2015年catti二级口译(交替传译)考试大纲-2016
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试
英语口译二级（交替传译）考试大纲（试行）
一、总论
全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译二级考试设口译综合能力测试和口译实务（交替传译）测试。
（一）考试目的
检验应试者的口译实践能力是否达到专业译员水平。
（二）考试基本要求
1．掌握8000个以上英语词汇。
2．了解中国和英语国家的文化背景知识。
3．胜任各种正式场合3—5分钟间隔的交替传译。
二、口译综合能力
（一）考试目的
检验应试者的听力理解及信息处理的能力。
（二）考试基本要求
1．掌握本大纲要求的英语词汇。
2．具备专业工作所需的英语听力、理解和表达能力。
三、口译实务（交替传译）
（一）考试目的
检验应试者的理解、记忆、信息处理及语言表达能力。
（二）考试基本要求
1．发音正确，吐字清晰。
2．语言规范，语流顺畅，语速适中。
3．熟练运用口译技巧，完整、准确地译出原话内容，无错译、漏译。
英语口译二级（交替传译）考试模块设置一览表
《口译综合能力》
《口译实务》（交替传译）。
《2016年11月Catti英语二级真题翻译答案》
CATTI英语笔译实务(2级)2016年11月考试真题英译中第一篇Everyone knows that weddings—the most elaborate and costly form of old school pageantry still acceptable in modern society—are stupid expensive. But it turns out Americans are now blowing even more money than ever before on what’s supposed to be the most magical day of any couple’slife together. Money that to be honest could be spent on much much cooler stuff.旧时的盛装庆典依然为今人所沿袭，而最为精致且最为昴费的仪式则莫过于婚礼。
婚礼上的开支大得令人咋舌，这是人尽皆知的事情。
但事实表明：如今的美国人则要花费比以往更多的钱来操办婚礼。
因为这一天，于一双新人夫妻而言，妙不可言。
不过，话又说回来了，这些钱本可以花在其它更酷的事情上。
The Knot released its annual wedding survey this week with findings showing that couples are spending a mind-numbing average of $32641 on matrimonial celebrations. The study includes data from nearly 18000 pairs across the country. While the cost of a wedding varied greatly from city to city—reaching a nauseating high of $82300 in Manhattan—the price was steep no matter where couples chose to get hitched. All this despite the fact that weddings (and marriages in general honestly) can be a fairly impractical thing to invest in. Seriously even 50 Cent doesn’t spend asmuch in a day as you’re spending on a reception band alone. Think about that.本周，婚庆公司闹特发布了婚礼的年度调查，18，000对来自全国各地的夫妇参与了，调查的结果显示每对夫妇在婚礼庆祝上平均所花费的费用为32641美元，这个数字着实令人惊悚。
2016年11月二级口译（同传）题
2016年11月二级口译（同传）题第一篇：2016年11月二级口译(同传)题CATTI二级同传EC部分无稿：美国与新兴大国关系有稿：物联网安全 CE部分无稿：记者会-中国经济有稿：拉各斯中国电影节开幕式致辞各位来宾女士们、先生们，朋友们：晚上好！在这个美好的周末，“中国电影节”首次在拉各斯举办，我谨代表驻拉各斯总领馆全体同仁，向所有来宾表示最诚挚的欢迎。
电影是个光影的世界，是很好的文化载体和高品质的文化产品，已成为世界各国人民喜爱的精神食粮。
优秀的电影是各国文化精英在吸收浓缩提炼本国文化养分后艺术创造，要想了解一个国家的历史、文化、价值观，观看这个国家优秀的电影无疑是很好的选择。
大家都较熟悉好莱坞电影，但它只反映了一种文化价值观，却代表不了全球多彩的文化。
因为世界是绚丽多彩的，在漫长的人类发展过程中，各国人民创造了异彩纷呈的文明。
目前世界上有许多国家都在制作电影，中国电影、尼日利亚电影、非洲电影都是这个丰富多彩的世界里的重要一员，在这个光影世界里应该有更多反映中国、非洲独特文化特色和魅力的电影作品。
近年来。
中国电影产业发展迅猛，中国的电影人也很给力。
中国艺术家们用自己的智慧和汗水创作出大量优秀电影作品，题材涵盖中国社会方方面面，这些电影成为外国人了解中国很好的窗口。
201４年，中国全年上映电影为３８８余部。
而截至2015年12月3日，中国电影票房总收入已经达到66亿美元，中国已经成为全球第二大电影市场。
中国的电影种类繁多，不仅有大家喜爱的中国功夫片，而且还有更多反映中国悠久历史文化及当代社会发展的片子。
这次“电影节”将放映3部优秀中国电影，在选片上我们花了很多心思。
考虑到哲学思想和神话传说在塑造民族性格中所起的重要作用，我们选择了《孔子》和《西游记之大闹天宫》这两部电影，一部介绍了中国最伟大哲学家——儒家创始人孔子的生平，另一部则是中国最为家喻户晓的神话故事，相信两部电影将有助与尼民众进一步理解中国悠久的历史文化。
2015年二级笔译真题及答案汇总
CATTI英语笔译实务(2级)2015年5月考试真题与参考答案Part 1：English-Chinese TranslationPassage 1Along a rugged, wideNorth Sea beach here on a recent day, children form ed teams of eight to 10,taking their places beside mounds of sand carefull y cordoned by tape. They hadone hour for their sand castle competition. S ome built fishlike structures,complete with scales. Others spent their time on elaborate ditch and dikelabyrinths. Each castle was adorned on top wit h a white flag.近日，北海沿岸崎岖而宽广的海滩上，孩子们八人一组，十人一队，在用隔离带精心围起来的沙堆旁各就各位。
他们要在一个小时内完成堆沙堡的比赛。
有些人打造鱼形的主体建筑，再配上鳞片。
其余的人修建复杂的沟渠和迷宫式的堤坝。
每个沙堡的顶部都插有一面白旗。
Then they watched thesea invade and devour their work, seeing whose ca stle could with stand the tidelongest. The last standing flag won.然后，孩子们等待着大海涨潮，吞没沙堡，看谁的沙堡在潮水中持续的时间最久。
白旗最后倒下的沙堡获胜。
It was no ordinary dayat the beach, but a newly minted, state-sanctioned c ompetition forschoolchildren to raise awareness of the dangers of rising s ea levels in a countryof precarious geography that has provided lessons for the world about watermanagement, but that fears that its next generation will grow complacent.孩子们在海滩上度过的这一天意义非凡。
2016下半年二级口译真题及答案解析
2016下半年二级口译真题及答案解析今天英语栏目的小编给大家带来“2016下半年二级口译真题及答案解析”，以下是详细内容，希望对大家有所帮助!Part 1 English to Chinese InterpretingPassage 1The torrent of innovation and entrepreneurship sweeping China has become a new engine fueling China's economic growth, and in this process capital has played an indispensable role. People ask me about which areas will create new leaders, and therefore, attract more attentions for investors? Well, there are indeed industrial leaders in almost every visible segment. But when it comes to the new economy, newcomers always stand a chance of defeating those first arrivals. From my point of view, opportunities exist in at least three areas.创新创业的洪流席卷了中国，成为助力中国经济发展的新动力。
这一过程中资本起到了不可或缺的作用。
有人问我哪一个领域会产生新的领军者，从而吸引投资者的关注?实际上几乎每一个领域都会产生新的领袖，当谈到新经济时，后来都总有机会打败原来的统治者。
在我看来至少三个领域存在着机会。
知识点：stand a chance of：有机会。
2015年下半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题
2015年下半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.Apple may well be the only technical company on the planet that would dare compare itself to Picasso.In a class at the company's internal university, the instructor （导师）likened the 11 lithographs that make up Picasso's The Bullto the way Apple builds its smart phones and other devices. The idea is that Apple designers strive for simplicity just as Picasso eliminated details to create a great work of art. Steven P. Jobs established the Apple University as a way to inculcate employees into Apple's business culture and educate them about its history, particularly as the company grew and the technical business changed. Courses are not required, only recommended, but getting new employees to enroll is rarely a problem.Randy Nelson, who came from the animation studio Pixar,co-founded by Mr. Jobs, is one of the teachers of “Communicating at Apple.” This course，open to various levels of employees, focuses on clear communication, not just for making products intuitive, but also for sharing ideas with peers and marketing products.In a version of the class taught last year, Mr. Nelson showed a slide of The Bull, a series of 11 lithographs of a bull that Picasso created over about a month, starting in late 1945. In the early stages, the bull has a snout, shoulder shanks and hooves, but over the iterations, those details vanish. The last image is a curvy stick figure that is still unmistakably a bull.