全国自考(国际商务英语)-试卷9
商务英语自考试题及答案
商务英语自考试题及答案****一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is NOT a common business greeting?A. Good morningB. How do you doC. Nice to meet youD. What's up答案：D2. In a business meeting, which of the following is NOT appropriate behavior?A. Arriving on timeB. Taking notesC. Interrupting othersD. Asking questions答案：C3. What is the most important factor in business negotiations?A. PreparationB. PersuasionC. BargainingD. Closing the deal答案：A4. Which of the following is NOT a typical business document?A. Business proposalB. Sales reportC. NovelD. Financial statement答案：C5. What is the best way to start a business presentation?A. By telling a jokeB. By stating the objectiveC. By sharing personal storiesD. By asking questions答案：B6. In business correspondence, which of the following is NOT a polite way to end a letter?A. Yours sincerelyB. Best regardsC. See you soonD. Yours faithfully答案：C7. What is the main purpose of a business plan?A. To secure fundingB. To outline goalsC. To describe productsD. To list expenses答案：A8. Which of the following is NOT a key element of a successful marketing strategy?A. Market researchB. Product differentiationC. Pricing strategyD. Employee training答案：D9. What is the most effective way to handle a customer complaint?A. Ignoring itB. Apologizing and offering a solutionC. Defending the companyD. Blaming the customer答案：B10. What is the primary goal of a business ethics policy?A. To increase profitsB. To improve customer satisfactionC. To ensure legal complianceD. To foster a positive work environment答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. When making a business phone call, it's important to introduce yourself and state the _______ of your call clearly.答案：purpose12. In business writing, the KISS principle stands for "Keep It Simple and _______."答案：Straightforward13. A _______ is a formal request for a meeting, usually sent in advance.答案：agenda14. The _______ clause in a contract outlines the terms under which the contract can be terminated.答案：termination15. A _______ is a type of insurance that covers a business's financial losses due to the inability to operate after a disaster.答案：business interruption16. The _______ is the part of a business plan that describes the company's mission and vision.答案：executive summary17. In a business context, _______ refers to the process of identifying and understanding the needs of customers.答案：market research18. A _______ is a financial statement that shows a company's revenues, expenses, and profit or loss over a specific period.答案：income statement19. _______ is the practice of offering a product or service at a low price to attract customers, with the intention of making a profit on subsequent sales.答案：loss leader20. The _______ is the part of a business plan that outlines the company's marketing and sales strategies.答案：marketing plan三、阅读理解题（每题5分，共30分）阅读以下商务场景对话，回答问题。
2023年自考专业(国贸)《国际商务英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案
2023年自考专业(国贸)《国际商务英语》考试历年真题摘选附带答案第1卷一.全考点综合测验(共20题)1.【单选题】We take the liberty____writing to you with a hope to get your best offers for Chinese bicycles.A.toB. inC.ofD.with2.【单选题】The letter we sent last week is an enquiry _______ color TV sets.A.aboutB. forC.ofD.as3.【单选题】Please see to it that the goods we ordered are shipped as soon as the covering letter of credit ______ you.A.getsesC.arrivesD. reaches4.【单选题】We agree to the amendments to the contract _____requested in your letter of May5.A.asB.likeC. to beD. when5.【单选题】Our bank offers minimum interest ______ for seller financing and for loans of cash.A.levelsB.ratesC.basesD.percentage6.【单选题】We regret the need for you to write to us and hope the steps we are taking____the safe arrival of all your orders in the future.A.insureB. assureC.sureD.ensure7.【单选题】On receipt of your instruction, we shall carry out this order ______.A.in returnB.without least delayC.with least delayD.without delays8.【单选题】The importer will go to the wharf and____delivery of the goods.A.makeB.effectC.fulfillD.take9.【单选题】After unpacking the case we found the goods did not____with the original sample.pareB. matchC.agreeD.measure10.【单选题】____shipment, please amend the L/C to allow transshipment.A.RegardingB.CoveringC.ConcerningD. Referring11.【单选题】We cannot accept any fresh orders _______ heavy commitments.A.due toB.owing toC.becauseD.on account of12.