新媒体与新闻媒体监督外文翻译文献
新闻媒体 英语作文
新闻媒体英语作文In today's fast-paced world, news media plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion and disseminating information. Whether it's through traditional newspapers, television, or online platforms, news media has the power to influence and inform the masses.The rise of social media has revolutionized the way news is consumed and shared. With just a few clicks, people can access a wide range of news sources and perspectives, making it easier than ever to stay informed about current events.However, the prevalence of fake news and misinformation has become a growing concern in the digital age. With the click of a button, false information can spread like wildfire, leading to confusion and mistrust among the public.Despite these challenges, news media continues to be apowerful tool for holding those in power accountable and bringing important issues to light. From investigative journalism to in-depth analysis, news media has the ability to spark meaningful conversations and drive social change.In conclusion, the role of news media in today's society cannot be overstated. It has the power to inform, influence, and inspire, making it an essential part of our daily lives. As technology continues to evolve, so too will the ways in which we consume and interact with the news.。
新媒体与新闻媒体监督外文翻译文献
文献信息：文献标题：Influence of the New Media on the Watchdog Role of the Press in Nigeria（新媒体对尼日利亚新闻媒体监督作用的影响）国外作者：Benedict Obiora Agbo，Okechukwu Chukwuma文献出处：《European Scientific Journal》,2017,13(2):126-140字数统计：英文2871单词，15350字符；中文4768汉字外文文献：Influence of the New Media on the Watchdog Role of thePress in NigeriaAbstract Section 22 of Nigeria‟s 1999 constitution indicates that the watchdog role is a constitutional duty of the press to ensure that government is responsible and accountable to the people. However, one major approach deployed by the press to enforce this crucial watchdog role is through investigative journalism. Investigative journalism provides a very potent platform for the press to unravel what is known as “facts behind the facts” particul arly in governance. More so, the press is no doubt a beneficiary of the advantages of the new media. The rapidity and ubiquity of the new media is now very visible in journalism practice. The question however is, what is the impact of the new media in the enforcement of the watchdog role of the press? Consequent upon the above question, the researchers assert that the new media have fundamentally aided the execution of the watchdog function of the press. This was premised on the fact that the press now utilise the new media to add depth and context to the coverage of events and issues. The new media now provide wider platforms for not just the press but also the citizens to hold government accountable. With the new media, both the citizens and media professionals now hold government at all levels accountable based on their activities. The new media are now massively used to oppose and criticize government policies and programmes as well as exposegovernment misdeeds such as bribery and corruption with a view to engendering improved government performance.Keywords: Watchdog, New Media,Press, Constitution, InvestigationIntroductionIn every society, good governance remains a cardinal platform to engender development. Where there is good governance, the wellbeing of the citizens is essentially a priority. On the other hand, bad governance (which is the direct opposite of good governance) is no doubt a fundamental avenue to herald stagnation, retrogression and frustration. The massive advancement in virtually all the developed nations has its root in good governance. To a very significant extent, these developed countries such as Britain, U.S.A., France, Russia, etc, have enjoyed the dividends of good governance while the underdeveloped/developing countries (most of which are in Africa) are obvious victims of bad governance.As earlier indicated, in many underdeveloped/developingnations such as Nigeria, bad governance has consigned the countries into a state of frustration. Citizens cannot properly feed, access good water, acquire good clothes and decent homes. They cannot access quality education, good roads, healthcare etc. We have inadequate learning facilities, poor learning environment and consistent teachers‟ strike at both the pre and post tertiary education levels. In the health centres, health workers are often on strike for reasons which amongst others entails poor working condition. We equally have the issue of inadequate healthcare equipment and many more. Monies meant to address these situations are often embezzled by corrupt officials.As a way of holding our leaders accountable and responsible to the people, the watchdog role of the press was introduced. The watchdog function of the press is essentially to hold government accountable. It is a crucial role that empowers the press to checkmate governments‟ activities with the core aim of engendering good governance. This function of the press has its root in section 22 of Nigeria‟s 1999 constitution. The section states clearly that, “the press, radio, tel evision and other agencies of the mass media shall at all times be free to uphold the fundamentalobjectives contained in this chapter and uphold the responsibility and accountability of government to the people”.A fearless and effective watchdog is critical in fledgling democracies such as Nigeria where existing democratic institutions are weak and pummeled by political pressure. The watchdog role of the press is all the more important because the critical arms of government: the legislature and the judiciary seem to have neglected their oversight functions hence they are powerless as mechanisms of social control. Thus the media are often left as the only check against the abuse of power, criticize corruption with a view to entrenching transparency, accountability and strengthen democratic fledging institutions (Idumange, 2013, para. 11).One major approach deployed by the press to enforce this crucial watchdog role is through investigative journalism. Investigative journalism provides a very potent pl atform for the press to unravel what is known as“facts behind the facts” particularly in governance. Through investigative journalism, the press conducts intense investigations to unearth hidden facts.The emergence of the new media has redefined the patterns of communication globally. In recognition of the importance of the new media, the press have massively began