“You go through more iterations until you can sim ply deliver your message in a very concise way, and that is true to the Applebrand and everything we do,” recalled one person who took the course.In “What Makes Apple,” another course that Mr. Nelson occasionally teachers, he showed a slide of the remote control for the Google TV, said an employee who took the class last year. The remote control has 78 buttons. Then, the employee said. Mr. Nelson displayed a photo of the Apple TV remote control, a thin piece of metal with just three buttons.How did Apple's designers decide on three buttons? They started out with an idea, Mr. Nelson explained, and debated until they had just what was needed 一a button to play and pause a video, a button to select something to watch, and another to go to the main menu.The Google TV remote control serves as a counterexample. It had so many buttons, Mr. Nelson said, because the individual engineers and designers who worked on the project all got what they wanted.（分数：25.00）___________________________________________________________ _______________________________正确答案：(苹果可能是世界上唯一敢自比毕加索的科技公司。
2015catti二笔下半年英译汉
2015catti二笔下半年英译汉在2015年的全国翻译专业资格考试（CATTI）二级笔试下半年的英译汉考题中，考生需要准确翻译给定的英文文本，并保持整洁美观的排版、通顺流畅的语句以及无影响阅读体验的问题。
以下是本场考试的考题内容。
考题一：The Internet is an integral part of our lives today. It has transformed the way we communicate, work, shop, and entertain ourselves. However, with the convenience and benefits come risks and challenges. Cybersecurity is one of the major concerns in the digital age.Cybersecurity refers to the measures taken to protect computers, servers, mobile devices, electronic systems, networks, and data from unauthorized access, theft, and damage. It involves the implementation of technologies, practices, and policies to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information.In recent years, cyber attacks have become more sophisticated and prevalent. Hackers and cybercriminals constantly find new ways to exploit vulnerabilities in systems and gain unauthorized access to sensitive information. Cyber attacks can result in significant financial losses, reputational damage, and disruptions to the functioning of government agencies, businesses, and individuals.To address the growing cyber threats, governments, organizations, and individuals need to adopt a multi-layered approach to cybersecurity. Thisincludes investing in advanced security technologies, conducting regular assessments and audits of systems, implementing strong password policies, educating employees about cyber risks, and establishing incident response plans.Moreover, international cooperation is crucial in combating cybercrime. Cyber threats know no boundaries, and effective cybersecurity requires collaboration among nations. Governments need to develop mutual assistance mechanisms, share information and best practices, and coordinate efforts to investigate and prosecute cybercriminals.In conclusion, cybersecurity is of paramount importance in the digital age. It is essential to protect our computers, networks, and data from unauthorized access and attacks. By implementing robust cybersecurity measures, we can mitigate the risks and ensure the safe and secure use of the Internet.考题二：Globalization has brought about unprecedented interconnectivity and integration among nations. The exchange of goods, services, capital, and ideas has created new opportunities for economic growth and development. However, it has also posed challenges to traditional industries and workers.One of the key drivers of globalization is the rapid advancement in information and communication technologies (ICT). The Internet, mobile phones, and social media have made it easier for businesses to reach global markets and consumers to access products and services from around theworld. This has led to the emergence of global value chains, where different stages of production are located in different countries.While globalization has led to increased trade and economic prosperity, it has also resulted in job displacement and income inequality. Traditional manufacturing industries in developed countries have been outsourced to low-wage countries, leading to unemployment and wage stagnation for workers in those industries. Moreover, workers in developing countries often face poor working conditions and low wages in export-oriented industries.To address the challenges of globalization, governments and organizations need to implement policies that ensure inclusive growth and protect workers' rights. This includes investing in education and skills development, promoting entrepreneurship and innovation, and establishing social safety nets to support those affected by job displacement.Furthermore, international cooperation is necessary to address issues such as tax evasion, labor rights violations, and environmental degradation. Multilateral institutions like the World Trade Organization (WTO), International Monetary Fund (IMF), and United Nations (UN) play a crucial role in promoting fair trade, sustainable development, and social justice.In conclusion, globalization has both positive and negative impacts on nations and individuals. While it has contributed to economic growth and improved living standards, it has also posed challenges to traditional industries and workers. By implementing inclusive policies and promoting international cooperation, we can ensure that the benefits of globalization are shared by all.。
