习语的翻译[1]
常用习语英语翻译
常用习语英语翻译1. Miss the boat错失良机They ll miss the boat if they don t hurry.如果他们不快点儿，就会错过机会了。
2.Kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕We always emphasize to kill two birds with one stone when we learn new thing.我们在学习新知识时经常强调一举两得的方法。
3.Add insult to injury雪上加霜Further work by Seiffert s team appears to add insult to injury.塞弗特团队的进一步研究更是雪上加霜。
4.Best of both worlds两全其美Some approaches allow you to get the best of both worlds.有些方法可以帮你取得两全其美的结果。
5.Cat nap打瞌睡I had a cat nap after lunch.午饭后我小憩了一会儿。
6.Bark up the wrong tree攻击错了目标I think the police are barking up the wrong tree.我认为警察弄错了目标。
7.Bed of roses称心如意的生活Without financial security, married life is no bed of roses.没有经济基础作保障，婚后生活不会幸福。
8. A bitter pill不能不做的苦事That s going to be a bitter pill for her to swallow.这对她来说一定很难接受。
9.Bite off more than one can chew心有余而力不足Don t bite off more than you can chew and keep your goal a manageable one.不要制定要求过高的计划，使你的目标可付诸实践。
习语翻译
汉语习语的翻译
1.同义习语借用法
• 意义和形象相同或相似的习语
• 随大流
• swim with the tide
• 绞尽脑汁
• to rack one’s brains
• 千钧一发
• hung by a thread
• 浑水摸鱼
• to fish in troubled water
• 君子协定
• gentlemen’s agreement
• 黄鼠狼给鸡拜年 —— 不怀好意
• A weasel wishing Happy New Year to a chicken – harboring no good intentions.
• 老虎吃天 —— 无从下口
• A tiger wanting to eat the sky – not knowing where to start.
• 葫芦里卖的什么药
come.
• 塞翁失马，焉知非福？• What’s at the back of it?
• a blessing in disguise
• 意义相同但形象不同的习语
• 胆小如鼠
• as timid as a hare
• 臭味相投
• Like draws to like
• 缘木求鱼
We’re not talking about the castle in the air – the donkey’s carrot. No, I mean something we’ve all shared.
Those who like to make a scene will never get advantage.
习语翻译 拟声词翻译
古代习语翻译
古代习语翻译德不孤，必有邻。
Virtue is not left to stand alone. He who practices it will have neighbors恻隐之心，仁之端也；羞恶之心，义之端也；辞让之心，礼之端也；是非之心，智之端也。
人之有是四端也，犹其有四体也。
The feeling of commiseration is the principle of benevolence. The feeling of shame and dislike is the principle of righteousness .The feeling of modesty and complaisance is the principle of propriety. The feeling of approving and disapproving is the principle of knowledge. Men have these four principles just as they have their four limbs.没有义务的地方，就没有权利Where there is no obligation there is no right.人类文明史也是一部同疾病和灾难的斗争史。
病毒没有国界，疫病不分种族。
面对来势汹汹的新冠肺炎疫情，国际社会没有退缩，各国人民勇敢前行，守望相助、风雨同舟，展现了人间大爱，汇聚起同疫情斗争的磅礴之力。
习近平The history of human civilization is one of fighting diseases and tiding over disasters. The virus does not respect borders. Nor is race or nationality relevant in the face of the disease. Confronted countries have tackled the virus head on. Around the world, people have looked out for each synergy in the fight against COVID-19.富而可求也;虽执鞭之士，吾亦为之。
习语、外来语的翻译
Translation of English Idioms, Slangs, Proverbs & Borrowings
退出
习语的翻译
（Translation of English Idioms）
英语习语是一个比较宽广的范畴，是经过长
时间的使用而提炼出来的固定短语或短句，是人 类从劳动中创造出来，和民族的历史背景、经济 生活、地理环境、风俗习惯、心理状态紧密相关， 把丰富的思想内涵精辟地表达出来，言简意赅、
风格和异域文化特色、文化意象，对原习语的表现 形式和意义原则上不做任何调整。鲁迅先生说过： “竭力想保存原书的口吻，大底连语句的词语也不 甚颠倒”。这也许就是直译的意思。
7 返回章重点退出
a die-hard think tank time frame the hot line paper tiger armed to the teeth comfort woman to burn one’s boats to fan the flame(s) to turn a deaf ear to to have a well-oiled tongue a gentleman’s agreement
人生如梦。
返回章重点退出
12