to utilize them (new media) in the practice of journalism. Both the broadcast and the print media journalists now use the new media to discharge their duty of information gathering and dissemination. In fact, journalism practice has taken a new dimension of been more interactive, timely, and interesting.The question however is, what is the impact of the new media in the discharging the watchdog role of the press in Nigeria? The above question formed the basis for this paper.An Overview of the New MediaThe new media are those methods and social practices of communication, representation and expression that have developed using digital, multimedia, networked computer and the ways that this machine is held transformed work in other media, like books, movies, newspapers, magazines, radio, television, telephone etc(Diri, 2009, p.177).The various internet-based applications, from social networks to user- generated content and micro-blogging, have empowered nearly every user of the new media to be a potential broadcaster, with the ability to rapidly create, modify, and share digital contents and knowledge with millionsof other users both locally and globally. This trend encourages new and emerging patterns of communication, demolishes artificial borders, while creating a participatory and new forms of other creative expression. This way, morepeople get to express themselves and participate in public debates more than before(Adelabu, 2011).With the various platforms the new media offer, it is possible for almost any citizen to communicate to a large and diversified audience either through blogs, social networking sites, internet groups and chat-rooms. Now, it is much easier for citizens around the world to challenge authorities on issues, expose corruption, and express their opinions via new media. Images that would have been censored by media houses based on their sensitive nature, get frequently circulated online. Online, people make comments and write without restraints. The opening of these new frontiers has provided opportunity for the media to enhance the operations (Adelabu, 2011).New media channels have formed a global interactiveweb community where connected people can easily share ideas, messages and update themselves on any unfolding happening in the world. Through this, people easily get informed more than any other source.A Brief Overview of the Watchdog Role of the PressThe watchdog function of the press is essentially to hold government accountable. It is a crucial role that empowers the press to checkmate governments‟ activities with the core aim of engendering good governance.The watchdog role is a constitutional duty of the press to ensure that government is responsible and accountable to the people. This watchdog function places a crucial demand on the press to instill accountability and responsibility in governance with a cardinal intention of wading-off corruption which will ultimately herald goodgovernance that will advance the wellbeing of the citizens. Laying credence to the above, Idumange (2013, para. 7) asserts that “The media are expected to monitor …happenings‟, especially activities of the government, and report same to the entire society. In addition, they are expected to uphold the responsibility and accountability of the government to the society”. Writing on the watchdog role of the press, Graber (1993, p.35) averred that：One role of the media in ademocracy is that of watchdog over government. The idea is that the press should dig up facts and warn the publicwhen officials are doing something wrong. Citizens can hold officialsaccountablefor setting things right only if they know about errors and wrongdoing.The Impact of the New Media on the Watchdog Role of the Press in Nigeria The next question that needs clarification in this discourse is how have the various new media platforms enhanced the watchdog role of the press? Put differently, in what way(s) have the new media aided the watchdog function of the press in Nigeria?The first response to the above question is through citizen journalism. Citizen journalism which is made possible by the new media is a cardinal practice that has essentially aided the watchdog function. The new media now provide wider platforms for not just the press but also the citizens to hold government accountable. With the new media, both the citizens and media professionals now hold governments at all levels accountable based on their activities. The new media are now massively used to oppose and criticize government policies and programmes as well as expose government misdeeds such as bribery and corruption with a view to engendering improved government performance.The second point here is that the new media have significantly added to the variety of sources for investigation. With the new media, journalists now have more sources to access very relevant information that will aid their watchdog function. Today, much sensitive information regarding the misdeeds of government and its agencies are uploaded by citizens with a core intention of exposing the ills ingovernance. Also, the variety of sources helps in the verification/confirmation of information. The avalanche of sources which the new media is a major contributor provides the journalist with better opportunity to properly cross-check facts in the performance of the watchdog role. To ensure the information at their disposal is accurate, the various new media sources are maximally utilized to verify the stories before they are published. Accordingly, Ani (2014) found in his study that the new media have expanded the scope of sources available for Nigerianjournaliststo access and transmit information that will aid the discharge of their watchdog function.Furthermore, the new media help to bring governmentactivities much closer to the Nigerian citizens thereby making it possible for the citizens to fully participate in the performance of the watchdog function. Various government activities are streamed on Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Short Message Service, etc, and gadgets such as ipod, mobile phones, ipad, etc are used used in this regard. The streaming by government is done with the priority intention of letting the citizens know about these activities. This provides a good platform for the citizens to join professional journalists in performing the watchdog role. When one is familiar with the activities of government, it places one in a good position to properly criticize those activities with the