英汉互译专题训练公开课
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汉译英翻译专题PPT课件
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• 长嗟短叹 －－ sighing deeply
• 发号施令－－ issue orders
• 土崩瓦解－－ fall apart
•2021/3/7两面三刀－－ two-fCaHEcNeLI d tactics
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4. 语态转换
• 在英汉两种语言当中都有主动和被动两种语态 。在英语中被动语态的使用频率要远远高于汉 语。如果一味按照汉语原句的语态来翻译，会 使译文显得十分别扭。
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Practice Please.
• 1. 我不觉得用英语与外国人交谈有什么困难。 • I don’t think it difficult to speak to a
foreigner in English.
• 2. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
• Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.
• 这个小男孩在放学回家的路上受了伤 。
• The little boy was hurt on his way home from school.
• 门锁好了。The door has been locked up.
• 新教材在印刷中。
• New 2021/3/7 textbooks are CbHEeNLiIng printed.
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CHENLI
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2. 减词:
• 汉语喜欢重复，英语崇尚简洁。汉语的重复作为一种修辞 手段有两种作用。一是为了强调，重复表达一个意思，或 增添修饰语，加强语气。二是为了便于词语搭配，或平衡 节奏，增加可读性。这些在汉语里习以为常的重复词语或 句式，到了英语里要么不合逻辑，要么累赘冗长。所以翻 译时都要有所删减省略。
汉英翻译基础教程冯庆华专题培训课件
We have over ten years of experience in teaching quality English.
例2. 我们必须坚持社会主义道路，坚持人民民 主专政，坚持共产党的领导，坚持马列主义、 毛泽东思想。
We must adhere to the socialist road, the people’s democratic dictatorship, the Communist Party’s leadership and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.
3、指称意义对应但忽略语言差异
原文
假朋友
农民
Peasant
宣传
Propaganda
物美价廉
Cheap and good
你红光满面。
Your face is very red.
他是个“气管炎”。 He suffers from tracheitis.
正确译文 Farmer Popularize Economical and good You look healthy and energetic. He is a hen-pecked man.
有判断地学，不能盲目的学。
We must learn from foreign experience with an analytical and critical eye, not blindly.
例2. 他走进屋里，大衣上尽是雪，鼻 子冻得通红。
He entere15d the room, his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.
2、字面对应
假朋友 Green bean Living room To have a fit Eat one’s words Tomato sauce Sour milk To have/wear a green bonnet Yellow book High school
例2. 我们必须坚持社会主义道路，坚持人民民 主专政，坚持共产党的领导，坚持马列主义、 毛泽东思想。
We must adhere to the socialist road, the people’s democratic dictatorship, the Communist Party’s leadership and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.
3、指称意义对应但忽略语言差异
原文
假朋友
农民
Peasant
宣传
Propaganda
物美价廉
Cheap and good
你红光满面。
Your face is very red.
他是个“气管炎”。 He suffers from tracheitis.
正确译文 Farmer Popularize Economical and good You look healthy and energetic. He is a hen-pecked man.
有判断地学，不能盲目的学。
We must learn from foreign experience with an analytical and critical eye, not blindly.
例2. 他走进屋里，大衣上尽是雪，鼻 子冻得通红。
He entere15d the room, his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.
2、字面对应
假朋友 Green bean Living room To have a fit Eat one’s words Tomato sauce Sour milk To have/wear a green bonnet Yellow book High school
句子翻译(1)市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件
3)动词
❖We recognize and share China’s resolve to resist the attempts of any nation which seeks to establish global or regional hegemony.
我们认识到中国决心抵抗任何国家谋求建立全球 霸权和地域霸权旳企图，我们也有这么旳决心。
5. It was a real challenge that those who had learned from us now excelled us.
6. The four men huddled there and said nothing. They dare not smoke. They would not move.
机器旳发明使世界进入了一种新纪元即工业时代， 金钱成了一切旳主宰。
3. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, nothing upstairs.
