汉译英-成语的翻译
汉译英 成语的翻译
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。 Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳。 Constant dropping wears the stone. 水滴石穿。 Actions speak louder than words.
事实胜于雄辩。
成语翻译要注意的事项
汉语成语的语言特色，即形象鲜明、常用典故、
音韵和谐，翻译时应尽可能地保留这些特色。 然而由于汉英两种语言和文化的巨大差异，汉 语成语的这些特色很难全部在译文中得以再现， 此时译者必须有所舍弃，采取适当的翻译策略 以确保主要信息的传递。 现代翻译学认为，译文与原文在意义上应动态 对应，不要形式对等。因此，从原文的深层意 义出发，汉语句子当中的四字词组在译成英语 时都有可能与英语句中的单词、短语、习语甚 至整句相对应。
Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. 不可过早乐观。 Every cloud has a silver lining. 天下没有绝对的坏事。 Among so many well-dressed and cultured people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. 同这么多穿着体面而又有教养的人在一起，这位乡下 姑娘感到很不自在。 She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth; she thinks she can do what she likes. 她生长在富贵之家，认为凡事都可随心所欲。
TRANSLATION APPRECIATION
1.It is too late to grieve when the chance is past. 坐失良机，后悔已迟。 2.It’s never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。 3.Joy at its height engenders sorrow. 乐极生悲。 4.Justice has long arms.
汉译英词语翻译成语翻译
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Assignments:
一、认真阅读《新编汉英翻译 教程》第四章p86-125。（背 记其中出现的语词、例句）
二、背记附录3中-“国务院各部、 委、局的名称” 英译（农牧
渔业部—宗教事务局），下 节课检查。
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三、翻译下文中划线部分：
➢ 仿佛在重温小姑娘时的课程。远远望见四十岁的 路标，心里便塞满了有关四十岁的事情。你该知 道四十岁的女人衣要清爽妆要淡雅，你不要让活 泼的大笑绽在多褶的脸上强加于人。对年轻的女 孩，你要用宽厚来溶化其挑衅的锋芒；对年长的 妇女，你需得收敛以维护其过敏的自尊。你最好 别再东奔西跑，道听途说，穿针引线，热情高涨， 忙得不可开交。当然你也别长吁短叹顾影自怜， 凄凄惨惨戚戚。你该帮的事或许在于用沉思静写 苦读充沛灵魂，在于用实干坚韧缜密对待工作。 四十岁自有四十岁的天地，假如用外表的伶俐换 得了内在的凝重，你肯定认为这是交易公平。
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意译类
➢缁铢必较
➢初出茅庐
➢to haggle over ➢at the beginning
every penny
of one’s careers
➢罄竹难书
➢悬梁刺股
➢ (of crimes) to ➢ to be extremely
numerous to hard-working in
汉语成语英译
➢ 汉语成语的特点为：言简意赅、生动形
象、比一般的词语有更强的表现力、历 来为人们所喜欢用的一种精粹的语言材 料。以四字格为主体的汉语成语不少于 一万条，在政治、文艺，科技等文体中 起着积极重要的作用。所以，在汉译英 中，汉语成语的处理自然是一个不可忽 视的问题。
汉译英词语翻译--成语翻译--3
2020/12/8
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成语英译方法（p79-81）
➢直译法 ➢意译法 ➢套译法 ➢加注法 ➢增译法
2020/12/8
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直译法
➢按照字面意义直译可以让译 文读者准确理解其意义、且 不违背译文语言规范、不引 起错误联想的成语，都可以 直译。
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-直译法-1
➢有些汉语成语没 ➢口蜜腹剑 有形象的比喻意 ➢ to be honey义，它们的字面 mouthed and 意义也就是它们 dagger-hearted 的实际意义。对 这些成语，我们 当然可以采取字 面翻译。
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汉语成语英译-直译法3
➢不少汉语成语不一 ➢刻骨铭心
定有非常对等的英 语成语，但他们的 字面翻译也能使译
➢ to on
be engraved one’s heart