ultimate aim of engendering good governance. Giving credence to this, Njoku (2014) found in his qualitative study that the new media platforms have provided opportunity for non-journalists to join professional journalists in performing the watchdog function by criticizing government activities with the aim of ensuring good governance in Nigeria.It is also in place to aver that the new media have made the watchdog role of the press easier and faster in Nigeria. In this regard, what Joseph Dominick cal led “Back Pack Journalism” comes to mind.Here, the journalist does everything by himself. For instance, the journalist deploys the smart phone to conduct his investigations which amongst others include taking pictures of stolen money, property, fake contracts and other fraudulent activities of government and its agencies. Also, the smartphone is used to record interviews with sources and other information that will enhance the performance of the watchdog function.Challenges of Journalists‟ Utilisation of t he New Media in Performing theWatchdog Role of the PressDespite the fact that the new media have positively impacted on the performance of the watchdog role, some challenges abound. These challenges impede the press‟ maximal use of the new media in the en forcement of the watchdog function.The insufficient or unavailability of new media facilities such as the smartphones, laptops, Ipods etc is a serious impediment to using the new media in the performance of the watchdog function of the press. Even situations where these facilities are said to be available, they arenot adequate. To this end, the need to make the new media facilities not just available but sufficiently available becomes very pertinent. This is owing to the fact that contemporary journalism practice demands the use of the new media. It is unarguably a fact that any media establishment or journalist who wantstoremainrelevantin thecurrent trend of journalism practicemustembrace the new media and deploy them to aid their practice of journalism. Wilson, (2013, p.7) revealed in his study that some Nigerian journalists are yet to have access to new media facilities for contemporary journalism practice.Lack/poor Internet connectivity is as well a challenge in using the new media to discharge the watchdog function of the press in Nigeria and other developing nations. There are many locations in these nations where internet connectivity is unavailable. Even at locations where the internet can be accessed, fluctuating network is sometimes unavoidable. This makes it impossible for journalists to fully harness the internet to access and transmit relevant information that will be beneficial to the journalists‟ watchdog function. Smith (2014, p.11) found that some parts of Nigeria, especially the rural areas experience lack or poor internet connectivity thereby hindering the journalists from adequately using the new media gadgets to discharge their functions including the watchdog role.Also very fundamental amongst the challenges is the challenge of skill. For any journalist to effectively use the new media in performing the watchdog function, the need to possess adequate skill to operate the new media is no doubt very expedient. This is premised on the fact that the new media are very sophisticated technologies that require adequate knowledge for efficient utilization. Some Nigerian journalistslack the requisite skills to efficiently use the new media gadgets to aid their practice of journalism. This is as well visible in many African countries. In Nigeria, we refer to this set of journalists as “analogue journalists”. This implies that these journalists do not possess the needed skills to operate digital gadgets. Nwafor, (2013) finding points to the direction that there are some Nigerian journalists who do not have the requisite skill to use new media gadgets. In this regard, journalists must continue to undergo training and retraining to acquire the requisite skill that will enable them properly use the new media to fulfill the obligation of the watchdog.The issue of credibility/public suspicion is as well another impediment. In most developing climes like Nigeria, the culture of casting doubts on what is seen and read online is still visible. Some people have not fully come to terms with the fact that online sources have come to constitute very important avenue to access relevant information regarding various issues. They do not trust the information they access online. The tendency to only believe what they read and listen/watch on the conventional media still has its root in the citizens. This therefore put to suspicion information generated online through the new media in the discharge of the watchdog function. Similarly Hassan (2013) found that “suspicion among Nigeria audienceregardingmessagesonnewmedia/onlineplatformsconstitute amajor challenge to its usage by journalists”. But enlightenment continues to be the core remedy to this misconception.Furthermore, the attitude of journalists regarding the use of the new media in performing the watchdog function is also one of the core challenges. This is because some journalists have become too used to their old ways of doing things to the extent that they are now very conservative to embracing the contemporary trend of journalism practice. Because of their conservative nature, some journalists have refused to develop favourable attitude towards the use of the new media in discharging the watchdog role. They should as well be told the implication of continuing with the old pattern of journalism practice. The findings of Mohammed (2014) and Adebola (2013) gave support to this assertion. Sequel to the above, this set of journalists must be made to fully understand the need to accept and utilize the newmedia in the practice of journalism.ConclusionBased on the discussion above, the researchers conclude that the new media have fundamentally aided the execution of the watchdog function of the press. This was premised on the fact that the press now deploy the new media to add depth and context to the coverage of events and issues. The new media now provide wider platforms for not just the press but also the citizens to hold government accountable. With the new media, both the citizens and media professionals now hold governments at all levels accountable based on their activities. The new media are now massively used to oppose and criticize government policies and programmes as well as expose government misdeeds such as bribery and corruption with a view to engendering improved government performance.中文译文：新媒体对尼日利亚新闻媒体监督作用的影响摘要尼日利亚1999年宪法第22条指出，监督作用是新闻媒体的一项宪法义务，以确保政府对人民的责任和义务。