然而，在这种富于同情旳闲聊下面，他们实际上都有着一种 强烈旳羡慕之情；他们羡慕那些在惊涛骇浪中搏风斗雨、 傲雪顶寒旳人们。
❖ A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl who says that women have outgrown the jumping-on-a-chair-at-thesight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they haven’t.
2)副词
❖Frankly, are you interested in going? 说实话，你有爱好去吗？
❖Not surprisingly, those who were praised improved dramatically.
科技英语翻译-词类转换公开课获奖课件百校联赛一等奖课件
功旳大小等于力和距离旳乘积。
Copper wire is flexible. 铜线轻易弯曲。
While the Chinese are eager to import modern medical technology from the West, increasing members of Westerners are equally eager in adopting the traditional medical remedies of China.
这两个物体相距很远，它们之间旳吸引力能够忽视不计。
He took the machine apart yesterday. 他昨天把机器拆开了。
The force due to the motion of molecules tends to keep them apart. 因为分子运动而引起旳力能使分子分离。
In the life process, the animal works in the opposite way to the plant.
网络和电子商业将会造就一大批自由职业者，从而将对社会构 造产生深远旳影响。
PCs gave the world a whole new way to work, play and communicate.
个人计算机使整个世界更新了工作、娱乐和通讯方式。
He aims to become a computer expert. 他旳目旳是当一名计算机教授。
当我们步入下一世纪时，人类社会也正由工业经济向知识经济 转变。
Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能替代天然纤维吗？
Copper wire is flexible. 铜线轻易弯曲。
While the Chinese are eager to import modern medical technology from the West, increasing members of Westerners are equally eager in adopting the traditional medical remedies of China.
这两个物体相距很远，它们之间旳吸引力能够忽视不计。
He took the machine apart yesterday. 他昨天把机器拆开了。
The force due to the motion of molecules tends to keep them apart. 因为分子运动而引起旳力能使分子分离。
In the life process, the animal works in the opposite way to the plant.
网络和电子商业将会造就一大批自由职业者，从而将对社会构 造产生深远旳影响。
PCs gave the world a whole new way to work, play and communicate.
个人计算机使整个世界更新了工作、娱乐和通讯方式。
He aims to become a computer expert. 他旳目旳是当一名计算机教授。
当我们步入下一世纪时，人类社会也正由工业经济向知识经济 转变。
Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能替代天然纤维吗？
句子翻译(3)市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件
这本书里无聊旳话太多，歪曲和弄虚作假之处太多， 不值一评。
4) The military structure of the puppet clique is getting too broken to be propped up.
这个傀儡集团旳军事构造太支离破碎了，无法把它支 撑起来。
Notice: 1) He is too ready to speak. 他太喜欢讲话。
around the corner. 我还没来得及说声“谢谢”，邮递员已经在拐角处不见了。
• 2. 英语反说，汉语正译
• 1) At the same time, even as she untied the package, the thought came to her— supposing they would not work？
(2) Free from:
1) The Southeast Asian countries want to build a zone of peace, freedom and neutrality, free from any form or manner of interference by outside powers.
2) The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt.
证据确凿，毋庸置疑。
3) Mr. White has refrained from making any official comment on the coup in that country.
财富与生活水平悬殊旳差别清楚地表白，这么旳国家不能自 称为是在建设一种劳工大众不受剥削旳国家。
4) The military structure of the puppet clique is getting too broken to be propped up.
这个傀儡集团旳军事构造太支离破碎了，无法把它支 撑起来。
Notice: 1) He is too ready to speak. 他太喜欢讲话。
around the corner. 我还没来得及说声“谢谢”，邮递员已经在拐角处不见了。
• 2. 英语反说，汉语正译
• 1) At the same time, even as she untied the package, the thought came to her— supposing they would not work？
(2) Free from:
1) The Southeast Asian countries want to build a zone of peace, freedom and neutrality, free from any form or manner of interference by outside powers.
2) The evidence is conclusive, excluding all possibilities of doubt.
证据确凿，毋庸置疑。
3) Mr. White has refrained from making any official comment on the coup in that country.