全国翻译专业资格水平考试英语口译二级(同声传译)考试大纲.doc
全国翻译专业资格水平考试英语口译二级(同声传译)考试大纲（试行）全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试英语口译二级True(True同声传译True)True考试大纲（试行）True一，考试目的True通过检验应试者的理解、即时处理信息和语言表达能力、评价其口译实践能力是还达到专业同传译员水平。
True二、考生应具备的基本条件和素质True1True、基本功扎实，熟练运用中英文两种语言。
True2True、知识面广，有比较宽泛的政治、经济、文化等背景知识。
True3True。
具备良好的心理素质和应变能力。
True三、考试基本要求True1True、准确、完整地译出源语内容。
True2True、语音正确、清晰，语调自然，语流顺畅。
True二级口译英语同声传译类考试模块设置一览表True《口译综合能力》True序号题型题量记分时间（分钟）1听力理解判断10 题20短句选项10 题20篇章选项20 题40听力综述听约600 单词英语文章后写一篇约200 词的英语综述20总计——10060 《口译实务（同声传译类）》True序号题型题量记分时间（分钟）1英汉同声传译无稿同传约8 分钟讲话（110 词左右/ 分钟）2530带稿同传约8 分钟发言252汉英同声传译无稿同传约8 分钟讲话（140 词左右/ 分钟）2530带稿同传约8 分钟发言（170 词左右/ 分钟）25总计：——10060备注：1 、无稿同传：译员无稿True2 、带稿同传：译员有稿True3 、本科目总体考试时间60 分钟，其中包括考试的准备时间。
建议考生，我们将第一时间为大家提供最新信息，敬请期待！。
2018年下半年CATTI英语二级口译实务(交替传译)真题 (1)
2018年下半年CATTI英语二级口译实务（交替传译）真题(总分：100.00，做题时间：60分钟)一、英译汉交替传译(总题数：2，分数：50.00)1.Part 1 English to Chinese InterpretingPassage 1共享经济常常有人问我什么是“共享经济”。
现在正是时候，我来和大家解释一下“共享经济”的定义，定义可以帮助人们建立更好的“共享经济”。
在这样的社会和经济系统中，人们可以分享信息和其它事物，任何组织中的所有人都可以进行商品和服务的生产、贸易和消费。
人处于共享经济的中心，这是关于人的经济。
所有参与者，包括个人、社区、组织、公司和机构都与分享经济深度融合在一起，为人类做出贡献。
在分享经济中，任何人、组织和机构都可以通过合作生产产品和服务，它让产品突破了现实意义上的边界。
3D印刷提高了效率。
社会责任感强。
在共享经济中，价值的概念并不仅仅局限于金融方面的价值，经济、环境和社会方面的价值同等重要。
分享经济中的物质和社会回报是非常丰厚的，也能够充分利用资源。
在这个体系中，每个人都可以进行创新型的活动。
在共享经济中，浪费的东西也具有价值，认为它们是放错了位置的资源。
分享经济鼓励地方、社区、各个组织和政府充分利用这些资源，将它们重新分配给需要的人们手中。
在共享经济中，技术扮演了非常重要的角色……比如，人们可以使用共享汽车而无需拥有一辆汽车并且维护汽车。
分享经济能给人和环境带来很多益处，有利于人与自然的和谐共处，能够提高人们的生活水平和环境的承载能力，帮助人们履行在环境方面的责任，避免各个组织、机构和政府承担破坏环境所带来的代价。
对于政府和社会来说，分享经济是可持续发展的经济，有利于对资源的重复利用，有利于保护环境。
在共享经济中，信息是共享的，任何个人、组织、社团都可以以各种方式获取信息，并将信息用于多种目的。
技术有利于信息的自由流动和分享。
分享经济也可以促进教育的发展，让所有人都获得自己需要的知识、技能和工具。
2016年下半年翻译专业资格英语二级《笔译综合能力》考试真题试卷
全国翻译专业资格(水平)考试英语2级笔译综合能力真题2016年度下半年Section1Vocabulary and Grammar（60pionts)This section consists of3parts.Read the directions for each part before answering the questions.Part1Vocabulary SelectionIn this part,there are20incomplete sentences.Below each sentence,there are4choices marked by letters A,B,C and D respectively.Choose the word which best completes each sentence.There is only ONE right answer.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.(20pionts)1、She______through the pages of a magazine,not really concentrating on them.A．curved B．flippedC．tumbled D．switched2、The republication of the poet's most recent work will certainly______ his national reputation.A．enhance B．enchantC．entertain D．enshrine3、It is a wonderful surprise to find out that other people perceive you as having the______you thought you were missing.A．standards B．levelsC．qualities D．grades4、Every street in that neighborhood has a different______of building boasting a combination of different angles and shapes.A．class B．flairC．style D．glamor5、Statistics convince us that in about one-third of this world today,survivalis still the leading industry;all else is______.A．logo B．luxuryC．lyric D．loss6、Maria became increasingly______,so she fled to her hometown in Austria.A．hasty B．horrifiedC．hateful D．homesick7、The nonverbal______communicated in business interactions through facial expressions and the movements of arms,legs and hands are very important.A．marks B．signalsC．labels D．hints8、In this hero of the film,you see a new image of the Chinese man,quite different from the______portrayed in popular Hollywood movies.A．example B．formalityC．stereotype D．category9、Traffic speed zones with a limit of60kilometers per hour reduce the death ______by45.6percent,with the greatest reduction in child casualties.A．sum B．quantityC．number D．toll10、This region may have as many as5million cases of AIDS in2016if the ______is not taken seriously.A．disease B．virusC．bacterium D．gene11、The protesters oppose building a high-rise in their neighborhood,stating that it will stand too close to their apartments and______the sunlight.A．obscure B．diluteC．alleviate D．lighten12、The president has got to provide a______overview of what he is trying to do throughout this explosive region of the world.A．controversial B．compellingC．consistent D．competing13、Jobs which require speed,accuracy,reliability or______can be performed far better by a robot than a human.A．insurance B．guidanceC．assistance D．endurance14、In the course of preparing his speech,he should be clearly aware of how to make effective use of statistics and examples to______one's point of view.A．blot B．blurC．bolster D．blunt15、Pessimistic procrastinators feel______and are afraid that their involvement in the task will prove this in the end.A．incompetent B．inconvenientC．inconstant D．incredible16、A simple microscope consists of a double convex lens and magnifying glass, while a______one,on the other hand,will contain more than one of these lenses.A．portable B．adaptableC．sophisticated D．movable17、Until______of the body clock has occurred,individuals suffering fromthe jet lag feel tired in the daytime and fail to sleep at night.A．amendment B．adjustmentC．assessment D．announcement18、According to CNN news,Oscar Menjivar-Herrera assaulted a girl with the help of the12-year-old boy.Police were shocked that this12-year-old has such a total lack of______.A．energy B．empathyC．endowment D．embarrassment19、The increasing popularity of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is attributed to the savings in fuel costs compared with______ internal-combustion engine vehicles.A．convenient B．competitiveC．customary D．controversial20、Early in September each year,the population of Ann Arbor,Michigan, suddenly increases by about25,000as students arrive for the new academic year.This______changes the character of the town in a number of ways.A．