定语从句基本概念PPT课件
定语从句: 修饰名词或代词、充当定语的从句
从句的位置: 在先行词后
先行词: 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
引导词: 引导定语从句的词
引导词有哪些呢?
常见的引导词: 关系代词-- who whom whose which that 关系副词-- where when why 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从
或者说,由先行词在定语从句中是作主语、宾语、表语
还是Mr状. L语in而g定is just the boy whom I want to see. 作主、宾、表语,用I 关w系an代t 词to-s- ewehothewbhoomy. whose
which that 作状语,用关系副词 -- where when why
注意 1 介词 + which/whom
介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词 + which/whom”结构。
相当于which。 在定语从句中做主、宾,做宾语时可省略。
The number of the peothe city each year rises one million.
Where is the book that/which I saw yesterday?
He is the man who has an English book.
关系代词
3.which指物,在定语从句中做主、宾,做宾语 时可省略。
Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
This is the pen which he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,
Do you like the book whose color is yellow? the color of which / of which the color
先行词为人、在从句中作主语时,可用who that
先行词为人、在从句中作宾语时,可用......
1. The building ______ wall is white is my uncle’s house.
关系代词
1.who指人,在定语从句中做主、宾
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾,可省略
Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked with on the bus. 注意: 先行词为人时,如果在从句中做宾语,就 用whom或who;如果是在从句中作主语就只能 用who。 如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.
English.
[概念]
在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句
叫做定语从句,分为限定性和非限定性从句两
种;被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从
句必须放在先行词之后;引导定语从句的词叫
引导词。
定语从句
This is the man who helped Jack yesterday .
先行词 引导词
I work in a company which produces planes.
关系代词
5. whose指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替: The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. the door of which / of which the door
2. I know the boy ____ you are looking for.
3. Will you please lend me the book ______ you bought yesterday?
The student _____ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor. The season _______ comes after spring is summer. This is the museum _____ we visited last Saturday. I found some photos of interesting places ______ were not far away from our city. The boy with ______ John spoke is my brother. The girl ______ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to hospital.
定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句
。
Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a
developed country. There are thirty women teachers in our school. His rapid progress in English made us surprised. Our monitor is always the first to enter the room. He is reading an article about how to learn
句之间起连接作用,同时又在定语从句 中充当成分。
引导词的作用: (1) 引导定语从句 (2) 代替先行词在从句充当成分
注意
This is the man who helped Jack yesterday.
引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在
从句中作什T么h成e 份m而an定h。elped Jack yesterday.
合集下载
定语从句讲解最全课件
详细描述
定语从句可以用来描述人或物的特征 ,从而使读者更加具体地了解这个人 或物。例如,在描述一个人时,可以 使用定语从句来描述这个人的外貌、 性格、职业等特征。
利用定语从句表达作者的观点和态度
总结词
使观点和态度更加明确
详细描述
定语从句可以用来表达作者的观点和态度。通过使用定语从句,可以更加明确地表达自 己的观点和态度,同时使这种表达更加有力。例如,在写作中可以使用定语从句来表达
对某人或某事的看法或评价。
THANKS
感谢观看
根据从句在句子中的位置,定语 从句可以分为前置定语从句和后
置定语从句。
根据从句与所修饰名词或代词的 逻辑关系,定语从句可以分为限 制性定语从句和非限制性定语从
句。
02
关系代词引导的定语从句
that的用法
先行词为all, much, few, something, one, the +名词,the only +名词,the very +名词,the last等时,常用that引导定语从句。
when在从句中作时间状语,表 示动作发生的时间点或时间段
where的用法
引导定语从句,表示地点关系 先行词可以是表示地点的词,如:place, city, building等
where在从句中作地点状语,表示动作发生的地点或位置
why的用法
引导定语从句,表示原因关系 先行词是表示原因的词,如:reason, cause等
先行词被the only,the very,the same修饰时
总结词
当先行词被the only,the very,the same修饰时,定语从句通常使用that引 导。
VS
定语从句PPTPPT课件
避免歧义
在构造定语从句时,要避免产生歧义, 确保读者能够准确理解句子的含义。
06
定语从句的练习和例句
选择题练习
01
02
03
选择题练习一
The book _____ was written by Smith is very interesting.
选择题练习二
The school _____ we visited last year is very famous.
