专业英语 豪斯医生
利用美剧(电影)练习口语的方法
利用美剧（电影）练习口语的方法（薄荷英语）1.美剧选择有讲究——多对话、生活化！并不是所有类型的美剧都适合用来作为学习的素材，比如《24小时》《尼基塔》这类动作片，情节紧张、场面恢弘，但享受完刺激的剧情后留在你耳边的或许只有阵阵枪声和爆炸声了；而像《律师本色》(The Practice)、《波士顿法律》(Boston Legal)、《豪斯医生》(House)、《急诊室的故事》(ER) 这类美剧中充斥着太多的专业术语，如果不是相关专业的学生有学专业英语的需要，这类剧对你的日常口语帮助也并不是太大。
所以，选择美剧的根本原则是——多对话、生活化2.观看方式有要求既然把美剧当做练习口语的素材，看美剧就绝对不仅仅是for pleasure，看过一遍就算了。
这里的建议是：吃透一部剧至少要看四遍!对，你没有看错，就是四遍!至于这四遍该怎么看，有以下两套方案供你参考。
方案一：中文字幕—英文字幕—无字幕—英文字幕。
方案二：无字幕—中文字幕-英文字母-无字幕。
方案一：适合基础特别薄弱的同学第一遍：主要是用来了解和享受剧情，所以看着中文字幕可以帮你扫清理解上的障碍。
这遍不要有任何压力，只要弄清人物关系，可以概括出故事情节就可以。
第二遍：英文字幕，最好把剧本的电子版也下载下来。
需要你拿好纸和笔，听到不懂的就暂停，有生词查字典、遇到好的表达随时记下来。
第三遍：关掉所有字幕，看看自己是否能听出一些地道的表达，对于第二遍中遇到的特表好的对话或者旁白、独白，可以选一个小片段进行听写训练。
最后一遍：再次放上英文字幕，边听边看，巩固前面所学的地道表达，对于自己喜欢的经典片段，可以关掉声音，进行配音模仿，并将自己的声音录下来，与原音比较，不断进行调整和完善。
方案二：适合有一定基础的同学第一遍：关掉所有字幕，看自己能理解多少。
其实从交际理解的角度来说，口头语言(Oral language)只占到35%，而非语言因素(paralanguage，指除了听说之外的眼神交流、肢体动作等)则占到65%。
豪斯医生第1季1-7集中英对照台词
House M.D豪斯医生第一季1-7集中英对照台词1x01Pilot[Bell Rings]Why are you late?You're not goingto like the answer.I already know the answer.I missed the bus.I don't doubt it.No bus stops near Brad's.You spent the night,the alarm didn't work-or maybe it did.I didn't sleep with him.Girl, either there's something-为什么迟到了?你不会喜欢我的答案的我已经知道了我错过公共汽车了没错Brad家附近没有公共汽车你过了一晚闹钟没响也许响了我没和他睡觉小姐要么是你-I missed the bus!我错过公共汽车了!There's something either very wrong with you or something very wrong with him.There's nothing wrong with him. Please tell me you know that for a fact.Melanie,I gotta go.You're lying, aren't you?I wouldn't lie to you.Good 要么是你有毛病要么是他有毛病他没什么问题你敢说那是事实?Melanie我得上课了你在撒谎对吧?morning,guys!我不会骗你的大家早上好! [Class]Good morning,MissRebecca!早上好Rebecca小姐!Everybody's in their seats?Yes.大家都坐好了吗?坐好了Okay.Sydney,why don't you tell us what you did this weekend?好Sydney可以告诉我们你这周末干什么了吗?[Child]She look-她去-Come on,Sydney.We know you're加油Sydney我们知道你不not shy.害羞How come we always have to tell you what we did,and you never tell us what you did?[Girls Giggling]为什么总是我们告诉你我们的事而你从不给我们讲你的事呢?Okay.好吧I had a really great weekend.我的周末真的很不错-But you can't tell Miss Melanie, okay?-What did you do?-但你不能告诉Melanie小姐好吗?-你干什么了?I made a new friend.我交了个新朋友It's so much fun to make newfriends,isn't it?交新朋友很有趣对吧? Yeah.Yeah.对没错Did you tell your mom and dad aboutyour new friend?你告诉你爸爸妈妈了吗? Absolutely.当然You should never keep anythingfrom your parents.-And I told mine-[Gibberish]-你永远不应该欺骗你的父母[Class Laughs]我告诉我@#$%& [Chuckles]-Wha--[Giggling Continues]-怎么@!#*&[Gibberish Continues]@#$#%!!Ca-Ba-Ca-Ba-Ha-Ba-Cra-Ha-Ba-Cra-C-A-L-C-A-L-H-E-"The.!"H-E-"The!"We know that word."The."我们认得那个字"The"-[Groans]-[Gasps][Groaning]Twenty-nine-year old female. First seizure one month ago.29岁女性一个月前第一次发病Lost the ability to speak.Babbled失去语言能力像个婴儿一like a baby.样Progressive deterioration ofmental status.意识水平逐渐退化You see that?They all assume I'm a patient because of this cane. So put on a white coat like the rest of us.I don't want them to think I'm a doctor.You see where the administration might have a problem with that attitude?你看就因为这根藤条他们都以为我是个病人那就像我们一样穿件白大褂我不想让他们认为我是个医生你知道老板不会喜欢那个的People don't want a sick doctor.人们不喜欢生病的医生That's fair enough.I don't likehealthy patients.没错我不喜欢健康的病人The29-year old female-The one who can't talk?I like that part.29岁的女性不能说话的那个?我喜欢那个She's my cousin.她是我表妹And your cousin doesn't like thediagnosis.而你表妹不喜欢那个诊断I wouldn't either.我也不喜欢Brain tumor.She's going to die.Boring.脑瘤她快死了无聊No wonder you're such a renowned diagnostician.You don't need to actually know anything to figure out what's wrong.You're the oncologist.I'm just a lowly infectious disease guy.难怪你这么有名了你不需要任何东西就知道哪儿出了毛病你才是肿瘤专家我只是个低贱的传染病学家Yes.Just a simple country doctor.哈哈一个乡村医生Brain tumors at her age are highly unlikely.她这种年龄得脑瘤看起来不大可能She's29.Whatever she's got is她才29她得什么都不大可highly unlikely.能The protein markers for the three most prevalent brain cancers came up negative.That's an b.Might as well have sent it to a high school kid with a chemistry set.脑瘤的三个主要蛋白质指标都没问题一个H.M.O.(健康维护组织)实验室可能只是让一个高中生化验一下而已No family history.没有家庭病史I thought your uncle died of cancer.Other side.No environmental factors.That you know of. And she's not responding to 我以为你叔叔死于癌症来着另外没有环境因素你知道的radiation treatment.而且她对辐射治疗没有反应None of which is even close to dispositive.All it does is raise one question: Your cousin goes to an H.M.O.? Come on.Why leave all the fun for the coroner?What's the point of putting together a team if you're not gonna use them?You've got three overqualified doctors working for you,getting bored.但这些都不能肯定什么主要问题是你表妹相信H.M.O.?好了干吗把好玩的都留给验尸官?你手下那么多人干嘛不用?你手下有三个优秀的医生无聊得要死[Man]It's a lesion.病灶And the big green thing in the middle of the bigger blue thing on a map...而地图上一大片蓝色中间的绿色...is an island.是个岛I was hoping for something a bitmore creative.我期待你们更有创意一点Shouldn't we be speaking to the patient before we start diagnosing?我们下结论之前不应该和病人谈谈吗?-Is she a doctor?-No,But--她是医生吗?-不是可-Everybody lies.-Dr.House doesn't like dealing with patients.Isn't treating patients why we became doctors?No.Treating illnesses is why we became doctors.Treating patients is what makes -每个人都会撒谎-House 医生不喜欢与病人接触我们当医生不是为了治疗病人吗?不我们当医生是为了治疗疾病most doctors miserable.治疗病人则让医生变得可悲So you're trying to eliminate the humanity from the practice of medicine?If we don't talk to them,they can't lie to us,and we can't lie to them.所以你试着消灭医疗中的人性?我们不见他们他们就没办法对我们撒谎我们也不会对他们撒谎Humanity's overrated.你太高估人性了-I don't think it's a tumor.-First year medical school-if you hear hoofbeats,you think horses, not zebras.Are you in first year medical school?No.First of all,there's nothing on the CAT scan.-我不认为是肿瘤-医学院的菜鸟-如果你听到瘟疫你会想到马不是人你现在是医学院的菜鸟吗?不是首先电脑辅助断层扫瞄没有任何结果Second of all,if this is a horse,第二如果她是肿瘤then her kindly family doctor in Trenton makes the obvious diagnosis,and it never gets near this office.她在Trenton的家庭医生就能做诊断了她也不会跑到我们这儿来Differential diagnosis,people.特别诊断大伙If it's not a tumor,what are the suspects?Why couldn't she talk? Aneurysm,stroke or some other ischemic syndrome.-Get her a contrast M.R.I.-Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?如果不是肿瘤那会是什么?她为什么不能说话?动脉瘤中风或其它脑血管疾病-给她做个比对核磁共振-Creutzfeldt-Jakob氏症?-Mad cow?-Mad zebra.-疯牛病?-疯马病Wernicke's encephalopathy.Wernicke氏脑病No. Blood thiamine level wasnormal.不血硫胺素水平正常The lab in Trenton could have screwed up the blood tests.I assume it's a corollary if"people lie"that"people screw up."Redraw the blood tests and get her scheduled for that contrastM.R.I.ASAP.Let's find out what kind of zebra we're treating here.[Woman On P.A.]Radiology,please call the page.Trenton的实验室可能搞砸了血液测试我想如果"人们会撒谎"那么"人们会犯错"重做血液测试尽快安排她的核磁共振我们得找出我们到底治的是什么病放射科请立刻给院办打电话Radiology,please call the page.放射科请立刻给院办打电话I was expecting you in my office 20minutes ago.Really?Well,that's odd because I had no intention of being in your office20minutes ago.You think we have nothing to talk about?No.I just can't think of anything I'd be interested in.我在办公室里等了你20分钟了真的?真奇怪我可不知道20分钟前我要去你办公室你以为我们没什么好谈的?