input B．influxC．inflation D．insertionPart2Vocabulary ReplacementThis part consists of20sentences.In each of them one word is underlined, and below each,there are4choices marked by letters A,B,C and D respectively. Choose the word that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence.There is only ONE right answer.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.(20pionts）21、Comparison and contrast are rhetorical devices often employed deliberately in advertisements.A．derivatives B．figuresC．skills D．components22、World leaders unequivocally condemned the latest terrorist attack on civilians in several countries.A．undeniably B．unmistakablyC．unbelievably D．unbearably23、The vice president tried to wave aside these considerations as inconsequential details that could be settled later.A．trivial B．arrogantC．intentional D．preliminary24、Radar is used to extend the competence of man's senses for observing his environment,especially the sense of vision.A．validity B．liabilityC．capability D．intensity25、Its success was instantaneous,though neither the host nor Mr.Pepys could quite see the joke.A．insistent B．initialC．imperceptible D．immediate26、Some of the employees of the company are just interested in getting the job done,and going home on time,and others have no sense of allegiance yet.A．contribution B．loyaltyC．urgency D．pressure27、The cloud has come to present the bright future of computing,a world where processing and storage become as ubiquitous and cheap as electricity.A．pervasive B．feasibleC．continuous D．obvious28、After the boss announced that he would move the company to Los Angeles,all the employees begrudgingly accepted the plan as they were afraid of losing their jobs.A．briskly B．purposelyC．willingly D．reluctantly29、There was no one to tell Scarlett that her own personality,frighteningly vital though it was,was more attractive than any masquerade she might adopt.A．distinction B．dissentC．dissemblance D．disagreement30、He is lucky because he has a fastidious girlfriend who always keeps the closets and the house sparklingly clean.A．picky B．reliableC．tidy D．fashionable31、They try to be assiduous and earnest and see to it that they finish their work smoothly;they never give any thought to personal fame and position.A．diligent B．insistentC．patient D．efficient32、The federal district court issued a preliminary injunction,finding thatthe law likely was unconstitutional in imposing an impermissible undue burden on a woman's right to abortion.A．inadequate B．insignificantC．inappropriate D．indefensible33、Hours after my24th birthday,my life began to change with strangely related events that make me wonder today whether they did not spring from the fictional leanings of my mind.A．invented B．coinedC．aligned D．generated34、Their sketches on Victorian manners and a Polite Victorian House are ahilarious way to introduce students to the many strictures placed upon the middle and upper classes.A．images B．structuresC．constraints D．praises35、This text is tightly structured around the main theme of researchassessment,scaffolded with a clear introduction and useful concluding summaries at the end of each chapter.A．included B．comprisedC．supported D．mixed36、This bestselling novelist shares the story of how she escaped the curses of her past to make a future of her own,and at the same time she presents a refreshing meditation on the choices,charms,freedoms,and luck that affect us all.A．contemplation B．prophecyC．mirage D．attention37、In fact,more than75percent of all major corporations report that they monitor their employees'use of E-mail and Internet access either by spot-checking or constant surveillance.A．computation B．auditC．survey D．inspection38、The controversy surrounding our English instruction dealt with the desireto protect our linguistic heritage,which may resonate with what happens in other countries.A．recur B．coincideC．harmonize D．echo39、There are two sorts of obscurity that you find in writers who have nevertaken the trouble to learn to write clearly.One is due to negligence,and the other to willfulness.A．unevenness B．capriciousnessC．fogginess D．illegibility40、John Cramer,a researcher at the University of Washington,has created two different expositions of what the big bang might have sounded like based on data from two different satellites.A．renditions B．thesesC．explanations D．inventionsPart3Error CorrectionThis part consists of20sentences.In each of them there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error,and below each,there are4choices marked by letters A,B,C and D respectively.Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected.There is only ONE right answer.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.（20pionts）41、It shall be wrong if not consider how much money you have before going abroadto study.A．would...not to consider B．will...to consider not C．shall...if not considering D．should...if not to consider 42、For the scientist,it is useful,and theoretically sound,considering the earth an object in space.A．which considers the earth B．to consider the earth asC．that considers the earth as D．the consideration of the earth43、There never so many foreign guests come to our city as today,so learning English is important.A．Foreign guests who have never B．Never so many foreign visitors haveC．The foreign guests aren't ever D．Never have so many foreign visitors44、I won't be able to see you off at the airport tomorrow,so I will wish you could travel smoothly.A．a good journey B．have a good journeyC．could have a good journey D．having a good journey45、When our coming of the Space Age,a new dimension has been added to the study of the planets in the solar system and beyond.A．