全国高等教育自学考试英汉翻译教程真题
全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试
英语翻译试题
I. Multiple Choice Questions (30 points, 2 points for each)
1. The image of a sudden wall of dark water carrying the man and his car away in an instant is still imprinted on my mind.
A. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一样压了下来，一下子就连人带车都冲走了。这情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。
B. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一样压了下来，一下子就连人带车都冲走了的情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。
C. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一下子就连人带车都冲走了。这情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。
D. 突然浑浊的雨水像一面墙一下子就连人带车都冲走了的情景直到现在还印在我的脑海里。
2. He occasionally gave a smart nod, as if in confirmation of some opinion, though he was not thinking of anything in particular.
A. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是对某一个意见表示赞成似的，其实他心里头可并没。
B. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是对某一个意见表示赞成似的，其实他心里头可并没想什么特别的事儿。
C. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是肯定了某一个意见，其实他心里头可并没。
D. 待一会儿他就轻快地把头一点，好象是肯定了某一个意见，其实他心里头可并没想什么特别的事儿。
3. In the winter of wet years the streams ran full-freshet, and they swelled the river until sometimes it raged and boiled, bank full, and then it was a destroyer.
A. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，直到有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，它就成了祸害。
B. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，直到有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸害。
C. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸害。
D. 在多雨的年份，冬天水流充沛，引起河面暴涨，河有时候汹涌翻腾，泛滥两岸，就成了祸害。
4. When the whale is killed, the blubber is stripped off and boiled down, either on board ship or on shore.
A. 鲸鱼被杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。
B. 鲸鱼杀死之后，鲸脂剥下来被熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。
C. 鲸鱼杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。
D. 鲸鱼被杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行，有的是在岸上进行的。
5. While we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to bridge it so that we may be able to talk across it.
A. 虽然我们不能缩短双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。
B. 在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟的同时，我们能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。
C. 既然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们就能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。
D. 虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。
6. 我最恨那些欺名盗世、欺骗读者的谎言。
A. That I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
B. Whatever I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
C. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers they deceive the public with their lies.
D. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.
7. 虽然还没有中国共产党，但是已经有了大批的赞成俄国革命的具有初步共产主义思想的知识分子。
A. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, but there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.
B. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals who approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.
C. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals they approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.
D. Although the Communist Party of China had not yet come into existence, there were already large numbers of intellectuals whom approved of the Russian Revolution and had the rudiments of communist ideology.
8. 北海公园原是历代封建帝王的“御花园”，总面积共有68.2公顷。
A. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covers an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.
B. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covers an area of 68.2 hectares, being the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.
C. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, which was the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.
D. Bei Hai (North Lake) Park, covering an area of 68.2 hectares, was the imperial garden in the feudal dynasties.
9. 中国山区面积占国土总面积的70%。
A. Mountainous areas account for 70 percent of China’s total territory.
B. Mountainous areas account of 70 percent of China’s total territory.
C. Mounta inous areas count for 70 percent of China’s total territory.
D. Mountainous areas count of 70 percent of China’s total territory.
10. 鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。
A. An equity joint venture shall encourage to market its products outside China.
B. An equity joint venture shall encourage its products sold outside China.
C. An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products outside China.
D. An equity joint venture shall be encouraged to market its products over China.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement.
11. 著名的“信、达、雅”翻译标准是我国近代翻译家______提出来的。
A. 林纾
B. 周煦良
C. 钱钟书
D. 严复
12. 关于语序的论述，下列说法中正确的是______。
A. 英语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序。
B. 英语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是时间顺序和逻辑顺序；而汉语有时态，可以通过动词的变化显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句。
C. 英语有时态，可以通过时间顺序和逻辑顺序显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是动词的使用。
D. 英语有时态，可以通过并列结构，依靠各成分之间的顺序，尤其是动词的使用显出动作发生的先后顺序，而且英语大量使用分词和从句；而汉语叙事多靠时间顺序和逻辑顺序。
13. 傅雷的翻译主张是______。
A. 重形似不重神似
B. 既重形似也重神似
C. 重神似不重形似
D. 既不重形似也不重神似
14. 下面关于Saint Jerome的翻译观点，正确的是______。
A. I have always aimed at translating sense, not words.
B. I have always aimed at translating words, not sense.
C. I have always aimed at translating both sense and words.
D. I have always aimed at translating neither sense nor words.
15. 原文：“I have seventy-two grandchildren, and if I were sad each time I parted from one of them, I should have a dismal existence!”“Madre snaturale,”he replied.
译文：“我的孙子孙女有七十二个，要是每离开一个都要难过，我的生活可就太痛苦了。”听了这话，老先生竟说，“这个做母亲的真怪呀！”
本句中画线部分运用的主要翻译方法是：______.
A. 反译
B. 减词
C. 增词
D. 省略
II. Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each）
A. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese.
16. VIP 17. arteries of communication 18. annual flood 19. global economy
20. maternal grandmother 21. Gone with the Wind 22. in one’s early teens
23. the Arctic Ocean 24. to enact legislation 25. magnificent dinner
B. Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English.
26. 大思想家27. 第一次世界大战28. 文物29. 宜农荒地30. 儿童文学
31. 初冬32. 中国大戏院33. 可持续发展战略34. 平等互利原则35. 归根到底III. Translation Revision（20 points，2 points for each）
A. Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文：The school education at the time could only dull an inventive mind.
译文：当时的学校教育只能让创造的心灵愚钝。
37. 原文：On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable
hospitality.
译文：代表你们的所有美国客人，我向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。
38. 原文：When he had climbed the hill above the field he looked back. He could see the white shapes of the girls dancing on the grass.
译文：只要他爬上小山，就回头向下看。似乎能看到姑娘们的白色身影在草地上舞动。39. 原文：The liver oil is given to those people who need certain vitamins.
译文：鱼肝油是给那些缺乏维生素的人服用的。
40. 原文：More than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two nations.
译文：自从邓小平副总理和我共同建立我们两国之间的圆满外交关系以来，已经八年多了。
B. Directions: Each of the following translated sentences is inadequate. Revise the given versions. Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.