Give him an inch and he’ll take an ell. 得寸进尺。 Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施。 He spent money like water. 他花钱跟流水似地。 An idle youth，a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 While there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。
汉语习语翻译英文
“知人知面不知心”•“You can know a man’s face but not his heart.”杨宪益•“Appearances certainly are deceptive!” Howks霍克斯•水中捞月•to catch the moon in the water /to make an impractical attempt•fish in the air;•cry for the moon;•plough the sands;• a wild goose chase•胸有成竹•直译：Before an artist can draw a bamboo, he must have the image in his mind •意译：to have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth.•意义相等的英语成语：to have a card up one’s sleeve剖腹藏珠Penny wise and pound foolish声东击西To shout in the east and strike in the west刻骨铭心To be engraved on one’s heart and bones眉飞色舞to beam with joy粗枝大叶To be crude and careless无孔不入To take advantage of every weakness竭泽而渔Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs打草惊蛇Wake a sleeping dog井底之蛙To be like a frog at the bottom of a well调虎离山To lure the tiger from the mountain口蜜腹剑To be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted纸醉金迷(a life of) luxury and dissipation开门见山To come straight to the point单枪匹马To be single-handed in doing sth大张旗鼓On a large and spectacular scale海阔天空(to talk) at random易如反掌As easy as falling off a log玩火自焚Try in one’s own grease挥金如土To spend money like water掌上明珠The apple of one’s eye对牛弹琴Cast pearls before swine守口如瓶Keep a still tongue in one’s head雪中送炭Help a lame dog over a title画蛇添足Paint the lily小题大做Make a mountain out of a molehill赴汤蹈火Go through fire and water洗心革面Turn over a new leaf七上八下At sixes and sevens横行霸道Throw one’s weight about大发雷霆Blow one’s top过河拆桥Kick down the ladder•左右为难Between the devil and the deep sea•进退维谷Stick in the mud•骑虎难下Between the horns of a dilemma•左支右绌Between two fires•不上不下In a fix dilemma/ quandary/ predicament•无所适从Hold a wolf by the ears莫衷一是• 1. An Apple of Discord 争斗之源；祸根• 2. the Heel of Achilles / the Achilles' Heel唯一弱点；薄弱环节；要害• 3. Helen of Troy• 4.The Trojan Horse木马计；暗藏的危险；奸细• 5.Greek Gift(s) 阴谋害人的礼物；黄鼠狼拜年，不安好心• 6. Win/Gain Laurels获得荣誉;赢得声望•7. Under the Rose秘密地; 私下得; 暗中•8.Adam's Apple喉结孟母三迁moving one’s home for the desired environment for the education of one’s children •邯郸学步to imitate awkwardly•班女之才talented•百步穿杨extremely good at shooting•伯乐相马as capable as Bo Le in discovering talents•东施效颦imitate awkwardly•负荆请罪making an active apology•惊弓之鸟a deadly frightened person•劳燕分飞be separated•杞人忧天groundless worry•绕梁三日(of a song) so excellent as to let the audience feel it lingering for a long time •塞翁失马a loss may turn out to be a blessing•相濡以沫to help each other in the time of need;•(of an aging couple or a couple in general) to help each other in their remaining life or life in general•一饭千金to cherish others’ kindness at heart and repay it•初生牛犊不怕虎•New-born calves make little of tigers•Young people are fearless•明枪易躲，暗箭难防It is easy to dodge a spear in the open, but hard to guard against an arrow shot from hiding.•城门失火，殃及池鱼A fire on the city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.•路遥知马力，日久见人心。
一些中国习语的英语翻译
弄巧成拙 be too smart by half 强强联手 win-win co-operation 世上无难事只要肯攀登 /有志者事竟成 Where there is a will, there is a way. 塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing. 时不我待 Time and tide wait for no man.
