LTC2911：电源监视器
ADI能量监视器LTC2946,规定在商用、工业、汽车及军用温度范围内工作
ADI 能量监视器LTC2946，规定在商用、工业、汽
车及军用温度范围内工作
ADI 高压侧或低压侧采样的电荷、功率和能量监视器LTC2946，用于0V 至100V DC 电源轨范围。
集成±0.4%准确度的12 位ADC 和精确的外部时基（晶体或时钟）可实现优于±0.6%的电流和电荷测量准确度、以及±1%的功率和能量测量准确度。
在没有外部时基时，准确度为±5%的内部时基可以取而代之。
所有数字读数（包括电压、电流和功率的最小值和最大值）都存储在可通过I2C/SMBus 接口访问的寄存器中。
当测量值超过可配置的报警门限时，会发出一个警报信号，从而减轻了主机轮询数据的
负担。
LTC2946 允许对所有必要的参数进行访问，以准确地评估及管理电路板级能耗。
此外，其宽工作范围使该器件非常适合在刀片式服务器、电信、
太阳能和工业设备、以及Advanced Mezzanine Card （AMC）中监视电路板能耗。
LTC2946 可用 2.7V 至5V 电源直接供电、通过内部线性稳压器用4V 至100V 电源供电、或者通过内部并联稳压器用超过100V 的电源供电。
3 个通用输入/ 输出（GPIO）引脚中有两个可配置为累加器使能和报警输出。
内部ADC 可以连续扫描模式或瞬像模式工作。
在停机模式时，该器件的电流消耗从900µA降至15µA。
LTC2901-3IGN资料
123452901fb2.5V Threshold Voltage vs Temperature1.8V Threshold Voltage vs Temperature1.5V Threshold Voltage vs TemperatureADJ Threshold Voltage vs Temperature–ADJ Threshold Voltage vs TemperatureTEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T 25 (V )2.37502.36752.36002.35252.34502.33752.33002.32252.31502.30752.3000–2020402901 G04–4006080100TEMPERATURE (°C)–601.655T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T 18 (V )1.6651.6751.6851.695–2020601002901 G051.7051.7101.6601.6701.6801.6901.700–4004080TEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T 15 (V )1.4251.4201.4151.4101.4051.4001.3951.3901.3851.380–2020402901 G06–4006080100TEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T A (V )0.5080.5060.5040.5020.5000.4980.4960.4940.492–2020402901 G07–4006080100TEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T A N (V )0.0180.0120.0060–0.006–0.012–0.018–2020402901 G08–4006080100TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICSU W5V Threshold Voltage vs Temperature3.3V Threshold Voltage vs Temperature3V Threshold Voltage vs TemperatureTEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T 50 (V )4.6754.7004.7504.7250401002901 G014.6504.6254.600–40–20206080TEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T 33 (V )3.1353.1253.1153.1053.0953.0853.0753.0653.0553.0453.035–2020402901 G02–4006080100TEMPERATURE (°C)–60T H R E S H O L D V O L T A G E , V R T 30 (V )2.8502.8402.8302.8202.8102.8002.7902.7802.7702.760–2020402901 G03–4006080100TEMPERATURE (°C)–60V R E F (V )1.2281.2221.2161.2101.2041.1981.192–2020402901 G23–4006080100V REF vs Temperature)6782901fbU U UPI FU CTIO SCOMP3 (Pin 1): Comparator Output 3. Nondelayed, active high logic output with weak pull-up to V2. Pulls high when V3 is above reset threshold. May be pulled greater than V2using external pull-up.COMP1 (Pin 2): Comparator Output 1. Nondelayed, active high logic output with weak pull-up to V2. Pulls high when V1 is above reset threshold. May be pulled greater than V2using external pull-up.V3 (Pin 3): Voltage Input 3. Select from 2.5V, 1.8V, 1.5V or ADJ. See Table 1 for details.V1 (Pin 4): Voltage Input 1. Select from 5V or 3.3V. See Table 1 for details. The greater of (V1, V2) is also V CC for the device. Bypass this pin to ground with a 0.1μF (or greater) capacitor.CRT (Pin 5): Reset Delay Time Programming Pin. Attach an external capacitor (C RT ) to GND to set a reset delay time of 4.6ms/nF. Leaving the pin open generates a minimum delay of approximately 50μs. A 47nF capacitor will gener-ate a 216ms reset delay time.RST (Pin 6): Reset Logic Output. Active low with weak pull-up to V2 (LTC2901-1/LTC2901-3) or active pull-up to V2 (LTC2901-2/LTC2901-4). Pulls low when any voltage input is below the reset threshold and held low for the programmed delay time after all voltage inputs are above threshold. May be pulled above V2 using an external pull-up (LTC2901-1/LTC2901-3 only).WDO (Pin 7): LTC2901-1/LTC2901-2 Watchdog Output.Active low logic output with weak pull-up to V2. May be pulled greater than V2 using external pull-up. The watch-dog output pulls low if the watchdog timer is allowed to time out and remains low until set high by the next WDI transistion or anytime RST is low. The watchdog timer is enabled when RST is high.T0L (Pin 7): LTC2901-3/LTC2901-4 Digital Input for Sup-ply Tolerance Selection (5% or 10%). A logic low selects 5% thresholds; a logic high selects 10% thresholds.WDI (Pin 8): Watchdog Input. A logic input whose rising or falling edge must occur on this pin (while RST is high)within the selected watchdog time-out period, prohibiting a high-to-low transition on the WDO pin (LTC2901-1/LTC2901-2). The watchdog time-out period is set by the value of the capacitor that is attached to the CWT pin.A rising or falling edge on the WDI pin clears the voltage on the C WT capacitor, preventing WDO from going low.When disabling the watchdog function, tie CWT to GND.For the LTC2901-3/LTC2901-4, a watchdog time-out due to a missed WDI edge issues an RST pulse on the RST pin (the WDO function is merged into the RST function).CWT (Pin 9): Watchdog Time-Out Programming Pin.Attach a capacitor (C WT ) between CWT and GND to set a watchdog time-out period of 