By the B．To theC．Along the D．With the46、The project which will cost34million yuan designs to build more than 100homes,restaurants and retail shops around the city.A．is designed B．is designingC．will be designed D．will design47、It is against the law for car drivers to honk their horns except avoid an accident and for garbage trucks to start their rounds before6am.A．besides for avoiding B．except for avoidingC．unless to avoid D．nevertheless to avoid48、Because excessively hunting has depleted many wildlife species,preservation zones for wild animals are being established in some provinces.A．excessive hunting B．excessively being hunting C．to excessively hunting D．to have hunted excessively49、I have redone the homework.Please review it again and return it back how I can further improve it.A．feedback it to me,so I can farther improveB．return it back to me,so I can further improveC．feed me back on how I can improveD．return it back.Then I'll see how I can further improve50、The community is launching a campaign to reduce noise in the areas around apartments,many residents complain that they cannot sleep at night.A．lest many residents complain B．though many residents complain C．because many residents complain D．as many residents complain51、Marriage was one of the first non-biological factors to be identified as improving life expectancy.A．identifying B．identifiedC．being identified D．to identify52、Nathan is afraid to go swimming in the ocean.He refuses to enter the water even the sea is perfectly calm and there are no waves.A．since the sea B．even if the seaC．if the sea D．for the sea53、Though iPads and E-readers have increasingly better screen clarity,the idea that every time a person reads a book,newspaper or magazine,what they will require an energy source is frightening.A．he will require B．and he will requireC．when he will require D．that he will require54、Antique auctions have become popular in this country unless a steadily increasing awareness of the investment value of antiques.A．because of B．in spite ofC．apart from D．with regard to55、The company says the homes are far more efficient than conventional housesand use less power as much as a third.A．less power as a third B．less than a third powerC．less as a third as much power D．less than a third as much power 56、The earth's atmosphere recorded the huge decline in the population of the western hemisphere in the150years as following the arrival of Columbus from Spain in1492.A．for following B．which followingC．when following D．following57、Walk by any Starbucks within several miles of your house,the chances are that you'll see several people sitting at a table,drinking coffee and enjoying the free WiFi.A．your house where the chances are B．your house and chances are C．your house that are chances D．your house are the chances 58、Directed by Benjamin Twist,who,incidentally,is one of the names beingmentioned as a possible successor to Nowozielski,a delightfully theatrical retelling is the production of Dicken's novel.A．the production is a delightfully theatrical retellingB．a delightfully theatrical retelling of the productionC．the production of a delightfully theatrical retellingD．is the production a delightfully theatrical retelling59、All are charged with violating official secrets laws,such is an offense that carries a maximum three-year prison term and fines up to US$27,000.A．an offense B．is an offenseC．is such an offense D．an offense is such60、So the theories of the schools are different from the practice of ordinary businessthat much of which he learned in the former will have to be unlearned in the latter.A．Are the theories of the schools so differentB．Are so different the theories of the schoolsC．So different the theories of the schools areD．So different are the theories of the schoolsSection2Reading Comprehension（30pionts）In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage,each with4(A,B,C andD.choices to answer the question or complete the statement.You must choose the one which you think fits best.Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.With cloud,mobility,big data and consumerization,companies are in even greater need of technology talent than they were in the late1990s,and that talent is in even shorter puter science enrollments are at an all-time low;baby-boomer workers are retiring and taking all of that legacy—systems knowledge with them;and Silicon Valley is hot again.Would that young,brilliant developer rather join the next Zynga or upgrade the payroll systems at your insurance company?Two weeks ago,I asked the IT executive readership of my weekly newsletter, The Heller Report,to answer the question:If you had a magic wand,which one talent problem would you solve?Responses poured in and addressed challenges around recruiting,developing leaders,and retaining the talent that they currently have.But more than70percent of readers would use their magic wand to do only one thing:give business skills to their technologists. Their people,they worry,are so narrowly focused on the technology that they fail to see the forest for the trees.They do not understand the business context of their technology work,nor can they have meaningful discussions with the leaders of the business areas about their technology support.This lack of business-savvy technology talent is a serious problem for every company that relies on technology to exist(which is,of course,every company).Those beautifully"blended executives,"who can talk technology in one meeting and can talk business in another,are rare birds.Yet with technology moving directly into the revenue stream of your company,you need them,and your need is only going to increase.One option is to spend