不我不知道有什么我感兴趣的东西I sign your paychecks.I have tenure.Are you gonna grab my cane now, stop me from leaving?That would be juvenile.I can still fire you if you're not doing your job.I'm here from9:00 to5:00.Your billings are practically nonexistent.Rough year.You ignore requests for consults.I call back.Sometimes I misdial.You're six years behind on your obligations to the clinic. See?I was right.This doesn't interest me.Six years times three weeks-you owe me better than four months.我给你发薪水我的职位是终身的我现在能走吗?你要不要拉着我的拐杖我没那么幼稚你不干你的工作我还可以炒了你我天天朝九晚五你什么都没干艰难的一年你故意不理那些找你咨询的人我有打电话不过有时候拨错号了你的门诊时间已经缺了六年了我说的没错吧?我对这没兴趣六年乘三周你欠我四个多月It's5:00.I'm going home.5:00了我要走了To what?去哪儿?Nice.回家Look,Dr.House,the only reason why I don't fire you...is because your reputation is still worth something to this hospital.Excellent.We have a point of agreement-you're not gonna fire me.Your reputation won't last if you don't do your job.听着House医生我雇你的唯一原因...是因为你的名誉对医院还有好处好极了这么说你不会炒我鱿鱼了如果你不干活你哪来的名誉The clinic is part of your job.I门诊是你的职责我想要你want you to do your job.做你的工作But,as the philosopherJagger once said,"You can't always get what you want."You're not my doctor.Are you Dr. House?但是哲学家Jagger曾经说过"你不会总是得到你想要的"你不是我的医生你是House 医生吗?Thankfully,no.I'm Dr.Chase.幸好不是我是Chase医生Dr.House is the head of diagnostic medicine.He's very busy,but he has taken a keen interest in your case.House医生是门诊部门的主任他很忙但他已经决定亲自诊断你的病We inject gadolinium into a vein.我们向你的血管中注射钆It distributes itself throughoutyour brain and acts as a contrast material for the magnetic resonance imager.Basically,whatever's in your head lights up like a Christmas tree.-It might make you feel a little light-headed.-Dr.Cameron.I'm sorry.I have to stop you. There is a problem.它在你脑中扩散并为核磁共振仪发挥成像的作用简单说就是把你的脑袋变成一棵圣诞树-你可能会有一点头晕-Cameron医生抱歉你得停一下我们有点问题You pulled my authorization!你取消了我的授权! Yes.Why are you yelling?没错你干嘛这么嚷?No M.R.I.'s,no imaging studies, no labs.You also can't make long distance 不能做核磁共振X光不能做实验室化验phone calls.你还不能打长途电话-If you're going to fire me,have the guts to face me.-Or photocopies.You're still yelling.-你要解雇我就得有勇气面对我-还有照片你还在嚷I'm angry!You're risking a patient's life.-I assume those are two separate points.-you showed me disrespect.You embarrassed me.And as long as I work here,you have no legal-Is the yelling designed to scare me?Because I'm not sure what it is I'm supposed to be scared of.More yelling?我生气了!你在冒一个人生命的险-我想那是两个不相干的问题-你不尊重我你羞辱我只要我还在这儿工作你就没有你想吓我吗?因为我不知道我应该怕什么对我大叫?That's not scary.那没什么好怕的That you're going to hurt me? That's scary.But I'm pretty sure I can outrun you.Oh,I looked into that philosopher you quoted-Jagger.And you're right,you can't always get what you want.But as it turns out,"If you try sometimes,you get what you need." So,because you want me to treat patients,you're not letting me treat patients?你要打我?我倒是怕这个但我确定你跑不过我哦我查了你提到的那个哲学家Jagger没错你不能总是得到你想要的但同时还有"如果你努力有时你会得到你需要的"也就是说因为你想让我治疗病人你不让我治疗病人?I need you to do your job.我需要你做你的工作[Sighs]Do the M.R.I.She folded.做核磁共振吧搞定了I've got to do four hours a week in this clinic until I make up the time I've missed.我得一个礼拜在门诊干四个小时直到补全我欠下的2054.I'll be caught up in2054.2054年2054年我才能补全You better love this cousin awhole lot.你最好超喜欢你这个表妹All right,Rebecca,I know you mayfeel a little claustrophobic inthere,好了Rebecca 我知道你可能有点幽闭恐惧症but we need you to remain still.但我希望你不要动[Chase]Okay,we're going tobegin.[Machinery Clicking][Thumping,Clicking Continues]好我们开始吧I don't feel so good.我不太舒服[Chase]It's all right.Just tryto relax.[Loud Humming]没关系放松点[Gasping]-Rebecca?-[Gasping Continues]-Rebecca?Rebecca?Rebecca?Rebecca?Rebecca?Get her out of there.Oh,she probably fell asleep.She's exhausted.She was claustrophobic 30seconds ago.-She's not sleeping.We gotta gether out of there.-It'll just beanother minute.If she's having an allergicreaction to the gadolinium,she'll be dead in two minutes.把她送出来噢她也许睡着了她累坏了她30秒之前还有幽闭恐惧症-她没睡觉我们有麻烦了-只要一分钟就好如果她对钆过敏两分钟之后她就会死Hold her neck.All right.抬起她的脖子好了Oh,she's ashen.她的脸变白了She's not breathing.Epi,.5.她不呼吸了阿托品5毫升[Oxygen Hissing]Come on.快啊I can't ventilate.气囊按不动-Too much edema.Where's the -水肿太厉害气管手术包surgical airway kit?-[Chase]ing.呢?-就来Good call.干得好[Oxygen Pumping]We'll get that tube out of your throat later today.今天稍晚时候我们会把管子取出来Just get some rest for now,okay?先休息一下吧好吗? Told you.You can't trust people.跟你说过了别轻信别人She probably knew she was allergic to gadolinium.Figured it was an easy way to get someone to cut a hole in her throat.Can't get a picture.Gonna have to get a thousand words.You actually want me to talk to the patient,get a history?We need to know if there's some genetic or environmental cause that's triggering an inflammatory response.她也许知道她对钆过敏以为是个让人切开她喉咙的好办法拍不到一张照片就得问一千句话你真的希望我和病人谈话弄个病史?我们得知道是不是有遗传或者环境因素引起的发炎反应I thought everybody lied.我以为所有人都撒谎来的Truth begins in lies.真相来自于谎言Think about it.好好想想That doesn't mean anything,does it?12:52p.m.Dr.House checks in. Please write that down.Do you have cable TV here 他在胡扯对吧?中午12:52House医生上工记下来somewhere?你们这边有监视器吗?General Hospital starts in eightminutes.一般门诊8分钟之后开始No TV,but we've got patients.没有监视器可我们有病人Can't you give out the aspirin yourself?I'll do paperwork.I made sure your first case was an interesting one.Cough just won't go away?Runny nose looks a funny color? Patient admitted complaining of back spasms.Oh?I think I read about something like that in the New England Journal of Medicine.Patient is orange.你自己不能发阿司匹林吗?我得做文书工作我保证你第一个案子就很有趣不停咳嗽?鼻子的颜色很可笑?病人说有背部痉挛哦?我记得在新英格兰医药杂志上读过类似的东西病人是橙色的The color?No,the fruit.颜色?不就像桔子You mean yellow.It's jaundice.I mean orange.Well,how orange?It's probably-Exam room one.[Woman On P.A.]Dr.Kahn,you're needed in pediatrics.I was playing golf and my cleats got stuck.It hurt a little,but I kept playing.The next morning,I could barely stand up.Well,you're smiling,so I take it that means this isn't serious.你是说黄色黄疸病我是说橙色有多橙色?可能是-一号检查室Kahn医生请到儿科我在打高尔夫胸部被戳了一下有点疼但我没有停第二天早上我几乎站不起来了啊你在微笑我想那意味着并不严重What's that?What are you doing?那是什么?你干嘛呢? Painkillers.止疼片Oh,for you.For your leg.No, 'cause they're yummy.You want one?Make your back feel better.-啊你的你的腿-不它们很好吃你想要一个?让你的背好受一点Unfortunately,you have a deeper不幸的是你有个大麻烦problem.Your wife is having an affair.你老婆有外遇了-What?-You're orange,youmoron.-什么?-你变颜色了白痴It's one thing for you not to notice,but if your wife hasn't picked up on the fact that her husband has changed colors,she's just not paying attention.By the way,do you consume just a ridiculous amount of carrots and megadose vitamins?Carrots turn you yellow,the niacin turns you red.Find some finger paint and do the math.你没注意是一件事但你妻子没注意她丈夫变颜色意味着她根本不注意另外你是不是吃一大堆的胡萝卜和维生素?胡萝卜让你变黄烟酸让你变红去找点涂料注意点饮食And get a good lawyer.另外找个好律师[Door Closes]Deep breath.深呼吸It's cold.有点凉He's been using his inhaler?他一直在用吸入器吧?Not in the past few days.He's,um, only10.I worry about children taking such strong medicine so frequently.前几天没有他...嗯 (10)我担心我的孩子经常用那么强的药..What happened to your leg?你的腿怎么了?Your doctor probably was concerned about the strength of the medicine too.She probably weighed that danger against the danger of not breathing.你的医生或许也考虑了药的问题她权衡了用药的危险与不呼吸的危险Oxygen is so important during氧气对前青春期的孩子非常those prepubescent years.Don't you think?Okay,I'm gonna assume nobody has ever told you what asthma is.Or if they have,you had other things on your mind.A stimulant triggers cells in your child's airways...to release substances that inflame the air passages and cause them to contract.Mucus production increases,the cell lining starts to shed.