改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
41. 原文：孟母靠织布来维持生计。
译文：Meng’s mother lived on weaving.
42. 原文：祈年殿于1545年改建为一座镏金宝顶的三重檐圆殿。
译文：The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest was rebuilt into round-shaped hall with triple eaves and gilded ball on the top in 1545.
43. 原文：我坐在宫门台阶上，欣赏宫门口那一座大花坛，花坛里栽的是红、黄、白、紫四色分明的盛开的郁金香。
译文：I sat on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.
44. 原文：我从头到脚淋成个落汤鸡了。
译文：I was drenched from head to foot like a wet chick.
45. 原文：合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律，法令和有关条例规定。
译文：All activities of a joint venture should comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People’s Republic of China.
IV. Paragraph Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15 points)
46. President Clinton realized — as all of us must —that today’s economy is global. We live in an era in which information, goods and capital speed around the globe, every hour of every day. Whether we like it or not, all of our fortunes are tied together. We are truly interdependent.
America supports international trade because we believe fundamentally that trade will enrich those nations who embrace its discipline. The great promise of trade is its potential to promote mutual prosperity —and to strengthen the bonds between sovereign nations.
The U. S. and China both demonstrate the potential of trade to improve the lives of our people. You know better than I the great achievements of the Chinese economy over the past two decades.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (15 points)
47. 生命中不是只有快乐，也不是只有痛苦，快乐和痛苦是相生相成，互相衬托的。
快乐是一抹微云，痛苦是压城的乌云，这不同的云彩，在你生命的天边重叠着，在“夕阳无限好”的时候，就给你造成一个美丽的黄昏。
一个生命到了“只是近黄昏”的时节，落霞也许会使人留恋，惆怅。但人类的生命是永不止息的。地球不停地绕着太阳自转。
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试
1. If machines really thought as men do, there would be no more reason to fear them than to fear men.A. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕它们的理由就没有比怕人的理由多。
B. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕它们，正如没有理由怕人一样。
C. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么怕人的理由就没有比怕它们的理由多。
D. 如果机器真的像人一样思维，那么就没有理由怕人，正如没有理由怕它们一样。
2. James Bringley of Straffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village.
A. 1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家庭，17岁那年，他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。
B. 斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的农村家庭，17岁那年，他就在磨坊工作。
C. 斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，出生在一个贫困的农村家庭，1733年，在他17岁时，靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始了自我奋斗的历程。
D. 1733年，斯塔福郡的詹姆斯·布林德雷，在他17岁时，靠改良磨坊的水车轮，便开始了自我奋斗的历程，他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。
3. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science.
A. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于科学的两个不同方面。
B. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于两个不同的科学方面。
C. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同科学的两个方面。
D. 然而，很多人相信，我们的进步有赖于不同的两个科学方面。
4. But there have been negative effects also, standing on a sandy beach at the mouth of the Rosetta branch of the Nile, I was puzzled by what seemed a ghost town.
A. 但是也有不良的后果。站在洛塞塔河口的沙滩上——尼罗河的一个支流，仿佛我看见了一座鬼城，令人毛骨悚然。
B. 但是也有不良的后果。洛塞塔河是尼罗河的一个支流，我站在河口的沙滩上，仿佛看见了一座鬼城，令人毛骨悚然。
C. 但是也有不良的后果。站在洛塞塔河口的沙滩上——尼罗河的一个支流，我仿佛看见了一个被人遗弃的小镇，感到迷惑不解。
D. 但是也有不良的后果。洛塞塔河是尼罗河的一个支流，我站在河口的沙滩上，看见了一个仿佛被人遗弃的小镇，感到迷惑不解。
5. Secondly, we embarked on a reasoned policy to ensure steady economic growth, the modernization of industry, and a proper balance between public and private expenditure.
A. 第二，我们采取了深思熟虑的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。
B. 第二，我们采取了合情合理的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。
C. 第二，我们采取了理智通达的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。
D. 第二，我们采取了明事晓理的政策，以保证经济的稳步发展、工业的现代化以及公私支出之间的适当平衡。
6. 一切文学家、艺术家只有联系群众，表现群众，把自己当作群众忠实的代言人，他们的工作才有意义。
Which of the following translation versions is NOT correct?
A. No writers or artists can do any significant work unless they are closely linked with the masses, give expressions to their thoughts and feelings, and serve them as loyal spokesmen.
B. All writers and artists only link with masses, express masses and speak loyally for masses, their work can be significant.
C. Only by being closely linked with masses, expressing their thoughts and feelings and serving them as loyal spokesmen can writers and artists do any significant work.
D. Writers or artists can’t do any significant work if they are not closely linked with masses, portrait them or serve them as loyal spokesmen.
7. 合营者的注册资本如果转让必须经合营各方同意。
A. In case any of the joint venturers wishes to assign his registered capital, he must obtain the consent of the other partners.
B. The registered capital if assigned must be agreed by all the partners to the venture.
C. In ease the registered capital of the joint venturers wishes to be assigned, it must obtain the consent of the other partners.
D. The registered capital if assigning must be agreed by all the partners to the venture.
8. 在不断增加粮食生产的基础上，河南省的农民正在进一步发展多种经济。
A. On the basis of steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further diversifying their economy.
B. Based on steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further diversifying their economy.
C. As steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further expanding their diversified economy.
D. Like steadily developing grain production, farmers in Henan Province are further expanding their diversified economy.
9. 人们跑来跑去，显然发生了不寻常的事情。
A. People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened.
B. People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened.
C. People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had been happened.
D. People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had been happened.
10. 昨晚上她发高烧，一会儿热，一会儿冷!脸上红得像抹了胭脂。
A. Last night, she ran a fever, burning hot one moment and icy cold the next. Face as red as rouge.
B. Last night, she ran a fever, sometimes hot and sometimes cold. Her face was as red as if she put some rouge on it.
C. Last night, she ran a fever, burning hot one moment and icy cold the next. Her face was as red as if she put some rouge on it.