all of your time and money on recruiting blended executives from the outside.You will be in heated competition with every other company in your market,and if your recruiting function is not a competitive weapon for you,you will find yourself in a losing battle.You would be much better off growing your own.Here are some ideas: Build a rotational program.Encourage your head of human resources to work with your CIO and a few of your other business leaders to build a programthat rotates IT people into different functions of the business.This kind of program is not easy,with your CIO having to survive without a trusted IT leader for a period of time,but the long-term result of a good rotational program can be tremendous.It may well be worth the investment.Involve your business leaders.If a rotational program is too much to take on right now,build a leadership development program for IT that involves your business executives.Encourage your CIO to invite the heads of your major business units to meet regularly with the senior IT team to educate them on their business area.And be sure that you,CFO,are spending enough time with e that interaction to chip away at the long-standing wall that often exists between the business and IT.Embed your IT people in the business.By now,your CIO should have restructured the IT organization so that each major business or functional area has a dedicated IT leader.These positions are called"business relationship executives,"portfolio CIOs,or customer relationship managers, and they often report both to the CIO and to a functional or P&L leader.The more time they spend in"the business,"the more they learn skills beyond IT,and the more valuable they become to you over time.You know you are on the right track when you walk into a business unit meeting,and from the dialogue taking place,you cannot easily distinguish the IT person from everyone else.61、Companies are in greater need of technology talent NOT because of______.A．the accumulation of more dataB．the need to serve consumersC．the rising demand for cloud computationD．the development of medical industry62、______is NOT a cause for the short supply of technology talent.A．Recruitment of IT companiesB．Upgrading payroll systemsC．Retirement of experienced IT technologistsD．Recruiting fewer people in computer programs63、The main idea of Paragraph2is that______.A．profound discussion is requiredB．IT employees should be business-savvyC．technology support is expectedD．there are challenges in recruiting developers64、The target readers of the weekly newsletter in Paragraph2are______.A．IT managerial staff members B．chief developersC．skilled technicians D．recruitment administrators 65、The word"forest"underlined in Paragraph2is a metaphor that refers to______.A．engineering circles B．IT businessesC．industrial leaders D．technological projects 66、The phrase"recruiting function"underlined in Paragraph4refers to ______.A．recruitment of a particular firmB．the functionality of recruitmentC．competitive recruitment strategyD．employment of IT workers for a certain employer67、If a company doesn't have enough time and money to hire executives it needs,it should______.A．achieve long-term results B．devise a training program C．participate in heated competition D．call on all business leaders 68、A rotational program DOESN'T involve______.A．blended IT executives B．CIOC．CEO D．all business leaders69、Following Paragraph5,the passage is intended for______.A．CFO B．CIOC．P&L D．IT professionals70、The phrase"the business"underlined in Paragraph7means______.A．how to recruit IT staff membersB．how to manage and marketC．how to develop new productsD．how to contact other employeesIf there is any endeavor whose fruits should be freely available,that endeavor is surely publicly financed science.Morally,taxpayers who wish to should be able to read about it without further expense.And science advances through cross-fertilization between projects.Barriers to that exchange slow it down.There is a widespread feeling that the journal publishers who have mediated this exchange for the past century or more are becoming an impediment to it. One of the latest converts is the British government.Recently it announced that,the results of taxpayer-financed research would be available,free and online,for anyone to read and redistribute.Britain's government is not alone.Soon the European Union followed suit. In the U.S.,the National Institutes of Health(NIH,the single biggest source of civilian research funds in the world)has required open-access publishing since2008.And the Wellcome Trust,a British foundation that is the world's second-biggest charitable source of scientific money,after the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation,also insists that those who receive its support should make their work available free.Criticism of journal publishers usually boils down to two things.One is that their processes take months,when the Internet could enable them to take days.The other is that because each paper is like a mini-monopoly,which workers in the field have to read if they are to advance their own research, there is no incentive to keep the price down.The publishers thus have scientists—or,more accurately,their universities,which pay the subscriptions—in an armlock.That,combined with the fact that the raw material (manuscripts of papers)is free,leads to generous returns.In2011,Elsevier, a large Dutch publisher,made a profit of￡768million on revenues of￡2.06 billion—a margin of37percent.Indeed,Elsevier's profits are thought so egregious by many people that12,000researchers have signed up to boycott the company's journals.Publishers do provide a service.They organize peer reviews,in which papers are