上海英语高考语法新题型(附答案)
最新上海市高考英语语法词汇新题型训练(附答案)
最新上海市高考英语语法词汇新题型训练II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )Let‟s say “Hi” to this cute yellow duck! Thousands of people 25 (crowd) the harbor of Kaohsiung city(高雄市), Taiwan to welcome this giant floating yellow rubber duck.The 59-foot-tall duck is a copy from a bathtub toy 26 (love) by children. It was created by a Dutch(荷兰的) artist, 27 has taken the duck around the world 28 ( send) a message of happiness.The duck now is floating happily on the water of Kaohsiung city. It will not leave the city 29 ter, it will begin visiting other cities in Taiwan. It 30 (expect) that this special guest will attract about three million visitors and bring tens of millions of dollars.(B)Eric Chen, a 17-year-old student from California, U.S.A., was the big winner ofthis year‟s Google Science Fair(谷歌科学挑战赛). He introduced 31 new medicine to fight 32the spread of flu viruses.Flu viruses, such as H7N9, 33 (pose)a great threat to the world and have already killed millions of people.“I felt like this was a really 34(urge) problem and I thought, …35 can‟t I find a new anti-flu medicine?‟” Chen said. Then he started his research 36 wowed the judges of the Google Science Fair.As the winner, Chen got a $50,000 scholarship and a trip to the Galapagos Islands(加拉帕哥斯群岛). He plans to use part of the money to develop a 37 (powerful ) flu medicine.“I really like 38 (do) research,” Chen said. “I‟m doing work 39 will make the world a better place.”参考答案25.crowded 26.loved 27.who 28.to send 29.until 30. is expected31. a 32. against 33.pose 34.urgent 35.Why 36.and 37. more powerful38.doing 39. that。
2023上海高考英语语法题
题目：2023上海高考英语语法题详解一、题目分析本次上海高考英语语法题主要考察了动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、复合句以及倒装句等语法点。
其中，动词时态和语态的考察较多，涉及了现在完成时、一般过去时和过去完成时等时态，以及被动语态的用法。
非谓语动词的考察主要集中在不定式和动名词作宾语和补语的情况。
形容词和副词的比较级则主要考察了两者之间的比较，以及多音词的比较级形式。
复合句的考察主要涉及了宾语从句和状语从句。
倒装句则主要考察了部分倒装的情况。
二、解题思路对于动词时态和语态，首先要根据上下文确定时间状语，再根据时间状语选择合适的时态和语态。
对于非谓语动词，要分析句子结构，确定主语和动词之间的关系，再根据关系选择合适的非谓语动词形式。
对于形容词和副词的比较级，要掌握比较级的用法和规则，特别注意多音词的比较级形式。
对于复合句，要分析从句结构和从句的成分，再根据需要选择合适的连词和从句类型。
对于倒装句，要了解倒装的用法和规则，特别是部分倒装的情况。
三、实例解析例如，题目：What did you do last weekend? 这句话应该用一般过去时态，因为last weekend 表示过去的时间状语，所以应该用动词过去式did作为助动词。
答案为：I did something interesting last weekend.再例如，题目：The movie has been on for an hour, and the audience is still enjoying it.这句话中，“still enjoying it”应该用现在完成进行时态，因为句子中出现了for an hour这个时间状语，表示动作已经持续了一段时间，所以应该用现在完成时态来表示过去的动作对现在的影响。
答案为：The movie has been on for an hour, and the audience has been enjoying it for a long time.四、备考建议首先，要系统学习语法知识，掌握各种语法点的含义、用法和规则。
上海市高考：语法填空之被动语态(含答案)
被动语态（核心考点精讲精练）【近年真题考点分布】【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢一、被动语态的构成形式被动语态由构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。
被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。
各种时态的被动语态形式如下：被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。
It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。
In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut.在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。
With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。
While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。
We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。
1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well.这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。
上海高考语法填空新题型
上海高考语法新题型Read the following passage and fill in each blank in one of the following two ways: ①according to the context; ②using the correct form of the given words. (阅读下面的短文，用以下两种形式之一完成短文：①根据上下文填空；②用所给单词的正确形式填空。
)（A）What would you choose, if you were sitting in front of a TV and there was a book right next to you? The answer will most probably be the TV! Young people would certainly choose the TV, but you will be surprised to find out that the older 25 will at least hesitate about choosing it. Why is this? Are the books not as interesting as they used to be? Is it that the world 26_______ (change) so much in recent years that our habits are not the same any more ?Nowadays many people have 27______ interest in literature. This may be a possible explanation. Another reason might be the change of lifestyle. We are more likely to visit a club or a bar 28______ (relax) ourselves after a long day's work, rather than read a book in the comfort of our own homes. People are more outgoing than they used to be. All the stress of work makes us want a quick relaxing means. Perhaps, most of us do not have the patience to read any more. It is much 29_______ (simple) to turn on the TV and watch the latest news around the world than read 19th century literature!With all the TV programs, every one of us can find an interesting show or movie to watch. What's better than getting into bed with the remote control and 30______ (fall) asleep whenever you wish? You are 31______ master of all the TV programs. The only disadvantage is that TV will never provide you with all the facts that a book can do. TV is much more superficial (肤浅的)than books, 32 _____ _____ it does get you relaxed in just a moment!