20ms/nF. Leaving the pin open generates a minimum time-out of approximately 200μs. A 47nF capacitor will generate a 940ms watchdog time-out period.GND (Pin 10): Ground.V PG (Pin 11): Voltage Threshold Combination Select In-put. Connect to an external 1% resistive divider between V REF and GND to select 1 of 16 combinations of preset and/or ±adjustable voltage thresholds (see Table 1). Do not add capacitance on the V PG pin.V REF (Pin 12): Buffered Reference Voltage. A 1.210V nominal reference used for programming voltage (V PG )and for the offset of negative adjustable applications. The buffered reference can source and sink up to 1mA. The reference can drive a bypass capacitor of up to 1000pF without oscillation.V4 (Pin 13): Voltage Input 4. Select from 1.8V, 1.5V, ADJ or –ADJ. See Table 1 for details.V2 (Pin 14): Voltage Input 2. Select from 3.3V, 3V or 2.5V.See Table 1 for details. The greater of (V1, V2) is also V CC for device. Bypass this pin to ground with a 0.1μF (or greater) capacitor. All logic outputs (COMP1, COMP2,COMP3, COMP4, RST, WDO) are weakly pulled up to V2(LTC2901-1/LTC2901-3). RST is actively pulled up to V2in the LTC2901-2/LTC2901-4.COMP4 (Pin 15): Comparator Output 4. Nondelayed,active high logic output with weak pull-up to V2. Pulls high when V4 is above reset threshold. May be pulled greater than V2 using external pull-up.COMP2 (Pin 16): Comparator Output 2. Nondelayed,active high logic output with weak pull-up to V2. Pulls high when V2 is above reset threshold. May be pulled greater than V2 using external pull-up.9101112132901fbPull-Up Current vs V2 curve). Output rise time (10% to 90%) is estimated using:t RISE ≈ 2.2 • R PU • C LOADwhere R PU is the on-resistance of the pull-up transistor.The on-resistance as a function of the V2 voltage at room temperature is estimated using:R V PU =Ω610215•–with V2 = 3.3V, R PU is about 260k. Using 150pF for load capacitance, the rise time is 86μs. If the output needs to pull up faster and/or to a higher voltage, a smaller external pull-up resistor may be used. Using a 10k pull-up resistor, the rise time is reduced to 3.3μs for a 150pF load capacitance.The LTC2901-2 has an active pull-up to V2 on the RST output. The typical performance curve (RST Pull-Up Cur-rent vs V2 curve) demonstrates that the pull-up current is somewhat linear versus the V2 voltage and R PU is esti-mated to be approximately 625Ω. A 150pF load capaci-tance makes the rise time about 206ns.Watchdog TimerThe watchdog circuit typically monitors a μP’s activity. The μP is required to change the logic state of the WDI pin on a periodic basis in order to clear the watchdog timer and prevent the WDO pin (LTC2901-1/LTC2901-2) from going low. Whenever RST is low, the watchdog timer is cleared and WDO is set high. The watchdog timer is started when RST pulls high. Subsequent edges received on the WDI pin will clear the watchdog timer. The timer will continue to run until the watchdog timer times out. Once the watchdog timer times out, internal circuitry will bring the WDO pin low. WDO will remain low and the watchdog timer will remain cleared until the next edge is received on the WDI pin or until RST goes low.In the LTC2901-3/LTC2901-4, there is no WDO pin. Instead,the RST pin is pulled low for the programmed reset time-out period whenever a WDI edge is missed. In this manner,a full system reset can be issued after a watchdog failure.To disable the watchdog timer, simply ground the CWT pin (Pin 9). With CWT held at ground, any reset event will forceWDO high indefinitely. It is safe to leave the WDI pin (Pin 8) unconnected because the weak internal pull-up (10μA typ) will pull WDI high. Tying WDI to V1 or ground is also allowed, but grounding the WDI pin will force the pull-up current to be drawn continuously.Selecting the Reset Timing CapacitorThe reset time-out period is adjustable in order to accom-modate a variety of microprocessor applications. The reset time-out period, t RST , is adjusted by connecting a capacitor, C RT , between the CRT pin and ground. The value of this capacitor is determined by:C RT = t RST • 217 • 10–9with C RT in Farads and t RST in seconds. The C RT value per millisecond of delay can also be expressed as C RT /ms =217 (pF/ms).Leaving the CRT pin unconnected will generate a mini-mum reset time-out of approximately 50μs. Maximum reset time-out is limited by the largest available low leakage capacitor. The accuracy of the time-out period will be affected by capacitor leakage (the nominal charging current is 2μA) and capacitor tolerance. A low leakage ceramic capacitor is recommended.Selecting the Watchdog Timing CapacitorThe watchdog time-out period is adjustable and can be optimized for software execution. The watchdog time-out period, t WD , is adjusted by connecting a capacitor, C WT ,between the CWT pin and ground. Given a specified watchdog