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8、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。20 20年12 月15日 星期二 8时22 分50秒2 0:22:50 15 December 2020
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9、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自 强不息 。下午 8时22 分50秒 下午8时 22分20 :22:502 0.12.15
• 10、你要做多大的事情，就该承受多大的压力。12/15/
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6、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像 泥块一 样任意 揉捏。 2020年 12月15 日星期 二下午 8时22 分50秒2 0:22:50 20.12.1 5
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7、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我 。。20 20年12 月下午 8时22 分20.12. 1520:2 2December 15, 2020
拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new 大开眼界 broaden one's horizon 好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more 和气生财 Harmony brings wealth 活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn.
既往不咎 let bygones be bygones 脚踏实地 be down-to-earth 脚踩两只船 sit on the fence 留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope. 谋事在人成事在天 Man proposes, God disposes.
(完整版)Ⅷ.习语、谚语、俗语、诗句的翻译.
一、习语、谚语、俗语、诗句的翻译每种语言的背后都有深厚的文化积淀,各国各族人们在长期实践和使用过程中不断提炼出一些习语,反映本国、本民族的社会历史、文化、风土人情,用简练、优美的语言体现出深厚的文化底蕴和丰富的意义。
这些习语是语言的精华,是人类智慧的结晶。
汉语和英语均是使用广泛的语言,都有十分丰富的习语,人们在交往过程中往往使用习语来表达深刻的道理,增加语言美以达到更好的交际效果.在国际交往中也是如此。
另外,人们也常引用一些经典诗句来表情达意。
因此,在进行口译时经常会遇到需要快速传译习语、诗句的情况。
例如温家宝总理在纽约演讲时就引用了一句古诗“会当凌绝顶,一览众山小”(I will ascend 1the mountain's dominant peak—to have a commanding view all in a sweep;在哈佛大学的演讲中引用了“天下兴亡,匹夫有责”(Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country、“衙斋卧听萧萧竹,疑是人间疾苦声”(The rustling of bamboo outside my d oor sounds like the moaning of the needy poor;迎接外宾时人们常会说“有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎”(It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar。
在这些情况下,若口译员平常没有训练过习语、诗句的口译,没有熟记一些常用的习语、经典诗句,而是临场翻译,势必难译其妙,甚至会语塞卡壳。
习语、诗句的转译对口译人员来说是艰难而又必须跨越的障碍,因此,了解和掌握一些耳熟能详的习语和经典诗句对提高口译质量将大有益处。
1.百花齐放,百家争鸣。
Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.2.搬石头砸自己的脚。
1习语的翻译
1. 习语的翻译直译法1)汉译英feel just like fish in watersharpen one’s spear only before going into battleThe fox borrows the tiger’s terror.The cat weeps over the mouse.play the harp to a bulllike bamboo shoots after a spring showerAn inch of time is an inch of goldMan propose, God dispose.Faith will move mountains. 