重要你不知道?好吧我猜没人向你们解释过什么是哮喘不然你就会考虑其他事情了你孩子气管中的一个刺激感受细胞...释放出一些物质使气管发炎导致它们痉挛粘液分泌增多细胞层开始脱落-But the steroids--[Wheezing]-但类固醇The steroids stop theinflammation.类固醇抑制炎症The more often this happens-这种情况越频繁-What?The more often this happens, what?Forget it.If you don't trust steroids,you shouldn't trust doctors.[Door Closes]My mother passed away four years ago.She had a heart attack,and my father broke his back doing construction-~[Pager]It's House.It's urgent.I'm 怎么了?这种情况越频繁然后呢?别管它如果你不相信类固醇你也不用相信医生了我母亲四年前去世了心脏病我父亲盖房子的时候伤了背sorry.是House紧急事件抱歉You couldn't have knocked?你不会敲门吗?Steroids.Give her steroids.High doses of prednisone.类固醇给她用类固醇大剂量强的松You're looking for support for adiagnosis of cerebral vasculitis?你认为是脑血管炎? Inflammation of blood vessels inthe brain is awfully rare, especially for someone her age. -So Is a tumor.her sed rate Is elevated.-Mildly.That could mean anything.Or nothing.Yeah,I know.I have no reason to think that it's vasculitis.脑血管炎可是非常罕见的特别是她这个年龄-那是肿瘤了她的血检结果出来了正常那可以证明着任何事情或者否定我知道我没有任何理由认为那是脑血管炎Except that it could be.除了那可能是If the blood vessels are inflamed, that's gonna look exactly like what we saw on the M.R.I.From Trenton County,and the pressure is gonna cause neurological symptoms.-We can't diagnose that without a biopsy.-Yes,we can.We treat her.If she gets better, we know we're right.-And if we're wrong?-Then we learn something else.如果血管发炎情况就会完全符合我们看到的Trenton 县的核磁共振照片血压上升会导致神经疾病-没做活体切片我们不能确诊-不我们可以我们治疗她如果她的情况改善了我们就能确证了-如果情况没有改善呢?-那我们知道是其他毛病了Why steroids?为什么是类固醇?Just part of your treatment.只是治疗的一部分You haven't had many visitors.没有多少人来看你啊No boyfriend?Three dates.没有男朋友?才约会了三次I wouldn't have stood by him if he were vomiting all day.What about work?You must have friends from work.如果他整天吐啊吐的我也不会陪着他同事呢?同事里没有朋友吗?Pretty much everybody I like is绝大部分才五岁大five years old.The nurse said you're stopping myradiation.护士说你要停止我的放疗We're just trying somealternative medication.我们只是换一种治疗方法So where's your family from then? Steroids aren't an alternative to radiation.The tests weren't really conclusive.We're treating you for 你家里呢?类固醇不是用来治疗肿瘤的我们还没有确诊vasculitis.我们认为你有炎症It's the inflammation of bloodvessels in the brain.脑部某些血管发炎L-It's not a tumor?不是肿瘤?I don't have a tumor?我没得癌症?You should have told her the truth-It's a long shot guess. Thank you.If House is right,no harm.If he's wrong,I've given a dying woman a couple days'hope.False hope.If there was any other type available,I would have given her that.[Sniffing]Why are you smelling Billy's pants?你不该告诉她的-这还是猜测谢谢House如果是对的没有坏处如果他错了我给了一个快死的人一点希望虚假的希望如果还有其他选择我也会给她的你为什么闻Billy的裤子?I'm not.Looked like you were.我没有看起来像啊-I was smelling the floor.-Oh.-我在闻地板-哦Do you have any pets in this class?你们班里有宠物吗?No.But we used to have a gerbil, but Carly L.Dropped a book on it.不可我们曾经有一个沙鼠可Carly L.把一本书掉在它头上Careless.不小心-Do you need to smell it?-No. I'm smelling for mold.-你要闻它吗?-不我在找发霉的地方I don't need to smell it.我不需要闻它-You could smell our parrot.-You said you didn't have any pets in this class.-那你可以闻闻我们的鹦鹉-你说你们班里没有宠物啊A parrot is a bird.鹦鹉是只鸟Listen,Jackson's not the father-[Foreman]Parrots are the primary source of psittacosis.鹦鹉是鹦鹉热(传染病)的主要来源It's not the parrot.不是鹦鹉And psittacosis can lead to nerve problems and neurological complications.How many kids were in the class? Twenty.How many are home sick?None,but-None.But you figured thatfive-year-olds are more serious about bird hygiene than their teacher?Have you been through her home? She lives in Trenton.I can go up to her room tomorrow morning,ask her for the key. Would the police call for permission before dropping by to check out a crime scene?It's not a crime scene.As far as I know,she's running a meth lab 而鹦鹉热可以导致神经问题或者相关症状班里有多少孩子?二十有多少请病假?没有一个可是-没有一个但你以为五岁大的孩子比他们的老师的抵抗力更强?你去查过她家吗?她住在Trenton我明早问她要钥匙警察去检查一个犯罪现场需要去请求允许吗?那不是个犯罪现场就我所知她在地下室制造安非他out of her basement.明She's a kindergarten teacher.And if I were a kindergarten student I would trust her implicitly. [Sighs]Okay.I'll give you a"for instance."她是个幼儿园老师如果我是个幼儿园学生我毫无保留的相信她好吧我来举个例子The lady back there...给你做鸡蛋三明治的who made your egg salad sandwich-那位女士Her eyes look glassy.Did you notice that?Now,hospital policy is to stay home if you're sick.But if you're making$8.00an hour,then you kind of need the $8.00an hour,right?And the sign in the bathroom says that employees must wash after using the facilities,but I figure that somebody who wipes snot on a sleeve isn't hyperconcerned about sanitary conditions.So what do you think-should I trust her?I want you to check the patient's home for contaminants,garbage, medication.I can't just break into someone's house.Isn't that how you got into the Felkers'home?她的眼神有点呆滞注意到了?医院的规定是如果你生病了你可以在家休息但如果你一小时赚8块钱你需要这8块钱对吧?而洗手间的说明是便后必须洗手但我猜用袖子擦鼻涕的人一般不大注意卫生问题你怎么想我该相信她?我要你检查病人家的杂物车库药物我不能就这么闯进别人家你怎么进Felker家的?Yeah,I know.嗯我知道Court records are sealed.You were 16.It was a stupid mistake.法庭记录是保密的你才16岁那是个愚蠢的错误But your old gym teacher has a big mouth.Should write a thank-you note.但你的体育老师是个大嘴巴你该给他写个感谢信-I should thank him?-Well--我应该感谢他?-嗯[Crunching]I needed somebody around here with street smarts.Okay?Who knows when they're being conned,knows how to con.我需要一些特殊的人才明白吗?骗子都是被人骗出来的I should sue you.我该起诉你Pretty sure you can't sue somebodyfor wrongful hiring.我想你不能起诉别人雇佣你But I'm pretty sure I can sue if you fire me for not breaking into some lady's house.Doing research.People are fascinating,aren't they?但我确定如果你因为我不闯入别人家而解雇我我可以起诉你研究人们真有趣对吧?Why are you giving Adler steroids?为什么给Adler类固醇?Because she's my patient.That's what you do with patients-you give them medicine.You don't prescribe medicine 因为她是我的病人我做了我该做的-给病人用药based on guesses.你不能凭猜想就开药At least we don't since Tuskegee and Mengele.You're comparing me to a Nazi? Nice.至少从Tuskegee和Mengele 之后就不了你拿我和纳粹比?真好I'm stopping the treatment.我要停止用药She's my patient.It's my hospital.她是我的病人这是我的医院I did not get her sick.我没治坏她She is not an experiment.I have a legitimate theory about what's 这不是试验我有个很好的理论解释她的症状wrong with her.With no proof.但没证明There's never any proof.从来都没什么证明Five different doctors come up with five different diagnoses based on the same evidence.一种症状五个医生给出五个答案You don't have any evidence.可你一种症状都没有And nobody knows anything,huh? Then how is it you always think you're right?I don't.I just find it hard to operate on the opposite assumption.And why are you so afraid of making a mistake?Because I'm a doctor.Because when we make mistakes,people die.没有人知道任何事?你怎么会认为你总是对的?不我只是很难接受相反的假设你为什么这么怕犯错误?因为我是个医生因为如果我们犯了错会害死别人Oh,come on.不是吧People used to have more respectfor cripples,you know.以前瘸子很受尊敬的They didn't really.我骗她的So how you feeling?Much better,thanks.感觉如何?好多了谢谢Are you Dr.House?I thought he was a he,but-你是House医生吗?我猜是个男的可是-No.不Don't eat too much,too fast.别吃太多太快Thank him for me.替我谢谢他Right.好的Should I discontinue thetreatment,boss?我可以中断用药吗老板? You got lucky.你走运Cool,huh?不错哈?Okay,once again.好再来一次[Inhales,Exhales]Good.好Am I ever gonna meet Dr.House?我会见到House医生吗?[Chuckles]Well,you might run into him at the movies or on the bus.你也许会在公共汽车上或者电影院遇到他Is he a good man?他是个好人吗? He's a good doctor.