D. Last night, she ran a fever, sometimes hot and sometimes cold. Face as red as rouge.
B. Directions: This part consists of five unfinished statements, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes each statement. (Please write the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. )
11. ______认为，“凡是翻译，必须兼顾着两面，一当然力求其易解，一则保存着原作的丰姿。”
A.瞿秋白
B.赵景深
C.鲁迅
D.郭沫若
12. 用严复提出的标准来衡量他译的《天演论》，可以看出他对______十分重视，但对______并不十分重视。
A.“信”……“雅”
B.“雅”……“信”
C.“信”……“达”
D.“雅”……“达”
13. According to Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber, “if all languages differ in form, then quite naturally the forms must be altered if one is to preserve the______.”
A. literal meaning
B. content
C. contextual meaning
D. construction
14. 王佐良在《翻译中的文化比较》一文中谈及了译者的“文化意识”问题。他认为翻译者必须______。
A. “是一个真正意义上的文化人”
B. “养成认真负责、谦虚谨慎的学风”
C. 具有逻辑分析这张“王牌”
D. 注意由于中西思维方式不同而造成的英汉语言的各种差异
15. 原文：绝对不许违反这个原则。
译文：No violation of this principle can be tolerated.
对原文中的黑体部分，此句的译者采用的主要翻译技巧是______。
A.减词
B.从抽象到具体
C.词类转换
D.从具体到抽象
Ⅱ. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point for each)
A. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into Chinese. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
16. exclusive right 17. A1-Qaeda 18. livestock raiser 19. epicenter 20. bear market
21. arable land 22. CPI 23. historic sites 24. bull’s-eye 25. urban dweller
B. Directions: Turn the following words and phrases into English. (Please write your answer on the answer sheet.)
26.文学界27.节能减排28.火炬接力29.一项长期的战略任务30.法律咨询31.反腐败32.畅销书33.自然资源34.海峡两岸关系35.双赢
Ⅲ. Translation Revision (20 points, 2 points for each)
A. Directions: Correct or improve the translation of the following sentences. (Please write your revised translation on the answer sheet.)
Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海型气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海型气候。
36. 原文：It’s true that many new homes are rising in many old cornfields. But for the most part, life in the vast area of American heartland remains pretty much the same as it was 30 or 40 years ago.
译文：诚然，往昔的玉米地里矗立起一座座住宅。但大体上，美国中部广大地区的生活依然很美好，恰如三四十年前一样。
37. 原文：The importance of this conference cannot be overestimated.
译文：这次会议的重要性不能被过分强调。
38. 原文：While digging in the hills, some settlers perceived the region’s farming and stock-raising possibilities.
译文：在山区采矿的同时，有些移民已经看到这些地区的农业和畜牧业的可能性。39. 原文：The annual total of telephone calls between UK and Canada has increased seven
times.
译文：英国和加拿大之间的年通话总量增长了七倍。
40. 原文：In the evening, after the banquet, the concert and the exhibition, the premier would work on the drafting of documents.
译文：晚上，在宴会、音乐会和展览以后，总理还得起草公文。
B. Directions: Correct or improve the translation of the following sentences. (Please write your revised translation on the answer sheet.)
Example:
原文：能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：To write a preface to the collection of his essays gives me a great honor.
改译：I find it a great honor to write a preface to the collection of his essays.
41. 原文：上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。
译文：People from Shanghai are easy to understand Suzhou dialect, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.
42. 原文：我们的目标是把中国建设成为一个社会主义现代化强国。
译文：Our goal is to build China into a socialist, modern powerful country.
43. 原文：发动机并不是因为燃料耗尽而停止运转。
译文：The engine stopped not because the fuel was used up.
44. 原文：我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成了交给他的工作。
译文：I have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, and he has also fulfilled his assigned work ahead of schedule.
45. 原文：农村发展的问题就是在这样的基础上提出来的。
译文：The issue of countryside development has raised on such a basis.
IV. Passage Translation (30 points)
A. Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. (Please write your translation on the answer sheet.) (15 points)
46.
Adelaide contains many fine examples of early Australian architecture, including the town hall on King William Street—the wide main N-S thoroughfare. Built from designs by E.W. Wright, a former mayor of the city, the town hall’s foundation stone was laid in 1863.
The city contains many statues and seven fountains. The most spectacular fountain, completed in 1968, is in Victoria Square, the centre of the city’s business section. Its three-sided design, with 34 jets of water and aluminium sculptures, represents the three rivers from which Adelaide draws its water—the Murray (墨累河), the Torrens (托伦斯河) and the Onkaparinga (昂卡帕令加河). Parklands, which separate the city and the suburbs, are preserved in perpetuity for the use of the people.
From 1960, when the first Adelaide Festival of Arts was held, Adelaide gained a reputation as Australia’s cultural centre. As an artistic event, a stimulus to the creative and performing arts in Australia, the Festival has introduced many world-famous artists to millions of Australians.
B. Directions: Translate the following passage into English. (Please write your translation on the answer sheet.) (15 points)
47.
中国是世界上最大的国家之一，她的领土和整个欧洲的面积差不多相等。在我们这片广大的领土上，广阔的肥田沃地，是我们的衣食之源；纵横全国的大小山脉，生长着茂密的森
林，贮藏着丰富的矿产；众多的江河湖泽，给我们以舟楫和灌溉之利；而漫长的海岸线，为我们与海外各民族交往提供方便。自古以来，我们的祖先就劳动、生息、繁殖在这块广大的土地之上。
全国2009年7月高等教育自学考试
1. Chu Teh remembered his age. He was thirty—six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
A. 朱德还记得自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春一去不复返，留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
B. 朱德想起自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已一闪而逝，留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
C. 朱德想起自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已不在了，使他有衰老感和幻灭感。
D. 朱德还记得自己的年龄，他已三十六岁，青春像一路鸣叫的鹰，早已一闪而逝，留给他的是衰老和幻灭。
2. Several times on his trips to China, which he made as a guest of the Chinese government, Bill’s birthday occurred while he was in Beijing.
