英国概况复习题1
英国试题及答案
英国试题及答案
试题1：英国的首都是哪里？
答案：伦敦
试题2：英国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语
试题3：英国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：伦敦
试题4：英国的货币单位是什么？
答案：英镑
试题5：英国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰
试题6：英国的国歌名称是什么？
答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》
试题7：英国的现任君主是谁？
答案：伊丽莎白二世女王
试题8：英国的国旗由哪几种颜色组成？
答案：红色、白色和蓝色
试题9：英国的面积大约是多少？
答案：大约244,820平方公里
试题10：英国的人口大约是多少？
答案：大约6,800万（2023年数据）
试题11：英国的著名大学有哪些？
答案：牛津大学、剑桥大学、伦敦大学学院等
试题12：英国的地理位置如何描述？
答案：位于欧洲西北部，由英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成
试题13：英国的气候类型是什么？
答案：温带海洋性气候
试题14：英国的国鸟是什么？
答案：红胸鸲
试题15：英国的著名地标有哪些？
答案：大本钟、伦敦塔桥、巨石阵等。
英美概况考试重点复习材料(英国部分)
英美概况考试重点复习材料（英国部分）Chapter 1第一章Land and People 英国的国土与人民I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。
2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。
4. Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wale大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。
(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。
(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。
英美概况英国期末考试复习资料
英美概况英国期末考试复习资料I国家概述1,The Union Jackred cross: Englandwhite saltire: Scotlandred saltire: Northern Ireland2,This is the Welsh flag (Welsh Dragon). It is not represented in the UK Flag becauseWales was ruled directly from London.(before the 1st version of UK flag, Wales had already been conquered and considered to be part of England) 3,Motto of the UKGod and my right. (English)天有上帝,我有权利。
II climate1,Does Britain have a favorable climate？Why？Because a maritime type of climate—winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot;It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year;It has a small range of temperature & lack of extremes.2,What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain？The surrounding waters balance the seasonal differences;Britain is mainly influenced by the prevailing south-west winds across theAtlantic, which bring warm and wet air in winter and keep the temperature moderate;The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.III History of BritainEarly Settlers (5000BC-55BC)1, How about their civilization? (What did they bring with them?)a) The art of pottery makingb) The ability to fashion (ornament with patterns) bronzetoolsc) The custom of individual buriald) The hill forts (堡垒) and small fortified towns (筑堡城镇).The Maiden Castle is one of the finest examples.2, What was their religion?Druidism（德鲁伊德教），the Druids—the wise men,astrologers, soothsayersIV Transition to Modern Age (1455-1688)1,What happened during the 17th century?During the 17th century Puritanism became a political movement: the parliamentarians who fought Charles I and took power under Cromwell were Puritans, and the struggle between the king and parliament is also known as the Puritan Revolution. 2,What else were the Puritans called?After the Restoration of 1660 the Puritans left the Church, and from then on were known as Dissenters or Nonconformists. 3．The consequences of the Civil Wars(1) the English Civil Wars not only overthrew feudal system in England but also shook the foundation of feudal rule in Europe.(2) It is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.(3) The English Civil War is also called the Puritan Revolution, as the King’s opponents were mainly Puritan.4,How did the “Glorious Revolution”break out?A. James II’s revival of Catholicism in Englanda. When Charles II died, his brother succeeded, becoming James II.b. James, who was brought up in exile in Europe, was aCatholic.c. He hoped to rule without giving up his personal religious views.B. Intolerance of Catholic and dethrone of the Kinga. But England was no more tolerant of a Catholic as king in 1688 than 40 years ago.b. So the English politicians rejected James II, and appealed to a Protestant king.C. Co-monarchsa. William of Orange（奥兰治王室）, James’s Dutch nephew and husband of Mary, James’s daughter, was invited to invade and take the English throne.b. William and Mary were invited for joint rule, and they jointly accepted the Bill of Rights.D. the takeover with no bloodshed, nor any execution of the King, therefore became known as the Glorious Revolution. 5,The Bill of Rights 《权⼒法案》In 1689, William and Mary accepted the Bill of Rights to be crowned jointly.(1) The bill excluded any Roman Catholic from the succession(2) confirmed the principle of parliamentary supremacy(3) and guaranteed free speech within both the two Houses.(4) Thus the age of constitutional monarchy began.V.Judiciary(Headed by Lord Chancellor)VI Economy1,Economic declinetwo World Wars—great economic lossthe era of the British Empire was over—decolonization (losses of raw material & market)military expense (until the process of decolonization completed in the 1960s)2,Current British Economythe world's fifth largest economy(after US, Japan, Germany and China)The UK's people are the world's twelfth richest Sterling—performed relatively well against major currencies in recent years 五，福利六，宗教1，Who is the founder of Christianity?Jesus Christ, who was crucified around A.D. 30 in Jerusalem, is the founder of Christianity.2，Who is Jesus Christ?Jesus Christ is the Son of God. He came to earth to teachabout love and fellowship. He represents the person that all Christians must strive to be.Jesus was a Jew who was born about 2000 years ago in Bethlehem(1.