time-out period, the capacitor is determined by:C WT = t WD • 50 • 10–9with C WT in Farads and t WD in seconds. The C WT value per millisecond of delay can also be expressed as C WT /ms =50 (pF/ms).Leaving the CWT pin unconnected will generate a mini-mum watchdog time-out of approximately 200μs. Maxi-mum time-out is limited by the largest available low leakage capacitor. The accuracy of the time-out period will be affected by capacitor leakage (the nominal charging current is 2μA) and capacitor tolerance. A low leakage ceramic capacitor is recommended.APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIOW UUU14Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no represen-tation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.1516LT 0807 REV B • PRINTED IN USA© LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORA TION 2002Linear Technology Corporation1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● 。
LTC2941 LTC2942 电池气体计测试电路说明书
DC1496A-A1dc1496fD ESCRIPTION Battery Gas Gauge with I 2C Interface [and 14-Bit ADC(DC1496A-B)]Demonstration circuit 1496A-A (Figure 1) features the L TC ®2941. Demonstration circuit 1496A-B features the L TC2942. Both devices measure battery charge state in handheld PC and portable product applications. The operating range is perfectly suited for single cell Li-Ion batteries. A precision analog coulomb counter integrates current through a sense resistor between the battery’s positive terminal and the load or charger . The L TC2942 adds battery voltage and on-chip temperature measurement with an internal 14-bit No Latency ΔΣ™ ADC. The three measured quantities (charge, voltage and temperature) are stored in internal registers accessible via the onboard SMBus/I 2C interface.The L TC2941 has programmable high and low thresholds for accumulated charge. The L TC2942 has programmable high and low thresholds for all three measured quantities. If a programmed threshold is exceeded, the device reports an alert using either the SMBus alert protocol or by setting a fl ag in the internal status register .L , L T , L TC, L TM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks and No Latency ΔΣ is a trademark of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.The L TC2941 and L TC2942 require only a single low value sense resistor to set the measured current range. The default value assembled on the DC1496 is 100mΩ for a maximum current measurement of 500mA. Both parts have a software-confi gurable charge complete/alert pin. When the pin is set for charge complete, a jumper con-nects the pushbutton which simulates a logic high input to indicate a full battery. When the pin is confi gured for alert, the same jumper is used to connect a red LED that indicates an alert is present.The DC1496A-A/B is a part of the QuikEval system for quick evaluation with a host controller through a PC.Design fi les for this circuit board are available at http://www.linear.com/demo.Figure 1. DC1496A-A/B2dc1496fDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/B QUICK START PROCEDUREDemonstration circuit 1496A is easy to set up to evaluate the performance of the L TC2941/L TC2942. Refer to Figure 2 for proper measurement equipment setup and follow the procedure below.1. C onnect a 1-cell Li-I on battery across V_BAT and GND.2. Connect a load across V_CHRG/LD and GND for battery discharge measurement. Up to 500mA supplied from the battery can be measured with the board default 100mΩ sense resistor . Use SENSE + and SENSE – test points to read voltage across the sense resistor .3. Connect a 2.7V to 5.5V battery charger supply across V_CHRG/LD and GND. Up to 500mA supplied to the battery can be measured with the board default 100mΩ sense resistor . Use SENSE + and SENSE – test points to read voltage across the sense resistor .4. Connect a DC590 to 14-pin connector J1 for evaluation with QuikEval, or connect a host controller I 2C bus to the SDA, SCL and GND test turrets.5. Set JP1 to QuikEval if a DC590 is present. Otherwise set JP1 to Bat/Chrg for bus pull-up to the battery, or fl oat JP1 and supply a bus pull-up voltage to VP .6. Read and write to the L TC2941/L TC2942 through I 2C.7. Through I 2C, configure the AL /CC pin. Set JP2 accordingly.8 f AL /CC is set for charge complete, use pushbutton switch S1 to simulate a logic high from a controller to indicate a fully charged battery.Figure 2. DC1496A-A/B Basic Setup3dc1496fDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/BQuikEval INTERFACEThe DC1496A-A/B can be connected to a DC590 and used with the QuikEval software. The DC590 connects to a PC through USB. QuikEval automatically detects the demo board and brings up the L TC2941/L TC2942 evaluation software interface (Figure 3). Compact and Detailed FormWhen the interface is brought up, a compact form is fi rst shown with a display for the accumulated charge register (ACR), voltage ADC and temperature ADC. To expand the form for a more detailed display of the L TC2941/L TC2942 registers and board confi gurations, click on Detail. To go back to the compact form, click on Hide.Start/RefreshClick on Start to begin a polling routine that refreshes the interface every 1 second. Click on Stop to halt the poll-ing. For a single update, click on Refresh. Each refresh scans through the internal I 2C registers and updates the respective displays.L TC2941 and L TC2942 DisplayOn a refresh or poll, the software reads Status bit A[7] to determine communication with an L TC2941 or L TC2942. When an L TC2941 is detected, the voltage and temperature ADC and threshold displays are not shown. Control bits B[7:6] confi gure VBAT Alert for the L TC2941 and ADC Mode for the L TC2942.ACR DisplayThe data in the ACR (registers C and D) is displayed in one of three selected formats: Counter in coulombs, Counter in mA • hour , battery gas gauge in mA • hour , and battery gas gauge in charge percentage of battery. The two gas gauge displays correspond to the battery gas gauge full battery confi guration set in the detailed form.Voltage and Temperature ADC (L TC2942)Data from the Voltage ADC (registers I and J) and the Temperature ADC (registers M and N) is displayed here in Volts and Celsius.Figure 3. L TC2941/LTC2942 QuikEval InterfaceDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/B QuikEval INTERFACEAddress/I2C StatusThe write address for the L TC2941/L TC2942 is C8h and the read address is C9h. The alert response address (ARA) is 19h. If an error occurs while reading from the L TC2941/ L TC2942, the I2C status will read as an error. Otherwise, the status is good. If the L TC2941/L TC2942 AL/CC pin is set for alert mode and an alert has been latched, the device will pull down this pin. Click on ARA to send out an ARA on to the bus lines and the device will respond with its address. The Alert pin will then be cleared if the alert is no longer present.StatusThe individual status bits A[0:7] and their states are shown here. A red indicator next to bits A[0:5] indicates the re-spective alert is currently present and will latch the Alert pin if confi gured for alert. Bit A[7] shows if an L TC2941 or L TC2942 is detected.Sense ResistorEnter here the sense resistor value used in the application. The default for the DC1496A-A/B is a 100mΩ sense resis-tor. Check L TC2941-1/L TC2942-1 if one of these devices is used in place of the default IC. This sets the sense resistor value to 50mΩ, the value of the internal sense resistor in these devices. The sense resistor can only be changed when not polling. The software only accepts sense resis-tors between 0.1mΩ to 5Ω.Battery Gas GaugeThe battery capacity in the application is entered here. The ACR full scale (FFFFh) is set to this value and affects the two Gas Gauge ACR display options. Instead of counting up from 0 as in the Coulomb Counters, the Gas Gauge is used to count down from a full battery. The battery capacity can only be entered when not polling. The data in the ACR when a battery should be empty is calculated based off of R SENSE, and pre-scaler M, and displayed in hexadecimal below the ACR full scale.ControlConfi gurations done in the Control section write to the Control register (register B). For the L TC2941, the Control bits B[7:6] enables a battery monitor to one of three set voltage thresholds (2.8V, 2.9V, or 3V) or disables this battery voltage alert. The ADC mode with the L TC2942 is default to Sleep where both Voltage and Temperature ADCs (L TC2942) are disabled. Setting ADC Mode to Automatic Mode enables full-time the Voltage and Temperature ADC. Selecting Manual Voltage or Temperature mode enables the respective ADC once and returns the ADC to Sleep mode.Select a pre-scaler M value to scale the ACR according to battery capacity and maximum current. Changing the pre-scaler will halt the poll. A calculator tool is provided in the tool bar under Tools to assist in calculating a pre-scaler value and sense resistor (Figure 4).The AL#/CC pin can be confi gured for Alert mode, Charge Complete mode, or disabled. Select the corresponding settings on the DC1496A-A/B jumper J2.The Shutdown Analog Section is checked to disable the Analog portion of the L TC2941/42 and set the device in a low current state.Register Read/WriteData in the internal registers of the L TC2941/L TC2942 is displayed here in hexadecimal or appropriate units. Data can also be entered and written to the write registers. Enter data to be written in hexadecimal, or select Unit and enter data in decimal form. Data in decimal scale is auto corrected if the maximum or minimum full scale is exceeded. Select the ACR display in Counter (Coulombs) to be able to write to the ACR and charge thresholds in Coulombs, or select Counter (mAh) to be able to write to the