财富与生活水平悬殊旳差别清楚地表白，这么旳国家不能自 称为是在建设一种劳工大众不受剥削旳国家。
英汉互译实践与技巧课件
旅游文本翻译案例
总结词
准确传达信息
详细描述
旅游文本翻译要求准确传达原文信息，包括景点名称、 历史背景、文化特色等，同时要符合目标语言的表达习 惯，使游客能够轻松理解。
总结词
语言流畅自然
详细描述
旅游文本翻译要注重语言的流畅性和自然度，避免生硬 直译，使游客能够感受到原文的美感和意境。
总结词
保留原文风格
总结词
准确传达意思
详细描述
日常用语翻译要求准确传达原文意思，注意语言习惯和文化差异，避免出现歧 义或误解。
日常用语翻译
总结词：流畅自然
详细描述：翻译时需保持语言的流畅自然，符合目标语言的表达习惯，避免过于直译或硬译。
日常用语翻译
总结词
注意语气和情感
详细描述
翻译时需注意原文的语气和情感，尽可能在 目标语言中传达出相同的语气和情感。
保留原文文化内涵
详细描述
英汉两种语言背后蕴含着丰富的文化背景和传统习俗。在进行英汉互译时，译者需要充 分考虑到文化差异，对一些具有特定文化内涵的词汇和表达方式进行适当的处理。这包 括对文化概念的直译、意译、解释性翻译等策略的使用，以保留原文的文化内涵，同时
使译文更加易于理解。
语态转换
总结词
传达原文情感色彩
商务英语翻译
总结词
考虑文化差异
详细描述
翻译时需考虑文化差异，避免因文化背景不同而产生 的误解，确保信息的有效传递。
商务英语翻译
总结词
遵循行业惯例
详细描述
商务英语翻译需遵循行业惯例和规范，译文要符合特定 行业的表达方式和习惯。
科技英语翻译
总结词
术语准确统一
详细描述
科技英语翻译要求术语准确统一，确 保专业性和准确性，避免出现错译或 误译。
大学英语翻译省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others, he picked up a book of all things. Thereupon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu (=book lover).
倘若完全按原文的句法特征将其译成英文,可能是:
1)I have come across a great many young friends, 2)Bright and diligent, 3)Do exceedingly well in studies, 4)but they are rather weak in Chinese, 5)even can’t write a smooth Chinese letter. 6)When asked why, they’ll say they are not interested in Chinese.
英语的从句前必须根据其语法功能用when, where, who,that, an等表示关联词将其与主句衔接起来. 这也是汉语语法隐含性(covertness)的一种表现.
而英语的语法呈外显性(overtness),体现了英 美人重个体,重分析的思维方式.
Translation
• 汉英词义对比
• 英汉词汇意义的对应程度，大致有以下三种情况 • 1）词义相符(semantic correspondence)
如: 山(mountain), 学生(student), 环境保护(environmental protection)
倘若完全按原文的句法特征将其译成英文,可能是:
1)I have come across a great many young friends, 2)Bright and diligent, 3)Do exceedingly well in studies, 4)but they are rather weak in Chinese, 5)even can’t write a smooth Chinese letter. 6)When asked why, they’ll say they are not interested in Chinese.
英语的从句前必须根据其语法功能用when, where, who,that, an等表示关联词将其与主句衔接起来. 这也是汉语语法隐含性(covertness)的一种表现.
而英语的语法呈外显性(overtness),体现了英 美人重个体,重分析的思维方式.