他是个好医生Can you be one without the other?只是个好医生?Don't you have to care about people?Caring is a good motivator.他难道不关心别人吗?他有点另类He's found something else.他和一般人不一样Feel this,both sides?Mm-hmm.Mm-hmm.感觉到了两边?嗯嗯Okay,squeeze.Harder.All right.好挤一下用力好He's your friend,huh?他是你的朋友对吧? Yeah.是Does he care about you?他关心你吗?I think so.You don't know?我想是的你不知道?As Dr.House likes to say, "Everybody lies."It's not what people say.It's what they do.House医生说过"每个人都撒谎"关键不是人们说什么是人们怎么做Yeah.He cares about me.没错他关心我I can't see.我看不见了I can't...see.我看不见了[Monitor Beeping Rapidly]A little help in here!快来人帮忙! [Sustained Tone]Your chest will be sore for awhile.你的胸部可能会有点疼We needed to shock you to get yourheart going.我们需要给你电击起搏Okay,can you arrange these to tell a story?[Foreman]She couldn't put them in order.Could the damage have been caused by a lack of oxygen during her seizure?No.I gave her the same test five minutes later.She did just fine. The altered mental status is intermittent,just like the verbal skills.好你能把这些排成一个故事吗?她没法按顺序排出来是不是因为痉挛期间缺氧造成的损伤?不五分钟后重测她一下子就做好了逻辑思考部分受到影响和语言中枢一样So what now?结论?Given the latest symptoms,it's clearly growing deeper into the brain stem.从最新的症状来看病灶明显影响着脑部的更多组织Soon,she won't be able to walk.很快她就不能走路了She'll go blind permanently,and then the respiratory center will fail.然后永久失去视力再然后呼吸中枢失控How long do we have?我们还有多长时间?If it's a tumor,we're talking a month or two.If it's infectious, a few weeks.If it's vascular,that'll probably be fastest of all.Maybe a week.如果是肿瘤还有一两个月传染病的话几周如果是炎症可能是最糟的不到一周We're gonna stop all treatment.我们停止所有的治疗I still think it's a tumor.I think we should go back to the radiation.我还是认为是肿瘤我们应该再用放疗。
100部适合学英语的电影，太全了，赶紧收藏
100部适合学英语的电影，太全了，赶紧收藏暑假⾥，刷国产电视剧不如刷美剧，既可以提升语感、练习听⼒和⼝语，还可以了解英美⽂化。
下⾯这100部美剧都是经过时间检验过的经典，找来看看吧！100. 绝望主妇 Desperate Housewives99. 弗尔蒂旅馆 Fawlty Towers98. 亲情纽带 Family Ties97. 甜⼼俏佳⼈ Ally McBeal96. ⼈⼈都爱雷蒙德 Everybody Loves Raymond95. 太空堡垒卡拉狄加 Battlestar Galactica94. 为⼈⽗母 Parenthood93. 脱线家族 The Brady Bunch92. The Bob Newhart Show91. 美国谍梦 The Americans90. 绿箭侠 Arrow89. 洛克福德档案 The Rockford Files88. 费城永远阳光灿烂 It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia87. 实习医⽣风云 Scrubs86. 真爱如⾎ True Blood85. 法律与秩序 Law & Order84. 双⾯⼥间谍 Alias83. 糊涂侦探 Get Smart82. Gilligan’s Island81. 法律与秩序：特殊受害者 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit80. 摩登原始⼈ The Flintstones79. 芝⿇街 Sesame Street78. 奉⼦成婚 Married with Children77. 丑闻 Scandal76. 欢乐满屋 Full House75. 神秘博⼠ Doctor74. 24⼩时 2473. 希区柯克剧场 Alfred Hitchcock Presents72. 默克与明蒂 Mork & Mindy71. Saved by the Bell70. 太空仙⼥恋 I Dream of Jeannie69. 明星伙伴 Entourage68. 萤⽕⾍ Firefly67. 蓝⾊⽉光 Moonlighting66. 出租汽车 Taxi65. 恶搞之家 Family Guy64. 豪斯医⽣ House M.D.63. ⼭街蓝调 Hill Street Blues62. 原版家有仙妻 Bewitched61. 罗斯安家庭⽣活 Roseanne60. 墨菲布朗 Murphy Brown59. 巨蟒剧团之飞翔的马戏团 Monty Python's Flying Circus 58. ⽼爸⽼妈的浪漫史 How I Met Your Mother57. 傲⾻贤妻 The Good Wife56. 纯真年代 The Wonder Years55. 星际旅⾏：下⼀代 Star Trek: The Next Generation 54. 茶煲表哥 The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air53. 消消⽓ Curb Your Enthusiasm52. 真探 True Detective51. 吉尔莫⼥孩 Gilmore Girls50. 怪胎与书呆 Freaks and Geeks49. ⿊⾊孤⼉ Orphan Black48. 黄⾦⼥郎 The Golden Girls47. 迪克·范·戴克秀 The Dick Van Dyke Show46. 副总统 Veep45. 国⼟安全 Homeland44. 唐顿庄园 Downton Abbey43. 卡洛尔·伯纳特秀 The Carol Burnett Show42. 灵书妙探 Castle41. 欢乐时光 Happy Days40. 欢乐⼀家亲 Frasier39. 全家福 All in the Family38. 胜利之光 Friday Night Lights37. 嗜⾎法医 Dexter36. 童话王国 The Muppet Show35. 星际旅⾏ Star Trek34. 南⽅公园 South Park33. 神探夏洛克 Sherlock32. 公园与游憩 Parks and Recreation31. 办公室 The Office30. ⽕线 The Wire29. 六尺之下 Six Feet Under28. 急诊室的故事 ER27. 吸⾎⿁猎⼈巴菲 Buffy The Vampire Slayer 26. ⼥⼦监狱 Orange Is the New Black25. ⽣活⼤爆炸 The Big Bang Theory24. ⾏⼫⾛⾁ The Walking Dead23. ⼲杯酒吧 Cheers22. 威尔和格蕾丝 Will & Grace21. 纸牌屋 House of Cards20. 双峰 Twin Peaks19. The Mary Tyler Moore Show18. 我为喜剧狂 30 Rock17. 迷离时空(原版) The Twilight Zone16. 发展受阻 Arrested Development15. 迷失 Lost14. 摩登家庭 Modern Family13. 陆军野战医院 M*A*S*H12. 欲望都市 Sex and the City11. ⽩宫风云 The West Wing10. ⾟普森⼀家 The Simpsons9. ⼴告狂⼈ Mad Men8. 我爱露西 I Love Lucy7. 周六夜现场 Saturday Night Live6. ⿊道家族 The Sopranos5. 宋飞正传 Seinfeld4. 权⼒的游戏 Game of Thrones3. X档案 The X-Files2. 绝命毒师 Breaking Bad1. ⽼友记 Friends果然不出所料，Friends 稳稳居第⼀！。
Dessecting the Medical Drama 医疗剧 美剧 豪斯医生等
DISSECTING THE MEDICAL DRAMA:A Generic Analysis of Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D.By Elizabeth BarnetA Senior Honors Thesis Submitted to theDepartment of Communicationof Boston CollegeMay 2007TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT.................................................................................................... CHAPTER ONE - Examining the Medical Drama: An Introduction (1)CHAPTER TWO - The Facts of the Case: A Review of Literature (5)Setting the Stage for the Medical Drama (5)The Perceived Realism of Television and the Effect on its Viewers (7)Depictions of Medicine on Television (8)CHAPTER THREE - Two Patient Histories: Reconstructing the Contexts of Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D (12)Grey’s Anatomy: Filling the Prescription for the Medical Drama (12)House, M.D.: “To do no harm” Need Not Apply (18)CHAPTER FOUR - A Successful Procedure: Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Karlyn Kohrs Campbell’s Generic Criticism (22)CHAPTER FIVE - “Cut, Suture, Close”: The Grey’s Anatomy Approach to the Medical Drama (26)Setting (27)Characters (28)Plotlines (32)Romantic Relationships (33)Conflict Between Personal and Professional Life (36)Ethical Dilemmas (41)CHAPTER SIX - Differential Diagnosis: House, M.D. as Medical Drama Anti-Genre (49)Setting (50)Characters (50)Plotlines (53)The Villainous Hero (54)Romantic Relationship (58)Conflict Between Personal and Professional life (65)Ethical Dilemmas (72)CHAPTER SEVEN - Diagnosis and Treatment: The Effects, Implications, and Ethical Considerations of Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D (84)WORKS CITED (91)ABSTRACTThis thesis examines the medical drama genre of television programming through a close analysis of the popular programs Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D.. As with any type of genre, the medical drama has developed a successful formula of setting, characters, and plotlines which can be observed in many incarnations of the genre. While it is not necessary for two generic representations to be identical to one another, they will often share a number of characteristics that make the genre successful. Grey’s Anatomy serves as a representative example of the medical drama genre in its most contemporary form; it includes a particular setting, set of characters, and plotlines revolving around romantic relationships, conflict between personal and professional life, and ethical dilemmas faced by its characters.House, M.D. breaks away from using the generic formula of the medical drama and creates a new anti-genre. Although some elements of House, M.D. are similar to those found in traditional medical dramas, these elements are drastically changed. In addition, House, M.D. introduces the innovative element of the villainous hero figure, recognizable in the character of