A. 好几次访问中国，比尔都是作为中国政府的客人，而好几次生日都是在北京度过的。
B. 比尔作为中国政府的客人数次访问中国，好几次都是在北京过的生日。
C. 比尔作为中国政府的客人访问中国，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。
D. 好几次访问中国，比尔都是作为中国政府的客人，好几次都赶上在北京过生日。
3. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just come forth to greet the sweet southern spring.
A. 我几乎是无意识地用手抚摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这新长的叶片和刚开的花朵在南方迎来了芬芳的春天。
B. 我的手指几乎是无意识地抚摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这新长的叶片和刚开的花朵在欢迎南方芬芳的春天。
C. 我几乎是无意识地用手指触摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这叶片和花朵是新生长出来欢迎南方芬芳的春天的。
D. 我几乎是无意识地用手指抚摸着我所熟悉的叶片和花朵，这新长的叶片和花朵在南方迎来了芬芳的春天。
4. Between 1860 and 1910, the number of farms in the US trebled, increasing from 2 million to 6 million while the area farmed more than doubled from 160 million to 352 million hectares.
A. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加了三倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大了一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
B. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加到两倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大了一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
C. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加了两倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大到一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
D. 在一八六○年到一九一○年间，美国的农场数增加了两倍，自二百万个增加到六百万个，耕地的面积扩大了一倍多，从一亿六千万公顷增至三亿五千二百万公顷。
5. The tall, well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a far cry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.
A. 站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣冠楚楚的先生，说起话来无疑与我先前想象的老海怪不同。
B. 站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。
C. 站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣冠楚楚的先生，与我心目中的老海怪隔得很远。
D. 站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪距离很远。
6. 我们要埋头苦干。我们肩上的担子重，责任大啊！
A. We must immerse ourselves in hard work, we have difficult task to accomplish and bear a heavy responsibility on our shoulder.
B. We must immerse ourselves in hard work; we feel a heavy burden on our shoulder and bear a heavy responsibility.
C. We must immerse ourselves in hard work, we have difficult task on our shoulder and bear a heavy responsibility.
D. We must immerse ourselves in hard work; we have difficult task to accomplish and a heavy responsibility to bear.
7. 我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最好境界是无技巧。
A. I’ve also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.
B. I’ve also said recently in another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.
C. I’ve also said recently in another place that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.
D. I’ve also said recently in another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is skilllessness.
8. 在1977年，中国进出口总额还不到150亿美元，仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%。
A. In 1977, the total sum of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, put China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
B. In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $15 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
C. In 1977, the sum total of Chinese imports and exports was less than $150 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
D. In 1977, the total sum of Chinese imports and exports was less than $150 billion, putting China’s share of world trade at 0.6 percent.
9. 提高现在耕地单位面积产量有潜力。
A. Increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land is potential.
B. It is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
C. There is potential for increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
D. It is potential to increase the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land.
10. ……可我从头到脚淋成了落汤鸡了。
A. …. I was drenched f rom head to foot like a drowned hen.
B. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned mouse.
C. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned rat.
D. …. I was drenched from head to foot like a drowned cat.
（二）本部分共有5小题，在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，选择最佳答案完成句子。错选、多选或未选均无分。（10分）
11. 中国第一个系统介绍西方哲学的人是________。
A. 严复
B. 王佐良
C. 林纾
D. 钱钟书
12. 提出“既需求真，又须喻俗”的是________。
A. 阿毗昙
B. 释道安
C. 鸠摩罗什
D. 玄奘
13. 主张直译，同时又提倡保留“神韵”的是________。
A. 郭沫若
B. 茅盾
C. 鲁迅
D. 瞿秋白
14. 提出“重神似不重形似”观点的是________。
A. 钱钟书
B. 傅雷
C. 瞿秋白
D. 许渊冲
15. “I have always aimed at translating sense, not words. ” is expressed by________.
A. Theodore Savory
B. Cicero
C. Saint Jerome
D. A. F. Tytler
二、词语翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）
（一）将下列词语译成中文（10分）
16. full diplomatic relations 17. graduate school 18. racial discrimination
19. bilateral trade 20. a major economy 21. sustainable development 22. traffic congestion
23. the international community 24. gene mutation 25. income tax
（二）将下列词语译成英语（10分）
26. 全国人民代表大会27. 北洋军阀政府28. 劳动密集型产业29. 固定资产
30. 外交部31. 副教授32. 国民生产总值33. 自然遗产34. 全球化35. 生物工程
三、改译题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
（一）下列句子的中译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）Example:原文：Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
译文：阿德莱德享有地中海气候。
改译：阿德莱德属地中海气候。
36. 原文：On that afternoon, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant.
译文：那天下午，我呆呆地，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。
37. 原文：“You mustn’t use all that electricity to please me,”he protested.
译文：他抗议道：“你们不该用这么多电，就为了让我高兴。”
38. 原文：Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.
译文：在农业革命中比之机械不太重要的是科学。
39. 原文：Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation’s basic occupation.
译文：尽管工业取得了很大的进步，但农业保持着国家的基本事业。
40. 原文：Scientists are confident about the formation of coal.
译文：科学家对煤是怎样形成的很自信。
（二）下列句子的英译文有一个或一个以上错误，请加以改正。（10分）Example:
原文：中国在任何情况之下决不首先使用核武器。
译文：At no time China will be the first to use nuclear weapons.
改译：At no time will China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
41. 原文：总之，一个合逻辑，一个合文法，一个较好的修辞，这三点请你们在写文章的时候注意。
译文：In short, to be logical, to be grammatical and to have a better command of rhetoric, these are the three points I would like you to bear in mind when you write.
42. 原文：如今，能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。
译文：Now, to be able to write a preface to this collection of his essays, I find it a great
honor.
43. 原文：我们在面对成绩时，应保持谦虚的态度。
译文：We should keep the attitude of modesty when facing achievements.
44. 原文：鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。
译文：To encourage a foreign joint venturer to deposit in the Bank of China the foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.
45. 原文：当时，许多孩子正在靠近铁轨的地方玩耍，他们那样大胆，不知道危险就在眼前，使我们非常吃惊。
译文：Many children were playing closely to the tracks then, and we were stunned by their ignorance and daring.