（B）There are several ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit .You can talk to friends who have travelled to the places. Or you can see a color film or read travel books.It would seem 33 _____ there are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, subjective account of travels 34 ______ the author has actually made himself. If they are informative and have a good index（索引）then they can be useful 35_____ you when you are planning your travels. The second kind are those books whose purpose is to give a purely objective description of things to be done and seen. If a well-read, cultured person has written such a book then it is even more useful. It can be sorted as a selected guide book The third kind are those books 36______ (call) “a guide” to some place or other. If they are good, they will, in addition to their factual information, give an analysis or an explanation. Like the first kind they can be 37______ (inspire) and interesting. But their basic purpose is to help the reader who wishes to plan in the most practical way.38_____ kind of travel book you choose, you must make sure that 39______ does not describe everything as “wonderful”,“excellent”or “magical”. You must also note its date of publication because travel is a very practical affair and many things change quickly in the 21stcentury. Finally, you 40 ______ make sure that the contents are well presented and easy to find. （A）ones 26. has changed 27. no/little/less 28. to relax 29. simpler/ more simple 30. falling 31. the 32. even if（B）33. that34. which 35. to 36. called37. inspiring 38. Whatever 39. It 40.should/ must。
上海市上海中学东校2022届高考英语新题型试卷一(解析版)
Tight-lipped elders used to say, “It’s not what you want in this world, but what you get.”Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
【4题详解】
考查限定词。句意：虽然房子的主人说这个酒店是由对大自然有浓厚兴趣的人们创造的,但是任何一个想象力丰富的人都会欣赏其独特的设计和装饰。空格位于名词短语前,所以应填入限定词,物主代词its或者定冠词符合句意。故填its/the。
【5题详解】
考查连接词。句意：房间的名称恰如其分地代表了你走进房间时所期待看见的东西。句中“you expect to see ...”为宾语从句,且引导词在从句中做动词see的宾语,故填what。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这个地方以十个精心装修的卧室和一个设计成特洛伊木马形状特别套房为特色,真的是独一无二。位于逗号前的这一部分做句子的状语，且动词Feature意为“以……为特色”,与主语this place是主动的关系,应该用现在分词。故填Featuring。
【3题详解】
考查介词。句意：La Balade des Gnomes曾经是比利时一个普通农庄,后来被它的建筑师主人Dominic Noel改建成了一个神奇的旅游景点。动词change与介词into搭配，意为“将……变成……”,符合句意。故填into。
上海市高考语法填空21篇(有答案)
(1)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a sophomore (二年级学生），I am feeling the time flies. Recalling about the past one year, so many thoughts (1) _________ (flood) in my mind. At this time, 1 just can’t tell my real idea. The memory is just like so fresh, and all (2) _________ things happened yesterday!When first day I came to University, I really feel that the school is very good, but at the first sight of the dormitory, something (3) _________ (disappoint) come up to me! The condition of the dormitory is really very poor with only one room, no lavatory! I saw something sad in my father’s eyes, maybe that time he thought of the poor condition! So with a big smile on my face, I told my father “it doesn’t matter, Dad. In this kind of condition, I will get myself (4) _________ (good)!5, My father felt better. But when he was coming back, seeing his back, I just wanted to cry! I felt in this city I was just isolated, from that time, I said to myself, you have no others (5) _________ can help you here, just depend on yourself.And then I came to my dormitory 303. I considered that I would spend four years here (in fact I moved to another one year later) and my dorm mates (6_________ (be) all there. Most of them came from Sichuan and they were chatting with a happy voice, but I can5t understand them! Again, I felt myself (7) _________ (isolate)! I hated that kind of feeling, and then I said hello to them!|To my surprise they are very friendly to me and warm-hearted! I no longer felt afraid. And I got along well with them. But at the first night here, I burst out to tears in that I was missing my family. I don’t know(8) _________ Everyday when I was at home, I was just eager to go to school,(9) _________ (experience) the wonderful college life but when coming here,I am just eager to go back! Ifs quite strange though, you (10)_________ know this kind of feeling!答案： 1， are flooding 2, the 3, disappointing 4, better 5, who 6, are 7, isolated 8, why 9, to experience 10, must!(2)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I felt in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search I found one and (1) _____ ____ my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches, they had taken those. I looked (2) _________ the bars at my jailer (看守）.He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him “Have you got a light” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. (3) _________ he came close and lit the match, his eyes inadvertently (无意地）locked with mine. At that moment^ I smiled. I don’t know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, (4) _________ you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to some. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was (5) ____ _____ a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn’t want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, (6) _________ (look) at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile.I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new impression too. Do you have kids he asked Yes, here, here. I took out my wallet and nervously looked for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes (7) _________ (fill) with tears. I said that I feared that I’d never see my family again, never have the chance to see them (8) _________ (grow) up. Tears came to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word,he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the jail, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the tow a"My life (9) _________ (save) by a smile. Yes, the smile The unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that (10) _________ that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn’t be enemies. We couldn’t have hate or envy or fear.答案： 1， Because of 2, through 3, As 4, when 5, as though6, looking 7, filled 8, grow 9, was saved 10, if~(3)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Highways turned into free parking lots; high-speed trains shuttled (穿梭）with the minimum possible intervals but still struggled to take the strain; armed police (1) _________ (be) called to help evacuate (疏散）stranded crowds--------$These are not screen shots from Hollywood film 2012 but rather a reality show (真人秀) currently taking place in China, (2) _________ billion people are on their weeklong National Day holidays.