【单选题】Because there is no direct steamer from here to your port, we suggest that you____trans-shipment at Hong Kong.A.may acceptB.acceptC.must acceptD. can accept13.【单选题】Many international companies produce a large number of products, often divided into product________.A.categoriesB.mixC.brandsD.lines14.【单选题】We would like to take this ______ to establish business relations with you.A.openingB.opportunityC. stepD.advantage15.【单选题】We have received your enquiry of October 15_____we learn that you are interested in our Sewing Machines.A.from whichB.in whichC. whichD.at which16.【单选题】______our catalogues for your reference.A.EnclosingB. Please find encloseC.Enclosed please findD.Enclosure17.【单选题】No discount will be allowed ____ you could place an order for more than 5,000pcs.A.untilB. exceptC.besidesD.unless18.【单选题】The credit of letter will be confirmed by the Bank of China, Shanghai, that will _______your draft on the documents at sight for the amount of your invoice.A. acceptB.pay forC. receiveD.obtain19.【单选题】To comply with your request, we are quoting you _____.A.as followingB.as followC. as followsD.follow20.【单选题】As we are ____ the market for Table cloth, we should be glad if you would send us your best quotation。
2015年10月全国自考《国际商务英语》真题及答案【圣才出品】
2015年10月全国自考《国际商务英语》真题及答案课程代码:05844Ⅰ.Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese(10%)1.multinationalcorporations2.invisibletrade3.purchaseconfirmation4.billofexchange5.paymentinadvance6.naturalproductprovinces7.reservecurrency8.managedfloat9.InternationalMonetaryFund10.counter-veilingmeasures答案：1.跨国公司2.无形贸易3.购货确认书4.汇票5.预付货款6.产品自然领域7.储备货币8.管理浮动9.国际货币基金组织10.反补贴措施Ⅱ.Translatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsfrom ChineseintoEnglish(10%)11.管理合同12.基础设施13.竞争性贬值14.通知行15.发货港16.承保人17.买入价18.宽限期19.所得税20.豁免条款答案：11.management contract12.infrastructurepetitive devaluation14.advising bank15.port of dispatch16.the insurer17.buying rate18.grace period19.income tax20.escape/exemption clausesⅢ.Matchthewordsandexpressionsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright(10%)21.licensor a.therelationofexportandimportprices22.alternative b.theusingupofgoodsandserviceshaving anexchangeablevalue23.verifieddata c.apersonorcompanygrantingalicense24.underlying d.formingthebasisof25.title e.equalinvalue,onthesamevalue26.consumption f.reduce27.par g.thatmaybehad,usedetc.,inplaceofsth.else28.rebate h.happeningeveryalternateyear29.biennial i.righttothepossessionofapositionorproperty30.termsoftrade j.authenticmaterials答案：21.c22.g23.j24.d25.i26.b27.e28.f29.h30.aⅣ.Makebriefexplanationsofthefollowingtermsorgivethefullnameoftheabbreviationi n English(10%)31.ASEAN32.barter33.moneycirculation34.equities35.redeem答案：31.Association of Southeast Asian Nations32.Barter is a system of exchange where goods or services are directly exchangedfor other goods or services without using a medium of exchange,such as money.33.Money circulation refers to the continuous movement of income andexpenditure in economic activities,in which process money functions as the means of circulation and payment.34.Equities are certificates of common shares issued by a corporation.To raisefunds,a corporation issues shares to shareholders as a certificate,and the shareholders can get dividends from the corporation’s profits in return.35.Redeem refers to buy back debt securities(such as bonds or redeemablepreferred stock)on or before their maturity date.Ⅴ.AnswerthefollowingquestionsinEnglish(20%)36.WhatarethethreemajorobjectivesoftheWTO?答案：①To promote free trade by encouraging members to adopt nondiscriminatory, predictable trade policies.②To further reduce trade barriers through multilateral negotiations.③To establish more effective trade dispute settlement procedures.37.Mentionsomeoftheriskstheexportermayfaceintrade.答案：There are many risks the exporter may face in trade.Whether they can get full payment or not after they ship their goods overseas to the buyers.And they may be affected by the fluctuating cost of raw materials for products and exchange rate. Besides,there are also risks during transportation.The political status of importers’country is also a factor that may influence the receipt of payment.38.Whatis“contractcarriers”?答案：A contract carrier is a business which works with a select group of shippers to move people and goods between locations serviced by the contract carrier.Such carriers have specific contracts with the shippers they work with.39.Whatarethestandardsforclassificationofhigh-income,middle-incomeandlow-incomecountriesaccordingtotheWorldBank?Citesomeexamplesforeachgroup.