精诚所至金石为开优势：再现形象和修辞色彩，文化传播局限性：破坏意义的整体性胸有成竹：have a bamboo in one’s chesthave a well-thought-out plan before doing something2) 意译法：放弃意象手忙脚乱：in a frantic rush立竿见影：get instant result噤若寒蝉：keep quiet明火执仗：do evil things openly牵肠挂肚：be full of anxiety and worry快马加鞭：speed up藕断丝连：have not cut off relations completely五光十色：multicolored归心似箭：be very anxious to return home鸡毛蒜皮：trifling开门见山：come directly to the point狗急跳墙：do something desperately黔驴技穷：at one’s wit’s end单枪匹马：all by oneself生龙活虎：bursting with energy顺手牵羊：walk off with something守株待兔：trust to chance and stroke of luck 3) 套译法字面意义和蕴含意义基本一致：肉中刺：a thorn in the flesh浑水摸鱼：fish in troubled water趁热打铁：Strike while the iron is hot隔墙有耳：Walls have ears自投罗网：throw oneself into the trap嗤之以鼻：turn up one’s nose at一触即发：touch and go空中楼阁：castles in the air充耳不闻：turn a deaf ear to破釜沉舟：burn one’s boat晴天霹雳：a bolt from the blue熟能生巧：Practice makes perfect事实胜于雄辩：Facts speak louder than words 意象差异、喻意基本一致：laugh one’s head off 笑掉大牙at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟look right and left 东张西望throw a sprat to catch a herring 抛砖引玉seek a hare in hen’s nest 缘木求鱼spend money like water 挥金如土as timid as a hare 胆小如鼠like a rat in a hole 瓮中捉鳖Homer sometimes nods. 智者千虑，必有一失Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪Cry up wine and sell vinegar. 挂羊头卖狗肉New brooms sweep clean. 新官上任三把火Go for wool and come back shorn. 偷鸡不成蚀把米Do as you would be done by. 己所不欲，勿施于人Diamond like diamond.4) Back translation:an eye for an eyea gentleman’s agreementarmed to the teeth5) 加注法Show one’s proficiency with an axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter. 喻意比文化蕴含更重要时，放弃意象，概括喻意望梅止渴，画饼充饥：fantasy or an illusion。
习语的翻译
直译
• • • • • • • • • • 浑水摸鱼 to fish in troubled water 火上浇油 to add fuel to the flame 空中楼阁 castles in the air 沧海一粟 a drop in the ocean 倾国倾城 to overthrow cities and kingdoms
忌望文生义
• dog-eat-dog 1.This is an imperialist dog-eat-dog type of war. 2. Capitalism has carried over and greatly intensified this feudalistic dog-eat-dog element in social relationship. 3. In some early frontier towns it was dog-eat-dog.
终日不成章，泣涕零如雨。
She stops and drops the shuttle time and again, Shedding tears like pouring rain.
河汉清且浅，相去复几许。
Clear and shallow is the Milky Way, That keeps them miles and miles away.
意译
• 有口皆碑 • to win universal praise/ to be universally acclaimed • 各人自扫门前雪，休管他人瓦上霜 • Leave other’s business alone. • 忠言逆耳，良药苦口。 • Honest opinions go against your ears while the good medicine taste bitter.
汉译英中的习语翻译(1)
1.one track-mind 一根筋儿（track [træk] n.轨道；足迹）一个人的心思只往一个方向想stop reasoning with him.don't you know he is one track-mind。
别跟他较劲了。
他一根筋儿，你还不知道吗。
2.a black sheep 败家子（在英文里面是俚语，意思是害群之马，因为黑羊比较廉价，而白羊比较好，一群白羊里面有一只黑羊，表明在一群好的事物之中有个不好的事物，引申出来的意思就是害群之马）splash a big sum.挥霍一大笔钱（splash [splæʃ]溅；婆sum [sʌm]金额）Dick is a black sheep,always bringing trouble to family.3.people of his sort他那号人（sort 种类）how could he think l would go back on my words? l am not his sort,who is fickle and always blowing hot and cold. （fickle[ˈfɪkl]浮躁的，易变的）他怎么知道我会变卦，我可不是他那号人，整天喜怒无常的，说变就变。