(3) _________ the holiday kicked off on Tuesday, relativelycomfortable weather across the country, toll-free (免费通行）highways, admission ticket discounts, and lower gas prices have combined (4) _________ (make) this so-called Golden Week the best time for traveling. At least that was the theory. But such miracles rarely happen (5) _________ millions of minds think alike —the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘）of crowds have been seen almost everywhere.No other description (6) _________ (allow) better visualization of the situation than the Chinglish phrase “people mountain, people sea,” as netizens re-branded Golden Week as “golden mess.” 98,000 — The number of visitors (7) _________ (receive) by the Summer Palace in Beijing on Wednesday (8) _________ crowds flocked to catch a glimpse of a giant rubber duck installed by Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman.The temporary exhibit, (9) _________ has caused quite a buzz in China, was transferred to this former royal garden and residence prior (10) _________ the Golden Week.'答案： 1， were 2， where 3, Since 4, to make 5, when6, allows 7, received 8, as 9, which 10,to(4)#Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This kind of damage is inevitable if cells exist frozen in permafrost (永久冻土层）for thousands of years and cannot make repairs, Christner said. Imagine that a microbe is in ice for (1) _________ (extend) periods of time and its DNA is progressively getting cut into pieces. There will eventually be a point (2) _________ the microbe’s DNA become s sodamaged that it's no longer a viable informational storage molecule. What is left is a corpse.The situation would seem dire for the longevity of microbes in ice. But curiously, researchers have been able (3) _________ (revive) microbes buried in ice and permafrost for hundreds of thousands to millions of years. In fact, Christner managed to revive several different types of bacteria from near (4) _________ bottom of the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghan-Tibetan plateau in Western China — ice that is 750,000 years old, from long (5) _________ the age of humans.But (6) _________ is it possible for microbes to counter expectations and survive (7) _________ such long periods when frozen The survival of microorganisms in ancient glacial ice and permafrost has typically been ascribed to their ability to persist in a dormant, metabolic ally inert state. But even this explanation (8) _________ (not account) for the background levels of ionizing radiation (9) cause damage to these microbes’ DNA, frozen (10) _________ the bottom of a glacier or not.、答案： 1，extended 2, when 3, to receive 4, the 5, before6, how 7, for 8, the 9, infecting 10, even though(5)\A simple change — switching on captions (字幕）一can make a big difference when students watch educational videos, an SF State professor has discovered. Robert Keith Collins, (1) _________ assistant professor of American Indian studies, found that students test scores and comprehension improved dramatically (2) _________ captions were used while (3) _________ (watch) videos. The tool is often utilized for students with learning disabilities, but Collins says his results showcaptions can be beneficial to all students.Collins developed the idea (4) _________ he was a member of a faculty learning committee(教师学习委员会）focused on ways to make the classroom (5) _________ (many) accessible to all students. During the first year of a two-year case study, he showed videos (6) _________ captions to establish a baseline of student comprehension. (7) _________ that baseline was established, he turned captions on and began to see improvements. Those improvements continued into the second year of the study.Not only were students talking about how much having the captions (8) _________ (help) them as they (9) _________ (take)notes，their tests cores went up, Collinssaid. During the baseline year, there were a lot of Cs. In the second years, they went from Cs, Ds and Fs to As, Bs and Cs. (10) _________ was really significant improvement.答案：~1, an 2, when 3, watching 4, while 5. more6, without 7. Once 8. doesn’t account 9. that 10. at(6)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that.best fits each blank.When people want to direct the attention of others, they naturally do so by pointing, starting from a very young age. Now, researchers (1) _________ (report) in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, on October 10 have shown that elephants spontaneously get the main idea ofhuman pointing and can use it (2) _________ a cue for finding food.That’s all the more impressive given that many great apes (3) _________ (fail) to understand pointing (4) _________ it’s done for them by human caretakers, the researchers say. By showing (5) _________ African elephants spontaneously understand human pointing, without any training to do so, we (6) _________ (show) that the ability to understand pointing is not uniquely human but has also evolved in a lineage of animal very remote from the primates, says Richard Byrne of the University of St Andrews, noting that elephants are part of an ancient African radiation of animals, including the hyrax (蹄兔）， golden mole (金驢鼠），aardvark (土膝），and manatee (海牛）.What elephants share with humans is (7) _________ they live in an elaborate and complex network in which support, empathy, and help for others are critical for survival.It may be only in (8) _________ a society that the ability to follow pointing has adaptive value, or, more generally, elephant society (9) _________ have selected for an ability to understand when otha's are trying to communicate with them, and they are thus able to work out (10) _________ pointing is about when they see it..]