四、段落翻译（本大题共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）
（一）将下列短文译成汉语（15分）
46. People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable—without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.
Most Americans have never been out of the country and have very little experience with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or informally. They tend to use first names under most circumstances and speak freely about themselves. So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel. Most people will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.
（二）将下列短文译成英语（15分）
47. 在中国古代史上，黄河被称为中华民族的“母亲”，她哺育了千千万万中华儿女。黄河流域是中华民族的“摇篮”，也是中国文化的发祥地。远古时代，这里曾经草木茂密、植物丰盛，中华民族的祖先便在这块广大的土地上劳动生息。经过数十万年原始社会生活以后，在中国这块辽阔的国土上，黄河流域最早进入农业文明。黄河流域的古都西安、洛阳、开封是北宋以前中国政治、经济和文化的中心。勤劳勇敢的中国人民在这里创造了绚丽多彩的艺术和文化。
全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试
1. Chu Deh remembered his age. He was thirty-six, his youth had passed like a screaming eagle, leaving him old and disillusioned.
A.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
B.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，使他感到衰老和失望。
C.朱德想起了自己的年龄，36岁了，他的青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。
D.朱德想起了自己的年龄，他已36岁了，青春转瞬即逝，留给他的只是衰老和失望。
2. It would have been difficult to find a happier child than I was as I lay in my crib at the close of that eventful day and lived over the joys it had brought me.
A.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中，恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了。
B.在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生活在快乐之中，我比任何孩子都幸福。
C.恐怕再也找不到比我更幸福的孩子了，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，沉浸在快乐之中。
D.我比任何孩子都幸福，就在这个意义重大的日子即将结束的时候，我躺在小床上，生
自考英汉翻译教程重点-推荐下载
英汉翻译教程 一、课程介绍 《英汉翻译教程》是全国高等教育自学考试英语专业本科阶段的一门必考课程。英汉翻译包括英译汉和汉译英，是一门实践性很强的课程。本课程除简单介绍中外翻 译理论知识外，主要是通过对照阅读，引导应考者研究英汉两种语言的差异，找出英汉互 译的规律，用以指导实践。 本课程与英语专业其他课程相辅相成。它作为一门实践课，有赖于英语专业其他课程 为应考者打下良好的英语基础，使应考者掌握一定的词汇量和语法知识，初步达到阅读英 文原著的水平，并有有定的写作能力，因而具备从事英汉翻译的条件。另一方面，通过大 量的翻译实践和语言对比研究，应考者可以进一步认识英汉两种语言各自的特点。例如， 汉语多重复实词，主谓搭配较松多用并列结构；英语英多用代称，主谓搭配较紧，多用主 从结构，等等。这是本课程的重点。但在翻译时，往往因受原文的影响，从容易忽略在译 中体现上述特点。这也就是本课程难学之处。但通常学习本课程，了解了英汉两种语言各 自的特点，并能在翻译实践中恰当地加以运用，定会提高使用两种语言的能力和翻译水平。 这对于应考者打好英语基础，学好英语专业其他课程，也是有益的。 本课程采取单元教学，共分十个单元。单元中每课有对照阅读和练习，并附有提示和解说。每单元有一小结，重点说明通过语言对比可以看出的英汉两种语言各自的特点。 二、学习要求 1. 熟悉英汉两种语言各自的特点； 2. 能将中等难度的英语文章译成汉语，内容准确、内容流畅； 3. 能将比较简易的汉语文章译英语，用词得当，语法平稳。三、试题类型： 第一题：选择题（30分）。 80%来自于课本中每单元后的小结，非常重要， 一定要看。 考点：看似简单的句子的翻译、俚语的翻译、翻译常识等。 第二题：短语翻译：英译汉、汉译英。后面我们给的补充材料中，会包括 80%的题。 第三题：改错题：英译汉、汉译英改错。 第四题： 段落翻译 四、课程内容概要： 第一单元 故事 1．故事选篇。其特点是：以第一人称或第三人称讲述自己或别人的经历。情节具体， 文笔细腻生动。2.语言对比： （1）代词。英语代词用得多，汉语实词用得多。英语可先出代词，后出实词。汉语则先出实词，后出代词。 、管路敷设技术通过管线不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范高中资料试卷问题，而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中，要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等，要求技术交底。管线敷设技术包含线槽、管架等多项方式，为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题，合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则：在分线盒处，当不同电压回路交叉时，应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理；同一线槽内，强电回路须同时切断习题电源，线缆敷设完毕，要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行 高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系，根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求，对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验；对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作；对于继电保护进行整核对定值，审核与校对图纸，编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案，编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案；对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题，作为调试人员，需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料，并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。 、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术，电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时，需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全，并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围，或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理，尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作，并且拒绝动作，来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此，电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术，要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时，需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。
汉英翻译教程
汉英翻译教程
第一章 汉英语言对比 相关参考： 翻译教学和研究的经验表明：翻译理论和技巧必须建立在不同语言和文化的对比分析基础上。英汉互译的几项基本原则和技巧，如选词（Diction）、转换（Conversion）、增补（Amplification）、省略（Omission）、重复（Repetition）、替代（Substitution）、变换（Variation）、倒臵（Inversion）、拆离（Division）、缀合（Combination）、阐释（Annotation）、浓缩（Condensation）、重组（Reconstruction），以及时态、语态、语气、习语、术语等的译法，都集中地体现了英汉的不同特点。机器翻译是让计算机按照人们所制定的程序和指令进行不同语言的对比转换，也离不开对比分析。翻译之所以困难，归根结底是因为语言差异和文化差异。因此，对比、分析和归纳这些差异，便是翻译学的重要任务。 不同语言的对比分析不仅有利于教学和翻译，也有助于语言交际。通过对比分析，人们可以进一步认识外语和母语的特性，在进行交际时，能够有意识地注意不同语言各自的表现方法，以顺应这些差异，防止表达错误，避免运用失当，从而达到交际的目的。 ——连淑能，《英汉对比研究》 纪德是最理解莎士比亚的法国作家之一。在他看来，“没有任何作家比莎士比亚更值得翻译”，但同时，“也没有任何作家比他更难翻译，译文更容易走样”。纪德对莎士比亚的理解是双重的，既是精神的，也是语言的。他在与莎士比亚的相遇与相识中，经历了一系列的考验。对他在翻译中经历的这番历史奇遇，他曾在为七星文库出版的《莎士比亚戏剧集》撰写的前言中作了详尽的描述：描述了两种文化与两种语言之间的遭遇，也揭示了翻译中译者所面临的种种障碍。 纪德首先看到的，是语言与文化层面的逻辑性，这涉及到不同语言的思维方法。他说：“莎士比亚很少考虑逻辑性，而我们拉丁文化缺了逻辑性就踉踉跄跄。莎士比亚笔下的形象相互重现，相互推倒。面对如此丰富的形象，我们可怜的译者目瞪口呆。他不愿意对这种绚丽多彩有丝毫遗漏，因此不得不将英文原本中用仅仅一个词表示的暗喻译成一个句子。原来像蛇一样紧紧盘成一团的诗意，如今成了松开的弹簧。翻译成了解释。逻辑倒是很满意，但魅力不再起作用。莎士比亚的诗句飞跃而过的空间，迟缓的熊虫一瘸一拐才能走完。”在紧密的逻辑与丰富的形象之间，英语与法语的天平有所侧重，在两者的遭遇中，译者的无奈与局限源于文化与语言的巨大差异。 头脑清醒的纪德没有丝毫责备英语或莎士比亚的语言的意思，相反，在翻译莎士比亚的戏剧中，他充分意识到了母语的缺陷。他说：“只有在接触外语时，我们才意识到本国语言的缺陷，因此，只会法语的法国人是看不到缺陷的。”他的这一观点与德国作家歌德的观点几乎是一致的。异之于我，可作一明镜，从异中更清楚地照清自身。在这个意义上，与异语文化的接触，有助于认识母语与母语文化的不足。看清了自身的不足，便有可能从异语异文化中去摄取营养，弥补自身，丰富自身。 在艰难的翻译中，纪德亲历了种种障碍，他结合翻译中的具体例证，作了某