ACR and charge thresholds in mA • hour. Voltage and Temperature High thresholds are rounded down in the calculations to the nearest lower count, while the low thresholds are rounded up to nearest higher count.4dc1496f5dc1496fDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/BSwitching back and forth between Hex and Unit can be used as a conversion tool.The LSB value for the 16-bit ACR and charge thresholds is displayed on the bottom. This value is adjusted with the sense resistor and pre-scaler M. The units are in mAh or mC depending on the selected ACR display. Shown for the L TC2942 is the LSB for the 14-bit voltage ADC, 10-bit temperature ADC, and 8-bit high and low thresholds for voltage and temperature.Calculator ToolA calculator tool is available in the tool bar options under Tools. In this calculator (Figure 4), enter the maximum cur-rent passed through the sense and the maximum battery capacity. Click on Calculate to calculate a recommended sense resistor and pre-scaler (M) value. The display shows the battery capacity in comparison to ACR full scale and provides an LSB value in mAh. Also shown is the recom-mended equation to use to determine an appropriate sense resistor as a function of the maximum battery charge and maximum current.Figure 4. L TC2941/L TC2942 Pre-Scaler and Sense Resistor CalculatorQuikEval INTERFACEDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/BPARTS LISTITEM QTY REFERENCE PART DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURE/PART NUMBER12C1, C2CAP., CHIP X7R, 0.1μF, 25V, 0603AVX, 06033C104KAT2A24E1-E4TURRET, Test Point 0.094"MILL-MAX, 2501-2-00-80-00-00-07-035E5-E9TURRET, Test Point 0.064"MILL-MAX, 2308-241E10, E11TURRET, Test Point 0.037"MILL-MAX, 2309-150TP1, TP2(SMT Pads Only)62JP1, JP2HEADER, 3Pin 1 Row 0.079CC SAMTEC, TMM-103-02-L-S72for (JP1, JP2)SHUNT, 0.079" Center SAMTEC, 2SN-BK-G81J1HEADERS, Vertical Dual 2X7 0.079CC MOLEX, 87831-142091D1LED, RED, LIGHT EMITTING DIODES PANASONIC, LN1251CTR101R1RES., CHIP, 0.1Ω, 1/8W, 1%, 1206IRC, LRC-LR1206LF-01-R100-F113R6, R7, R8RES., CHIP, 5.10k, 1%, 0603VISHAY, CRCW06035K10FKEA123R2, R3, R4RES., CHIP, 10k, 5%, 0603VISHAY, CRCW060310K0JNEA131R5RES., CHIP, 1k, 5%, 0603VISHAY, CRCW06031K00JNEA141R9RES., CHIP, 100k, 5%, 0603VISHAY, CRCW0603100KJNEA151S1SWITCH, SMT Pushbutton PANASONIC, EVQPE105K161U2I.C., Serial EEPROM TSSOP8MICROCHIP, 24LC025-I/ST171for (J1)CABLE ASSY., 8" STRIP LINEAR RIBBON CABLE CA-24406dc1496f7dc1496fDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/BSCHEMATIC DIAGRAM8dc1496fDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/B Silkscreen TopComponent SideInner Layer 2PCB LAYOUT AND FILM9dc1496fDEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/BI nformation furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However , no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.PCB LAYOUT AND FILMInner Layer 3Solder SideSilkScreen Bottom10dc1496f DEMO MANUAL DC1496A-A/BLinear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear .com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORA TION 2010LT 0510 • PRINTED IN USADEMONSTRATION BOARD IMPORTANT NOTICELinear Technology Corporation (L TC) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following AS IS conditions:This demonstration board (DEMO BOARD) kit being sold or provided by Linear Technology is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONL Y and is not provided by L TC for commercial use. As such, the DEMO BOARD herein may not be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including but not limited to product safety measures typically found in finished commercial goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union direc-tive on electromagnetic compatibility and therefore may or may not meet the technical requirements of the directive, or other regulations.If this evaluation kit does not meet the specifications recited in the DEMO BOARD manual the kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY THE SELLER TO BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THIS INDEMNITY, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT , SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further , the user releases L TC from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Due to the open construction of the product, it is the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge. Also be aware that the products herein may not be regulatory compliant or agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.).No License is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property whatsoever. L TC assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or any other intellectual property rights of any kind.L TC currently services a variety of customers for products around the world, and therefore this transaction is not exclusive .Please read the DEMO BOARD manual prior to handling the product . Persons handling this product must have electronics training and observe good laboratory practice standards. Common sense is encouraged .This notice contains important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For further safety concerns, please contact a L TC applica-tion engineer .Mailing Address:Linear Technology1630 McCarthy Blvd.Milpitas, CA 95035Copyright © 2004, Linear Technology CorporationDC1496A-A。