答案：1. reporting 2, as 3, fail 4, when 5, that6, has shown 7, that 8, such 9, may 10, What：(7)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The influence of genes outside the nucleus was known to an earlier generation of field ecologists and crop breeders, said Dan Kliebenstcin, professor in the UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences and Genome Center and senior author (1) _________ the paper published Oct. 8 in the online journal eLife. This is the first time (2) _________ the effect has been quantified (3) _________ a genomic approach, he said.Bindu Joseph, a postdoctoral researcher in Kliebenstein5s lab, and Kliebenstein studied how variation in 25,000 nuclear genes and 200 organellar genes (4) _________ (affect) the levels of thousands of individual chemicals, or metabolites, in leaf tissue from 316 individual Arabidopsis plants.They found that 80 percent of the metabolites (5) _________ (measure) were directly affected by variation in the organellar genes —about the same proportion (6) _________ were affected by variation among the much (7) _________ (large) number of nuclear genes. There were also indirect effects, (8) _________ organellar genes regulated the activity of nuclear genes that in turn affected metabolism.[At first ifs surprising, but at (9) _________ level you almost expect it, Kliebenstein said. These organelles produce energy and sugar for cells, (10) _________ they are very important.答案： 1，on 2, that 3, with 4, affected 5, measured6, that 7, larger 8, where 9, another 10, so(8)~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Earlier studies have suggested that texting while driving is on a par with (和一样） driving while intoxicated with alcohol as a significantrisk factor for highway accidents. Indeed, some research suggested that texting (1) _________ (slow) driver reaction times more than being drunk. Other studies reinforce the myth of multitasking and show that very few %) people can competently undertake two or (2) _________ (many) tasks at once. Moreover, our brains allow us (3) _________ (focus) completely only on a single task at any given time, so those people demonstrated as multitaskers are simply better at switching seamlessly between two activities. Texting (4) _________ driving is already banned in some countries, (5) _________ (include) the UK for this reason.There seems to be a mentality that use of electronic devices is dangerous (6) _________ everyone but me, the team says. While the US government has introduced a public awareness campaign (7) _________ (base) around the “” web site, the means to correct for such a risky practice as texting while driving is in dispute. The team’s study provides useful evidence (8) _________ (regard) attitudes to this issue.If further research conclusively demonstrates that texting while driving is as dangerous as driving drunk this study suggests that a promotional campaign should be undertaken to assure that this point (9) _________ (understand), the team suggests. Lantz points out that, our study, particularly our measurement of impulsiveness, is exploratory. We have been working (10) _________ (develop) that measurement and it is still a work in progress, he says.<答案：1， slows 2, more 3, to focus 4, while 5, including6, for 7, based 8, regarding 9, is understood 10, to develop，(9)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passagescoherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.New research on the reproductive habits of zebrafish offers an explanation as to why some animals5 bodies repair tissues. The research team previously (1) _________ (notice) that male zebrafish regenerate their pectoral fins (胸鳍）poorly, as (2) _________ (compare) to females. Their latest findings, (3) _________ (publish) in the October 14 issue of the Cell Press journal Developmental Cell, reveal the basis for this sex-specific regenerative deficiency: structures that are used (4) _________ (improve) reproductive success. The scenario represents an example of the tradeoffs (权衡，折衷）between reproduction and survival.(5) _________ (lead) by first author Junsu Kang, the scientists identified anatomical (解-剖的）structures (6) _________ male fish use during mating that produce a signal (7) _________ impedes regeneration of the pectoral fins after injury. As such, fish (8) _________ (appear) to trade an ancient ability to regenerate tissue easily for a new-found way of enhancing reproductive success. This valuable information could help scientists begin to explain (9) _________ humans are less able to regenerate tissue and (10) _________ also be us ed to improve the body’s tissue regenerative capacity..答案：1， noticed 2, compared 3, publishing 4, to improve 5, Led6, that/ which 7, that 8, appear 9, is understood10. to develop{Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Researchers studying young bonobos (倭黑猩猩）in an African sanctuary have discovered striking similarities (1) _________ the emotional development of the bonobos and that of children, suggesting these great apes regulate their emotions in a human-like way. This is important to human evolutionary history (2) _________ it shows the socio-emotional framework commonly applied to children works equally well for apes. Using this framework, researchers can test predictions of great ape behavior and, as in the case of this study, confirm humans and apes (3) _________ (share) many aspects of emotional functioning. Zanna Clay, PliD, and Frans de Waal, PhD, of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, conducted the study at a bonobo sanctuary near Kinshasa, (4) _________ capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The results (5) _________ (publish) in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Detailed video analysis of daily social life (6) _________ the sanctuary allowed Clay and de Waal to measure how bonobos handle their own emotions as well as (7) _________ they react to the emotions of others. They found the two were related in that bonobos that recovered quickly and easily from (8) _________ own emotional upheavals (剧变，隆起），(9)_________ (lose) a fight, showed more empathy for their fellow great(10)________ (note) those bonobos more often gave body comfort (kissing, embracing, touching) to those in distress.