伯利恒(耶路撒泠南⽅六英⾥⼀市镇,耶稣诞⽣地)). Jesus lived for 33 years before being crucified by the Romans. 3,What other names is Jesus known by?Son of GodLight of the WorldLamb of GodThe Good Shepherd.4,What do Christians believe?Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Son of God and that:God sent his Son to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sinsJesus was fully human, and experienced this world in the same way as other human beings of his timeJesus was tortured and gave his life on the Cross (At the Crucifixion)Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his Crucifixion (the Resurrection)Christians believe that Jesus was the Messiah promised in theOld TestamentChristians believe that there is only one God, but that this one God consists of 3 "persons"七，教育，假期1，Christmas→the biggest and the most popular British holiday celebrated on December 25th.→to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ.→People usually decorate homes with evergreen plants, Christmas trees and ornaments.→They exchange gifts and Christmas cards.⼋，⽣活1，Holidays and Festivals in Britainthe Christmas 'pantomimeBoxing Dayto hear the Queen give her Christmas message九，政治1，What's the role of the Queen or King?The head of everything but ruler of nothing.head of the statean integral part of the legislaturehead of the executivehead of the judiciarythe commander-in-chief of all armed forces of the Crownthe ‘supreme Governor’of the Church of England.2，The importance of the monarchy:Is found in its effect on public attitudeIs used to represent the continuity and adaptability of the whole political systemIs used as a symbol of the unity of the whole country, an acceptable bound among the peoples who retain many regional and cultural differences.People are convinced that the Queen has no bias towards any nation and exists to help preserve the people's rights, the right to personal property and the right not to be imprisoned without a trial.It is primarily to symbolize the tradition and unity of the British state.3 .What's your idea about UK keeping the monarch?A.Theoretically, the King or Queen is the source of all government powers. He/She is the head of the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all armed forces.B,In reality, the King or Queen does everything on the advice of the Prime Minister, and his/her role is symbolic, ceremonial, and not political.C,The monarch is the personal embodiment of the British government and a symbol of British unity, representing the continuity of the whole political system. So the stability of the D,British government owes much to the monarchy.E,The monarch can meet the PM on weekly basis at Buckingham Palace, give the Royal Assent to any new law that has been passed by Parliament, act as a final check on a government that is becoming dictatorial.F，As a figurehead to represent the country, the monarch can perform the following ceremonial duties:paying state visits to Commonwealthcountries as head of state and non-Commonwealth countries on behalf of theBritish government, etc.⼗，议会1，What are the main functions of Parliament?to pass lawsto provide, by voting for taxation, the means of carrying on the work of governmentto scrutinise government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditureto debate the major issues of the day2，the House of Lords: the upper house上议院the Lords Spiritual (the senior bishops of the Church of England 神职议员)the Lords Temporal (members of the Peerage ⾮神职议员)the members are not elected by the population at large but are appointed by past or current governments.3，the House of Commons: the lower house下议院a democratically elected chamber with elections held at least every 5 yearsMPs comes from 646 constituencies of roughly equal population.4,What Goes on in the House of Commons?Many hours are spent debating issues of national and international importance.Most often a motion is proposed by one or two of theGovernment’s front benchers and then the same number of persons from the Opposition front benches oppose it.The Speaker decides who is allowed to speak and he/she must ensure that each side is given equal opportunity and time to speak.After the debate the MPs vote for or against the motion. MPs vote by going into ‘lobbies’, one for ‘yes’and one for ‘no’votes where they are counted.After the votes are counted the results are announced in the chamber.⼗⼀政体1，2，The Political Parties(1) the Conservative party(2) the Labour party(3) the Liberal Democrats3，The Prime Ministeris appointed by the Queen.is the leader of his party in the House of Commonsis the head of governmenthas the right to select his cabinet, hand out departmental positions, decide the agenda for cabinet meetings which he also chairs.can dismiss ministers if this is requiredkeeps the Queen informed of government decisionshe exercises wide powers of appointments in the civil service, church and judiciary .4,What is the Cabinet?The collective decision-making (executive) body, composed of the Prime Minister and the most senior of the government ministersThe most senior members of the Cabinet are:PM, Deputy PM, Foreign Secretary, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Home Secretary. All Cabinet members are serving MP's or peers.Oppositions have a ‘Shadow Cabinet’.。
英美概况复习题1答案
英美概况复习题1答案