详细描述
关系副词包括when、where、why等 ,用于引导定语从句,表示时间、地 点或原因等状语成分,修饰先行词。
特殊引导词引导的定语从句
总结词
特殊引导词用于引导定语从句,表示特定的含义或限定条件 。
详细描述
特殊引导词包括as、than、but等,用于引导定语从句,表 示特定的含义或限定条件,修饰先行词。
例句分析一
The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
例句分析二
The teacher (who/that) is very popular among students is from the United States.
选择题练习三
The person _____ you talked about just now is our teacher.
填空题练习
填空题练习一
The book _____ was written by the famous author is very popular.
填空题练习二
The school _____ has a beautiful campus is very popular.
在构造定语从句时,要避免产生歧义, 确保读者能够准确理解句子的含义。
06
定语从句的练习和例句
选择题练习
01
02
03
选择题练习一
The book _____ was written by Smith is very interesting.
选择题练习二
The school _____ we visited last year is very famous.
详细描述
关系副词包括when、where、why等 ,用于引导定语从句,表示时间、地 点或原因等状语成分,修饰先行词。
特殊引导词引导的定语从句
总结词
特殊引导词用于引导定语从句,表示特定的含义或限定条件 。
详细描述
特殊引导词包括as、than、but等,用于引导定语从句,表 示特定的含义或限定条件,修饰先行词。
例句分析一
The book (that/which) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
例句分析二
The teacher (who/that) is very popular among students is from the United States.
选择题练习三
The person _____ you talked about just now is our teacher.
填空题练习
填空题练习一
The book _____ was written by the famous author is very popular.
填空题练习二
The school _____ has a beautiful campus is very popular.
定语从句课件ppt
Correct the mistakes
1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many
of —th—em— come from class two. whom 2. My mother has a good book,
w—h—ic—h cover looks terrible. whose
关系词 先行词
关 that
人或物
系 which
物
代 词
who
人
whom
人
whose 人或物
在从句中充当的成 分 主语,宾语,表语
主语,宾语
主语,宾语,表语
宾语
定语
前看先行是人或物,后看从句有无宾主。
先行指物用that/which, 先行指人用whom/who. whose通常作定语”….的”,人,物两者都兼顾。 物作先行that/which,人作先行that/whom/who。
covered with trees flows to the sea
Whose 的使用
In this class there are 20 students, ______ are different.
A.whose backgrounds B. The backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds W hDo.tshe+bna.c可kg以ro用unds of whose the+n.+of+whom/which替代
A plane is a machine the machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
定语从句PPTPPT课件
注意不定代词的用法
不定代词在句中作主语、宾语或表语 ,需要根据其在句中的位置和作用来 确定其意义。
先行词被the only,the very等修饰时选择技巧
确定引导词
01
当先行词被the only,the very等修饰时,定语从句通常由that
引导,而不是which。
注意修饰语的强调作用
02
the only,the very等修饰语在句中起强调作用,需要特别注意
07
总结回顾与拓展延伸
关键知识点总结回顾
定义与功能
定语从句是对名词或代 词进行修饰、限定的从 句,起到进一步说明、
描述的作用。
引导词种类
关系代词(如who, which, that等)和关系 副词(如when, where, why等)引导定语从句
。
从句位置
定语从句通常位于被修 饰词之后,但有时也可 位于句首,起到强调作
who/whom引导指人非限制性定语从句
要点一
先行词为人时,引导词用who或 whom,在从句中作主语…
The man who/whom you met yesterday is my uncle. (你昨天见到的那个人是我叔叔。)
要点二
非限制性定语从句中,who可以 代替whom,但whom…
My sister, who is a doctor, lives in Beijing.(我姐姐是 北京的一名医生。)
其所强调的内容。
分析主从句的逻辑关系
03
主句和从句之间需要存在逻辑上的联系,从句需要对主句中的
先行词进行进一步的解释或说明。
06
实战演练与错误纠正
典型例题解析
例题1
定语从句课件PPT
详细描述:练习题三是一道综合性较强的题 目,涵盖了定语从句的多个知识点。这道题 目不仅要求学生熟练掌握定语从句的规则, 还需要具备一定的逻辑推理能力。通过这道 题目,学生可以检验自己对定语从句的掌握 程度,发现并纠正自身的语法错误,进一步
提高语言表达能力。
THANKS
感谢观看
关系代词在定语从句中起 到指代先行词的作用,常 用的关系代词有that、 which、who、whose等 。
关系副词
关系副词在定语从句中起 到连接主句和从句的作用 ,常用的关系副词有 when、where、why等。
定语从句的结构
结构
定语从句通常紧跟在所修饰的名 词或代词之后,由关系代词或关 系副词引导,构成主语、谓语、
总结词:表示地点
详细描述:where在定语从句中用作地点状语,修饰表示地点的名词。它指代先 行词并在从句中充当地点状语,用以描述某个特定的地点或场所。
when的用法
总结词:表示时间
详细描述:when在定语从句中用作时间状语,修饰表示时间的名词。它指代先行词并在从句中充当时间状语,用以描述某个 特定的时间点或时间段。
当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 例如:She is not the girl that she used to be.
