英语写作中的悬垂修饰问题

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句子垂悬修饰

句子垂悬修饰

• b.垂悬介词短语 例如,你想表达“在我九岁的时候,奶奶去世 了”。 错误:At the age of nine, my grandmother passed away.
分析:这是介词短语作垂悬修饰语,是错误 的,这个句子直译是:奶奶九岁的时候去世 了。语意完全变了。 正确:When I was nine, my grandmother passed away.
Definition:
A dangling modifier describes something that isn't even in your sentence. It is a word or phrase that modifies a word not clearly stated in the sentence.
• c.垂悬省略从句省略从句是指没有主语或 谓语,或主、谓语全无的从句。
例如,你想表达“尽管我还是个小男孩,但父亲总 想让我做些大人的工作。” 错误:Although only a small boy, my father expected me to do a man’s work.
分析:从句在说“我”,主句在说“父亲”,主语 不一致,导致了垂悬结构的出现。本句直译为:尽 管父亲还是一个小男孩,但他却期待我作些大人的 工作。显然,逻辑混乱。 正确:Although I was only a small boy, my father expected me to do a man’s work.
• Faulty: She told my sister that she was wrong. Revised: “I’m wrong,” she said to my sister. She admitted that she was wrong and said so to my sister. “You’re wrong,” she said to my sister. My sister was told that she was wrong. • Faulty: The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth. Revised: Fresh water is the most important things of the earth.

悬垂分词语法讲解

悬垂分词语法讲解

悬垂分词语法讲解
悬垂分词语法是一种将名词或动词的分词放置在句子开头或结尾的语法结构。

它常常用于英语的复合句中,旨在突出动作的发生或者强调句子的主题。

悬垂分词的基本形式是动词+分词(现在分词或过去分词),
它起到动词的功能。

悬垂分词可以用来修饰句子中的名词或者整个句子。

以下是一些关于悬垂分词的常见用法和示例:
1. 悬垂分词修饰名词:
- Arriving late for the meeting, John felt embarrassed. (现在分词) - Having finished his homework, Tom went out to play. (现在分词)
- Excited by the news, the children jumped up and down. (过去
分词)
2. 悬垂分词修饰整个句子:
- Having said that, I think we should consider another option. (现在分词)
- Ignoring her advice, he continued with his plan. (现在分词)
- Frightened by the loud noise, the dog ran away. (过去分词)
需要注意的是,悬垂分词的使用要符合逻辑和语法结构的要求,以避免产生歧义或语法错误。

同时,还应特别注意分词和句子主语之间的一致性和关联性。

考研英语语法形式错误及纠错分析

考研英语语法形式错误及纠错分析

考研英语语法形式错误及纠错分析考研英语语法形式错误及纠错分析1.破句破句又称为“片语”,也是写作中经常出现的错误之一。

简单地说,破句就是断句,它在语义上是不完整的、在语法上是不正确的。

如:【例1】误:I spent almost three hours on the phone yesterday.Trying to find a garage to repair my car.正:I spent almost three hours on the phone yesterday,trying to find a garage to repair my car.【例2】误:Talking with an old friend usually reviving old memories.Such as college pranks,football games,and wartime experience.正:Talking with an old friend,one can usually revive old memories,such as college pranks,football games,and wartime experience.【例3】误:The class often starts late.For example,yesterday at a quarter past nine instead of at nine sharp.正:The class of ten starts late,for example,yesterday at a quarter past nine instead of at nine sharp.【例4】误:The whole area is honey combed by caves.Many of which are still unexplored.正:The whole area is honey combed by caves,many of which are still unexplored.【例5】误:Parts of numbers smaller than 1 are sometimes expressed in terms of fraction,but in scientific usage are given as decimal.正:Parts of numbers smaller than 1 are sometimes expressed in terms of fraction,but in scientific usage they are given as decimal.2.融合句所谓融合句,就是两个或两个以上的句子没有适当的'标点符号或连词而融合在一起。

悬垂修饰语

悬垂修饰语
Approaching the top of the mountain, a vast expanse of farmland could be seen. ---- Approaching the top of the mountain, we/ you can see a vast expanse of farmland.
4. To appreciate the English language,
主语是人
reading must be done. (谁欣赏英语语言?)
主语是“阅读”
---- To appreciate the English language, you must read ( a lot).
Exercise: revise the sentences
1.
2. Swimming at the lake, a rock cut Jim’s foot. ---- Swimming at the lake, Jim cut his foot on a rock. ---- When Jim was swimming at the lake, he cut his foot on a rock.
Examples: 介词短语引起的错误:
1.
After three hours of practice, a large
主语是人
mug(大杯) of beer was what the thirsty
主语是“啤酒”
players wanted. (谁锻炼?) ----After practicing for three hours, a large mug(大杯) of beer was what the thirsty players wanted.