英汉翻译基础教程练习问题详解总主编冯庆华
汉英翻译基础教程 第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2) 第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4) 第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9) 第四章动词的翻译 (11) 第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12) 第六章成语的英译 (13) 第七章修辞格的翻译 (17) 笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19) 第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20) 第十章换序和转态译法 (23) 笫十一章断句合句译法 (25) 笫十二章长句的翻译 (27) 第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29) 第十五章风格与翻译 (30) 第十六章语用与翻译 (32)
第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 第一节翻译中的选义 一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文 1. b 2. a 3. b 4. a 二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配 1． a swarm of bees a brood of chickens a litter of pups 2. a bevy of beautiful ladies a pack of hounds a team of ducks a herd of antelopes 3. unfailing support proactive fiscal policy make effective use of overseas resources 4. make a phone call take a taxi knit a woolen sweater fetch water play basketball spray insecticide 5. basic wage capital construction essential commodity primary industry fundamental interest 三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解 1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern 2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public. 3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 4. Everyone complained against such a practice. 5. They had a dispute at the meeting. 6. You should follow the doctor's advice. 7. They reached a consensus on this issue. 8. There is still some unfinished business to settle. 9. We have consulted him about the matter. 10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now 第二节翻译中的选词 一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。 1. That depends upon circumstances.
2011自考英语翻译试题
2011年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题 I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points each) A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best translation of the original statement in terms of meaning and expressiveness. (Please write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.) 1. A nations greatest wealth is the industry of its people. A.一个国家最大的财富就是民族工业。 B.一个国家最大的财富就是人民的勤劳。 C.一个民族最大的财富就是人民的工业。 D.一个民族最大的财富就是民众的兴旺。 2. Scientists are confident about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil. A.科学家们确实知道煤是怎样形成的，但要是问他们石油是怎样形成的，他们似乎就不那么有把握了。 B.科学家们对煤的形成非常有信心，但是当被问到石油的形成时，他们好像没有那么确信。 C.科学家们对煤的形成非常有信心，但是当被问到石油是怎样形成的，似乎就不那么确信了。 D.科学家们确实知道煤的形成，但要是问他们石油的形成时，似乎就不那么有把握了。 3. I wasnt their enemy, in fact or in feeling. I was their ally. A.在事实上或感情上，我不是他们的敌人。我是他们的盟友。 B.我不是他们的敌人，在事实上或感情上。我是他们的盟友。 C.我不是他们的敌人，在事实上或者在感情上，而是他们的盟友。
自考英汉翻译模拟试题
自考英汉翻译模拟试题 第一部分选择题 PART ONE I ．Multiple Choice Questions(20 points，2 points for each) A ．Directions ：This part consists of five sentences，each followed by four different translations labeled A、B 、C and D．Choose the one that is the most equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness． 1．While doctors can not prove with absolute certainty that smoking causes cancer，a lot of facts show a very strong link between them． ( ) A ．当医生还不能确切证明吸烟致癌的时候，大量事实表明了二者之间确实联系紧密。 B ．尽管医生们无法确切证明吸烟致癌，大量事实表明二者之间确实联系紧密。 C ．尽管医生们无法证明吸烟绝对能够导致癌症，大量事实表明二者之间确实联系紧密。 D ．当医生们还不能证明吸烟绝对能够导致癌症的时候，大量事实表明了二者之间确 实联系紧密。 2．Each of the dreams to be fulfilled is a push for me to advance． ( ) A ．每个梦都要履行，这是我前进的动力。 B ．每个梦都要完成，这是我前进的动力。 C ．一个个要履行的梦想是我前进的动力。 D ．一个个未完成的梦想是我前进的动力。 3．他在国内旅游过的地方，除了井冈山以外，都是我没有到过的! ( ) A ．In China，he has been to many places which I have never visited，with the exception of the Jinggang Mountains． B ．In China，he has been to many places where I have never visited，with the exception of Jinggang Mountains． C ．In China，he has visited many places which I have never been，except for the Jinggang Mountains ．
英汉翻译教程试题
高等教育自学考试冲刺模拟试卷一 （英语专业） 英汉翻译教程（三） Part One I.Multiple Choice Questions （30 points, 2 points for each）A. Directions: This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest equivalent to the original in terms of meaning and expressiveness. 1.For Britain our membership of the European Union and the World Trade Organization has brought this home. A.对英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份把这带到了家。 B.对英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织把我们送到了家。 C.对我们英国来说，我们参加欧盟和世界贸易组织的经历使我们对这一点深有感触。 D.对我们英国来说，我们的欧盟成员和世界贸易组织成员身份使我们如鱼得水。 2.So now he contrived an eager, ingratiating smile, which he bestowed on Mr. Squires. A.因此他就装出急切的、迷人的笑，并投向史奎尔先生。 B.因此他就装出殷切的、拍马的笑，并把这笑赠予史奎尔先生。 C.因此他就对史奎尔先生装出一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 D.因此他就给史奎尔先生设计了一副殷勤、讨好的笑脸。 3. People disappear in that river every year, one of the policemen said to me that afternoon, half in dismay, half in frustration. A. 这条河里年年都有人消失，”当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 B. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 C. 这条河里年年都要死人，”当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。 D. 年年都有人消失在这条河里，”当天下午警察中的一个半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。 4. As recently as the early 1960s, the phrase environmental law ” would probably have produced little more than a puzzled look, even from many lawyers.