1. 英国的首都是哪里？
答案：伦敦。
2. 美国的独立日是每年的哪一天？
答案：7月4日。
3. 英国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。
4. 美国的货币单位是什么？
答案：美元。
5. 英国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。
6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？
答案：第四。
7. 英国的国王或女王的正式称呼是什么？
答案：君主。
8. 美国的宪法有多少条修正案？
答案：27条。
9. 英国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：伦敦。
答案：玫瑰。
11. 英国的议会由哪两院组成？
答案：上议院和下议院。
12. 美国的总统任期是多久？
答案：四年。
13. 英国的国歌名是什么？
答案：《天佑女王》。
14. 美国的人口在世界上排名第几？答案：第三。
15. 英国的国旗由哪几种颜色组成？答案：蓝色、白色和红色。
16. 美国的首都是哪个城市？
答案：华盛顿特区。
17. 英国的国教是什么？
答案：英国国教。
18. 美国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。
19. 英国的君主制是哪种类型？
答案：立宪君主制。
答案：《星条旗》。
英国概况练习题
英国概况练习题《英国概况》试题(1)I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is _B___.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB.Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD.the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies, Indies and Pakistan6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The H undred Years? war started in ____ and ended in ____, in which the Englishhad lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced byking _____.A. 30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14B. England, 15C. Italy, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers of America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 1979英美概况试题(2)21. Soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintainedthe lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A. the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionC. little money being investedD. the labour shortage24. Britain?s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are_____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she alwayssits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.A. Magistrates? courtsB. Youth courtsC. district courtsD. The Crown Court32. London?s Metropolitan Poli ce Force is under the control of_____.A. the England secretariesB. the Scottish SecretariesC. Northern Ireland SecretariesD. the Home Secretary33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights34. The non-contributory social security benefits include thefollowing except _____.A. war pensionB. child benefitC. family creditD. unemployment benefit35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public officesare open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.A. the lord ChancellorB. the Prime MinisterC. the SpeakerD. the ministers of all departments36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population inthe UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.A. 900B. 290C. 90D. 5038. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all答案answers :I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.1. B2. C3. A4. D5. D6. C7. A8. C9. B 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25.A 26. C 27. C 28.D 29. A 30.A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A英美概况试题(3)II. Fill in the blanks:1. Geographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are highlands_______, while the east and south-east aremostly_lowlands_____.2. Welsh is located in the __west____ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English _ Anglo-Saxons _____, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ___ Celts ___.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them, the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William?s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.8. _____?s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer?s time after hewas murdered.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England?s population from four million to ______ million by the end of the 14th century.10.One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______ farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12.During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheadssupported _______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and_______. The former were the forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that couldbe applied to textile and other machinery.17. After the Industria l Revolution, Britain became the “______” of the world.18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.21. _______ has Europe?s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official______, with its own leader and “______ cabinet”.24.The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is_____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and _____ persons in Scotland.28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of ______ in Northen Ireland) and _____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34.T he most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.