只能用which的情况
在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which指代物。例如
He has written a letter, which I received three days ago.
02
关系代词的用法
who的用法
总结词
用于指代人
详细描述
在定语从句中,who通常用于指代人,在从句中充当主语或宾语。例如: “The man who won the prize is a scientist.”(获奖的人是一位科学家。)
定语从句详解经典ppt课件
分解
The woman is a teacher.
They wanted to visit the woman.
作宾语
经 营 者 提 供 商品或 者服务 有欺诈 行为的 ,应当 按照消 费者的 要求增 加赔偿 其受到 的损失 ,增加 赔偿的 金额为 消费者 购买商 品的价 款或接 受服务 的费用
③ that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语. 可省略
• 1. This is the place where I was born. • This is the place____ I like. • 2. I remember the day when I first met
him. • This is the day ___ I remember deeply. • 3. Can you tell me the reason why you
经 营 者 提 供 商品或 者服务 有欺诈 行为的 ,应当 按照消 费者的 要求增 加赔偿 其受到 的损失 ,增加 赔偿的 金额为 消费者 购买商 品的价 款或接 受服务 的费用
② whom 作定语从句的宾语
The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
when
• when可用in/on/at/during +which 代替
1.I still remember the day. 2.I first met him on wthheicdhay.
I still remember the day ownhwenhich I first met him.
anything, little, much等不定代词作先行 词时
经 营 者 提 供 商品或 者服务 有欺诈 行为的 ,应当 按照消 费者的 要求增 加赔偿 其受到 的损失 ,增加 赔偿的 金额为 消费者 购买商 品的价 款或接 受服务 的费用
高中定语从句课件PPT(条理清晰)
关系词: 用来引导定语从句,为避免先行词的重复出现用来代替先 行词的词。分关系代词和关系副词。
常见关系词:that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, as
先行词与关系词的联系
• 1)"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关 系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说, 关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从 句中来起作用。例如:
二:先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,例如:
This is the most impressive TV theater that has never been put on show before. 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。
That is the only way that leads to your success . 那是通向你成功的唯一之路。
Do you know the man whom you just spoke to? 错误:I have no idea about the man whom wrote the article.
• 关系代词whose :用于代替"表示人或物意义"的 先行词,在从句中作定语,往往与它所修饰的名 词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分。 Whose常表达"某人的、某物的"之意。例如:
• 2)“先行词”的意义决定“关系词”的选择“关 系词”的选择往往是由“先行词”自身表达的意 义,以及它在从句中的语法功能而决定的。例如:
• Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.
常见关系词:that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, as
先行词与关系词的联系
• 1)"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关 系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。也就是说, 关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从 句中来起作用。例如:
二:先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,例如:
This is the most impressive TV theater that has never been put on show before. 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。
That is the only way that leads to your success . 那是通向你成功的唯一之路。
Do you know the man whom you just spoke to? 错误:I have no idea about the man whom wrote the article.
• 关系代词whose :用于代替"表示人或物意义"的 先行词,在从句中作定语,往往与它所修饰的名 词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分。 Whose常表达"某人的、某物的"之意。例如:
• 2)“先行词”的意义决定“关系词”的选择“关 系词”的选择往往是由“先行词”自身表达的意 义,以及它在从句中的语法功能而决定的。例如:
• Some people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.
初中英语定语从句-课件(共29张ppt)
Tell me the reason why you were sleeping in class. =Tell me the reason for which you were sleeping in class.
关系副词和先行词的关系
I still remember the day when I came here. on the day =when
关系副词实际上是介词+先行词
几种易混的情况
1.I’ll never forget the days__w_h_e_n__/i_n_w__h_ic_h_ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ___w__h_ic_h____ we spent together.
4)若主句中有疑问代词 who, which 为了 避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who, which.
只能用which(表示物)的情况
1. 介词后面 The room in which there was a lot of money was broken into last night.