答案：The World Bank classifies countries into high－income,middle income and low－income countries by GNI per capita.For example,for the current2016fiscal year, low-income countries are defined as those with a GNI per capita,calculated using the World Bank Atlas method,of$1,045or less in2014,such as North Korea, NepalSouth Sudan;middle-income countries are those with a GNI per capita of more than$1,045but less than$12,736,such as China,Mexico and Brazil; high-income countries are those with a GNI per capita of$12,736or more,such as Britain,Canada and the United States.Ⅵ.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese(15%)40.The2000revisionofIncotermstookaccountofthespreadofcustoms-freezones,theincreaseduseofelectroniccommunication,andthechangesintransportpractices.Thenewversionoffersasimplerandclearerpresentationofthedefinitionsofallthe terms.Asinthepreviousversion,thetradetermsofIncoterms2000arepresentedinaformatwhichallowssellerandbuyertofollowastep-by-stepprocesstodetermin etheirrespectiveobligations.【参考译文】2000年对国际贸易术语解释通则的修改考虑了无关税区的发展，商务活动中电子通讯使用的增加，以及运输方式的变化。
学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《国际商法》考试试题及答案解析
学历类《自考》自考专业(英语)《国际商法》考试试题及答案解析姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1、The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well ________.A、nourishedB、stuffedC、tamedD、ventured正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析2、_______ at all is worth doing well.A、WhateverisworthdoingB、ThatisworthdoingC、WhatisworthdoingitD、Whateverisworthdoingit正确答案：A答案解析：暂无解析3、He declined _______ more about it.A、sayB、tosayC、saidD、saying正确答案：B答案解析：暂无解析4、On average about ￡5000 a year is spent on each private school pupil,_______ the amount spent on state school pupils.A、astwiceasB、twicemoreasC、morethantwiceD、moretwicethan正确答案：C答案解析：暂无解析5、So far scientists have only acquired ________ understanding of the physical processl B、talkedC、talkD、totalk正确答案：A答案解析：appreciatedoingsth.愿意，喜欢做某事。
句意：人们喜欢同他交谈是因为他既博学又幽默。
7、It is obvious how bad movies will impact ________ children.A、onB、toC、withD、in正确答案：A答案解析：impact有时也可以当作一个动词来用，与之搭配的介词仍然是on。
2022年自考专业(国贸)基础英语考试真题及答案9
2022年自考专业(国贸)基础英语考试真题及答案一、词汇应用 (本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
1、Each country has to import the articles and commodities it does not itself ______.A．produceB．increaseC．designD．sell2、The import and export trades are two ______ of the same coin.A．partiesB．sidesC．groupsD．sizes3、It’s ______ that almost 3 million tourists will visit Singapore each year in the near future.A．supposedB．estimatedD．calculated4、The boss has always thought very ______ of him.A．highlyB．betterC．wellD．excellent5、International trade would be a quick and effective way to ______ the wounds of the war.A．repairB．remedyC．treatD．heal6、Marketing ______ a great many jobs in the United States. A．supportsB．providesC．searchesD．gives7、High interest rates ______ people from borrowing money. A．discourageB．decreaseC．disturb8、There are a few questions that ______ have to answer. A．economicalB．economicsC．economyD．economists9、You must always be on your ______ against violence.A．guideB．attentionC．protectionD．guard10、It is known that everyone ______ from free competition. A．profitsB．getsC．benefitsD．gains11、Bikes produced in Guangzhou are very ______ in many countries.A．belovedB．popularC．favoredD．enjoyed12、By means of taxation, we ______ for things that we need just as much as we need somewhere to live and something to eat. A．payB．ownC．getD．buy13、What the manager is saying does not ______ to me.A．fitB．suitC．applyD．adjust14、A steel mill ______ a huge area, and is a frightening place to visit because of its great fires and heat.A．coversB．containsC．seizesD．includes15、Companies ______ their products to make people buy.A．publicizeB．advertiseC．announceD．call二、语法结构 (本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)选择最佳答案完成句子，错选、多选或未选均无分。
全国 高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题