答案answers：1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 1086 8. Thomas Becket 9. Black Death, two10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine17. workship 18. Winston Churchill 19. oil 20. the North Sea21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords29. the National Health Service, social security30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools33. further education, high education 34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th英国概况试题(4)Explain the following terms.1. William the ConquerorWilliam was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christams Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.2. the Hundred Years? WarIt referred to the intermittent war between France and England that last from 1337 to 1453. The causes were partly territorial and partly economic. When Edward IIIclaimed the French Crown but the French refused to recognize, the war broke out. At first the English were successful, but in the end, they were defeated and lost almost all their possessions in France. The expelling of the English was a blessing for both countries.3. the Wars of RosesThey referred to the battles between the House of Lancaster and the House of York between 1455 and 1485. The former was symbolized by the red rose, and the latter by the white one. After the wars, feudalism received its death blow and the king?s power became supreme. Thdor monarchs ruled England and Wales for over two hundred years.4. Whigs and ToriesIt referred to the two party names which originated with the Glorious Revolution of 1688. The Whigs were those who opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religious freedom for Noncomformists. The Tories were those who supported hereditary monarchy and were reluctant to remove kings. The Whigs formed a coalition with dissident Tories and became the Liberal Party. The Tories were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.5. Queen Elizabeth IIThe present Sovereign, born in 1926, came to the throne in 1952 and was crowned in 1953. The Queen is the symbol of the whole nation, the center of many national ceremonies and the leader of society.英国概况试题(5)Please answer the questions.(前三题请⾃⼰思考)1. Please introduce …cohabitation? of Britain and put forward your opinion on it.2. How would you account for the fact that far fewer women than men are in top positions or have highly paid jobs?3. What are the causes of crimes in Britain today? How do you understand the causes of juvenile crime?4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?——The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which themost important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country.The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.5. How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed?——The Industrial Revolution began with the textile industry. It?s characterized by a series of inventions and improvements of machin es, such as John Ray?s flying shuttle, James Hargreaves? spinning Jenny, Richard Arkwright?s waterframe and Samuel Cropton?s mule. The Scottish inventor James Watt produced a very efficient steam engine in 1765, which could be applied to textile and other machinery. The most important element in speeding industrialization was the breakthrough in smelting iron with coke instead of charcoal in 1709. Similar developments occurred in the forging side of the iron industry which enabled iron to replace wool and stone in many sectors of the economy. Improved transporation ran parallel with production.As a result of the industrial revolution, Britain was by 1830 the “workshop of the world”; no other country could compete with her in industrial production.6. How did the Labour Party come into being?—— As the new working class became established in the industrial towns in the late 18th century, they became aware of the power which they could possess if they acted together instead of separately. So various working class organizations were formed which brought about the formation of the Labour Party.The Labour Party had its origins in the Independent Labour Party, which was formed in January, 1893 and Led by Keir Hardie, a Scottish miner. The foundation of an effective party for labour depended on the trade unions. In 1900, representatives of trade unions, the ILP, and a number of small societies set up the Labour Representation Committee (LRC). The LRC changed its name to be Labour Party in time for the general election which was called for 1906. The Labour Party remains one of the two major parties in Britain until today.7. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain?—— A constitutional monarchy is a governmental system in which the head of State is a king or a queen who reigns but does not rule. The country is namely reigned by the Sovereign, but virtually by His or Her Majesty?s Government ——a body of Ministers who are the leading members of whichever political party the electorate has voted into office, and who are responsible to Parliament.The Constitutional Monarchy in Britain began in 1689, when king William and Queen Mary jointly accepted the Bill of Rights, which guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons and constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with power limited by Parliament began.8. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?—— The sovereign is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, he/she is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the a rmed forces of the crown and the “supreme governor” of the established church of England.9. What are the main functions of Parliament ?—— The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws; (2) to provide the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation; (3) to examine government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure;(4) to debate the major issues of the day.。
英国国家概况练习题(英国)