criticized anonymously by experts(though those experts,like the authors of papers,are seldom paid for what they do).They also sort the scientific sheep from the goats,by deciding what gets published,and where. That gives the publishers huge power.Since researchers,administrators and grant-awarding bodies all take note of which work has got through this filtering mechanism,the competition to publish in the best journals is intense, and the system becomes self-reinforcing,increasing the value of those journals still further.But not,perhaps,for much longer.Support has been swelling for open-access scientific publishing:doing it online,in a way that allows anyone to read papers free of charge.The movement started among scientists themselves, but governments are paying attention and asking whether they might also benefitfrom the change.Much remains to be worked out.Some fear the loss of the traditional journals'curation and verification of research.Even Sir Mark Walport,the director of the Wellcome Trust and a fierce advocate of open-access publication, worries that the newly liberated papers have ended up in different places rather than being consolidated in the way they want.A revolution,then,has begun.Technology permits it;researchers and politicians want it.If scientific publishers are not trembling in their boots, they should be.71、The first two paragraphs intend to indicate that______.A．taxpayers should make great efforts to exchange ideasB．publishers are regarded as a negative factor in scienceC．the government is liable to pay for research expensesD．the results of research projects are freely available to the public 72、According to Paragraph3,the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation______.A．is a very important provider of research fundingB．argues that researchers make their findings public freelyC．has a monopoly on any research results with its financial support D．follows the example set by the U.S.NIH73、According to the passage,people who are unhappy with publishers of scientific journals______.A．criticize the unfair publication of scientific articlesB．object to their slowness and the high costs of the journalsC．blame them for the slow pace of recent scientific progressD．think that journals should be abolished as an obstacle to freedom of speech74、The word"egregious"underlined in Paragraph4means______.A．somewhat unfavorable B．rather unnecessaryC．strikingly unavailable D．clearly bad75、According to Paragraph4,which of the following is true?______A．Mini-monopoly seems to advance scientific research.B．Subscription is a major source of margins for the journals.C．Publishers make great profits by keeping the price down.D．Researchers subscribe to journals to receive free manuscripts. 76、In the phrase"sort the scientific sheep from the goats"underlined in Paragraph5,the author uses a metaphorical device termed______.A．allusion B．punC．metaphor D．irony77、Before the publication of papers,peer reviews are to______.A．differentiate papers B．evaluate themC．exercise the power of publishers D．add the value of journals 78、The author mentions the concerns of Sir Mark Walport,who______.A．strongly supports current publishing arrangements and modelsB．worries about the poor quality of current scientific publication C．believes that the weaknesses of open-access journals can easily be overcomeD．is afraid that good papers in open-access journals may be neglected 79、What does the author think of the future of open-access journals?______A．Doubtful.B．Unclear.C．Foreseeable.D．Pessimistic.80、The passage intends to______.A．argue that academic journals face a radical shake-upB．illustrate that the publishing formalities need not to changeC．report that the publication of papers faces intense competition D．discuss that scientific research is shifting to free access Declining house prices,rising job layoffs,skyrocketing oil costs and amajor credit crunch have brought consumer confidence to its lowest point in five years.With a relatively long recession looking increasingly likely, many American families may be planning to tighten their belts.Interestingly,restraining our consumer spending,in the short term,may cause us to actually loosen the belts around our waists.What's the connection? The brain has a limited capacity for self-regulation,so exerting willpower in one area often leads to backsliding in others.The good news,however, is that practice increases willpower capacity,so that in the long run,buying less now may improve our ability to achieve future goals—like losing those 10pounds we gained when we weren't out shopping.The brain's store of willpower is depleted when people control their thoughts,feelings or impulses,or when they modify their behaviors in pursuit of goals.Psychologist Roy Baumeister and others have found that people who successfully accomplish one task requiring self-control are less persistent on a second,seemingly unrelated task.In one pioneering study,some people were asked to eat radishes while others received freshly baked chocolate chip cookies before trying to solve an impossible puzzle.The radish-eaters abandoned the puzzle in eight minutes on average,working less than half as long as people who got cookies or those who were excused from eating radishes.Similarly,people who were asked to circle every"e"on a page of text then showed less persistence in watching a video of an unchanging table and wall.Other activities that deplete willpower include resisting food or drink, suppressing emotional responses,restraining aggressive or sexual impulses, taking exams and trying to impress someone.Task persistence is also reduced when people are stressed or tired from exertion or lack of sleep.What limits willpower?Some