新闻媒体的重要性英语作文
新闻媒体的重要性英语作文The Crucial Role of News Media in SocietyIn today's world, the significance of news media cannot be overstated. It plays a pivotal role in informing, educating, and shaping the opinions of the public. The media is the bridge between the government, businesses, and the general populace, serving as a medium for the dissemination of crucial information and perspectives.Firstly,news media acts as a watchdog,keeping tabs on the actions and decisions of government and corporate bodies. It ensures transparency and accountability by reporting on issues that need to be addressed, such as corruption, mismanagement, and unethical practices.The media's ability to question and challenge authority ensures that these institutions remain responsive to the needs and concerns of the people.Moreover,news media educates the public about current affairs and global issues.It provides a platform for diverse viewpoints and perspectives,allowing people to form informed opinions. The media presents news stories from different angles, allowing viewers to gain a deeper understanding of complex issues and make informed decisions. Additionally, news media acts as a catalyst for social change.It can bring attention to important social causes and spark movements that lead to positive reform. The media's ability to shape public opinion can be powerful, and it has been instrumental in advancing causes such as gender equality, environmental conservation, and human rights.In conclusion, news media plays a crucial role in society. It keeps the public informed, educates them about current affairs,and acts as a watchdog over government and corporate bodies. The media's influence is felt across all sectors of society, and it remains an essential component of a well-functioning democracy.Its importance cannot be understated, and it is essential that we continue to support and uphold the values of free and fair news reporting.。
关于新媒体的英文作文
关于新媒体的英文作文Title: The Impact of New Media: A Comprehensive Analysis。
Introduction:In the era of rapid technological advancement, the emergence of new media has revolutionized communication channels and transformed various aspects of society. This essay aims to delve into the multifaceted impact of new media, examining its influence on individuals, communities, and the broader socio-cultural landscape.1. Redefining Communication:New media, characterized by digital platforms and interactive content, has redefined the way individuals communicate. Social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have enabled instantaneous, global connectivity, transcending geographical barriers. Peoplecan now share ideas, opinions, and experiences with unprecedented ease, fostering virtual communities and facilitating social interactions.2. Democratization of Information:The proliferation of new media has democratized access to information, empowering individuals with a wealth of knowledge at their fingertips. Online news portals, blogs, and citizen journalism platforms have diversified the media landscape, challenging traditional sources of information dissemination. Consequently, the public can now engage with a variety of perspectives, fostering critical thinking and informed decision-making.3. Cultural Exchange and Globalization:New media has facilitated cross-cultural exchange on an unprecedented scale, fostering cultural awareness and understanding. Through platforms like YouTube and streaming services, individuals can access diverse content from around the world, transcending linguistic and culturalbarriers. This exchange not only enriches cultural experiences but also promotes intercultural dialogue and appreciation.4. Challenges and Concerns:Despite its transformative potential, new media also presents challenges and concerns. The proliferation of fake news and misinformation on digital platforms has raised questions about media credibility and the spread of misinformation. Moreover, issues such as online harassment, privacy breaches, and digital addiction have emerged as pressing concerns, highlighting the need for ethical guidelines and regulatory measures.5. Economic Implications:The rise of new media has disrupted traditional economic models, particularly in the media and entertainment industries. Traditional print media outlets have faced declining readership and advertising revenue, prompting a shift towards digital platforms. Similarly, theentertainment industry has witnessed the rise of streaming services, challenging traditional distribution channels and revenue streams.6. Political Influence and Activism:New media has played a pivotal role in shapingpolitical discourse and mobilizing social movements. Platforms like Twitter and Facebook have been instrumental in galvanizing grassroots activism and amplifying marginalized voices. From the Arab Spring to the Black Lives Matter movement, new media has provided a platformfor social and political change, challenging existing power structures and fostering greater civic engagement.7. Future Trends and Opportunities:Looking ahead, the evolution of new media is poised to continue, presenting both challenges and opportunities. Emerging technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and artificial intelligence (AI) are poised to revolutionize content creation andconsumption. Moreover, the rise of blockchain technology holds the potential to transform digital ownership and distribution, fostering greater transparency and decentralization.Conclusion:In conclusion, the impact of new media on society is profound and far-reaching, touching upon various aspects of communication, culture, economy, and politics. While new media presents unprecedented opportunities for connectivity and creativity, it also poses challenges related to misinformation, privacy, and economic disruption. Moving forward, it is imperative to harness the transformative potential of new media while addressing its inherent challenges, ensuring a more inclusive, ethical, and sustainable digital future.。
关于新媒体英文作文