~答案：1， between 2, Because 3, share 4, the 5, the6, at 7, how 8, appear 9, why 10, could~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurs in the Pacific Ocean but plays an important part in the world’s climate system. Researchers have (1) _________ now been unsure as to how (2) _________ (rise) temperatures would affect ENSO in the future. But this new study suggests that droughts and floods (3) _________ (drive) by ENSO will be more intense.(4) _________ ENSO phenomenon plays a complicated role in the global weather system. The El Nino part of the equation sees a warming of the eastern and tropical Pacific, (5) _________ its cooler sister, La Nina, makes things chillier in these same regions.Like water in a bathtub, the warmer or cooler waters slosh back and forth across the Pacific Ocean. They are responsible for rainfall patterns (6) _________ Australia and the equatoria（赤道的）region, but their effects are also felt much (7) _________ (far) away. During the Northern Hemisphere winter, for example, you can get more intense rainfall over the southern part of the US in a (8) _________ (warm) El Nino phase.For years, scientists have been concerned about how this sensitive weather system (9) _________ be changed by rising temperatures from global warming. Now, in this new paper, published in the journal Nature, researchers (10) _________ (give) their most “robust” projections yet. Using the latest generation of climate models, they found a consistent projection for the future of ENSO.,答案： 1，until 2, rising 3, driven 4, The 5, while6, across 7, further 8, warmer 9, might 10, give(12)~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.People like to climb mountains on this festival, so Double Ninth Festival Ls also called “Mountain-climbing Festival”. The 9th lunar month, (1) _________ clear autumn sky and bracing air, is a good time for sightseeing. So people, both ancient (2) _________ present, love to go sightseeing this month.Apart from expelling bad luck and disasters, climbing mounting also indicates “climbing to a (3) _________ (high) position”，and it is also an important reason why ancient people pay much attention about this custom. Another reason (4) _________ climbing mountains are valued by people, especially by the elderly is that is has a meaning of “climb toa longevous life”. Also for this reason people believe that (5) _________ (climb) mountains can make people live a more longevous life.It is really (6) _________ (refresh) to climb mountains and enjoy the beauty of nature at this bright and clear time in autumn. Climbing mountains on Double Ninth Festival was already prevailing in the Tang Dynasty, and a lot of poems were devoted to this custom./Chrysanthemum (7) _________ (originate) in China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century . Chrysanthemum blossomin the ninth lunar month have a beautiful name of “flower of longevity”. The chrysanthemum flowa- wine is unique in brewing. In ancient times, people usually picked fresh chrysanthemum flowers and leaves on the 9th of the 9th lunar month, and brewed the mixture of them and grains into the wine, (8) _________ would not be drunk until the same day next year.The wine is said to have wholesome effects on sharpness of the eye, alleviation of headache, drop of hypertension, reduction of weight and removal of stomach trouble, thus (9) _________ (contribute) to longevity. It is said that the drinkers of the chrysanthemum wine would be free from evil and have strong physique (10) _________ cold weather.答案： 1， with 2, and 3, higher 4, that 5, climbing6, refreshing 7, originated 8, which 9, contributing10, against、(13)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The authors examined how discounts influence pleasure-related consumption experiences. They found that discounts generally make consumers happier. But they also found that (1) _________ (pay) a lower price for a product reduces the need to justify the expenditure, (2) _________ causes people to pay less attention during consumption, dampening enjoyment. The relative strength of these opposing forces (3) _________ (depend) on when the product is consumed after payment —right away or after a delay.The authors conducted four experiments involving real spending and consumption, (4) _________ (use) a variety of products (chocolates, music, orange juice) and different durations of consumption delay. In one of the experiments, participants (5) _________ (purchase) one of two types (6) _________ chocolate truffles (松露）at either the regular price of $1 or a discount of 50 cents. Half of (7) participants consumed the chocolate right away, and the other half waited for a week (8) _________ consuming the chocolate. Consumers enjoyed the chocolate less when theyhad to wait a week.！"'Our research provides new insight for better understanding the mixed effects of discounts on sales and loyalty, (9) _________ (offer) an explanation for why discounts may increase sales in the short run, but (10) _________ have negative long-term effects on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty,” the authors conclude.