4.the salt of the earth 没有坏心眼的人（很有用的俚语，盐在古代就被看得很贵重，被认为是尊贵的象征。
这个俚语出自《新约。
马太福音》耶稣对他的门徒说：“you are the salt of the earth: but if the salt have lost its savor,where with shall it be salted ?你们是世上的盐，盐若失了味，如何才能再咸呢？）所以意思就是中坚力量，精英，高尚的人Alice is really the salt of the earth, she has neither lied to nor harmed anyone.Alice没有一点坏心眼，从来不说谎话，也没做过对不起别人的事。
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§21 习语的翻译这里讲的习语（idioms）是广义的，它包括俗语（colloquialisms），谚语（proverbs），俚语（slang expressions）等。
在汉语中成语（idioms）和俗语（熟语）、谚语及俚语也是不同范畴。
在汉语中，成语是在长期流传使用当中固定下来的现成话，用固定词组的形式表现出来。
它具有明显的习用性和固定性（汉语多为四字结构）。
俗语也是语言里的特有词组，它们在用法上是整体的，在意义上是单一的。
它们的意义往往不能从字面上来解释。
如“磨洋工”（拖延时间），“碰钉子”（遭到拒绝）等等。
这些俗语多来自口语。
谚语是流传在人民口头上的反映集体智慧的现成句子。
现在也把这些统称为习语了。
英汉两种习语都具有简洁有力和比喻形象的特点。
所以翻译时要忠实地表达原意，尽量传达原文的生动形象，并保持原文的民族特色和节奏感。
一、习语的英译汉：一）直译：习语的直译也称直接复制。
汉语中的习语虽然很丰富，但翻译时常常找不到相对应的习语。
这时可以考虑把原文的习语直接译过来。
采用这种方法能保持原文的形象和比喻等。
但应该估计到复制出来的形象及其所表达的含义必须为读者所理解；语言也必须合乎译文的语言规范。
例1：Revolutions are the locomotives of history.译文：革命是历史的火车头。
例2：The enemy scurried away with tail between its legs.译文：敌人急急忙忙地夹着尾巴逃跑了。
例3：the cold war译文：冷战例4：a gentleman’s agreement译文：君子协定下面是一些从英语成语直译成汉语成语的例子，这些译文已经成了汉语习语的一部分：new wine in old bottles（旧瓶装新酒）look through coloured spectacles（带有色眼镜看）golden age（黄金时代）maiden work（处女作）virgin soil（处女地）fellow traveler（同路人）brain trust（智囊团）break the record（打破纪录）to be led by the nose（被牵着鼻子走）have a brush with（和某人发生摩擦）show one’s cards（摊牌）not to see the wood for the trees（见树不见林）tower of ivory（象牙之塔）a cultural exchange（文化交流）open secret（公开的秘密）life line（生命线）brain washing（洗脑）blue print（兰图）die-hard（死硬派）political arena（政治舞台）political capital（政治资本）second hand（第二手的）brain drain（人才外流）packed like sardines（挤得象罐头沙丁鱼）go into the red（出现赤字）happy birthday（生日快乐）但是，有些带有浓厚民族色彩、地方色彩或具有典故性的原文习语，往往在翻译时要加注，才能交待清楚原意，这就是直译时要加注，才能交待清楚原意，这就是直译加注法。
例如，to carry coals to Newcastle，仅译为“运煤到纽卡索，多此一举”还不够，还应该注明：“Newcastle是英国产煤中心”。
二）同义的习语套用：在翻译某些形象性习语时，有些采用形式和内容上完全相同的形象性习语来翻译；有些只能转译，改用不同的比喻来引起相同的联想。
1．两种语言完全相对应的习语（equivalent）：这种巧合情况虽然不多，但存在：例1：like a bolt from the blue译文：晴天霹雳例2：castle in the air译文：空中楼阁例3：Walls have ears译文：隔墙有耳2．两种语言所用的比喻不完全相同，只是大体相同（corresponding），含义相同。
例1：Money makes the mare go.译文：有钱能使鬼推磨。
例2：to spring up like mushrooms译文：如雨后春笋例3：Don’t throw away the apple because of its core.译文：不要因噎废食例4：to lead a dog’s life译文：过牛马不如的生活。
但要注意，不可使用具有明显民族特色和地方特色的习语套用原文习语。
例如，talk of the devil and he will appear，译为“说曹操，曹操就到。
”不够合适。
因为曹操必竟是中国特有的历史人物；译文过分汉化，失去特色。
三）意译：这里所谓意译，是指用一般词语表达形象性的习语，即放弃形象的翻译法。
如果原文的形象在译文语言里找不到相当的形象来套用，又不能直接复制时，只好用一般词语来表达。