Dr. House. Through a close analysis of selected episodes from both programs, this study will establish both the medical drama genre and the medical drama anti-genre. Further, the investigation will identify implications and effects of the medical drama genre and anti-genre on their audiences.CHAPTER ONEExamining the Medical Drama Genre:An IntroductionTelevision fiction has the potential to amplify and refine the anxieties,hopes and despair of culture and society. We often discover throughtelevision dramas structures of feeling (and anxiety), ways of thinking andmodes of behaviour that we recognise as congruent or adjacent with ourown or with how we image other lives might be. At the same timetelevision, like any art form, develops its own rules, conventions and waysof thinking in relation to its past. This is true for television fiction,particularly that set in the contemporary world, where the requirements ofplausibility are often in tension with the necessity for dramatic invention,and the opportunities and constraints of genre and formula. (Jacobs 149) In Body Trama TV: The New Hospital Dramas, Jason Jacobs’ observations regarding the influence of television fiction on culture and society are neither novel nor surprising. Since its inception, television has undoubtedly changed the way contemporary society views itself as well as how it functions. Though most viewers would maintain that they can recognize television fiction as exactly that, they would be hard pressed to deny the fact that in many ways, dramatized portrayals reflect real life. It is a necessary result, therefore, that real life often reflects dramatized portrayals; the television audience cannot help but internalize what it observes flashing across the screen.While the real world is often unpredictable and constantly transforming, however, the world of fictionalized television is necessarily guided by “rules, conventions, and ways of thinking” (Jacobs 149). Though there is indeed opportunity for creative license, it is the nature of fictionalized television to develop generic elements once a successful formula has been discovered. If a particular type of programming receives popular acclaim, the elements that constitute that type of programming establish a genre. Each drama is not necessarily unique, however; elements of one particular genre are more than likely recognizable in another genre. In addition, many genres are constituted by two or more individual genres.The medical drama genre is one such type of fictionalized television programming that not only contains elements of other genres, but is the fusion of several genres. As was the case for many dramatic genres that came before, the medical drama genre has developed its own blueprint for success. The medical drama genre is worthy of investigation as its impact on contemporary society is undeniable. Although the medical drama can be entertaining and engaging, it is significant because of its potential to inform and persuade its viewers regarding controversial but important topics.The purpose of this investigation is to establish the accepted formula for the medical drama genre and provide analysis of a successful contemporary medical drama, Grey’s Anatomy. However, the author posits that though the genre and the representative program are persuasive, she believes that a new type of medical drama has emerged with equal success. In fact, rather than following the formula of the established medical drama genre, this new genre is actually an anti-genre; in other words, it not only establishes its only generic formula but in many ways defies the standards of the genre that isestablished and accepted. The medical drama House, M.D. will serve as the artifact representative of the medical drama anti-genre.The investigation concludes that the generic formula of the medical drama is characterized by a particular setting, cast of characters, and plotlines. Although different medical dramas might feature variations on this customary formula, there will always be perceivable elements of the genre. The medical drama anti-drama, however, is characterized by an entirely different setting, cast of characters, and plotlines. Although the elements are comparable to a certain extent, the medical drama-anti drama takes the elements of the traditional medical drama and completely transforms them.This study examines three episodes from Grey’s Anatomy and four episodes House, M.D. As both programs are in the process of concluding their third seasons, the episodes under analysis come from seasons one and two. The pilot episode of each program was examined to establish that the elements of the medical drama genre and the anti-genre were present from the very beginning of each program. The remaining episodes were chosen as representative examples of the generic and anti-generic formulas of the medical drama. This analysis reveals that because both Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D. each closely follow the specific formulas of the medical drama genre and the medical drama anti-genre respectively, virtually any combination of episodes could have been selected for analysis.Chapter Two of this investigation offers a literature review of research already conducted on what constitutes professional television and how the medical drama is an example of it; the perceived reality of television and how it affects viewers; how physicians are portrayed on television and how that affects public perception; and howmedicine is depicted on television. Chapter Three reconstructs the context of the creation and development of Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D., taking into consideration the creators, the actors, and the achievements of both programs. Chapter Four presents the methodology of generic criticism according to Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Karlyn Kohrs Campbell. Chapter Five applies the generic formula of the medical drama to Grey’s Anatomy and examines three episodes in order to establish the characters, setting, and standard plotlines. Chapter Six establishes the innovation of anti-genre of medical drama as applied to House, M.D.. Chapter Seven discusses the effects and implications of both programs on the medical drama genre and on their viewers, as well as offers a conclusion of the investigation as a whole.CHAPTER TWOThe Facts of the Case:A Review of LiteratureBefore embarking on an analytic investigation of Grey’s Anatomy and House, M.D. as the representative standards of the medical drama genre and its anti-generic counterpart, it is necessary to first examine the research that has already been conducted on several significant topics: what constitutes professional television and how the medical drama is an example of it; the perceived reality of television and how it affects viewers; how physicians are portrayed on television and how that affects public perception; and how medicine is depicted on television.Setting the Stage for the Medical DramaSince its creation in the