 我出门通常乘坐公共交通工具。

I usually travel by________________.【答案与解析】1. without transport ；transport可作可数名词，表示“交通工具”2. public transport；同上，名词交通工具2. prefer vt.更喜欢；偏爱（preferred，preferred）（不用于进行时）【拓展】sth.（更）喜欢…派生词：preference 偏爱；喜好to do sth.prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事that+ ___________语气→【sb./sth.(_________) do 】宁愿某人做某事注意：（1）A与B相比，更喜欢A prefer A to B（2）宁愿…而不愿意…prefer to do A rather than do B= prefer doing A to doing B= would rather do A than do Be.g. Do you prefer cooking for yourself or eating in a restaurant?你是喜欢自己做饭还是下馆子？Their father prefers them to be home early. 他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。

I prefer writing a term paper to taking an examination.我宁愿写一篇学术论文也不愿参加考试。

He preferred to die rather than become a traitor. 他宁死也不做叛徒。

Would you prefer that I（should）come on Monday instead of on Tuesday?你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗？单项填空My sister singing dancing while I dance sing. （原创）A. prefers; to; would rather; thanB. would rather; than; prefer; toC. prefers; rather than; would rather; toD. would rather; to; prefer; to解析：选A。

考查固定搭配。

prefer的搭配是prefer to do rather than do或prefer doing to doing；would rather的搭配是would rather do than do或would do rather than do，因此A项正确。

3. disadvantage n.不利条件；不便=dis+advantage (dis 表示否定，相反，相对)如：disagree, dislike拓展：have / win an advantage over…比…占优势take advantage of…利用（欺骗）at an advantage / disadvantage处于有利/不利地位to one’s advantage / disadvantage 对某人有利/不利e.g. You will be at a big disadvantage when finding a job if you can’t speak English.如果你不会讲英语，你找工作时就会处于非常不利的地位.She has an advantage over the other competitors because she has previous experience..她比其他竞争者占有优势因为她有经验。

4. 车费；船费；飞机票价；出租车乘客；饭菜expense费用；花费；开支fee（给专业人员如医生、律师等的）专业服务费；学费；（加入俱乐部的）会员费等e.g. a bus/taxi/train/ fare公共汽车费/出租车费/火车票价fee-paying schools 收费学校membership fees 会费living/household expense 生活费/家庭开支5. persuade vt. 说服；劝说；使某人相信（暗示是成功的，如果未成功则用try to persuade）【原句】she persuade me to buy one. (Page 18)拓展：persuade sb to do sth.persuade sb into doing sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb not to do sth.persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人不要做某事persuade sb that... 使某人相信……，劝服某人……of sth. 使某人相信……e.g. Thank you for persuading my mother to let me join the army.谢谢你说服了我的妈妈让我参军I persuaded him into doing it. 我说服他去做这件事。

I persuaded Robert that the journey was too dangerous and he didn’t go.我对罗伯特说那个旅行太危险,他被说服了,所以没有去。

He has persuaded me of its truth. 他使我相信这是真的。

派生词：persuasion n. 说服；说服力persuasive adj. 有说服力的,易使人信服的注意：persuade和advise的区别sth.\ doing sth.persuade一词常指已说服某人，强调说服成功advise sb. to do sth. advise一词则是尝试劝说某人,结果不一定如愿。

that sb. (should) do sth. e.g.I persuaded him to go home. 我说服他回家了。

Wh-从句I advised him to go home, but he refused.我劝他回家, 他拒绝了。

I advised waiting until the proper time. 我建议等到适当的时候。

I advised her that she should wait. 我建议她应该等下去。

He will advise you what to do. 他会建议你们怎么办。

The doctor advised me to take more exercise. 医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。

Note:“说而不服或说而无果”应该使用advise sb. to do sth. /try to persuade sb. to do sth. 。

I advised/tried to persuade her not to go out alone at night, but she didn’t listen to me.我劝她晚上不要一个人出去，但她不听我的。

I had advised/tried to persuade him not to stay up late, but he still didn’t go to bed until midnight.我劝他不要熬到太晚，但是他仍旧到午夜才去睡觉。

【练习】1. Mr. Li no longer smokes now because his wife _____him to give up smoking last year.A. suggestedB. advisedC. persuadedD. told2. The businessman tried to_______ me of his honesty and goodwill at first, but he turnedout a deceiver.A. adviseB. persuadeC. remindD. understand【答案与解析】1. C。

提示：advise sb. to do sth.意思是“劝某人做某事”，强调动作，尤其是表达“劝而不服”时多用此结构；persuade sb.to do sth.意思是“劝服某人做某事”，强调结果。

2. B。

提示：句意：这个商人起初尽力让我相信他的诚实和善意，但结果证明他是一个骗子。

此题用persuade sb. of sth. 表示“使某人相信……”6. care about关心；在意【原句】...; my sister doesn’t care about details. (Page 18)e.g. People here are thoughtful of others. They care about each other.这里的人总为别人考虑, 他们都互相关心。

She didn’t care about anything people might say.人们说什么她都不在乎。

care about表示“关心”讲时，用在肯定句中；表示“在意”时，用在疑问句和否定句中。

【对比】care for 照顾，照料；喜欢多用于否定句和疑问句中，这有别于care about。

e.g. He doesn’t care much for music.他不太喜欢音乐。