关于新媒体英文作文New media is changing the way we communicate and consume information. It's all about instant access to news, entertainment, and social interaction. Whether it's through social media, online news sites, or streaming services, new media has revolutionized the way we connect with the world.Social media has become a powerful tool for sharing opinions, connecting with others, and staying informed about current events. Platforms like Instagram, Twitter, and TikTok allow users to express themselves in creative and engaging ways, while also providing a space for important discussions and debates.Online news sites have made it easier than ever to stay up-to-date with the latest headlines and developments. With just a few clicks, we can access a wealth of information from around the globe, allowing us to form our own opinions and perspectives on world events.Streaming services have transformed the way we consume entertainment. Instead of waiting for a show to air on television, we can now binge-watch entire seasons of our favorite shows on platforms like Netflix, Hulu, and Disney+. This on-demand access has changed the way we engage with media, giving us more control over what we watch and whenwe watch it.The rise of new media has also brought about new challenges, such as the spread of misinformation and the impact of digital addiction. With so much information atour fingertips, it can be difficult to discern what is true and what is false. Additionally, the constant connectivityof new media can lead to feelings of anxiety and FOMO (fear of missing out).Despite these challenges, new media has undoubtedly enriched our lives in many ways. It has given us theability to connect with people from all over the world, access a wealth of information, and enjoy entertainment on our own terms. As new media continues to evolve, it will beinteresting to see how it shapes the way we communicate and interact in the future.。
新闻媒体的现状英语作文
新闻媒体的现状英语作文标题，The Current State of News Media: Challenges and Opportunities。
Introduction:News media plays a pivotal role in shaping public opinion, disseminating information, and holding those in power accountable. However, in recent years, the landscape of news media has undergone significant changes, presenting both challenges and opportunities. This essay will explore the current state of news media, examining the challenges it faces and the opportunities it presents for the future.Challenges:1. Fake News and Misinformation: One of the most pressing challenges facing news media today is the proliferation of fake news and misinformation. With therise of social media platforms, anyone can create and sharenews stories, often without verification or fact-checking. This has led to a climate of distrust among the public, undermining the credibility of traditional news sources.2. Declining Trust in Media: Trust in traditional media outlets has been on the decline in recent years. Partisan polarization, perceived biases, and accusations of sensationalism have eroded public trust in the media. This lack of trust makes it difficult for journalists to effectively fulfill their role as watchdogs and truth-seekers.3. Economic Challenges: The traditional business model for news media, reliant on advertising revenue and subscriptions, has come under strain. The rise of digital media and online advertising has disrupted traditional revenue streams, leading to layoffs, budget cuts, and consolidation within the industry. Many local news outlets have been particularly hard hit, leading to "news deserts" in some areas.4. Political Interference and Press Freedom: Pressfreedom is under threat in many parts of the world, with governments increasingly seeking to control or manipulate the media. Journalists face harassment, censorship, and even violence in their pursuit of truth and transparency. This hostile environment poses a significant challenge to the independence and integrity of news media.Opportunities:1. Digital Innovation: Despite the challenges it presents, the digital revolution also offers opportunities for innovation in news media. Digital platforms provide new avenues for storytelling, audience engagement, and revenue generation. From interactive graphics to podcasting to virtual reality journalism, news organizations can leverage technology to enhance the quality and reach of their content.2. Data Journalism and Fact-Checking: In an era of misinformation, data journalism and fact-checking have emerged as powerful tools for verifying information and holding sources accountable. News organizations can harnessdata analysis and investigative techniques to provide audiences with accurate, evidence-based reporting. By prioritizing transparency and accuracy, media outlets can rebuild trust with their audiences.3. Collaborative Journalism: Collaborative journalism initiatives bring together news organizations, journalists, and researchers to tackle complex issues and amplify underreported stories. By pooling resources and expertise, collaborative projects can produce in-depth investigations and foster greater transparency and accountability. This collaborative approach also helps to counteract the fragmentation of news media and promote a more cohesive information ecosystem.4. Community Engagement and Support: Building stronger ties with local communities can help news organizations weather economic challenges and cultivate a loyal audience base. By listening to the needs and concerns of their audience, news outlets can tailor their reporting to better serve local interests and foster a sense of belonging. Community-supported journalism models, such as membershipprograms and crowdfunding campaigns, offer alternative revenue streams and empower audiences to directly support the journalism they value.Conclusion:In conclusion, the current state of news media is characterized by both challenges and opportunities. While the proliferation of fake news, declining trust, economic pressures, and threats to press freedom present significant obstacles, there are also opportunities for innovation, collaboration, and community engagement. By embracingdigital technology, upholding journalistic standards, and fostering closer ties with their audiences, news organizations can adapt to the evolving media landscape and fulfill their essential role in democracy. Only by confronting these challenges head-on and seizing these opportunities can news media continue to inform, educate, and inspire the public in the years to come.。
新媒体英语作文模板初中