英语悬垂修饰

英语悬垂修饰

1.revision:Reading ,I heard the doorbell ring. 2.revision:Admired by everybody,the veteran soldier received dozens of letters.
Dangling Modifiers
dangling participles 悬垂分词 dangling gerunds
Dangling Modifiers
danglindangling infinitives
悬垂动名词
悬垂不定式
dangling elliptical clauses 悬垂省略句 dangling prepositional phrases 悬垂介词短语
e.g.To succeed, a lot of work should be done.
revision: To succeed we should do a lot of works.
Dangling Modifiers
dangling participles 悬垂分词 dangling gerunds
a pronoun has more than one possible antecedent(先行词)
e.g.John told his uncle that his money had been stolen. revision1: John said to his uncle:"My money had been stolen." John said to his uncle:"Your money had been stolen." revision2: John's money was stolen and he told his uncle about this. The money of John's uncle was stolen and John told his uncle about this.

悬垂分词问题

悬垂分词问题

英语四级语法指导:“悬垂分词”问题分词(短语)有意义上的逻辑主语,它或是句子的主语,或者另有自己的主语,不然称这种分词为“悬垂分词”,这样的句子一般认为是不能接受或错误的。

【例如】※Looking out of the window of our hotel room, there are lots of mountains.(这句话听起来好象是那些山从窗户往外看。

)※Admired by everybody, dozens of letters reached the veteran soldier.(这句话听起来好象是信件被赞扬。

)※Sitting under an apple tree one night, an idea came to Newton.(这句话听上去好象是某种思想坐在树下。

)关于“悬垂分词”这条语法规则也有例外情况。

下面几种情况中的分词(短语),不再认为它们是“悬垂分词”,即句子是正确的。

1)有些分词(短语)可用来表示说话人的态度,看问题的角度,或者对所叙述的情况进行解释,它们便成了句子的独立成分,其逻辑主语也就不再是句子的主语。

【例如】Strictly speaking, nobody is allowed in here.严格地讲,谁也不允许在这儿。

(speaking的逻辑主语并不是nobody)Judging from his accent, he must be from the South.从他的口音判断,他一定是南方人。

(这句中不是he在“判断”)Taken as a whole, there is nothing with the book.总的来说,这本书没有问题。

Taking all thingssintosconsideration, his work is a successful one.全面考虑起来,他的工作还是很成功的。

经常这样用的分词(分词词组)有:frankly (broadly, generally, properly, strictly…) speaking, judging from(by)…,talking about…,speaking of…,looking at…,taking…into consideration, put frankly, taken…等。

英语病句分析——浅谈悬垂修饰语的误用

英语病句分析——浅谈悬垂修饰语的误用

英语病句分析——浅谈悬垂修饰语的误用
齐广武
【期刊名称】《天津教育》
【年(卷),期】1989(000)0Z1
【摘要】英语中(除了几个已成为习惯用法的之外)动词的非谓语形式,即,不定式、动名词和分词等构成的短语作状语时,其逻辑主语(即意义上的主语)一般应与该句中的主语相一致,否则,句中的状语就成了悬垂修饰语(dangling modifier),整个句子也就成了病句。

现就几种典型悬垂修饰语作一归纳和分析。

1.悬垂分词(dangling participlo),即分词和主语毫无联系,表示的动作不是主语的动作。

例如: (1)Rushing into the room,lunch wasready.
【总页数】2页(P67-68)
【作者】齐广武
【作者单位】
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】G527.21
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2.浅谈英语名词词组后置修饰语的构成及用法 [J], 何历蓉
3.汉语思维导致英语作文悬垂修饰语问题分析 [J], 谢崇国;武清宇
4.浅谈汉英语言中前置修饰语的语序 [J], 孙烨
5.浅谈英语强化修饰语的概念分类 [J], 李诗平
因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。

解析四级英语写作中垂悬结构现象

解析四级英语写作中垂悬结构现象

解析四级英语写作中垂悬结构现象所谓垂悬结构是指非谓语动词短语和介词短语作状语时,其规律主语必需与主句的主语保持全都,否则构成一种语病,称为垂悬结构或非附着结构(unattached structure)。

这是高校四级英语写作中常见的错误现象之一,严峻影响对文章完整意思的精确理解。

一、四级英语写作中垂悬结构现象1、垂悬结构不定式。

To make friends,honesty is important.句中不定式短语To make friends 的主语应当是人,而主句的主语是honesty,两者不全都,构成了垂悬结构。

有三种改正方法:(1) 将不定式短语改成相应的状语从句,可更正为:If onewants to make friends,honesty is important. (2) 对主句做必要改动,使句子的主语与不定式短语的规律主语全都,可更正为:To make friends,one must be honest. (3) 给不定式短语加上自己的规律主语,可更正为:For one to make friends,honestyis important.2、垂悬结构分词。

Spreading to the left,he jumped downfrom the armchair. 依据此句话的意思,分词短语的隐含规律主语应当是the fire,而句子的主语是he,两者不全都,构成了垂悬结构。