答案： 1， playing 2, which 3, depends 4, using 5, purchased 6, of , 7, the 8, before 9, offering 10, could；(14)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the study, researchers looked at a group of about 100 patients with speech and language disorders and noticed many of them were teachers. For a control, they compared them (1) _________ a group of more than 400 Alzheimer’s patients from the Mayo Clinic Study on Aging. Teachers were about times (2) _________ (many) likely to develop a speech and language disorder than Alzheimer's disease. For other occupations, there was no difference (3) _________ the speech and language disorders group and the Alzheimer^ group.(4) _________ compared to the 2008 . census, the speech and language cohorthad a higher proportion of teachers, but it was consistent with the differences (5) _________ (observe) with the Alzheimer^ dementia group.This study has important implications for early detection of progressive speech and language disorders, says Mayo Clinic neurologist, Keith Josephs, ., (6) _________ is the senior author of the study. A largecohort study (7) _________ (focus) on teachers may improve power to identify the risk factors for these disorders. "Teachers are (8) _________ daily communication,” says Dr. Josephs. “It’s a (9)_________ (demand) occupation, and teachers may be more sensitive to (10) _________ development of speech and language impairments (损伤）《答案： 1， to , 2, more 3, between 4, When 5, observed6, who 7, focusing 8, in 9, demanding 10, the^(15)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Shoppers are more likely to buy a product from a different location when a pleasant sound coming from a particular direction draws attention to the item, according to a new study in (1) _________ Journal of Consumer Research. "Suppose that you are standing in a supermarket aisle (通道)，（2) _________ (choose) between two packets of cookies, one placed nearer your right side and the other nearer your left. (3) _________ you are deciding, you hear an in-store announcement from your left, about store closing hours," write authors Hao Shen and Jaideep Sengupta. "Will this announcement, (4) _________ is quite irrelevant (5) _________ the relative merits of the two packets of cookies, influence your decision”]In the example above, most consumers would choose the cookies on the。
上海高考语法新题型 原创
语法新题型（一）In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families 1 support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won’t necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as 2 time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate 3 (decline) by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn’t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse 4 manage alone.Today, 5 (give) the job losses of the past year, 6 (few) unhappy couples will risk 7 (start) separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make8 more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do 9 they can to help each other and their communities. A book—The Unemployed Man and His Family described a family in whi ch the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.” He was always active, looking for odd jobs 10 (do).Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one 11 through the early months of unemployment. Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples12 relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthy again13 we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.1 for2 a3 had declined4 could5 given6 fewer7 starting8 it 9 whatever 10 to do 11 another 12 whose 13 that（二）People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service1 realizing they’re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send2 (target) messages.Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea 3 they’re paying for Facebook, 4 people don’t really know what 5 personal data is worth.The 6 (big) problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook you could create own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things—your city, y our photo, your friends’ names-were set, by default (默认)to 7 (share) with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its servi ce, and if people don’t share information, t hey have a “8(satisfying) experience”.Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, 9 involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the pages totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they’re online10 (connect) with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator （议员）Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission 11 (set) guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people cou ld choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning. Which is 12 I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, 13 I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t trust. That’s too high14 price to pay.1 without2 targeted3 what4 because5 their6 biggest7 be shared8 less satisfying 9 which 10 connecting 11 to set 12 why 13 but 14 a十一选十A.budgetB.influenceC.weakD.characterizedE.unstableF.expansionG.steadyH.crisisI.sufficientJ.likelyK.climateThe global economy may be entering a new phase as the year draws to a close. New data suggest some of the uncertainty that has 1 much of 2013 appears to be lifting as a new year begins, though economists are cautious （谨慎的）. Despite steady improvement, U.S. unemployment remains high, Europe’s debt 2 is far from over, and China’s economy continues to slow.As the year ends, more people are finding work in the United States, the economy is growing at the fastest