early 20th century, television has been a technology that never ceases to amaze and fascinate its users. With its widespread popularity, it would only follow suit that a variety of programming genres would be developed to interest television’s variety of users. Today, the various types of television programming is astounding: serious news broadcasting, entertainment news, talk shows, situation comedies, soap operas, educational programs, game shows, and reality shows, just to name a few. With all of the potential genres of programming and the constant need to keep audiences interested, it was practically inevitable that television producers would eventually begin to combine and morph genres.One particularly popular genre of television programming is the drama. Drama is meant to depict characters experiencing events and facing challenges that appear familiarto the audience; the audience of a drama identifies with its characters and the situations in which they find themselves. However realistic they may seem, however, there is a certain element of detachment from the audience. Although the audience can potentially relate to what is occurring in the drama, because it is not actually happening to the audience members, the drama is almost an escapist fantasy. Dramas retain their appeal to audiences because of the combination of the inherent sense of reality and the imaginative fantasy present in them. Although a drama can be performed on a variety of stages for a variety of audiences, the undeniable reach and influence of television makes it the perfect medium through which to portray a variety of dramas.It must be noted, however, that the drama can no longer be considered a pure form of either art or communication. With the development of various types of programming, there are very few uncorrupted genres still in existence. In recent years, one of the most popular forms of “mixed” television genres has been what has been termed the “professional drama”, discussed by Steve Bailey in his article “Professional Television: ‘Three (Super)Texts and a (Super)Genre.” Though it may seem that the professional dramas have only been recently popular, they have in fact been around for years: Ben Casey of the 1960s; M.A.S.H. and Marcus Welby, M.D. of the 1970s; L.A. Law, St. Elsewhere, and Doogie Howser, M.D. of the 1980s; E.R. and Chicago Hope of the 1990s. Somewhere along the growth of the professional drama as a genre came the birth of the medical drama as a specific type of programming. Many of these medical dramas feature similar casts of stock characters, such as the “old doctor” who is the wise advisor of the rash and emotional “young doctor”; the “attractive nurse,” who serves little other purpose than eye candy; and the “hospital administrator,” always more concernedwith the image and success of the hospital rather than the well-being of individual patients (Bailey, 66). Although it varies between particular programs, the characters will usually follow a general outline: patient or patients experience some traumatizing illness, doctors search for the right cure in the meager amount of time allotted to them, all the while having to deal with their personal problems, which, more often than not, will involve various members of the hospital staff. In addition, the setting of these medical dramas is at least in recent times, a large, busy hospital; infrequently does the viewer find the characters in the confines of a doctor’s office or at their homes. These factors are all important when considering the overall effect these programs have on their audiences.The Perceived Realism of Television and Its Effect on ViewersAlthough always relevant when discussing the effects of television on its viewers, it now becomes especially important to discuss the perceived realism of television. As mentioned, whether referring to drama, reality, news, or any other genre of programming, audiences will always have the impetus to identify with what they are watching and apply that to their own lives. In regards to the medical drama, much research has been conducted on the perception of physicians and health care as a result of medicine on television, analyzing depictions that appear on the news, in reality shows, or in the medical drama genre (Pfau and Mullen; Chory-Assad and Tamborini; Harter and Japp). It is sufficient to note that most of this research has concluded that when an audience observes physicians or anything related to medicine or health care, the viewer will inevitably apply these portrayals to their personal lives, and thus, their perceptions will be undeniably altered. Many researchers have acknowledged that although in the past,physicians were always portrayed in the most favorable light, the recent trend has leaned toward a more negative, if not realistic, portrayal of physicians and their personal lives (Bailey; McAllister; Chory-Assad and Tamborini). By “negative,” it is insinuated that while doctors formerly were portrayed as all-knowing, ever-successful, infallible god-like figures, they are now being depicted as more human, capable of fault and mistakes, very much affected by what is going on in their personal lives.Depictions of Medicine on TelevisionA review of contemporary television programs would suggest that there are an abundance of portrayals the medical world on television. From the daily news to soap operas to reality shows, it seems that every channel a viewer turns to, he or she can find a doctor saving the life of a patient, someone receiving unnecessary cosmetic surgery, or the problems of modern healthcare. Considering the widespread portrayal of the medical world in contemporary media, there has already been a great deal of research conducted the portrayals of medicine, doctors, illness, and healthcare on television. The amount and sheer variety of research is astounding; for example, research has examined how audiences interpret portrayals of illness on television, ranging from mental illness on soap operas (Fruth and Padderud), to multiple sclerosis on The West Wing (Zoller and Worrell), to prostate cancer on NYPD BLUE (Arrington and Goodier). Ethical questions have been raised concerning the product placement of medical products (Turner) and the portrayals of live surgery (Loughlin) on television.There has been an unexpectedly extensive amount of research already conducted on topics that are relevant specifically to the medical drama. The more-encompassinggenre of television that the medical drama falls under is often referred to as “professional television,” often associated with the legal and medical professions. In “ ‘Professional television’: three (super) texts and a (super) genre,” Steve Bailey asserts that all professional television shows “share a common narrative focus on the vocational and personal lives of legal and medical professionals, with a particular emphasis on the complex, often ambiguous ethical terrain the central characters must navigate” (45). In referring to professional television as a “(super)genre,” he suggest that it “extends beyond the boundaries of the medium itself to a broader array of discourses…seemingly far-removed from the mere fictional content of dramatic programming” (46). Further, the implications of medically related television as a form of popular discourse have received much attention.In their article “Technology as Representative Anecdote in Popular Discourses of Health Medicine, Lynn M. Harter and Phyllis M. Japp use a Burkean framework to examine “medical dramas as cultural texts to be read for dominant meaning of health and health care” (409). The authors present the dilemma inherent in portraying issues of health and health care within the medical drama; they conclude that audience’s “knowledge about health, illness, prevention, and treatment is constructed from…various, and often contradictory, bits and pieces of information amassed from” cultural artifacts such as television shows (410). The authors analyze the portrayal of western institutional medicine as portrayed in the medical dramas Chicago Hope and ER, and postulate that these programs perpetuate the cultural expectation of utilizing technological medical means over alternative forms of health care.Research has been done specifically on the portrayal of physicians in cinema (Wider), and television, in both fictional and non-fictional programming (Chory-Assad and Tamborini, “Television Doctors: An Analysis of Physicians in Fictional and Non-Fictional Television Programs”); this research has concluded that although physicians were previously depicted in a very positive light (circa the 1930s-1970s), the more recent trend has been to acknowledge their negative characteristics. Further, research has extended to the effects of these portrayals on audience perception of physicians (Chory-Assad and Tamborini, “Television Exposure and the Public’s Perception of Physicians”; Pfau and Mullen, “The Influence of Television on Public Perceptions of Physicians”; Sancho-Aidridge and Gunter, “Effects of a Television Drama Series upon Public Perception about Psychiatrists”). In “Television Exposure and the Public’s Perceptions of Physicians,” Rebecca Chory-Assad and Ron Tamborini expand on their past research that analyzed the contemporary trend of television to portray doctors less positively than they had been portrayed in the past; their study concludes that “the changing patterns of contemporary medical programs, with their increasing emphasis on physicians’ personal behaviors and shortcoming, may negatively influence viewers’ perceptions of doctors” (209).Michael Pfau and Lawrence J. Mullen present similar findings in “The Influence of Television Viewing on Public Perceptions of Physicians.” The authors assert that the “less flattering images [of physicians on television] may exert an influence on the public perceptions of physicians just as the nation begins to focus its attention on the adequacy of the health care system” (442). As Pfau and Mullen’s research was conducted over a decade ago, it is impossible to ignore the fact that audiences of these medical dramashave at least in some way been influenced in terms of how they view doctors. Although a great deal of research has already been conducted on the subject of portrayals of doctors and medicine on television, there are infinitely more ways to examine the phenomena of the medical drama and its influence on its audience.CHAPTER THREETwo Patient Histories:Reconstructing the Contexts ofGrey’s Anatomy and House, M.D.Grey’s Anatomy: Filling the Prescription for the Medical DramaThe most recent incarnation of the medical drama is the critically acclaimed (and controversy driven) Grey’s Anatomy. Premiering on March 25, 2005 on ABC, Grey’s Anatomy has since catapulted to the heights of popularity among viewing audiences and the critical media alike. Creator and executive producer Shonda Rhimes has often commented on how overwhelmed she is by the unanticipated popularity of the program. Originally employed as a movie screenwriter, Rhimes never had an intention of making the move to television writing. However, in an interview with Broadcasting and Cable (5/30/05), Rhimes muses on the inevitability of creating Grey’s Anatomy, commenting that growing up, “[she and her sisters] had always been addicted to surgeries…on Discovery Health” (18). In retrospect, Rhimes asserts that, to many people, “there’s something very sexy about surgery” (18). In regards to the success of Grey’s Anatomy, Rhimes purports that “part of what works so well about Grey’s is the show’s sex appeal”(18). The sex appeal of the show is only enhanced by the sex appeal of the individual cast members, as well as the intense romantic relationships that develop between the characters.However, it must be noted that even the biggest proponents of Grey’s Anatomy would never argue that the show is in any way an innovation or divergence from the typical medical drama. In her interview with Broadcasting and Cable (5/30/05), evenRhimes admits that “Grey’s doesn’t feel particularly special or fresh to [her],” but rather, “it feels like the world” (22). In other words, Rhimes considers the plotlines of Grey’s Anatomy to be realistic and relatable, though admittedly not novel. In a later interview with Broadcasting and Cable (2/27/06), Rhimes discusses why she believes Grey’s has been as successful if not more successfully than previous medical dramas. In the interview, conducted by Broadcasting and Cable’s Mark Robichaux, Robichaux points out that “unlike other medical shows, like ER, there isn’t a big focus on medicine” (5). In response to Robichaux’s inquiry as to why Grey’s Anatomy focuses very little on the actual medicine involved in running a presumably busy and well-respected hospital, Rhimes explains:I like to think that the show is very much a show that’s about therelationships that the doctors are having. I always say that the show is notso much about the patients and the surgery as it is how our doctors feelsabout the patients and the surgeries…. What I love is that we revealdoctors as people, as opposed to heroes…. I think it makes them humanand it makes us feel like we know them and can have a stake in what’shappening with them. (5)Interviews such as these suggest that the creators of the Grey’s Anatomy message make no claims that the show is driven by the medical cases the characters face; more often than not, the patients have very little to do with the plot of the program, though later analysis will demonstrate that this is not always the case. Rhimes subtly suggests, however, that it is the very lack of focus on the medicine that makes the show a success. Previous research has proposed that the majority of television viewing audiences will bemore compelled by a medical drama if the drama focuses on the personal lives of the characters; Grey’s Anatomy wisely has followed the successful formula of the medical dramas that came before. Further, Rhimes follows the more recent trend of depicting doctors as real “people, as