文读者得到正确无 and bones
误的形象意义。如：➢调虎离山
➢声东击西
➢to lure a tiger
➢ to shout in the east from
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-直译法
➢劳苦功高 ➢ to have spent toilsome labour and won
distinctive merits ➢屡教不改 ➢ to fail to mend one’s ways after repeated
admonition ➢牢不可破 ➢to be so strongly built as to be indestructible
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汉语成语英译-直译法-2
➢ 有些成语按字面意思 ➢ 打草惊蛇
中译英-成语俗语
中译英——成语/俗语翻译1.“中国诗词大会”自开始以来，已经是家喻户晓的了。
(know)2. 学习新知识的时候，千万不要不懂装懂。
(pretend)3. 对于即将到来的英语演讲比赛，他胸有成竹。
(confidence)4. 经过彻底的大扫除后，新办公室布置得井井有条。
(order)5. 看着同学们都去农场劳动，我迫不及待地也想体验一下。
(wait)6. 超市货架上的商品种类繁多，令人难以选择。
(variety)7. 虽然你送孩子上学得花一大笔钱，可这钱花得值。
(worth)8. 他的寡言少语使同事们觉得很难与他沟通。
(communicate)9. 他在异国他乡孤身只影，举目无亲。
(alone)10. 我不喜欢看这类电视剧，因为它们都千篇一律。
(pattern)11. 你们的前途都很远大，但仍需努力工作。
(need)12. 他对批评者的话置若罔闻，根本不把它当回事。
（take）13. 从人口数量方面讲，印度仅次于中国。
(next)14.一切顺其自然，你就能享受生活的每一天。
(as)15. 他遭遇车祸反而因祸得福了。
（turn）16. 经营这家书店，他每个月赚的钱几乎不够养家糊口。
(support)17. 虽然他的同学在智力上比他强，但他相信勤能补拙。
(superior)18. 这样一个发大财的机会千载难逢，你怎么能眼睁睁的让它跑掉呢？(slip)19. 销售经理对于员工工作的评价使所有在场的人不知所措。
(comment)20. 没有什么比看见孩子有一天能在社会上自食其力更加令父母高兴的事了。
(please)中译英——成语/俗语翻译1.“中国诗词大会”自开始以来，已经是家喻户晓的了。
(know) “Chinese Poetry Conference” has become known to e very household since its start.2. 学习新知识的时候，千万不要不懂装懂。
(pretend)Be sure not to pretend to know what you really don’t know when learning something new.3. 对于即将到来的英语演讲比赛，他胸有成竹。
汉译英_成语的翻译 2
二、 将四字词组译成短语，如介词短语、
副词短语、不定式短语
这种方法往往是套用英语中最简单的词
组或句型。
某位领导的讲话要求外交人员“立场坚
定、目光远大、头脑敏捷、业务熟练、 才华出众、风格高尚”， “A Chinese diplomat should be firm in stand, broad in vision, swift in wit, qualified in profession, outstanding in talent, noble in character.”
三、套用英语中意思相同及功能对等 的习语
四字词组中有很大一部分是固定词组，即成语。成语
往往带有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。翻译时除了要 忠实地表达原文意义之外，还要尽可能保持原文成语 的形象比喻，丰富联想，修辞效果以及其民族、地方 特点等。有的成语和英语中的习语在内容和形式上都 相符合，双方不但有相同的意义和修辞色彩，并且有 相同或大体相同的形象比喻。汉译英时，如果遇到这 种情况，不妨直截了当地套用英语同义习语。这样的 译文可能会增色不少，基本能实现四字词组的美学价 值转移。
谚语俗语
亡羊补牢
Mend the fold after the sheep is stolen. 外来语 一尘不染 Free of dust 心花怒放
Be wild with joy\be elated
新生成语
分秒必争
Seize every minute and second Race against time 百花齐放
香港人、爱护香港人的旭日辉映下，满怀信心，升锚 启航，向着振兴中华，祖国统一的宏伟目标乘风奋进。 We are embarking on a new era. With the respect and trust from the entire nation, we will be much more equipped to sail forward with confidence and with conviction.We will play a part in facilitating the reunification of the entire nation, and bringing a better life to all in the nation.