绝密★考试结束前全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试国际商务英语试题课程代码:05844 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案写在答题纸上㊂注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的考试课程名称㊁姓名㊁准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上㊂ 2.用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上,不能答在试题卷上㊂Ⅰ.Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)1.turnkey project2.EDIpound duties4.CPT5.trade credit accounts6.partial shipment7.cargo receipt8.port of origin9.buying rate10.tariff quotaⅡ.Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)11.债权国12.董事会13.关税联盟14.缔约方15.分阶段付款16.资金周转17.产品自然领域18.股权投资19.增值税20.技术转让Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)21.spur a.unable to pay debts22.welfare b.ability to succeed in operation23.remittance c.to urge or encourage24.business line d.to repay or pay off25.drawee e.a person or thing that closely resembles another in position or function26.insolvent f.a person to whom a draft is drawn27.viability g.a person engaged in the practice of a profession or occupation28.redeem h.money sent by post29.practitioner i.goods dealt in by a company30.counterpart j.well⁃beingⅣ.Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)31.invoice32.credit⁃worthiness33.revenue34.exchange rate35.FCAⅤ.Answer the following questions in English(本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)36.Explain briefly how a member borrows from the International Monetary Fund.37.What is a joint venture?How are the proportions of ownership determined?38.What are the differences between visible trade and invisible trade?Give a few examples of invisible trade.39.What are the nature and objectives of OPEC?Ⅵ.Translate the following into Chinese(本大题共2小题,第40小题7分,第41小题8分,共15分)40.Sending goods from one country to another,as part of a commercial transaction,can be a risky business.If they are lost or damaged,or if delivery does not take place for some other reason, the climate of confidence between parties may degenerate to the point where a law suit is brought.41.In a broad sense,transportation is defined as the movement of freight and passengers from one location to another.The important common element in any definition of transportation,however, is movement:changing the physical location of freight or passengers.Products must be moved to the locations where they are needed and wanted,such as groceries moved to a supermarket.Ⅶ.Translate the following into English(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分)42.对外直接投资是国际投资的主要方式,而控制成本则是企业对外投资的主要动机㊂43.口头业务协商指的是面对面的直接谈判或通过国际长途电话进行的商谈㊂44.许多人欢呼经济全球化带来的好处,但同时也有强烈的反对声音㊂45.许多国际交易是通过汇票支付的,汇票是对银行或顾客的支付命令㊂46.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现,即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售㊂。
商务英语自考试题及答案
商务英语自考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The term "B2B" stands for ________.A. Business to BusinessB. Business to ConsumerC. Consumer to ConsumerD. Consumer to Business答案：A2. In international trade, "FOB" refers to ________.A. Free on BoardB. Free of BoardC. Freight on BoardD. Freight of Board答案：A3. The abbreviation "CEO" stands for ________.A. Chief Executive OfficerB. Chief Executive OfficerC. Chief Executive OfficerD. Chief Executive Officer答案：A4. Which of the following is not a form of payment in international trade?A. Letter of CreditB. Cash in AdvanceC. ConsignmentD. Barter答案：D5. The term "TQM" stands for ________.A. Total Quality ManagementB. Total Quantity ManagementC. Total Quality MonitoringD. Total Quantity Monitoring答案：A6. "CIF" in international trade means ________.A. Cost, Insurance, and FreightB. Cost, Insurance, FreightC. Cost, Insurance, and FreightD. Cost, Insurance, Freight答案：A7. Which of the following is not a type of business letter?A. Sales LetterB. MemoC. Proposal LetterD. Invoice答案：B8. "MOQ" stands for ________.A. Minimum Order QuantityB. Maximum Order QuantityC. Maximum Order QualityD. Minimum Order Quality答案：A9. The term "ROI" stands for ________.A. Return on InvestmentB. Risk of InvestmentC. Rate of InvestmentD. Result of Investment答案：A10. In a business context, "RFQ" stands for ________.A. Request for QuotationB. Request for QuestionC. Request for QualificationD. Request for Quantity答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. When a company offers a product or service to another business, it is known as ________.答案：B2B2. The term used for the point at which the buyer and seller agree on the price of goods and the delivery terms is________.答案：contract3. The process of improving the quality and efficiency of a service or product is known as ________.答案：quality management4. The document that guarantees payment for goods shipped is called a ________.答案：letter of credit5. The minimum number of units a manufacturer will produce ata set price is known as the ________.答案：MOQ6. The acronym for a document that lists the details of a transaction and is used to bill the buyer is ________.