自考英汉翻译教程词汇整理
自考英汉翻译教程词汇整理
Unit 1 lesson 1 1. fellow countrymen 同胞 2. average height 中等身材 3. gleaming eyes 闪光的眼睛 4. in his middle twenties 二十多岁 5. to be seated 招呼坐下 6. stand squarely 端正正地站着 7. more than ten years his junior 比她年轻十几岁 8. revolutionary road 革命道路 9. Chinese communist Party中共 10. full member 正式成员 11. membership 党籍 12. keep a secret 保密 Lesson 2 1. immeasurable contrast 迥然不同 2. to and fro 走来走去 3. upturn face 仰着脸 4. sweet spring 芬芳的春天 5. anger and bitterness 又气愤又苦恼 6. dense fog 大雾 7. tense and anxious 紧张而焦急
8. 五一的下午on the afternoon of May 1st 9. 无言的呼唤wordless cry 10. 探测绳sounding-line Lesson 3 1. 各种流派的different schools 2. 前两天a few days ago 3. 受限制be restricted/be subjected to 4. 传统观念traditional thinking 5. 不合理的制度irrational system 6. 最高境界the highest state 7. 浓妆艳抹heavy make up 8主人公chief character/principal character 9. 花言巧语flowery language 10.社会进步人性发展social progress and human development Unit 2 Lesson 4 1. 工业革命Industrial Revolution 2. 多功能的机器multi-purpose machine 3. 出于自愿和兴趣on one’s own account, out of interest 4. 新兴城市the rising town
(完整版)大学英语翻译全教程(完美版)练习与作业
翻译理论与实践课作业 天津科技大学外语学院 作业一：字词的翻译 一、词的理解 1.一词多义： wet She had a wet nurse for the infant Elliot. If you think I am for him, you are all wet. She wet her pants at the news. State state and revolution, state of the union the united states. 3.词义引申：抽象化、具体化 Every life has its roses and thorns. She stood there chewing over the strange thing. The engine sounds good. At 23, he had first learned what it is to be a Negro. 4.词的褒贬：comment Alice was excited as a child, delighted to be once more the center of the comment. But what a comment, she could not help reflecting, on her own charms. He walked around the room. He then stopped and looked around, “comment” ? 5.词的轻重：看词类、看场合、看句型、看习惯等等。Through；free He slept the night through. There is a through train to Beijing. Through this way, they finished the task. She is free with her money. I made her free of my library. 二、词义的表达 1.直译法 dark horse Hot dog Forbidden fruit 暴发户半边天红卫兵 2意译法 blue jacket the yellow leaf Wet blanket 炒鱿鱼下海白拿 3.直译意译结合法 the apple of one’s eye as dull as a goose Once in a blue moon as cool as a cucumber Black sheep as timid as a rabbit 4.音译法
《英汉翻译基础教程》 笔记及习题(篇章翻译)【圣才出品】
第7单元篇章翻译 7.1 复习笔记 语篇通常指一系列连续的语段或句子构成的语言整体。语篇包括“话语”（discourse）和“篇章”（text）。语篇特征为：连贯、衔接，且具有明确的论题结构。 一、衔接 根据Halliday和Hasan的著作《英语中的衔接》，衔接手段大致可分为两种：语法衔接手段（grammatical cohesion）和词汇衔接手段（lexical cohesion）。前者又可以包括指称（reference）、省略（ellipsis）、替代（substitution）和连词（conjunction）。 1. 指代 指代主要分为三类：人称指代、指示指代和比较指代。 英语中，为了实现衔接，一般尽量采用代词指代前面出现的名词。汉语倾向于重复前文出现的名词，或者采用“零式指称”，省略主语。例： My friend looked somewhat ill at ease when he told me this: At the time when he bought this big house, his children had all been at school. Now they had their own homes and jobs. 【译文】朋友有点不好意思地说，买这座房子时，孩子们还在上学，如今都成家立业了。 2. 省略
省略可以分为名词省略、动词省略和小句省略。例： I had many wonderful ideas, but I only put a few into practice. 【译文】我有很多美妙的想法，但是只把少数付诸实践了。 3. 替代 “替代”指用较简短的语言形式替代上文中的某些词语，使行文简练流畅。 （1）名词替代比较常见的是使用one代替前文出现的某个名词。例： Carrie picked out the new abode because of its newness and bright wood—work. It was one of the very new ones supplied with steam heat, which was a great advantage.（Sister Carrie, Dreiser, T） 【译文】嘉莉选中这套新居所，是因为它是新建的，而且房间的木质部分色泽鲜亮，屋里有暖气，这是当时最新的房子才有的。 【分析】原文中，ones替代了abode；译文中，“房子”与其前面的“居所”构成同义词。 （2）动词替代经常是用助动词do的几种形式来代替前文出现的某个动词或动作意义。例： And yet this John Openshaw seems to me to be walking amid even greater perils than did the Sholtos. 【译文】可是在我看来，这个约翰·奥彭肖似乎是正在面临着比舒尔托更大的危险。 【分析】原文中，did替代了walked amid peril；译文中，该处同样进行了省略处理。 （3）小句替代使用指示代词指代前文出现的某一小句或者某一概念。例： “Well, I’ve got twenty-two dollars, but there’s everything to be paid for this
自考本科英语专业《英汉翻译教程》词汇翻译汇总
自考本科英语专业《英汉翻译教程》词汇翻译汇总 2012年4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 16. gamma rays 伽马射线17. the New Testament 《新约全书》 18. ecologist 生态学者19. entrepreneurial spirit 创业精神 20. court of appeals 上诉法院21. Royal Society 皇家学会 22. a letter of patent 授权书23. consecutive interpretation 交替翻译 24. instrument of ratification 批准书25. the six-party talks 六方会谈 B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 26.诺贝尔奖获得者the Nobel Prize Winner 27.福利基金welfare fund 28.国际经济合作International Economic Cooperation29.珠江三角洲Pear River Delta 30.北洋军阀政府the Northern Warlord Government31.民族团结ethnic harmony 32.金融服务业financial services 33.大陆架continental shelf 34.世界文化遗产world cultural legacy 35.联合国教科文组织United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 2011年7月 A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man 身材瘦长17.country-wide trade 国内贸易 18.the Ethiopian highlands 埃塞俄比亚高原 19.economic policy经济政策20.great-grandmother 外祖母 21.open sea 公海 22.part-time river 季节性河流23.mineral oil 矿物油 24.environmental law环境保护法25.welcoming banquet 欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学play truant27.军阀政府Warlord Government 28.九龙壁Nine-Dragon Wall 27.基本方针basic policies30.游记travels 31.祥林嫂Aunt Xianglin 28.排队queue up33.大陆架continental shelf 34.董事会board 35.深刻影响profound impact 2011年4月 16. appreciation dinner答谢宴会17. birth defect 天生缺陷 18. applied entomology 应用昆虫学19. member state 成员国(缔约国） 20. maternity hospital 妇产科医院21. over-the-counter medicine成药