pace in two years and Congress has a new 3 that effectively removes the threat of another costly government shutdown.Barring（排除）another political standoff （僵局）, small business advocate John Arensmeyer sees an improved business 4 in 2014. “Could be a better year than 2013, particularly if we don’t see the ty pe of shenanigans（诡计）we saw with the shutdown.”Across the Pacific, China's economy has slowed after decades of double-digit 5 . But even with a relatively modest outlook of seven percent growth, international economist UriDadush said China continues to exert strong economic 6 in the region. “It’s going to be somewhat slower going forward over the next year or two, but still 7 to pull a large number of countries along,” said Dadush.But while improving demand is likely to benefit countries from Cambodia to Japan, European economies remain 8 . The European Commission says growth will slow in the 18 nations that use the euro - with unemployment likely to inch higher in the new year. Despite recent banking reforms, Dadush said tough austerity（严厉的）measures in countries that received bailouts （紧急援助）continue to weigh on Europe’s economy.“Italy’s in deep trouble, and it’s going to take some years even for the Spains and the Portugals and the Irish to come out of the mess,” said Dadush.Lingering questions also remain about the international impact of the U.S. central bank’s decision to scale back monetary stimulus （刺激）. With prices of raw materials 9 to fall next year, economists say commodity-dependent countries could see their revenues fall. “That includes Brazil, but it also includes Turkey, it includes Hungary, it may include Indonesia, that is also commodity-dependent by the way,” said Dadush.In the Middle East, some of the Arab Spring countries, which remain politically 10 , are expected to experience economic difficulties in 2014. Pinfan Hong, chief of global economic monitoring at the United Nations, said, “Nevertheless, we believe some improvements are building the momentum（趋势，势头）for next year. So we expect the world economy to grow by about three percent for 2014.”C H A K FB IC J E完形填空A bill submitted to China's top legislature for deliberation （审议）aims to allow couples to have two children if either parent is an only child. The suggested 1 of the family planning policy is expected to bring China roughly 13 million more babies in five or six years, top demographers （人口统计学家）said.The new one-child policy is expected to go into 2 in some provincial regions in the first quarter of 2014, said Yang Wenzhuang of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, adding that health and family planning authorities at 3 levels are conducting risk 4 for the policy. They are still calculating the number of such couples and their situations before specific regulations are 5 by provincial peoples' congresses, the official said.The State Council argues adjustment to the policy in the face of a steadily 6 birth rate and changing demographics.The birth rate has remained 7 low and shows a tendency to fall further. The rate has 8 to between 1.5 and 1.6 since the 1990s, which means each Chinese woman of child-bearing age gives birth to 1.5 to 1.6 children on average. The working population began to drop in 2012 by 3.45 million 9 , and it is likely to fall by 8 million each year after 2023."If the current family planning policy 10 , the birth rate will continue to fall and lead to a sharp drop of the total population after reaching a peak," said Li Bin, minister in 11 of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, when briefing law makers."It is the right time to make changes. The low birth rate is stable, the working population still large and the 12 of supporting the elderly remains relatively light," she said.An increase in births is expected if the policy changes but will not seriously affect the food supply, public education, healthcare or employment, Li said. China's food safety and public service schemes are designed to meet the needs of 1.43 billion population in 2020 and 1.5 billion in 2033. 13 with the policy change, the total population will not 14 1.38 billion in 2015, Li said. Family planning must continue, since a large population remains a major obstruction to realizing comprehensive, balanced and 15 development.1. A relaxation B increase C establishment D realization2. A being B existence C force D reality3. A social B various C local D national4. A assessment B investigation C negotiation D discussion5. A proposed B approved C appreciated D estimated6. A growing B declining C remaining D leaping7. A respectively B especially C comparatively D remarkably8. A jumped B fell C changed D dropped9. A averagely B swiftly C slowly D annually10. A resists B reserves C persists D conserves11. A charge B memory C honor D name12. A money B profit C burden D benefit13. A Because C Though C But D Even14. A over B access C assume D exceed15. A substantial B sustainable C considerable D considerate。
上海高考grammar新题型-样题参考
高考样题：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
