初中英语冠词的用法及习题

冠词

1、冠词分类：

冠词是一种虚词，不能独立担任一个成分，只能附着在一个名词上，帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词：1）定冠词the

2）不定冠词a/an

2、不定冠词a / an的用法：

不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在元音开头的词的前面。

不定冠词的基本用法：

(1)表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如：There is a dog lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地

上。)

(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如：A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为：一头大象比一个人强壮。)

(2)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英语教师。)

(4) 表示“一”这个数量。如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)

(5)几个用不定冠词的习语：a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个), a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一

副、一双), a number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。

3、定冠词the的用法：定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。

定冠词的基本用法：

(1)表示特指的人或事物。如：The man with a flower in his hand is Jack..(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)

(2)指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)

(3)复述前面提到过的人或事物。如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那

个人叫罗伯特。)

(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。如：The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)

(5)用在表示方位的名词前面。如：There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地区

将会刮大风。)

(6)在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如：Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去？) / Of all the stars, the sun is

the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)

(7)常用在乐器名称的前面。如：He began to play the violin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)

(8)用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过

喜马拉雅山)

(9)用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如：He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)

(10) 用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月格林一家要去峨

眉山)

(11) same之前一般用the。如：Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)

(12) 几个用定冠词的习语：at the same time (与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一

直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。

4、一些不用冠词的情况：

(1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如：China is a very large country.(中国是个大

国) / Man needs air and water.(人类需要空气和水)

(2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如：My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的钢

笔比你的昂贵多了)

(3)周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如：He was born on Monday, February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月

十八日,星期一) / They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)

(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如：Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)

(5)三餐饭前不用。如：We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)

(6)节、假日前一般不用。如：On Children’s Day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这

些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)

(7)球类名词前不用。如：The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(孩子们星期六下午踢足球)

(8)城市的重要/主要建筑物名称前不用。如：They are now at People’s Cinema.(他们此刻在人民电影院)

(9) 一些习惯用语中不用。如：⑴at / to / from / out of / after / for school; ⑵in / to / for / after class; ⑶

in / to / out of / into bed; ⑷after / at/ from / out of / to work;⑸at / to sea;⑹in / from / down / to town;⑺at / from home;⑻at / for / to breakfast/lunch/supper; ⑼at night/noon/midnight;⑽on foot;⑾go to school/bed; ⑿on top of;⒀in front of;⒁on show/display/duty/watch;⒂in / out of hospital;⒃at all; ⒄on/in time;⒅at first/last/once;⒆in Chinese/English,etc.;⒇take care of

随堂练习：

1. There is ______ old woman in the car.

A. /

B. the

C. a

D. an

2. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.

A. /

B. an

C. the

D. a

3. Bill is ______ English teacher. He likes playing ______ football.

A. a, the

B. an, the

C. an, /

D. /, /

4. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _____ hour to go there by ______ bus.

A. an, /

B. an, a

C. a, /

D. /, /

5. The story is ______ interesting. That means it is ______ interesting story.

A. an, the

B. the, a.

C. /, an

D. /, a

6. This is ______ interesting story-book and it is also ______ useful one.

A. a, a

B. an, an

C. an, a

D. a, an

7. _______ woman over there is ______ popular teacher in our school.

A. A, an

B. The, a

C. The , the

D. A, the

8. They passed our school ______ day before yesterday.

A. an

B. one

C. a

D. the

9. Don’t play ______ basketball here. It’s dangerous.

A. a

B. an

C. /

D. the

10. --- Have you seen ______ bag? I left it here just now.

--- Is it ______ one on the chair near the door?

A. a, a

B. the, the

C. a, the

D. the, a

11. He said that he got ______ “ C” in the test.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

12. English is _______ useful language in ______ world.

A. an, the

B. a, the

C. the, the

D. an, an

13. In the word “ cariage” _______ “ r” is lost.

A. the

B. an

C. a

D. /

14. I have two dogs. ______ black one is two years old and ______ yellow one is three years old.

A. A, a

B. The, a

C. The, the

D. A. the

15. Li Dan can play ______ piano very well.

A. /

B. a

C. an

D. the

16. What ______ interesting film it is! I like ______ film very much.

A. a, the

B. a, a

C. an, the

D. The, /

17. ______ tall man over there is our ______ English teacher.

A. A, the

B. The, a

C. A, an

D. The

Ⅰ用a/an 填空

1 ______ map 2. _____ old woman 3. _____ table

4. _____ apple

5. _____ thing

6. _____ box

7. _____ “B” 8. _____ “H” 9. _____ English car

10. _____ knife 11. _____ egg 12. _____ orange

Ⅱ用适当的冠词填空，如不需用冠词，在空白处划×

“Where’s Jim’s pen?” “It’s on _____ desk.”

This is a picture of a hill. Look at _____ picture.

Can you see _____ orange in _____ box?

They aren’t here . I think they’re at _____ home.

I have _____ new friend at school.

Is this Li Ming’s _____ book?

That isn’t _____ Chinese bike. It’s _____ American bike.

She’s in _____ No,20 Middle school.

There is _____ boat on _____ river.