实用汉英翻译教程 参考答案
Beidaihe Seaside Resort The Beidaihe Seaside Resort, a famous summer resort in China, lies 15 kilometers southwest of Qinghuangdao. With the Bohai Sea to its south and the Lianfeng Mountains to its north, the resort enjoys a long coastline, fine beaches and a calm sea, ideal for bathing. Moreover, the weather at the seaside is mild all the year round with the temperature in the hottest month averaging only 23°C. The sea wind by day and the land breeze by night make the place a best summer vacationland. The natural charm of Beidaihe is breathtaking. The East and West Lianfeng Mountains with their luxurious pines and cypresses and grotesque rocks extend far into the distance. In front of the mountains lies a vast expense of ocean stretching to the horizon while beautiful villas and buildings dot the green landscape. On the East Lianfeng Mountain, a rock looks just like a lotus flower, and two other rocks on the West Lianfeng Mountain, standing face to face, resemble two persons having a conversation. Meng Jiangnu Temple Meng Jiangnu Temple, 6.5 kilometers to the east of Shanhaiguan Pass, was first built in 1594, the 22nd year of the reign of Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that the husband of a women named Meng Jiangnu was sent to work on the Great Wall. To bring him winter clothes, Meng Jiangnu came to Shanghaiguan Pass from thousands of miles away. When she was told that her husband had died at work, she cried her heart out. Her tears of anguish bust the Great Wall and she jumped into the sea and died. Later, a temple was built in memory of her. It stands on the top of a hill, with stone steps leading to it. There are two halls in the temple. In the front hall stands the clay statue of Meng Jiangnu in plain white clothes, facing the sea with a sorrow look. In the rear hall is the statue of the Goddess of Mercy. Behind the hall is the “Rock of Waiting for the Husband”, the marks on which are said to be Meng Jiangnu’s footp rints. Nearby stands her Dressing Pavilion. Beijing-Toronto Hotel/Jinglun Hotel Beijing-Toronto is located on Jiangguomenwai Avenue, downtown Beijing, in the vicinity of the embassy quarters, Friendship Store and a number of major commercial buildings, with the world-famous Tian An Men Square only ten minutes away. Beijing-Toronto has 659 spacious rooms and suites, with wide comfortable beds. They are all equipped with modern facilities such as central air-conditioning, color TV with satellite transmitted programs, IDD and DDD calls and mini-bars, meeting international standards. In our room, one cannot help but feel cozy, comfortable and satisfied.
英汉互译教程要略
英汉互译教程总复习 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。 17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness. 主人对他的冷淡使他更加不自在。 23．I could have laughed to hear him talk like this.
汉英翻译基础教程期末考试总结
第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68) 粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves) 海阔天空to talk with random( with a vast sea and boundless sky) 灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious (with red lights and green wine) 纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold) 单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth (with a solitary spear and a single horse) 赤胆忠心ardent loyalty (with red gut and heart) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness (to get into every hole) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated (to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath) 开门见山to come straight to the point (to open the door and see the mountain) 大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking) 二．翻译下列句子 （1）这是他们夫妻之间的事情，你去插一脚干吗？ That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? （2）别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全，真是个顺风耳啊！ You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. You are really well informed. （3）这消息让我出了一身冷汗。 I’m extremely terrified by the news. （4）她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。 She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school. （5）我不敢班门弄斧，诚望您发表高见。 I dare not show off in the presence of（在……面前）an expert. I hope you would be kind enough to enlighten（启发，启蒙）us on this matter. （6）敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder. （7）敌军军官听说后路已被切断，吓得目瞪口呆。 The enemy officer was stunned by the news that the route of retreat had been cut off. （8）这些问题盘根错节，三言两语说不清楚。 These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.