有两种改正方法:(1)给分词短语带上一个自己的规律主语,使之成为一个独立主格结构,可更正为,The firespreading to the left,he jumped down from the armchair. (2)将分词短语改成相应的状语从句,可更正为:As/ When the firespread to the left,he jumped down from the armchair.3、垂悬结构动名词。

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如何避免这种错误
Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
基本原则
放在句首的修饰短语,一定要修饰句中的主语。 当一个修饰短语在句中找不到与它有逻辑关系的主语时,它就成了“悬垂修饰语”。
修改方法 可用以下两种方法: 一种是,在句子中加上一个能被分词短语所修饰的词。 另一种方法是把分词短语改为状语从句。
试改:
When I was six, my uncle bought me my first pet, a goldfish. or At the age of six, I received my first pet from my uncle.
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悬垂修饰 Dangling Modifiers
自动化工程学院 信号与信息处理 黄山
悬垂修饰语 Dangling Modifiers
Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
定义 ◎ 指与句子的主语不能构成逻辑上的主谓关系的修饰语。 ◎ 是写作过程中常见的句子错误之一,会造成逻辑关系混乱。 ◎ 悬垂修饰语多位于句首。 典型错句 Hearing a number of entertaining stories, our visit was thoroughly enjoyable. 上例中Hearing a number of entertaining stories是一个修饰性词组, 但他修饰哪个词呢?从逻辑上讲,他不可能修饰visit。那么,“谁”听到这些故事呢? 是visit的行为主体“我们”。但是we这个词在句子中却没有出现,所以这个修饰性词组 失去其修饰对象而呈游离或悬垂状态,被称作悬垂修饰语。
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
Climbing up the hill, a temple came in sight.
非谓语动词短语做状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。 上句中修饰语“Climbing up the hill”与句子的主语“a temple”之间不存在逻辑上 的主位关系,构成了垂悬修饰语。我们有如下两种方法来修改: (1)找出垂悬修饰语的逻辑主语。 • Climbing up the hill, we came in sight of a temple. (2)将垂悬修饰语改为从句。 • After we climbed up the hill, a temple came in sight.
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Thanks
for your Attention
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错因归纳
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背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
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强调
超链接
已访超链接
容易出现悬垂修饰语的情况一般在使用 分词、动名词、不定式 和省略句时容易出现此类错误。
上述三类非谓语动词在句子中作状语时,他们的逻辑主语和 主句主语应同为一人或一物。如果出现不一致的情况,分词独立 结构除外,非谓语动词短语与主句主语之间的修饰关系就会断 裂,动词短语失去修饰对象而呈游离或悬垂状态,整个句子意义 的完整性和逻辑性即被破坏。
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背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
原句:
While reading the paper last night, an article on solar energy attracted my attention.
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举一反三
Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
原句:
At the age of six, my uncle bought my first pet, a goldfish.
分析:
At the age of six并非是指my uncle六岁时。在句中也找 不到其他被修饰的对象。所以他成了垂悬修饰语。
Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
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强调
超链接
垂修饰语还可能出现于其它的句子成分。 悬垂修饰的同位语短语 例:A soldier of proved valor, they entrusted him with the defense of the city. 改:A soldier of proved valor, he was entrusted with the defense of the city.
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错句详解
Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
At the age of ten, my grandfather died. 这句中”at the age of ten”只点出十岁时,但没有说明“谁”十岁时,按一般 推理 不可能是my grandfather。 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点,全句就不 那么费解了。改为:When I was ten, my grandfather died. To do well in college, good grades are essential. 剖析:句中不定式短语“to do well in college” 的逻辑主语不清楚。 改为:To do well in college, a student needs good grades.
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
原句:
Looking up at the sky, the sun went under a cloud.
分析:
分词短语的行为动作,在句中找不到行为实施者。 这是垂悬分词。
试改:
Looking up at the sky, I saw the sun go under a cloud.
分析:
句中没有任何可以reading a paper 的人名。这是垂悬 省略从句。
试改:
While reading the paper, I became interested in an article on solar energy.
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Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
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超链接
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补充
上述四个例句,悬垂修饰语都位于句首,但它也常位于句末。如: The dog had only one eye, caused by an accident.
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悬垂修饰的其他句子成分
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
原句:
To ski properly, a course of instruction and training is necessary.
分析:
不定式的行为动作,在句中找不到行为实施者。这是 垂悬不定式。
试改:
To ski properly, a beginner should take a course of instruction and training.
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举一反三
Dangling Modifiers LOGO
背景
文本和线条
阴影
标题文本
填充
强调
超链接
已访超链接
原句:
By lowering the prices, more goods can be sold.
分析:
这是垂悬动名词。
试改:
We can sell more goods by lowering their prices.
悬垂的形容词 例:Young and inexperienced, the task seemed easy to me. 改:Young and inexperienced, I thought the task easy.
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如何避免这种错误
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