新媒体英语作文模板初中With the rapid development of new media, such as social media, online news platforms, and video streaming websites, people's lives have been greatly influenced. In this essay, I will discuss the impact of new media on society and individuals.Firstly, new media has changed the way people communicate and interact with each other. With the rise of social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, people can easily connect with others from all over the world. This has led to the globalization of communication and has made it easier for people to share their thoughts and ideas with a wider audience. However, it has also led to the rise of cyberbullying and online harassment, as people can hide behind the anonymity of the internet and say things that they would never say in person.Secondly, new media has revolutionized the way people consume news and information. With the decline oftraditional print media, more and more people are turning to online news platforms and social media for their daily dose of information. This has led to the rise of fake news and misinformation, as anyone can publish content online without any fact-checking or editorial oversight. As a result, it has become increasingly difficult for people to discern between what is true and what is false, leading to a decline in trust in the media.Furthermore, new media has also changed the way people entertain themselves. With the rise of video streaming websites like YouTube and Netflix, people can now watch their favorite shows and movies anytime, anywhere. This has led to the decline of traditional television and cinema, as more and more people are turning to online streaming for their entertainment needs. However, it has also led to concerns about the impact of excessive screen time on people's mental and physical health, as well as the rise of piracy and illegal streaming.In conclusion, new media has had a profound impact on society and individuals. While it has brought about manypositive changes, such as the globalization of communication and the democratization of information, it has also brought about many challenges, such as the rise of cyberbullying, fake news, and excessive screen time. As new media continues to evolve, it is important for society to adapt and find ways to mitigate its negative effects while harnessing its positive potential.。
新闻媒体 英语作文
新闻媒体英语作文The media plays a crucial role in shaping publicopinion and providing information to the masses. Whetherit's through newspapers, television, radio, or the internet, the media has the power to influence people's thoughts and beliefs.In today's fast-paced world, news is constantly being updated and disseminated through various channels. People are bombarded with information from all sides, making it difficult to discern what is true and what is not. This has led to a rise in fake news and misinformation, further complicating the media landscape.Despite the challenges, the media continues to be a valuable source of information for people around the world. It provides a platform for important issues to be discussed and debated, and gives a voice to those who may not otherwise be heard.However, the media is not without its flaws. Sensationalism and biased reporting are common, leading to a lack of trust in the media among the public. It is important for media outlets to strive for accuracy and impartiality in their reporting, in order to maintain their credibility.In conclusion, the media is a powerful tool that has the ability to shape public opinion and influence society. It is important for media outlets to uphold high standards of journalism and provide accurate, unbiased information to the public. Only then can the media truly fulfill its role as a source of reliable information and a platform for meaningful discourse.。
新媒体外文翻译文献
新媒体外文翻译文献随着信息技术的飞速发展，新媒体在全球范围内迅速崛起，成为了人们获取信息、交流互动和娱乐消遣的重要渠道。
在学术研究领域，关于新媒体的研究也日益增多，外文文献在这一领域的贡献不容忽视。
新媒体的定义和范畴在不同的研究中存在一定的差异。
一些学者将其定义为基于数字技术、网络技术和移动通讯技术等手段，通过互联网、无线通信网、卫星等渠道以及电脑、手机、数字电视机等终端，向用户提供信息和服务的传播形态。
而另一些学者则从更广泛的角度出发，认为新媒体不仅包括技术层面的创新，还涵盖了由此带来的社会、文化和经济等方面的变革。
在外文文献中，对于新媒体的特点和优势有着深入的探讨。
新媒体具有互动性强的特点，用户不再仅仅是信息的接收者，更是信息的创造者和传播者。
这种互动性打破了传统媒体的单向传播模式，使信息传播更加多元和个性化。
例如，社交媒体平台让用户能够轻松地分享自己的观点、经验和作品，同时也能够及时地与他人进行交流和反馈。
此外，新媒体还具有信息传播速度快、覆盖范围广的优势。
一条新闻或消息可以在瞬间传遍全球，让人们能够及时了解到世界各地的动态。
新媒体对社会各个领域的影响也是外文文献研究的重点之一。
在教育领域，在线教育平台的兴起为学习者提供了更加便捷和灵活的学习方式，打破了时间和空间的限制。
学生可以通过网络课程获取优质的教育资源，与世界各地的教师和同学进行互动交流，提高学习效果。
在商业领域，新媒体为企业提供了新的营销渠道和推广方式。
企业可以利用社交媒体、电子商务平台等进行产品推广和品牌建设，与消费者建立更加紧密的联系，了解市场需求和消费者反馈。
然而，新媒体的发展也带来了一些挑战和问题。
其中，信息过载是一个突出的问题。
由于新媒体平台上的信息数量庞大且更新迅速，用户往往难以筛选出有价值的信息，容易陷入信息的海洋中感到迷茫和困惑。
此外，虚假信息和谣言的传播也是新媒体面临的严峻挑战。
一些不良分子利用新媒体的传播速度快、范围广的特点，散布虚假信息和谣言，造成社会恐慌和不良影响。
新媒体外文文献翻译2014年译文3700字
文献出处：Jones Robert, The origin and development of new media [J]. International Review of Business, 2014, 7(2): 157-169.（声明：本译文归百度文库所有，完整译文请到百度文库。
）原文The origin and development of new mediaJones RobertAbstractThe concept of new media is distinguished from the mass media. New media research fields regards it as a new research field which is different with the mass media. Academic researches on new media follow the path of mass communication research in later development in the process of becoming the new force of original communication research paradigm shift.Key words: New media; Mass communication1 IntroductionIn the current communication field, the concept of "new media", is well known. The concept of scientific and new media research would be able to form independent, academia or opinions vary, unable to agree. Many new media researchers just coping with new media technology emerge in endlessly, and for the scientific nature of the new media and new media itself is the lack of attention.2 How to understand new mediaIn 2000, the international academia about the mainstream of the new media research journal "new media and social issue one year discovers language wrote:" we recognize that the new media is the concept of a relatively vulnerable, but it points out the focus on technology, media, are intertwined with social life affect the importance of the potential for change." Although the "new media" is a relative concept, but it has some common into the culvert. For example, the government set woven (NGO) thisconcept, is literally a negative there is no clear concept, referring to the originally used by the media, but when everyone to use this concept, it has specific connotation. At present, the understanding of the new media generally there are two different perspectives.2.1The longitudinal historical perspectiveIn May of 2008, the international communication association conference prelude to held in Montreal, with "of the long history of the New media: in context of contemporary and future development" the topic of the issue of five points: (1) the discussion of "the Old and New media (Media History Old & New)", and more New media and has a