LTC1232 精密电源监控模块说明书
123sn1232 1232fasSYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONSMINTYP MAX UNITSV CC Supply Voltage● 4.555.5V V IH ST and PB RST Input High Level ●2V CC +0.3V V ILST and PB RST Input Low Level●–0.30.8VDC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSSYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MINTYP MAX UNITS I IL Input Leakage (Note 3)●–11µA I OH Output Current at 2.4V (Note 5)●–1–13mA I OL Output Current at 0.4V (Note 5)●26mAI CC Supply Current (Note 4)●0.52mA V CCTP V CC Trip Point TOL = GND ● 4.5 4.62 4.74 V V CCTP V CC Trip PointTOL = V CC●4.254.37 4.49 V V HYS V CC Trip Point Hysteresis 40mV V RSTRST Output Voltage at V CC = 1VI SINK = 10µA4200mVThe ● denotes the specifications which applyover the full operating temperature. V CC = full operating range.The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operatingtemperature. V CC = full operating range.SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONSMIN TYP MAX UNITS t PB PB RST = V IL ●40ms t RST RESET Active Time ●2506101000ms t ST ST Pulse Width●20ns t RPD V CC Detect to RST and RST ●100ns t f V CC Slew Rate 4.75V–4.25V ●300µs t RPU V CC Detect to RST and RSTt R = 5µs●2506101000ms (Reset Active Time)t R V CC Slew Rate 4.25V–4.75V ●0nst TDST Pin Detect to RST and RST TD = GND ●60150250ms (Watchdog Time-Out Period)TD = Floating ●2506101000ms TD = V CC●50012002000ms C IN Input Capacitance 5pF C OUTOutput Capacitance5pFNote 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired.Note 2: All voltage values are with respect to GND.Note 3: The PB RST pin is internally pulled up to V CC with an internal impedance of 10k typical. The TD pin has internal bias current.Note 4: Measured with outputs open.Note 5: The RST pin is an open drain output.The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature.V CC = full operating range.AC CHARACTERISTICSRECO E D ED OPERATI G CO DITIO SU U U U WW456Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no represen-tation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.7Linear Technology Corporation 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● LW/TP 1002 1K REV A • PRINTED IN USA © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORA TION 19928。
MN291 AC Current Probe用户手册说明书
AC Current Probe Models MN291User ManualDESCRIPTIONThe MN291 (Catalog #2115.84) is the latest in compact AC Current probes. Designed to meet the most stringent demands in industry and electrical contracting, it also meets the latest safety and performance standards. The probe has a measurement range up to 240Arms which makes it the perfect tool for measurement with DMMs without AC range, recorders. The Model MN291 is compatible with any DC voltmeter, multimeter, or other voltage measurement instrument that is capable of displaying 100mV of output per amp of measured current, voltmeter accuracy of 0.75% or better and an input impedance of ≥ 1M Ω.WARNINGThe safety warnings are provided to ensure the safety of personnel and proper operation of the instrument. Read the instruction completely.•Use caution on any circuit: potentially high voltages and currents may be present and may pose a shock hazard. •Do not use the probe if damaged. Always connect the current probe to the measuring device before it is connected around the conductor •Do not use on non-insulated conductor with a potential to ground greater than 600V CAT IIIpollution 2. Use extreme caution when clamping around bare conductors or bus bars. • Before each use, inspect the probe; look for cracks in housing or output cable insulation. • Do not use clamp in wet environment or in locations that hazardous gases exist. • Do not use the probe anywhere beyond the tactile barrier.INTERNATIONAL ELECTRICAL SYMBOLSThis symbol signifies that the current probe is protected by double or reinforced insulation. Use only factory specified replacement parts when servicing the instrument.This symbol signifies CAUTION! and requests that the user refer to the user manual before using the instrument.This is a type A current sensor. This symbol signifies that application around and removal from HAZARDOUS LIVE conductors is permitted.DEFINITION OF MEASUREMENT CATEGORIESCAT II: For measurements performed on circuits directly connected to the electrical distribution system.Examples are measurements on household appliances or portable tools.CAT III: For measurements performed in the building installation at the distribution level such as onhardwired equipment in fixed installation and circuit breakers. CAT IV: For measurements performed at the primary electrical supply (<1000V) such as on primaryovercurrent protection devices, ripple control units, or meters. RECEIVING YOUR SHIPMENTUpon receiving your shipment, make sure that the contents are consistent with the packing list. Notify your distributor of any missing items. If the equipment appears to be damaged, file a claim immediately with the carrier and notify your distributor at once, giving a detailed description of any damage.ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Nominal Range: 200AMeasurement Range: 0.5 to 240A Transformation Ratio: DC Voltage output Output Signal: 100mV DC/A ACAccuracy and Phase Shift*:Accuracy: 0.5 to 10A: 3.0% Reading ± 50mV10 to 40A: 2.5% Reading ± 50mV40 to 100A: 2.0% Reading ± 50mV100 to 240A: 2% Reading Phase Shift: Not applicable(*Reference conditions: 18°C to 28°C, 20 to 75% RH, external magnetic field <40 A/m, 48 to 65 Hz sine wave, distortion factor less than 1%, no DC component, no external current carrying conductor, test sample centered.)Load impedance > 1M with 2s RC filter. Overload: 240A for 10 min ON, 30 min OFF Frequency Range: 40 to 10kHzLimit Operating Conditions:200A permanently to 1kHzDerating above 3kHz: 200A x (1/0.333 F), F in kHzCrest Factor:3 @ 200Arms with an error (due to CF) of 3% Working Voltage: 600VrmsCommon Mode Voltage: 600VrmsInfluence of Adjacent Conductor:< 15mA/A at 50HzInfluence of DC on AC signal:DC Current < 20A, < 5%Influence of Conductor Position in Jaw:0.5% of mV output @ 50/60 HzInfluence of Frequency:40Hz to 1kHz: 5% of mV output1kHz to 10kHz: 12% of mV outputInfluence of Load:< 3% of mA output from 40Hz to 1kHz< 12% of mA output from 1kHz to 10kHzInfluence of Temperature:≤ 150 ppm/°K, or 0.15% of mV output per 10°KInfluence of Humidity (10 - 90% RH):≤ 0.2% of mV output per 10°K @ 18°C to 28°CMECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONSOperating Temperature:14° to 131°F (-10° to +55°C)Storage Temperature:-40° to 158°F (-40° to +70°C)Operating Relative Humidity:10° to 35°C 85% RH (without roll-off above 35°C)Maximum Cable Diameter:One Ø 0.78" (20 mm), bus bar 20 x 5mmCase Protection:IP 40 (IEC 529)Drop Test:Test per IEC 68-2-32: 1.0 m drop on 38 mm of Oak on concrete.Mechanical Shock:Test per IEC 68-2-27Vibration:Test per IEC 68-2-6 Dimensions:5.47 x 2.00 x 1.18" (139 x 51 x 30mm)Weight: 180 g (6.5 oz)Polycarbonate Material:Jaws: Polycarbonate with 10% fiberglass charge, Red UL 94 V0Case: Polycarbonate 920A GrayOpening Operations - Life: > 50,000Output:Double/reinforced insulated 5 ft. (1.5 m) lead with safety 4mm banana plugSAFETY SPECIFICATIONSElectrical:Double insulation or reinforced insulation between the primary or secondary and the outer case of the handle conforms to IEC 1010-2-32.Common Mode Voltage:600V CAT III, Pollution Degree 2Dielectric Strength:5550V, 50/60Hz between primary, secondaryand the outer case of the handleElectromagnetic Compatibility:EN 50081-1 Class BEN 50082-2 Electrostatic dischargeIEC 1000-4-2Radiated field IEC 1000-4-3Fast transients IEC 1000-4-4Magnetic field at 50/60 Hz IEC 1000-4-8ORDERING INFORMATIONAC Current Probe MN291 ................. Cat #2115.84Accessories:Banana plug adapter(to non-recessed plug) ....................... Cat #1017.45E192383OPERATIONPlease make sure that you have already read and fully understand the WARNING section on page 1. Making Measurements with the AC Current Probe Model MN291•Connect the black lead of the current probe to “common” and the red lead to the DC voltage input on your DMM or other voltage measuring instrument. The AC current probe has an output of 100mV DC/A AC. This means that for 200A AC in a conductor around which the probe is clamped, 20V DC will come out of the probe leads to your DMM or instrument. Select the range which corresponds to the measured current. If the current magnitude is unknown, start with the highest range and work down until the appropriate range and resolution are reached. Clamp the probe around the conductor. Take the reading on the meter and multiply it by 10 to obtain the measured current (e.g, 1000mV DC reading = 1000 x 10 = 10,000mA AC or 10AC)•For best accuracy, avoid if possible, the proximity of other conductors which may create noise.Tips for Making Precise Measurements•When using a current probe with a meter, it is important to select the range that provides the best resolution. Failure to do this may result in measurement errors.•Make sure that probe jaw mating surfaces are free of dust and contamination. Contaminants cause air gaps between the jaws, increasing the phase shift between primary and secondary. It is very critical for power measurement.MAINTENANCE:Warning• For maintenance use only original factory replacement parts.