答案：invoice7. The process of exchanging goods or services for other goods or services without using money is called ________.答案：barter8. The term used to describe the act of selling goods to customers directly is ________.答案：retail9. The process of managing the entire life cycle of a product from inception to disposal is known as ________.答案：product lifecycle management10. The term used to describe the process of identifying potential customers and persuading them to buy a product or service is ________.答案：marketing三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the concept of "outsourcing" in business.答案：Outsourcing refers to the practice of hiring another company to perform tasks that were traditionally performedin-house. It is a strategic initiative aimed at reducing costs, improving efficiency, and allowing a company to focus on its core competencies.2. What are the key components of a business proposal?答案：A business proposal typically includes an executive summary, problem statement, solution overview, implementation plan, cost analysis, benefits, and a call to action.3. Describe the role of a sales manager in a company.答案：A sales manager is responsible for leading a sales team, setting sales goals, developing sales strategies, training sales personnel, and monitoring sales performance to ensurethe company meets its revenue targets.四、论述题（共30分）Discuss the importance of effective communication in international business.答案：Effective communication is crucial in international business as it helps to build relationships, resolve misunderstandings, and facilitate negotiations. It also aidsin the clear conveyance of information, which is vital forsuccessful transactions and collaborations across different cultures and languages.。
4月全国自考国际商务英语试题及答案解析
全国2018年4月自学考试国际商务英语试题课程代码：05844Ⅰ. Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese （10%）1. customs area2. roll on-roll off traffic3. amendment4. gold standard5. gilt-edged stocks6. compound duties7. discount rate8. certificate of quality9. national treatment10. cost economiesⅡ. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English（10%）11．世界银行12. 互利贸易13. 保兑信用证14. 装船通知15. 增值税16. 追溯到17. 原产地港口18. 货物保险19. 商品交易会20. 目的地Ⅲ. Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right（10%）21. integration a. the act of putting money to use in something offering profitable returns22. voluntary offer b. connecting with the sea or navigation123. draft c. producing optimum results for the expenditure24. viability d. combining into a whole25. investment e. a person or an organization etc. that receives something26. export earnings f. the amount paid by an insured for coverage under the contract27. maritime g. an offer made on the initiative of the offerer28. premium h. money earned on the sale of goods to other countries29. cost-effective i. ability to succeed in operation30. recipient j. an unconditional order to someone to pay a sum of moneyⅣ. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English （10%）31. absolute advantage32. irrevocable credit33. indemnity34. green field strategy35. APECⅤ. Answer the following questions in English（20%）36. Why is it necessary to revise Incoterms in 1990?37. Why was the Special Drawing Right created?38. What contents should be included in a firm offer?39. What does international business refer to?Ⅵ. Translate the following into Chinese （15%）40. In insurance of all risks, the insurer is responsible for total or partial loss or damage to the insured goods arising from natural elements or from sea perils, including all losses caused by accidents to the carrying vessels or craft or by any external causes. But it does not, as its name suggests, really cover all risks.41. The term Triad refers to the three richest regions of the world, the United States, the European Union and Japan that offer the most important business opportunities. Any international enterprise must bear Triad in mind if they want to be successful in the increasingly competitive world market.Ⅶ. Translate the following into English（25%）242.在正常的市场交易中，由于使用货币及市场手段，货物的买与卖是分别进行的。
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全国自考（国际商务英语）-试卷9(总分：92.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.trade fairs（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：贸易洽谈会）解析：解析：trade意为“贸易”；fair意为“展览会，洽谈会”。
2.production approach（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：生产方式）解析：解析：production意为“生产”；approach意为“方式，方法”。