2. 非限制性定语从句
as 引导的限制性定语从句
Please complete the following sentences and compare:
This is such an interesting book _a_s__ we all like. This is so interesting a book ___a_s_ we all like.
3.关系副词when, where, why
as 1. the same…as
2. such+n.+ as
关系副词和先行词的关系
I still remember the day when I came here. on the day =when
关系副词实际上是介词+先行词
几种易混的情况
1.I’ll never forget the days__w_h_e_n__/i_n_w__h_ic_h_ we worked together.
2.I’ll never forget the days ___w__h_ic_h____ we spent together.
4)若主句中有疑问代词 who, which 为了 避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who, which.
只能用which(表示物)的情况
1. 介词后面 The room in which there was a lot of money was broken into last night.
2. 非限制性定语从句
as 引导的限制性定语从句
Please complete the following sentences and compare:
This is such an interesting book _a_s__ we all like. This is so interesting a book ___a_s_ we all like.
3.关系副词when, where, why
as 1. the same…as
2. such+n.+ as
定语从句ppt课件
例子
The girl who is singing is my sister.(正在唱歌的那个女孩是我妹 妹。)
非限制性定语从句
01
02
03
定义
非限制性定语从句是对先 行词进行补充说明的,即 使去掉也不会影响句子的 完整性。
形式
通常由逗号隔开,引导词 有which、who、whom 、whose等。
从句部分
描述先行词的特征或属性的句子,可以是陈述句 、疑问句等。
02
关系代词引导的定语从 句
that的用法
先行词是人或物 指人或物在某一方面具有特定的性质或特征
在从句中作主语或宾语
which的用法
01
02
03
先行词是人或物
指人或物在某一方面具有特定 的性质或特征
在从句中作主语或宾语
04
可以省略
关系副词的省略
总结词
当定语从句的关系副词在从句中担任状语时,可以省略。
详细描述
关系副词通常可以省略,尤其是在一些常用的表达方式中,如"the reason why…", "the way in which…"。例如 在句子"The reason (why/for which) he didn't come to school is unknown."中,"why/for which"引导的定 语从句省略了关系副词"why/for which"。
whose的用法
先行词是人或物 在从句中作定语
指人或物的所属关系 可以省略
03
关系副词引导的定语从 句
when的用法
总结词:表示时间
详细描述:when在定语从句中作时间状语,引导定语从句修饰表示时间 的先行词。
The girl who is singing is my sister.(正在唱歌的那个女孩是我妹 妹。)
非限制性定语从句
01
02
03
定义
非限制性定语从句是对先 行词进行补充说明的,即 使去掉也不会影响句子的 完整性。
形式
通常由逗号隔开,引导词 有which、who、whom 、whose等。
从句部分
描述先行词的特征或属性的句子,可以是陈述句 、疑问句等。
02
关系代词引导的定语从 句
that的用法
先行词是人或物 指人或物在某一方面具有特定的性质或特征
在从句中作主语或宾语
which的用法
01
02
03
先行词是人或物
指人或物在某一方面具有特定 的性质或特征
在从句中作主语或宾语
04
可以省略
关系副词的省略
总结词
当定语从句的关系副词在从句中担任状语时,可以省略。
详细描述
关系副词通常可以省略,尤其是在一些常用的表达方式中,如"the reason why…", "the way in which…"。例如 在句子"The reason (why/for which) he didn't come to school is unknown."中,"why/for which"引导的定 语从句省略了关系副词"why/for which"。
whose的用法
先行词是人或物 在从句中作定语
指人或物的所属关系 可以省略
03
关系副词引导的定语从 句
when的用法
总结词:表示时间
详细描述:when在定语从句中作时间状语,引导定语从句修饰表示时间 的先行词。
定语从句PPTPPT课件
will give us a talk.
The teacher (whom) we met yesterday
(宾语) The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (who) everyone likes is kind.
The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.
空白演示经典风格
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例) 例: The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk.
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
I wrote with it just now.
Can you find the pen with which
I wrote just now?
Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?
Can you find the pen?
添加标题
The boy who is clever is Tom
添加标题
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
(主语)
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at …
The teacher (whom) we met yesterday
(宾语) The man is kind. Everyone likes him.
The man (who) everyone likes is kind.
The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.
空白演示经典风格
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例) 例: The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk.
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
添加标题
I wrote with it just now.
Can you find the pen with which
I wrote just now?
Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?
Can you find the pen?
添加标题
The boy who is clever is Tom
添加标题
The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.
(主语)
The boy who is smiling is Tom.
The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.
注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at …