8. The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.
A. the Labor Party B. the Conservative Party C. the Liberal Party D. the Social Democratic Party
21.The two important crops in Britain are ____
A barley and corn B wheat and rice
C barley and oats
D. wheat and barley
22.In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ____
A the House Lord and the House of Commons B the House and the Senate C the Queen and the House of Lords D. the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons
17. In Britain, education is compulsory for children between the ages of _____ to _____. A 5, 14 B 6, 17 C. 5, 16 D 6, 14 18. The general election in Britain is held every ____ years. A four B three C six D. five
C. third largest
英国概况复习题1
英国概况复习题1Part I Geography（一）I. Multiple Choice1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,752D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 18014. Physiographical Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B. 12C. 145. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England6. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west7. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. Vale of Eden8. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. Bann9. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey10. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales11. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary12. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. England17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _____ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3B. 4/5C. 1/222. Britain’s main cereal crop is _____.A. oatsB. cornC. barleyD. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.A. Bank of EnglandB. Bank of BritainC. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include thefollowing except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _____.A. countryside in EnglandB. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith28.Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _____.A. coalB. ironC. goldD. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.A. limitation of immigrationB. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rateD. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.A. 60%B. 80%C. 70%32. The Queen’s University is in the city of _____.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80B. 85C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres.A. 30B. 25C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.A. GaelsB. BritonsC. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.A. southernB. northernC. western40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _____ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. WalesB. Northern IrelandC. Scotland42. The _____ E nd includes Westminster, St. James’ PalaceA. EastB. WestC. North43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. EnglandII. Fill in the Blanks1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.I I I. True or false______ 1.The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.______2. In Britain, differences in regional characters and speech can hardly been seenand heard.______3.Four political divisions on the island of Great Britain are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.______ 4.England is in the south of Great Britain.______ 5.The largest river of Brtiain is the Thames RiverIV. Answer the Following Questions1.What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall?2. What are the general characteristics of the British economy?。
英美概况考试题汇总
英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。
国土面积：24.36万平方公里。
人口：6020万。
首相：戈登·布朗。
分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。
首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。
大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。
2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。
最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。
3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。
终年温和多雨。
天气易变，难以预测。
4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。
1801年又与爱尔兰合并。
1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。
5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。
6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。
为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。
这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。
将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。
从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。
1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。
这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。
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Part I Geography（一）I. Multiple Choice1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,752D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southern3. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 18014. Physiographical Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.A. 13B. 12C. 145. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. England6. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to west7. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. Vale of Eden8. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. Bann9. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ParretB. ThamesC. Spey10. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. Wales11. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.A. North SeaB. English ChannelC. Dee estuary12. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. England17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.A. 50%B. 38%C. 42%18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern Ireland19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 169420. Britain is basically an importer of _____.A. foodB. raw materialsC. manufacturesD. both A and B21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _____ of the needs of the population.A. 2/3B. 4/5C. 1/222. Britain’s main cereal crop is _____.A. oatsB. cornC. barleyD. rye23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.A. Bank of EnglandB. Bank of BritainC. Bank of U.K.24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes25. “Black Country” refers to _____.A. countryside in EnglandB. an area around BirminghamC. a country in Africa26. The second largest port in Britain is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. Liverpool27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. Leith28.Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 30029. The U.K. is rich in the following except _____.A. coalB. ironC. goldD. tin30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.A. limitation of immigrationB. fall of the birth rateC. fall of death rateD. unemployment31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.A. 60%B. 80%C. 70%32. The Queen’s University is in the city of _____.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. Manchester33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialect34. About _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns.A. 80B. 85C. 9035. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres.A. 30B. 25C. 4036. The highest mountain in England is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. Seafell37. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. Manchester38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.A. GaelsB. BritonsC. Anglo-Saxons39. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.A. southernB. northernC. western40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.41. _____ has its own national church and its own system of law.A. WalesB. Northern IrelandC. Scotland42. The _____ End includes Westminster, St. James’ PalaceA. EastB. WestC. North43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.A. ScotlandB. Northern IrelandC. WalesD. EnglandII. Fill in the Blanks1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.11. The most important river is the River of _____.12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.20. In Wales many people speak _____.21. People sing the national anthem in _____.22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.26. The International festival of music and the arts is held every year in the city of _____.27. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.28. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.29. Westminster, the area of central government administration is situated in the _____ End.30. River _____ flows through Glasgow.31. Mt. Seafell stands in _____.32. The source of the River _____ is in the Cotswolds.33. The capital city of Wales is _____.34. The United Kingdom is rich in _____, iron, tin, copper, lead and silver.I I I. True or false______ 1.The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.______2. In Britain, differences in regional characters and speech can hardly been seenand heard.______3.Four political divisions on the island of Great Britain are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.______ 4.England is in the south of Great Britain.______ 5.The largest river of Brtiain is the Thames RiverIV. Answer the Following Questions1.What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall?2. What are the general characteristics of the British economy?。