3.in bulk（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：散装）解析：解析：bulk意为“散装的”。
weight（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：净重）解析：解析：固定译法，专业商务术语，详见教材常见商务词语表。
5.confirmed letter of credit（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：保兑信用证）解析：解析：同定译法，专业商务术语，详见教材第十二课单词表。
6.counter offer（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：还盘）解析：解析：固定译法，专业商务术语，详见教材第八课单词表。
7.specific duty（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：从量税）解析：解析：specific意为“具体的”；duty意为“税收”。
8.short-sea maritime transport（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：近海运输）解析：解析：short-sea意为“近海的”；maritime意为“海事的”；transport意为“运输”。
9.par value（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：平价）解析：解析：par意为“标准，平均数值”；value意为“价值，价格”。
10.World Bank Group（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：世界银行集团）解析：解析：world意为“世界”；bank意为“银行”；group意为“团体”。
二、词组汉译英(总题数：10，分数：20.00)11.贸易壁垒（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：trade barriers）解析：解析：“贸易”译为“trade”；“障碍，壁垒”译为“barrier”。
12.无形贸易（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：invisible trade）解析：解析：“无形的”译为“invisible”，“贸易”译为“trade”。
13.电子数据交换（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)）解析：解析：E代表“electronic”，意为“电子的”；D代表”Data”，意为“数据”；I代表“Interchange”，意为“交换”。
详见教材第七课注释12。
14.多式联运（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：multimodal transport）解析：解析：“多式的”译为“multimodal”；“运输”译为“transport”。
15.跨国公司母公司（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：parent MNC）解析：解析：跨国公司为MNC(Multi—National Corporation)，本题为固定译法，详见教材第四课注释7。
16.董事会（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：board of directors）解析：解析：board一词本身就有“董事会”的意思；director也有“董事，理事，负责人”的意思。
17.非关税壁垒（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：non—traiff barrier）解析：解析：“non-”为表示否定意义的前缀；tariff有“关税”的意思；barrier意为“障碍，栅栏”。
18.初级产品（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：primary commodities）解析：解析：“初级的”译为“primary”；“产品”译为“commodity”。
19.进口关税（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：import duties）解析：解析：import意为“进口”；duty意为“关税”。
20.税率表（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：tariff schedule）解析：解析：tariff意为“关税表，收费表”；schedule意为“计划表，一览表”。
三、配对题(总题数：1，分数：20.00)a. the terminal to which goods are sentb. getting goods off a carrierc. the marketing, transporting, merchandising, and selling of any itemd. business dealings between individuals or firmse. combination of related parts or elements accepted or rejected as a single unitf. a choice from two or more posibilitiesg. very importanth. legal right of possessioni. authentic materialsj. semi-manufactures（分数：20.00）(1).alternative（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：f）解析：(2).verified data（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：i）解析：(3).fundamental（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：g）解析：(4).ownership（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：h）解析：(5).intermediate products（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：j）解析：(6).commercial intercourse（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：d）解析：(7).unload（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：b）解析：(8).package（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：e）解析：(9).distribution（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：c）解析：(10).destination（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：a）解析：四、名词解释(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.proximate cause of loss（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：When an insurance policy is made out to cover a certain risk，a claim becomes payable only if that risk occused as the proximate cause of the loss suffered．The proximate cause is the direct cause of the loss．)解析：解析：近因原则的含义是制定的保险单要承担某种险别，只有发生的风险是造成损失的直接原因时才能得到赔偿。
近因就是导致损失的直接原因。
22.insurance（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：Insurance is a social device in which a group of individuals transfer risk and provide for payment of losses from funds contributed by all members who transferred risk．Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism．Those who transfer risk are called insureds．Those who assume risk are called insurers．)解析：解析：首先，保险是一种社会机制，人们在此机制下转移风险，并从所有转移风险的成员所交纳的基金中提供损失赔偿金。
第二，保险也是一种风险转移机制。
第三，转移风险的人称为投保人，承担风险的人称为承保人。
23.standby arrangements（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：That’s the standby credit arrangement given by IMF to its member countries．)解析：解析：standby arrangements译为“备用(信贷)安排”。