例1：How many vials of hatred, how many kegs of poison the professors have emptied on Marx in denial of this elementary truth which any child can see.译文：为了要否定这一连孩童也懂的基本真理，那些教授们对马克思进行了极尽恶毒咒骂的能事。
（pour out the vials of (one’s) wrath upon sb 是圣经中的用语，意为“向…报化；找…泄气”）例2：In whipping up this anti-Chinese campaign, the imperialists have another axe to grind.译文：帝国主义煽起一场反华运动，是别有用心的。
（to have an axe to grind是来自美国的成语，意为“别有用心，另有企图。
”）例3：to wash an African white译文：劳而无功四）非习语译为习语：有时，原文虽没有习语，但在一定上下文中，适当地运用译文语言的习语（如汉语的四字格成语）来表达，不但能使译文简洁有力）而且生动传神。
例1：Every time I came back from a business trip it makes a new man of me.译文：我每到外头跑一次生意回来，这个地方就叫我耳目一新，精神一爽。
例2：She has beauty still, and if it be not in its heyday, it is not yet in its autumn.译文：她依然很美，如果不是芳华正茂，也还不到迟暮之年。
例3：He arrived at Shelly Hot Springs, tired and dusty, on Sunday night.译文：星期日晚上，他到达雪莱温泉馆，筋疲力尽，风尘仆仆。
但要注意，英语非习语译为汉语习语时不要违背忠实、通面的翻译标准。
不可滥用汉语的习语。
例如：It was a chilly day in early spring.译文1：这是早春二月，乍暖还寒时节。
（滥用习语）译文2：在初春一个寒冷的日子。
（较合适）二、习语的汉译英：一）直译：直译能够比较完整地保留原习语的比喻形象、民族色彩和语言风格。
但直译必须以不引起误解和符合译文的表达习惯为前提。
例1：国内废科举，兴学校，好象雨后春笋，努力学习西方。
译文：At home, the imperial examinations were abolished and modern schools sprang up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain every effort was made to learn from the west.例2：忙忙如丧家之犬，急急如漏网之鱼。
译文：stealthily as stray dogs, swiftly as fish escaping from the net.例3：下笔千言，离题万里。
译文：A thousand words from the pen in a stream, but ten thousand li away from the theme.下面是译得较成功的成语直译的例子；①吃一堑，长一智→A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.②不入虎穴，焉得虎子→How can you catch tiger cubs without entering the tiger’s lair?③指桑骂槐→cursing the oak-tree when they mean the ash④先礼后兵→being a gentleman first and a soldier second⑤良药苦口→Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.⑥清官难断家务事→Even and honest official can’t judge domestic cases.⑦做一天和尚敲一天钟→So long as I remain a bonze, I go on tolling the bell.⑧一寸光阴一寸金→An inch of time is an inch of gold.⑨识时务者为俊杰→A brave man knows how to bow to circumstances.但是，如果一些含有典故的、具有时显的民族色彩的成语，也采取直译的办法进行翻译时，往往要加注。
例1：班门弄斧译文：show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter--- display one’s slight skill before an expert.例2：名落孙山译文：fall behind Sun Shan (who was last on the list of successful candidates)--- fail in a civil examination.二）意译：当直译有困难，或勉强译出后英语读者无法理解时，可采用意译法。
舍弃原文形象，结合上下文传达原意即可。
例1：你说你会过目成诵，难道我就不能一目十行了？译文：You needn’t imagine you’re t he only one with a good memory. I suppose I’m allowed to remember lines too if I like.（“过目成诵”可直译为：be able to recite a passage after one perusal或be able to recite sth. after reading it over once. 而“一目十行”可直译为：Take in ten lines at one glance (said of a rapid reader.)）例2：你们瞒神弄鬼的，打量我都不知道呢。