long history of media;(2) "history compilation and New media (Historiography & New)", to reflect on New media research history -- how we understand the terminology used in the New media, we need to do our what changes in the existing ideology;(3) "culture, the meaning and Codes (Cultures, Meanings & Codes)", the new concept of media and cultural implications and the relationship between the excavated in a large amount has not been the history of new media;(4) "system, group, weave and network (Institutions, Organizations & Networks)", focus on new media history developing latent in the invention and use of the structural factors behind the media;(5) "books written History of new media (Doing NewMedia History)", think about how to write new media History.The emphasis on the longitudinal historical perspective, the reason has the following three points: (1) the concept of "new media" itself is timeliness, but the media with history phase reference is the so-called "new media".(2) as a "new media" in the field of research is in the specific historical context, especially at a particular stage of medium development history, its connotation and denotation of relative stability. Can be seen from the foreign literature, 70 s ~ 80 s of the 20th century, this concept is used to refer to cannot be incorporated into new media phenomenon of traditional mass communication category. Before this, new media, there is no clear, (3) the research involves the evolution of media and new media revolution or theology and mutation. Only with longitudinal historical perspective, can grasp new media phenomenon and its implications.2.2 The horizontal Angle of viewFrom the perspective of the history of media of longitudinal, new media is relative, and in a specific historical period, new media is a concept of time. Within a certain period of time, the connotation of the new media should have a relatively stable. such as more detailed instructions, gives a definition of new media based on digital technology and Internet technology, new media form of new technologies such as mobile communication technology, hardware and software and information service mode, such as Internet TV, mobile TV, mobile TV, virtual communities, blogs, podcasts, search engines, such as simple polymerization (RSS).Abroad can be roughly divided into two categories: the definition of a class definition focuses on media form and the technical characteristics of the new media.For example, Bohr defines new communication technologies For the time of the "big about 25 kinds of transmission equipment hereinafter referred to as";(Ron Rice) emphasizes two-way transmission ability of computer and telecommunication technologies, new media is defined as such transmission technology - "contains computing power (or host) microprocessor, can allow or promote the interaction between users or between the user and information".(2) another definition is the technology in the study of the influence of the formation of the "social", think that the understanding of new media to transcend to the media attention, in the form of technology study of media technology and human behavior and the interaction of social structure. Steve Jones wrote in the introduction to the new media encyclopedia: "in the definition of new media, the only perfect undoubtedly comes from the comprehensive understanding of history, technology and society". In the new media handbook, a version of the preface, the editors put forward a framework to understand new media, think new media means transmission technology and its related social scene, which includes the following several aspects: "extending our transmission capacity equipment; using these devices for the spread of activities and practices; around the above equipment and practice form of social organization and practice. Today the cultural meaning of the new media also gradually attention by researchers,this framework gradually became plump perfect. Both the class definition is the product of new media research in different periods, the two complement each other. The first type definition to describe the technical characteristics of the new media, is basic to an understanding of the rich connotation of new media, new media also made clear a period to study media objects; the second definition based on this, understand the media framework is given and the general direction.At the same time, the understanding of "new media" critical question is: where is the new media "new"? It is also a new media researchers abroad had a warm discussion questions. Barr and Merry put forward in the "new media" : "new" refers to the media for the first time in the form itself, or the media shape caused by the social, legal, political, economic and cultural communication of the new changes? This "new" refers to the engineering and technical personnel as the "new", or ordinary people to understand the "new"?" New" refers to the new extension of the original media transmission ability, or fundamental change or even completely replace?" New media" as a concept connotation is rich of polymerization, referred to in the study of diversity and complexity of the make we cannot simply answer the above questions, but in the concrete research inevitably have to face it.3 New media is derivedAs we know, the new media in the 20th century, 60 ~ 70 s gradually has its relatively fixed referred to. Here, we will be in the origin of the development of new media in the media to examine its specific historical connotation. The long history of human media is full of evolution and revolution of alternating, like a long river slowly has rapids. Our age is a medium of change. In the second half of the 19th century as a starting point to comb through the medium of change is a relatively reasonable choice. In the history of human communication, should occupy the important position in the second half of the 19th century, the telegraph, telephone, the phonograph, the motion and other important communication technologies. In 1836, Morse developed the famous Morse code, and the next year to develop the world's first transfer of "dot" and "stroke" symbol machine, named "telegraph". The invention of the telegraph is firstapplied in electric power remote communication, constitute the cornerstone of modern communication, since then, the rapid development of "transmission line lightning", formed the huge communications network. Since that time, almost one and a half centuries "every 25 years is an important stage", such as cable of