Behind _____ house there is _____ tree.

I am _____ American. My name is _____ Ann. I am_____ new student. I am in _____ Chinese middle school. My _____ teacher is Miss Gao _____ teacher is _____ old woman. I have _____ sister. We are _____ twins. We look _____ same. She is in _____ different school we all like _____ English.

Ⅲ将下列句中汉语译成英语

Where is _____ (你们的) room?

_____ (你) can go to ask _____ (他们)

Is _____ (他的) bike new? _____ (我的) bike is rew.

Where is _____ (我的) eraser?

_____ (她) is an English girl.

_____ (她的)name is Lucy.

Ⅳ用人称代词的适当形式填空

1`. Is this _____ (I) pen? 2. Is that _____ (you) book?

3. Are these your rulers? NO, _____ aren’t. _____ are here (they)

4.This is a girl. _____name is Kate Green(she)

5. Who are these boys?

_____ are Jim and Mike.(their)

_____ are in Class live (our)

_____ is Tom. _____ bag is at home.(he)

Choose the best answer （选择最佳答案）:

1. There is _______ house in the picture. There is ________old woman near_________house.

A. an; a; the

B. a; an ; the

C. the ; a; an

D. a; the; an

2. He has already worked for ______ hour.

A. the

B. an

C. a

D. 不填

3. Alice is fond of playing ______ piano.

A. the

B. an

C. a

D. 不填

4. Beyond ____ stars the astronaut saw nothing but _____space.

A. 不填；the

B. the ; the

C. 不填，不填

D. the; 不填

5. ______ terrible weather we`ve been having these days!

A. How a

B. What a

C. How

D. What

6.------ Where is Jack? ------ I think he is still in ______ bed but he might just be in ______bathroom. A. 不填；不填B. the; the C. the;不填D. 不填; the

7.When do you have _____breakfast every day? A. a B. an C. the D. 不填

8. Many people are still in _____ habit of writing silly things in ______public places.

A. the ; 不填

B. 不填; the

C. the ; the

D. 不填; 不填

根据句意及汉语提示，在下列各句空缺处写出各单词的正确形式。

1. My ________(学生) like me and I like them.

2. Jim and David are my ___________ (同班同学).

3. These are my friends. ___________(他们的) names are Han Mei and Wei Hua.

4. Is Jim Kate' s ___________(兄弟) ?

5.--

6. Those are _________(香蕉) and these are ___________(桔子).

7. These two ___________(妇女) are my teachers..

8. Is ___________(每人) here today?

9. That's my bird, ______________(它的) name is Polly.

10. What's this in English? It's a __________(钟).

11. That' s not your classroom, it' s _____________(我们的).

12. There are many ___________(动物) over there.

13. What's in the ___________(双胞胎的) bedroom?

14. What's your ____________(最喜欢的) colour?

15. Are Tim and Tom in different ___________(学校)?

16. --What's the time? --It's a _____________(一刻钟) to seven.

17. Are there any ___________(警察) in the room?

18. His ____________(衣服) are grey. What about yours?

19. Can you count from one to a ____________(百) ?

20. Whose ____________(女儿) are the girls? Mr King's.

阅读故事记单词

朋友与你相互嬉闹，朋友与你互掏腰包；朋友与你互相惦记，朋友与你心有灵犀；朋友与你有苦共担，朋友与你有乐同欢……请读读这篇真挚的友情故事。

Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: piano lessons, movies, swimming, and horseback riding.

When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were bu sy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less. One day a card that I se nt came back, stamped “Address Unknown.”I had no idea how to find Linda.

Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my childr en and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my mother died. The re was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.

One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked like Linda and whose last name was Wong —Linda’s married name. “There mu st be thousands of Wong,” I th ought, but J still wrote to her.

She called me as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs Tobin!” she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wong is my mother.”

horseback riding 骑马wedding n.婚礼share vt. 分享excitedly adv. 激动地开心一刻

Q: How do you stop a sleepwalker from walking in his sleep?A: Keep him awake.

怎样才能不让梦游者（sleepwalker）梦游（walk in his sleep）呢？最简单的方法就是不让他睡觉。虽然这不是治疗方法，但如果让梦游者醒着呢，他的确就不会去梦游了。

记住以下词组

1. stop to do sth 与stop doing sth 停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事.

Stop sb. from doing sth 是阻止某人正在做的事情

The two girls stopped talking when they saw me. 那两个女孩一见到我就停止了讲话。

The two girls stopped to talk to me when they saw me.这两个女孩一看到我就停下来和我讲我。

2. forget/remember to do 与forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得去做某事(与) 忘记/记得曾

经做过事.

The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.

办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。

3. keep(prevent/stop)sb. from doing sth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事

I tried to stop my father from smoking,but failed. 我尽力阻止爸爸抽烟，但是失败了

4. used to do sth.过去常常做某事.

He used to go home on foot. 他过去常常走路回家。

5. It takes sb. some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间.

spend …..on sth.(doing sth.)花钱/时间做某事.

It took me half an hour to do my homework.

I spent half an hour on my homework.我花费了半个小时做作业。

I spent half an hour on doing my homework.