2013年One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __1__(find) that he has run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much __2__ too little.”His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Fat her, but if I can pay less, __3__not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very __4__(reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nick’s guests, __5__had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt __6__a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __7__the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thin g could n’t __8__(possible) destroy a village.”“In th e beginning, there was only __9__very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always __10__(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up to day.”1. found2. nor3. why4. reasonable5. who6. at7. for8. possibly9. a 10. thinking2012年Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __1__ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2__ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3__ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was proba bly the fact that she sat in __4__ last row.__5__ he thought he cloud escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little __6__ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids i n the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, __7__ made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” “Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t w ear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The n ew boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9__ the boy would do. Then he took __10__ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.1. wearing2. would buy3. pleased4. the5. Although6. harder7. which8. for9. if/whether 10.them.高考样题：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
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高考英语（上海）语法新题型2014年上海高考英语新题型语法填空专练及解题技巧解“语法填空”题的一般步骤：一、浏览全文把握语篇浏览全文的目的是把握其大意，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的准备，因为“语义”决定着空白处应填一个什么意思的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。
在通读全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材（语题）、中心思想、写作主线、段落大意、段落层次等。
这些有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在“填空”时进行必要的逻辑推理。
二、边读边填先易后难在通读全文，基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。
填空的过程是一个判断空白处应填词语的“语义”（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法“形式”的思维过程。
遇到一时想不起来的空，先跳过去，等检查时再仔细对付，不要用太多的时间停留在一个单词上。
三、验证复查清除难点有时间的话，进行复查是必要的。
复查的方法是：将所有答案“填进”短文并进行通读，以最后确定答案。
Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in each blank with one proper word or the proper form of the given word to make the passage coherent. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.(A)There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years 25 every new experience was important for me.I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I 26 (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days 27 (early). I had qualified for the finals of the 100 metres. Now 28 (look) around, I was determined to win.While I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I look some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal 29 (give) and I set off down the track.I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I was so exhausted that I 30 hardly breathe. As soon as I heard the result 31 (announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face.“Well done!”said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winner’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life.(B)One of the first questions young children ask is “Why?”It is human nature to want 32 (find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out “Why”by turning the question into ahypothesis (假设) for 33 experiment.34 example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying 35 . Someone tells you that 36 (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be “Do certain colours of cloth keep insects away?”Then you’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note 37 the plant had any insect damage or not.This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is “No, it is not different-coloredstrips of cloth 38 keep away insects.”Or you may find that answer is “Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow cloth.” ...... 39 you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in you own life. Keys: (A) 25. when 26. went 27. earlier 28. looking 29. was given 30. could 31. announced (B) 32. to find 33. an 34. For 35. them 36. putting 37. whether 38. that 39. WhateverDirections: Read the following passage. For some blanks, there is a word given in the brackets. Fill in each of these blanks with the proper form of the given word. Fill in the other blanks with words that are correct in structure and proper in meaning.(A)One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept 25 (walk) up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,”he wrote. “He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, 26 I’m very worried about him. Can you help?”I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer 27 , and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympatheticallyThe first two times we met, David didn’t say a word. He sat there, only 28 (look) up to look at the children’s drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon—in complete silence and without looking at me. It’s not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.Usually, he arrived 29 than agreed, took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?“Perhaps he simply needs someone 30 (share) his pain with,”I thought. “Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.”Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.“31 ’s your turn,”he said.After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to32 person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens(B)Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and 33(spend) the expected half hour recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever 34 (record) on paper. After all, isn’t accumulating memories a way of preserving the past?When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, 35 (well-equip) with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time 36 (productive), dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen….At that point, I understood that nothing I 37 (write) could ever match or replace the few。