英语语音基础知识

英语语音基础知识

要想说好英语语音，就要有英语语音的一些

基本知识。以下内容供你参考。

1．关于语音的几个概念 2. 元音：

3. 容易混淆的元音

4. 辅音

5. 容易混淆的辅音

6. 读音规则

7. 特殊读音8. 重音

9.意群的划分10.句子的语调

1．关于语音的几个概念

1)字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,

2)音标:词的语音形式。

3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。

4)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。一个元音，

或一个元音和一个或几个辅音音素结合称

为音节。[m, n, l, N]和辅音音素结合，也可

以构成一个音节。如：/ `lisn / ---listen

ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand

5)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；

是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。单元音（12）：/ i: / i / e / ?/ Λ / a: / ? / ?: / u / u: / ?:

/ ? /

双元音（8）：/ ei / ai/ ?i / i?/ u?/ε?/ ?u / au /

6)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻

碍；不是音节的重要组成部分，英语中有

28个辅音。

按发音方法为：

爆破音：/ p / b / t / d / k / g /鼻音：/ m / n / N /

摩擦音：/f / v / e / θ/ s / z / ? /?/ r / h / w / j /

破擦音：/? / ?// ts / dz / tr / dr /

旁流音：/ l /

按声带震动与否为：

清音：/ p / t / k / f / θ/ h / s / ?/ ?/

浊音：/ b / d / g / m / n /?/ v / e / z / ?/

/ ?/ r / w / j / l /

7)开音节：

a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;

b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi

8)闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit,

hot, cup;

b)元音+辅音it

9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。

2. 元音：

1)[i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling

2)[i] sit, build, miss, myth

3)[e] bed, desk, head,

4)[?] bad, land, bank, stamp

5)[a:] car, fast, class, plant,calm, aun t

6)[?] hot, want

7)[?:] door, more, sport, ball, warm,

author, court, bought, caught

8)[u:] good, who, blue, soup,

9)[u ] look, put, women, could

10）[Λ] cup, come, blood, rough

11)[?:] girl, work, serve, nurse

12)[?] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar,

doctor, famous, Saturday

13)[ei] cake, they, play, eight, great,

14)[ai] bike, die, neither, light,

try, find, eye

15)[?u] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow

16)[au] house, town

17)[?i] boy, oil

18)[i?] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,

19)[ε?] pear, care, there, fair

20)[u?] tour, poor,

3. 容易混淆的元音

1)[e] [?] bed bad; men, man;

pen, pan; lend land

2)[i:][ei] real rail; greet, great;

mean, main; read raid 3)[e][ai] bet bite; red write;

said side, head, hide 4)[au][?:] house horse; loud lord;

south sauce; now nor;

count corn; cloud clause

5)[au] [Λ] found fond; gown gone; down don

4. 辅音

1)[p] pen, pencil , point, pupil, people

2)[b] bed, comb, bread, bring, broke, buy

3)[t] tell, tea , team , teacher, tennis

4)[d] day, played, wanted, desk, duck, do

5)[k]cold, sky,quick, school, back, accept,

6)[g] big, go, guess, language, glass,grass

7)[m] man, many, more, monkey, money, ma y

8)[n] nine, knife, autumn, nice, not, nose

9)[η] bank, English, sing, thing, think

10)[l] land,world, lots,leaf, lovely,liste

n

11)[r] read, write, red, repeat, wrong,ring