翻译硕士(mti)考研备考必备常见的成语翻译汉英对照 (1)
翻译硕士（MTI）考研备考必备：常见的成语翻译汉英对照不怕慢，只怕站。
Do not fear going slow, only fear standing still.化干戈为玉帛。
beat swords into ploughs欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。
We widen our views 3 hundred miles by ascending one flight of stairs.会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。
When reaching the great peak (of Mount Tai), we hold all mountains in a single glance.结交一言重，相期千里至。
Friends are as good as their words, they travel a thousand li to keep a rendezvous.桃李不言，下自成蹊。
Peaches and plums do not have to talk, the world beats a path to them.君子敏于行而讷于言。
The gentlemen are speedy as a worker and cautious as a speaker.实事求是。
Seek truth from the facts.不到黄河心不死。
Until all is over ambition never dies. / Never say die.雄关漫道真如铁，而今迈步从头越。
The strong pass of the enemy is like a wall of iron, yet with firm strides, we are conquering its summit.路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。
My way ahead is long; I see no ending; yet high and low I'll search with my will unbending.安不忘危，治不忘乱。
成语翻译(英汉互译)
繁荣昌盛thriving and prosperous爱不释手fondle admiringly爱财如命skin a flea for its hide爱屋及乌love me,love my dog He that loves the tree loves the branch 安居乐业live and work in peace and contentment白手起家build up from nothing百里挑一one in hundred百折不挠be indomitable半途而废give up halfway leave sth. Unfinished包罗万象all-embracing all-inclusive饱经风霜weather-beaten卑躬屈膝bow and scrape cringe悲欢离合vicissitudes of life背道而驰run counter to run in the opposite direction本末倒置put the cart before the horse笨鸟先飞the slow need to start early必由之路the only way闭关自守close the country to international intercourse变本加厉be further intensified变化无常chop and change fantasticality变化无常chop and change fantasticality别开生面having sth. New别有用心have ulterior motives彬彬有礼refined and courteous urbane兵不厌诈in war nothing is too deceitful博古通今erudite and informed不败之地incincible position不耻下问feel not ashamed to learn from one's subordinates不可救药be past praying for beyond redemption不劳而获reap where one has not sown不屈不挠fortitude indefatigability perseverance persevere tenacity不速之客crasher uninvited guest不同凡响outstanding不言而喻speak for itself tell its own story tell its own tale went without saying不遗余力spare no effort spare no pains不以为然not approve object to不义之财filthy lucre filthy pelf the mammon of unrighteousness不亦乐乎extremely不远千里go to the trouble of travelling a long distance不约而同happen to coincide不择手段by any kind of means by hook or crook play hard by fair means or foul不知所措be at a loss be all adrift lose one's head out of one's wits才疏学浅have little talent and learning惨绝人寰extremely cruel沧海桑田time brings a great change to the worlds沧海一粟/九牛一毛a drop in the bucket草木皆兵a state of extreme nervousness层出不穷emerge in endlessly层峦迭嶂peaks over peaks察言观色carefully watch what sb. is doing and saying姹紫嫣红very beautiful flowers畅行无阻checkless车水马龙heavy traffic沉默寡言taciturnity称心如意well-content趁热打铁strike while iron is hot Hold a wolf the iron is hot成群结队gang horde诚惶诚恐with reverence and awe诚心诚意sincere desire承上启下a connecting link between the preceding and the following 吃苦耐劳tough吃里扒外live on sb. while helping others secretly痴心妄想胡思乱想wishful thinking持之以恒preserve叱咤风云ride the whirlwind愁眉苦脸pull a long face snoot愁眉苦脸的，愁眉苦脸地woebegone morosely臭名远扬，臭名昭著flagrancy，notorious出乎意料unexpected出口成章have an outstanding eloquence出类拔萃，鹤立鸡群fill the bill supereminence出谋划策give counsel suggest出奇制胜defeat sb. by a surprise action出生入死go through fire and water触类旁通comprehend by analogy垂头丧气，无精打采down in the mouth lose one's spirits with the tail between the legs垂头丧气的blue about the gills crestfallen downhearted绰绰有余more than sufficient此起彼伏as one falls,another rises从容不迫go easy take one's time从容不迫的leisured unhurried从容不迫地by easy stages粗枝大叶careless slapdash sloppy粗枝大叶的broad-brush措手不及unaware unprepared错综复杂扑朔迷离anfractuosity错综复杂的anfractuous daedal reticula sinuous打草惊蛇act rashly and about: the enemy大材小用waste one's talent on a petty job大公无私selfless大海捞针look for a needle in a bottle of