around 1850, 1850 and 1880 of the telephone, the transmission of electromagnetic waves around 1900, 1920 and 1930, the radio broadcasting and television from 1950 to 1960, the last is starting in the 70 s of the new media.70 s ~ 80 s, the first is called the new media, cable television, communications, video recorders, selective satellite receiving equipment and budding computer intermediary spread, etc. Communication scholars noticed that these cannot be incorporated into mass communication studied within the framework of the media. The communication equipment and its spread phenomenon shows its characteristics different from the traditional mass media, such as different from the focus of the linear one-way transmission, interactivity, etc. We want to computer intermediary spread, for example, the computer intermediary spread than other new media interactive stronger at that time, and is closely related to today's new media forms. Early cause is the main focus of the research institutions (such as university of rich set of aggregation concept, referred to in the study of diversity and complexity of the make we cannot simply answer the above questions, but in specific studies inevitably have to face it.4 The formation of new media research fieldNew media studies in the past 30 years gradually formed an independent field of study, as opposed to the traditional mass media field, at the same time with the traditional research of cross, the continuation and inheritance, and with the public social transition process related to the differentiation of the information society.The 80 s to the 1970 s and early '90 s, there emerge some famous scholars, who have a great influence on new media research: author of post-industrial society, Daniel bell, for the first time put forward the concept of "information industry" civilized form historians may visit loyal husband, author of technological society, Jacques YiLvEr, author ofcontrol revolution, bonitos and puts forward the concept of "knowledge industry" fritz mach up and others.In general, the research achievements of these early focus on elucidating the macro level, the lack of specific empirical research, in 1970, Herbert - Scott ham report social impact of communication technology as an example, the author in the opening picture is pointed out that at present about the impact of communication technology in the future social discourse should be understood as a guess, and put forward to public policy makers and the possible problems. It is worth mentioning that continues today and is closely related to today's new media studies computer intermediary spread, because do not conform to the interpersonal communication, mass communication, the distinction between didn't first get all the attention in the field of communication, but was concerned by other disciplines, such as social psychology, political science, sociology, pedagogy, management, information science, library science, etc. Many of their discovery could help to the understanding of the communication field of computer intermediary.(j. Short) such as straw, for example, in 1970, British scholar of transmission research team, from the perspective of psychology to experimental method was developed for the determination of subjects with different media "telepresence" society, at the same time in "the social psychology of telecommunications transmission," said teleconferencing systems can be made by the "social telepresence" (social presence) to evaluate, the so-called "social face theory" are put forward. Similarly, Future research of California (Institute for the Future) of rob (Robert Johansen) and his colleagues put forward the concept of "remote sensing" (talked).Overall, the early computer intermediary spread attention is a personal, interpersonal and communication within the organization, on a personal level focus on how the person's psychology, attitudes, behavior is affected by the computer mediation; In organizational communication level basic task oriented, such as effective decision-making in the community, improve the work efficiency, etc.In 1984, Ronald (Ronaid e. Rice) et al., editor of The new media, Communication, Research and technology "(The NewMedia: Communication, Research, and Technology) published a book.' in the preface the author points out: the intent of thebook is to remind the communication researchers, namely, micro processing technology, emerging technologies such as cable TV, satellite communication research is of great significance for communication studies. The selected papers in the book are mostly in traditional media effects research path, computer, telecom meeting how to affect the social structure and relationships. In 1986, Rogers, e. m. Rogers) in his book "the new Media transmission Technology: social" (Communication Technology: The New Media in Society) book, introduction to the use of new Communication technologies and history, to explore the interactive new Media to individuals, organizations and social life have put forward the basic problem. In 1988, another new media Research book "Research method and the new media" (Research, the Methods and the New Media) published, the content involves the particularity of new media Research, problems and solutions, and new media Research demands for the path of innovation theory and new research ethics.译文新媒体的起源与发展罗伯特·琼斯摘要新媒体是与大众媒体相区别的概念; 新媒体研究领域作为与大众传播研究相区别的领域而出现。
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新媒体与新闻媒体监督外文翻译文献
标题：新媒体与新闻媒体监督的外文翻译文献
一、引言
随着科技的飞速发展和全球化进程的加速，新闻媒体在我们的日常生活中扮演了日益重要的角色。
与此同时，新媒体的崛起更是对传统的新闻媒体构成了挑战，也对其形成了有力的监督。
本文将对新媒体环境下新闻媒体的监督进行外文翻译文献的综述。
二、新闻媒体监督的定义与作用
新闻媒体监督是指通过新闻报道和信息传播，对政治、经济、社会等各个领域的行为进行公开、公正的评价和揭示，以维护公众的知情权和舆论的公正性。
它是新闻媒体的一项基本职责，也是现代社会民主制度的重要组成部分。
新闻媒体监督能够揭示真相、防止腐败、促进公平，对于维护社会公正、保障公民权益、促进政治稳定具有不可替代的作用。
三、新媒体对新闻媒体监督的影响
新媒体的出现，使得新闻媒体监督的形式和范围都发生了重大变化。
首先，新媒体的实时性特点，使得信息传播速度大大提高，新闻媒体能够更快地揭示真相，对公众进行引导。
其次，新媒体的互动性，使
得公众不仅是信息的接受者，更是信息的生产者和传播者，这大大扩大了新闻媒体监督的主体和影响力。
然而，新媒体也带来了新的挑战。
例如，网络的匿名性和开放性，使得虚假信息的传播得以便利，这对新闻媒体监督形成了新的挑战。
此外，新媒体环境下，传统媒体的权威性也受到了挑战，新闻媒体监督的效果可能被削弱。
四、结论
总的来说，新媒体对新闻媒体监督起到了积极的推动作用，但同时也带来了新的挑战。
因此，我们需要在充分利用新媒体优势的同时，也要加强对新闻媒体监督的管理和规范，以确保其有效性和公正性。
参考文献：
1、John, D. & Levine, M. (2018). Media and society: an introduction. Routledge.
2、Gentzler, E. (2010). Media and society: an introduction. Routledge.
3、Sawhill, J. W. (2017). Media, Markets and Democracy. Wiley Blackwell.
4、Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing:Toward clarification of a
fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 57(4), 8-20.。