• To avoid electrical shock, do not attempt to perform any servicing unless you are qualified to do so.•To avoid electrical shock and/or damage to the instrument, do not get water or other foreign agents into the probeCleaningTo ensure optimum performance, it is important to keep the probe jaw mating surfaces clean at all times. Failure to do so may result in error in readings. To clean the probe jaws, use very fine sand paper (fine 600) to avoid scratching the jaw, then gently clean with a soft oiled cloth.REPAIR AND CALIBRATIONYou must contact our Service Center for a Customer Service Authorization number (CSA#). This will ensure that when your instrument arrives, it will be tracked and processed promptly. Please write the CSA# on the outside of the shipping container.Chauvin Arnoux®, Inc. d.b.a. AEMC® Instruments15 Faraday Drive Dover, NH 03820 USA(800)945-2362(Ext.360)•(603)749-6434(Ext.360)•***************(Or contact your authorized distributor)NOTE: All customers must obtain a CSA# before returning any instrument.TECHNICAL AND SALES ASSISTANCEIf you are experiencing any technical problems, or require any assistance with the proper use or application of this instrument, please contact our technical hotline:(800) 945-2362 (Ext. 351) • (603) 749-6434 (Ext. 351)•********************The current probe is warranted to the owner for a period of two year s from the date of original purchase against defects in manufacture. This limited warranty is given by AEMC® Instruments, not by the distributor from whom it was purchased. This warranty is void if the unit has been tampered with, abused or if the defect is related to service not performed by AEMC® Instruments.Full warranty coverage and product registration is available on our website at:/warranty.html.Please print the online Warranty Coverage Information for your records.LIMITED WARRANTY99-MAN 100142.v8 02/18。
ltc2950的原理和应用
LTC2950的原理和应用1. LTC2950简介LTC2950是一款轻型电源管理芯片，适用于各种电池供电系统的自动开关功能。
它基于CMOS工艺，具有低功耗和高稳定性的特点。
本文将介绍LTC2950的原理和应用。
2. LTC2950的工作原理LTC2950采用了一种称为监视器模式的工作原理，其主要功能是监视系统电源电压并控制开关输出。
下面是LTC2950的工作原理：•输入电源电压监测：LTC2950能够监测输入电源的电压，并根据设定的电压阈值来确定系统是否正常工作。
当输入电压低于阈值时，LTC2950将触发系统关闭动作。
•开关输出控制：LTC2950有一个开关输出，用于控制其他外部设备的开关。
当系统运行正常时，开关输出保持开启状态；当输入电压低于阈值时，开关输出将关闭。
•自动开启恢复：LTC2950具有自动开启恢复功能，即当输入电压回复到正常范围内时，开关输出将自动开启，系统将恢复正常工作状态。
3. LTC2950的应用LTC2950的原理和功能使其在电池供电系统中具有广泛的应用。
下面是几个常见的应用场景：3.1 电池供电系统的自动开关LTC2950可以作为电池供电系统的自动开关，当电池电压低于设定阈值时，LTC2950将关闭系统以避免过放电，从而保护电池的寿命。
当电压回复正常时，LTC2950将自动开启系统，实现自动恢复。
3.2 低功耗电源管理由于LTC2950本身具有低功耗特点，可以提供给其他电路使用作为电源管理芯片。
它可以监控输入电压，根据需求控制开关输出，实现低功耗的电源管理功能。
3.3 电池充电系统LTC2950可以作为电池充电系统的控制芯片使用。
它可以监控充电电压和电流，并根据需求控制充电器的开关状态。
当充电电压和电流达到设定值时，LTC2950可以触发停止充电动作，从而保护电池的安全。
3.4 电源切换系统LTC2950还可以应用于电源切换系统中，当主电源发生故障或不稳定时，LTC2950可以自动切换到备用电源以保证系统的正常运行。
LTC2900型四电源监控器的特性及应用
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是凌特公司生产的高精度 、小体积电源监控器 ， 它 能 为 电信设 备 、 网络 服 务 器 、 台式 电脑 和 笔 记 本 电
脑 等提 供精 确 电压 监控 和系统 复位 等功 能 。当检 测
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Ｇ Ｄ 接地 Ｎ
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Ｖ Ｇ 电压 门限组合选择输入端 Ｐ Ｖ 缓 冲基准 电压端 ， 该引脚 最大 吸收 电流 ＲＥ 为 １ｍ ｒ Ａ Ｖ 电压输 入端 ４ 输 入电压可 从 １８ Ｖ或 ４ ， ． １５Ｖ中选择 ．
摘 要 ： 用 Ｌ Ｃ ９ ０型专 用集 成 电路 可 同 时监 控 硬件 电路 的 多个 电源 电压 ， 利 Ｔ ２０ 防止 电源 电压 波动 造
ltc2991用法
ltc2991用法
LTC2991是一种用于监控系统温度、电压和电流的芯片，通过I2C串行接口进行通信。
它具有8个监视器，可以单独测量电源电压，并能配对进行电流检测电阻器或温度感测晶体管的差分测量。
此外，LTC2991还可以测量内部温度和内部VCC。
LTC2991的应用非常灵活，可选择地址和可配置功能使其可以应用于各种需要测量温度、电压或电流数据的系统。
例如，对于要求低于毫伏电压的分辨率、1% 电流测量和1℃温度精度或此三者之任意组合的系统，LTC2991都是非常适合的选择。
如果需要更详细的信息，建议查阅LTC2991的官方文档或参考相关教程。
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ｎ ｎｅ ， Ｉｔｒｉ 出新 型高 效、双 通道 降压 型稳 压器—— Ｌｉ ｅａｒ ｗｗｗＪｉ ａｒ ｃｏｍ ｎｅｓｌ 推
ＷＭ８ ２ ： ３ ５ 电源 管理 芯 片
歇胜徽电子股份有限公司推出 ＷＭ８ ２ ３ ５电源管理子系
多 Ｉ 无需系 个 ｃ而 统时钟的帮助。 圈圈豳
Ｉ ｔ ｒ ｉ ｗｗｗＪ ｔ ｒ ｉ ｃ ｒ ｎｅｓｌ ｎ ｅ ｓｌ ｏ ｎ ．
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能 电 话 、３ ４ 数 据 卡 和 平 板 电 脑 、超 移 动 Ｐ 及 上 啊 奉 （Ｔ ２ １— ） Ｇ／Ｇ Ｃ Ｌ Ｃ ９ １５ ；±１５ 『 限准确度 ；电源故障监视器 ； ％ Ｊ 复
等设备中 的应ｌ。 ■圈 ｆ 圈墨 Ｉ
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的宽 广输 入电压范围 使 之 成 为 用 于 中间 总 线 生 成 和 负载 点 ｆ ＯＬ Ｐ ｌ调节的较 理想 解决方案。
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Ｉ ８ ０ ３ 降压 型稳压 器 ＳＬ ５ ３ ：
Ｉ ８ ０３ ＳＬ ５ ３ ．可帮助 高电源密度工业、通信和消费电子应 用 减少元器件数量和提 高设计灵括性 ＩＬ ５ ３ 降 压 型 稳 压 器 集 成 了 两 个 高 压或一个双相输 出上 统，适用于智能卒 、平板电脑等。
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范围内提供瑚定的输出电压 该器件采用专有尉步整流架 件面向低至 ０５ Ｖ的低匿系统 ，具有电源故障报警功能。
态电流如此的低．该器件也能够在负载大幅摆动的时候 提 作温度范围．分别为 ０ 一７ ℃ 和 －０ － ５ ℃ ０ ４ ℃ ８ ℃ 供出色的瞬态响应 此外．在关断模式 Ｆ．供电电流降 至 １ Ａ．进一步降低功耗。 ｐ ＬＣ ９１ Ｔ ２ １ 性能概要 ： 超低电压复位 ．保证
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同时监视三通道输入 ： Ｖ、５ ３ ３ Ｖ，可调 （ ２ １・ ）３ Ｖ、 Ｌ ９ １１ ； ＴＣ ３
Ｆ ５５ ＡＮ ３ ８采崩肄有成本效益的 ６脚 ＳＣ ０ ７ 封装 ．朋 ２５ 可调 （Ｔ ９ １２ ； Ｖ、１ Ｖ，可渊 （Ｔ ２ １・ ） Ｖ Ｌ Ｃ２ １ －）３３ ８ Ｌ Ｃ ９ １３ ； 而易于使用．能 够简化制造工序 该器件适台于手机 智 ３３ １ Ｖ 可 Ｖ ２
ＧＩ ｏｂａＩＣ ｕｉ ｌ Ｇ ｄｅ ｌ
品 总 汇
Ｆ ５５ ： ＡＮ ３ ８ 降压 调节 器
Ｆ ５５ ＡＮ ３ ８降 压 调 节器 ，可在 ２ ７ 一 ５５ 的输 入 电 压 ｖ ｖ
Ｌ Ｃ２ １ ： Ｔ ９ １ 电源 监视 器
凌力尔特公司推 出三通道电源监视器 Ｌ Ｃ ９ １ Ｔ ２ １ ．该器