hay大惑不解be extremely puzzled大惊小怪a storm in a teacup foofaraw fuss like a hen with one chicken 大惊小怪的spoffish大快人心affording general satisfaction大名鼎鼎famous well known大器晚成great minds mature slowly大千世界the boundless universe大失所望greatly disappointed大同小异largely identical but with minor differences大显身手大显神通strut one's stuff大言不惭夸夸其谈fanfaronade rodomontade大义凛然inspiring awe by upholding justice大义灭亲place righteousness above family loyalty大智若愚Still waters run deep. An empty vessel makes the most sound Still water runs deep呆若木鸡dumbstruck transfixed待人接物the ways one gets along with others殚思极虑rack one's brains胆小如鼠cannot say boh to a goose胆战心惊的funky淡泊明志not seek fame and wealth道貌岸然be sanctimonious得过且过drift along muddle along得天独厚的advantaged得心应手handy with facility得意忘形得意洋洋bloat get dizzy with success得意洋洋elated elation exaltation jauntiness得意扬扬ride high得意洋洋的cock-a-hoop high-blown perky得意扬扬的triumphant德才兼备have both ability and moral integrity德高望重sainted saintlike登峰造极reach the limit reach the peak of perfection地大物博vast territory and abundant resources颠倒黑白颠倒是非混淆是非call white black swear black is white 颠三倒四confused disorderly雕虫小技insignificant skill调兵遣将move forces调虎离山lure the enemy away from his base掉以轻心treat sth. Lightly喋喋不休blat cackle chackle harp harp on jaw-jaw rattle twitter wag 顶天立地of indomitable spirit东施效颦blind imitation with ludicrous effection东山再起bob up like a cork独具匠心show originality独树一帜develop a school of one's own独一无二in a class by oneself独一无二的unique unmatched unparalleled度日如年one day seems like a year断章取义garble quote out of context对牛弹琴whistle jigs to a milestone Cast pearls before swine对症下药suit the remedy to the case多才多艺versatility多才多艺的accomplished all-round allround miscellaneous versatile 多愁善感sensitivity sentimentality多愁善感的moonstruck spoony多此一举bring owls to Athens hold a candle to the sun多多益善the more the better咄咄逼人aggressive脱胎换骨thoroughly remould oneself阿谀奉承趋炎附势greasiness恩将仇报以怨报德忘恩负义bite the hand that feeds one尔虞我诈each trying to cheat the other发人深省的thought-provoking发人深省set people thinking发扬光大carry forward翻山越岭tramp over hill and dale翻天覆地world-shaking泛滥成灾overrun飞黄腾达青云直上come into one's kingdom rise in the world strike oil 飞黄腾达的successful飞禽走兽birds and beasts废寝忘食forget food and sleep分道扬镳part company,each going his own way分化瓦解disintegrate divide and demoralize分门别类classify纷至沓来come in a continuous stream纷至沓来的thick as hail奋不顾身dash ahead regardless of one's safety愤愤不平be indignant愤世嫉俗的cynical丰富多彩rich and colorful丰功伟绩great achievement丰衣足食have ample food and clothing风花雪月sentimental writings of the exploiting classes风马牛不相及be totally unrelated风靡一时be the rage风平浪静calm风起云涌like a rising wind and scudding clouds风雨同舟stand together regardless of situation风雨无阻in all weathers锋芒毕露make a showy display of one's abilities蜂涌而来pour逢场作戏join in the fun on occasion逢凶化吉trun ill luck into good奉公守法law-abiding敷衍了事make short shrift of palter scuffle釜底抽薪take a drastic measure to deal with a situation赴汤蹈火出生入死go through fire and water富丽堂皇magnificence覆水难收spilt water cannot be gathered up again It is no use crying over spilt milk。
【管理资料】汉译英词语翻译--成语翻译--3汇编
成语英译方法（p79-81）
➢直译法 ➢意译法 ➢套译法 ➢加注法 ➢增译法
2020/7/3
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直译法
➢按照字面意义直译可以让译 文读者准确理解其意义、且 不违背译文语言规范、不引 起错误联想的成语，都可以 直译。
2020/7/3
3
-直译法-1
➢有些汉语成语没 ➢口蜜腹剑 有形象的比喻意 ➢ to be honey义，它们的字面 mouthed and 意义也就是它们 dagger-hearted 的实际意义。对 这些成语，我们 当然可以采取字 面翻译。
➢ to drain a pond to catch all the fish
turning over one’s hand ➢ 玩火自焚
➢ to get burnt by the
fire kindled by oneself
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汉语成语英译
➢ 挥金如土
➢ to spend money like dirt
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-直译法
➢ 劳苦功高 ➢ to have spent toilsome labour and won
distinctive merits ➢ 屡教不改 ➢ to fail to mend one’s ways after repeated
admonition ➢ 牢不可破 ➢ to be so strongly built as to be indestructible
paper
and
bewitched gold
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意译法
➢ 单枪匹马
➢海阔天空
➢ to be singlehanded in doing sth.