have suggested that it is blood sugar,which brain cells use as their main energy source and cannot do without for even a few minutes.Most cognitive functions are unaffected by minor blood sugar fluctuations over the course of a day,but planning and self-control are sensitive to such small changes.Exerting self-control lowers blood sugar, which reduces the capacity for further self-control.People who drink a glass of lemonade between completing one task requiring self-control and beginning a second one perform equally well on both tasks,while people who drink sugarless diet lemonade make more errors on the second task than on the first. Foods that persistently elevate blood sugar,like those containing protein or complex carbohydrates,might enhance willpower for longer periods.In the short term,you should spend your limited willpower budget wisely. It can be counterproductive to work toward multiple goals at the same time if your willpower cannot cover all the efforts that are required.Concentrating your effort on one or,at most,a few goals at a time increases the odds of success.Focusing on success is important because willpower can grow in the long term.Like a muscle,willpower seems to become stronger with use.The idea of exercising willpower is seen in military boot camp,where recruits are trained to overcome one challenge after another.No one knows why willpower can grow with practice,but consistently doing any activity that requires self-control seems to increase willpower—and the ability to resist impulses and delay gratification is highly associated with。
CATTI 二级口译真题
口译交传实务1、英汉交替传译（50分）①英译汉第一篇：段落大意（回忆版）：世界银行关于中国扶贫的讲话In December, this years marks the 14th year since Deng Xiaoping’s reform and opening up.He delivered a speech at that time to emphasize its importance. Since then China started four decades of reform and opening up and becomes the 2nd largest economy in the world and transformed from a low to high income country.During the past four decades, we’ve made significant progress in different sectors.China has made great achievements in alleviating extreme poverty. How? Two reasons: 1.Reform and opening as a foundation for fast economy development 2.Focused and sustainable strategy and development-oriented policy.There are some lessons we can learn from China:1. political support from DXP and Xi jin ping made poverty alleviation one of his three decisive battles 2. Organizations, both central and local ones have designed and carried out effective policies. WBG, as a partner of China, provides solution(south west project, PLATO project). Most poverty is in rural areasChina targets the poorest and the most vulnerable, helps improve productivity and income. China built up regional projects including China Western Development and a strategy from villages to households, which have helped 17 million people get rid of extreme poverty. It’s reaching its final mile to comprehensive success.第二篇：段落大意（回忆版）：中非合作关系Africa is a land of vast resources, but owing to a history of colonization and exploitation, it has not been able to transform this natural abundance into wealth for its citizens. Today African nations are focusing on nation building, but a massive infrastructure gap-estimated at US$130-170 billion a year by the African Development Bank-is holding them back.Even after the colonial era.occupying nations never really left Africa. African countries became independent nation states, but imperialist powers continued to drain their resources.At the start of the 21st century, China, with its economic muscle fuelled by its strong industrial base, arrived in Africa with a completely different approach. It wanted to help build up the continent and it gave local governments freedom to utilize resources for themselves.China brought along its own invaluable experience of infrastructure development.It lifted millions of its people out of poverty through networks of expressways and railways that connected all parts of the country. The upgraded national infrastructure connected rural areas with industrial areas and cities. Railways contributed to the long -term growth of China and resulted in an enormous inflow of foreign investment, further boosting the national economyChina is now using its experience in developing its own domestic infrastructure to revive the ancient silk trading routes under the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). Announced in 2013, the BRI is principally an infrastructure project aimed at improving the connectivity of major industrial hubs and markets.Now China is offering to Africa the experience it has accumulated in developing infrastructure in China and abroad. Since the construction of the railway line from Tanzani a to Zambia in the 1970s, China's aim to bring more development to Africa has made significant progress.A cornerstone of recent Chinese projects is the railway line from Kenya's capital city of Nairobi to the port of Mombasa.This line became operational last year and is the country’s largest infrastructure project since its independence. The railway line isexpected to further connect South Sudan, Rwanda, Burundi, Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of Congo when it begins its expansion phase.Apart from building a ring road and a six-lane highway, Ethiopia has seen an upsurge in economic activity after China funded the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway. This line connected the land-locked country with the coast of the Red Sea and collectively, these projects have contributed towards making Ethiopia the fastest growing economy in Africa.2、汉英交替传译（50分）②汉译英第一篇：进博会首届进博会是中国为维护多边贸易体制、支持经济全球化搭建的一个公共平台，也是国际公共产品，是推动我国经济高质量发展、满足企业发展进步和人民美好生活需要的一个有效载体。