opposed to heroes,” perhaps making the characters more compelling and realistic to the audience.Despite the fact that Grey’s Anatomy in many ways follows a pre-existing and highly successful formula, no matter how compelling a story it is, its success depends largely on having a receptive audience. With the sheer number and variety of television programs available, in order for a program to stand out as a success, it must be able to the send the correct message to the correct audience at the correct time. The first episode of Grey’s Anatomy premiered in the popular Sunday night primetime 10:00 p.m. (Eastern Standard Time) following the already widely viewed Desperate Housewives. At its inception, Grey’s Anatomy exploited a readily available audience that would probably be receptive to the program’s content and message. In fact, in its first season Grey’s Anatomy broke records by coming in as the fifth top show of the 2005-2006 season, behind American Idol, CSI, and Desperate Housewives, three programs with practically cult-like followings. With nearly twenty million viewers in this first season, Grey’s Anatomy was no doubt a success.In the seasons to follow, Grey’s Anatomy would only continue to garner a wider audience and to shatter previously set records. According to the media website The Hollywood Reporter, in 2006, Grey’s Anatomy premiered in the number one spot with 25.4 million viewers, ahead of its previous competitors of Desperate Housewives and CSI (</hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1002576393>). For the third season of Grey’s Anatomy, the producers and ABC made a controversial move that would test the program’s success and staying power. Grey’s Anatomy moved to Thursday evenings at 9:00 p.m. (EST). In addition to Thursday’s being a competitive evening for prime time television, Grey’s Anatomy would now air immediately beforefellow medical drama ER, which airs during the 10:00 p.m. slot on NBC, as well as CBS’s CSI: Crime Scene Investigation. However, the change proved to be successful; according to Nielson ratings, the third season’s premiere of Grey’s Anatomy attracted 25.14 million viewers, surpassing CSI: Crime Scene Investigation with its 22.04 million viewers. In addition, Grey’s Anatomy has been nominated for numerous awards, and has been recognized by such awards as the “Gold Globe Best Television Series – Drama” (2007), in addition to various Emmy Awards, SAG Awards, and People’s Choice Awards.1Despite all of its critical acclaim and devoted audience, like any popular television program, Grey’s Anatomy has endured its own share of criticism. A large amount of the condemnation against the program is from medical groups who claim that the diagnosis, progress, and treatment of illnesses is inaccurately portrayed. In addition,1 Awards received by Grey’s Anatomy’s include: the Producers Guild Award for Best Television Series – Drama (2007); the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama (2007) and Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Mini-series, or Motion Picture Made for Television – Sandra Oh (2006); the Screen Actors Guild Award for an Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series – Sandra Oh (2006), an Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series – Chandra Wilson (2007), and an Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble Cast in a TV Series – Drama (2007); the TV Land Award for a Future Classic (2006); the NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Drama Series (2006) and Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series – Isaiah Washington (2006); Television Critics Award for Program of the Year (2006); the People’s Choice Award for Favorite TV Drama (2007) and Favorite Male TV Star – Patrick Dempsey (2007); and the Entertainment Weekly award for Entertainers of the Year – Cast of Grey’s Anatomy (2007). In addition, Grey’s Anatomy and its cast members have collectively and individually received over fifty nominations for various other awards including Emmy Awards, Golden Globe Awards, Image Awards, Screen Actors Guild Awards, and a Grammy Award.(</title/tt0413573/awards>)。
英语连续剧
情景喜剧1.Friends 老友记2.Joey 乔伊3.How I Met Your Mother 老爸老妈的浪漫史4.Will & Grace 威尔和格雷丝5.Everybody Loves Raymond 人人都爱雷蒙德6.Growing Pains 成长的烦恼真人秀7.American Idol 美国偶像8.Survival 幸存者9.The Apprentice 飞黄腾达10.America’s Next Top Model 全美超级模特新秀大赛动画片11.South Park 南方公园12.The Simpsons 辛普森家庭剧情类社区家庭类13.Desperate Housewives 绝望的主妇14.Weeds 单身毒妈15.Six Feet Under 六英尺下青春偶像类16.One Tree Hill 篮球兄弟17.The O.C. 橘子郡男孩科幻类18.Lost 迷失19.The 4400 440020.The X-Files X档案21.Heroes 超能英雄医务类22.Grey’s Anatomy 实习医生格蕾23.House 豪斯医生24.Nip/Tuck 整容室25.ER 急诊室的春天政治类26.The West Wing 白宫风云mander in Chief 三军统帅历史类28.Rome 罗马战争类29.Band of Brothers 兄弟连时尚/女性类30.Sex and the City 欲望都市31.Ugly Betty 丑女贝蒂犯罪/悬念类32.C.S.I. 犯罪现场调查33.Prison Break 越狱34.24 反恐24小时。
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a. 大量使用名词化结构 名词化过程主要是把表达“ 过程”的动词或说明某一事件的小句 加以“物化”， 从而浓缩成动词性名词。如：make decision， decision-making 名词化词组由于失去了动作的参 与者或发出者，在描述事件或说 明事物时显得更为 客观；因此，名词化是科技英语最重要的特征之一。 eg， If you expose the item for long, it will quickly deteriorate. Prolonged exposure will result in quick deterioration of item.
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浅谈如何更好地进行医学英语专业词汇教学
浅谈如何更好地进行医学英语专业词汇教学作者：陈茜常胜欣王乐来源：《群文天地》2012年第14期一、引言英语学习在医学专业中显得尤为重要，能够帮助学生更好地阅读英语文献，了解国际最新的医学技术，是将来更好地从事学术交流的基础。
但是医学英语专业词汇往往是学习中的难点，如何在英语教学中更好地进行专业词汇教学，如何让学生在最短的时间，以最快的速度记忆和理解单词成为英语教学中需要格外重视的问题。
本文将对医学英语教学中专业词汇教学技巧进行简单探讨。
二、医学专业词汇学习的难点学习医学专业词汇是阅读医学专业文献、进行专业论文写作的基础，是医学专业英语教学的重点内容之一。
从现用《大学英语》教材中所出现的词汇看，涉及医学领域的词汇不到1/20 ，而且基本上是常用医学词汇或口语单词，如：cold(感冒) ，sore t hroat(咽喉痛)等。
学习医学专业英语时，首先需进一步扩大公共英语词汇，一般应达到8000～10000个，否则在阅读医学专业文献时，除了专业的词汇外，对许多句子仍不能正确理解。
要想能够基本阅读一般的医学专业文献，应掌握1000个左右的医学专业词汇，而且各方面的基本词汇均需涉及，如人体解剖词汇、生理病理词汇、免疫生化词汇、诊断学词汇(尤其是常见病)和常用药名词汇等。
这些医学专业词汇是医学专业英语教与学的一个难点。
相对于公共英语词汇，医学专业词汇的难点主要表现在两个方面：（一）难拼写医学专业词汇一般是由大量字母组成的多音节词汇，某些医学词汇甚至可由多达20个字母组成，如pseudohydrocephalus(假脑积水) ， reticuloendothelioma(网状内皮瘤)。
如此长的单词用传统的记忆方法是很难记住并拼写出来的。
（二）难读音由较多字母组成的多音节词汇难以找到重音音节，难以确定某些元音字母的发音。
但是，医学专业词汇也有其规律可循，主要表现在：一半以上的医学专业词汇是由两个或两个以上的词素组合而成的，其组合的一般模式是:前缀+词根+后缀。
英语学习阅读
周一薄荷小讲堂：如何利用碎片化学习英语今天的内容，老师会从英语的听，说，读，写四个方面来给同学们进行分享~内容安排如下：一.听力部分：1.充分利用免费英语电台2.选择感兴趣的栏目二.口语部分：1.确保有足够的语汇量2.寻找partner一起对话三.阅读部分：1.阅读内容2.如何阅读四.写作部分：1.从最简单的写作入手2.从模仿到原创❣内容比较多，同学们可以根据以上目录重点查看自己薄弱以及感兴趣的部分~英语学习作为语言的一种，粗略地可划分为听、说、读、写四个部分每个部分互相影响、相辅相成，万不可只注重其一而忽视其他。
那么，上班族在每天上下班乘地铁、学生党在每天课间十分钟、食堂排队、全职妈妈在孩子睡觉后等等看似碎片却充满利用机会的时间里可以通过哪些方式帮助自己提高英语水平呢？一、首先，从听力部分开始听力部分是大多数人学习语言最艰难的一关，缺乏语言环境的我们很难对听到的英文做出第一时间的反馈，而很多口语中的连读、省略、俚语等等也是我们克服听力的一大障碍。
二语习得（SLA）的相关理论说，学习一门外语最好的环境是在第二语言国家，因为潜移默化的输入最有利于形成条件反射。
虽然完全改变环境是天方夜谭，但是在碎片化时间为自己创造一个却是不在话下。
1.充分利用免费英语电台这类英语电台指的是诸如BBC电台的栏目Everyday English、6 Minute English或者国内出品的英语电台如Round Table，每个栏目时间长短不一，有六分钟的每天口语词汇教学，也有一期二十多分钟的对当今国内外时事的英语评论。
在自己的碎片化时间根据时间的长短选择合适的、感兴趣的栏目，更重要的是要每天坚持，坚持聆听，坚持思考，切忌只是让那些单词从自己的耳朵流过，更重要的是抓住自己的陌生部分，用大脑记忆。
例如：假设6 Minute English今日话题是the influence of mobile payment，那么里面必然会涉及到单词“convenient”、“QR code”、“pay in cash”等，听到这类词汇时，应能自动和日常生活进行联系，通过联想自己熟悉的场景来记忆单词，理解逻辑。