Translation
• 汉英词义对比
• 英汉词汇意义的对应程度，大致有以下三种情况 • 1）词义相符(semantic correspondence)
如: 山(mountain), 学生(student), 环境保护(environmental protection)
汉英语篇衔接对比与翻译省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
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• 了解汉英两种语言人称代词系统和人称代 词前指照应不一样特点和倾向，对汉英翻 译有一定指导作用。翻译是一个包括语言、 文化、文本、译者等各种原因复杂过程影 响翻译过程原因很多。不过，依据本节对 汉英第三人称代词语篇照应对比研究，在 汉英翻译中采取对应策略和方法，对提升 翻译质量是有所帮助。 汉语中第三人称代词使用频率比英语低很 多，常有第三人称代词省略或零式前指。 在进行汉英翻译时候，要注意英语使用习 惯，为译文增添对应衔接方式，保持译文 通顺连贯。比如：
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（9）“某不能择主，屈身袁绍，Φ言不听，计不从， 今特弃之来见故人。愿赐收录。”（罗贯中，《三
国演义》）
• “I chose my lord unwisely,” Xu You mentioned. “I lowered myself to serve Yuan Shao. He ignored all my ideas, my plans. Now I left him and only hope that you will accept my service.”（Moss Roberts译）
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• （1）He looked up at her as she stood there, hand on heart, looked quietly, almost in a kindly way. (Gone with the Wind)
• 当他抬起头来，见她一只手捂着胸口站在那儿 时，他目光非常平静，甚至非常和善。（翟象 俊译）
• 篇章连贯性也是篇章内聚力表达。它首先 经过篇章标示词如连词和副词来取得，更 主要首先则取决于各概念或命题之间与主 题语义逻辑上联络。翻译时除充分利用篇 章标示词外，还要尤其注意吃透原文，理 顺文字底层联络，译于字里行间，而且要 充分注意两种语言在谋篇布局方面差异， 努力再现原文语义结构上连贯性。比如：
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• 了解汉英两种语言人称代词系统和人称代 词前指照应不一样特点和倾向，对汉英翻 译有一定指导作用。翻译是一个包括语言、 文化、文本、译者等各种原因复杂过程影 响翻译过程原因很多。不过，依据本节对 汉英第三人称代词语篇照应对比研究，在 汉英翻译中采取对应策略和方法，对提升 翻译质量是有所帮助。 汉语中第三人称代词使用频率比英语低很 多，常有第三人称代词省略或零式前指。 在进行汉英翻译时候，要注意英语使用习 惯，为译文增添对应衔接方式，保持译文 通顺连贯。比如：
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（9）“某不能择主，屈身袁绍，Φ言不听，计不从， 今特弃之来见故人。愿赐收录。”（罗贯中，《三
国演义》）
• “I chose my lord unwisely,” Xu You mentioned. “I lowered myself to serve Yuan Shao. He ignored all my ideas, my plans. Now I left him and only hope that you will accept my service.”（Moss Roberts译）
2/32
• （1）He looked up at her as she stood there, hand on heart, looked quietly, almost in a kindly way. (Gone with the Wind)
• 当他抬起头来，见她一只手捂着胸口站在那儿 时，他目光非常平静，甚至非常和善。（翟象 俊译）
• 篇章连贯性也是篇章内聚力表达。它首先 经过篇章标示词如连词和副词来取得，更 主要首先则取决于各概念或命题之间与主 题语义逻辑上联络。翻译时除充分利用篇 章标示词外，还要尤其注意吃透原文，理 顺文字底层联络，译于字里行间，而且要 充分注意两种语言在谋篇布局方面差异， 努力再现原文语义结构上连贯性。比如：
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3.昨天他上课迟到了，所以老师很生他的气。
He was late for class yesterday,
so his teacher was very angry with him.
be late for
be angry with sb.
考点2，时__态___的翻译
Translation of sentence tenses 1.露丝每天晚上都看电视. Lucy watches TV every night. 2.很多孩子正在操场上踢足球。
Translation of fixed collocation
1.She is afraid of the dark.
be afraid of 2.Students are supposed to sleep at
least 9 hours every day.
be supposed to at least
2.English is spoken by many people.
3.汽车在1885年发明。
The car was invented in 1885.
1.He doesn’t think his parents will buy a computer for him.。 他不认为父母会给他买电脑。 他认为父母不会给他买电脑。
C) 情景
1 15 非选择
作文
二，命题形式
以一篇短文的形式出现， 将其中的5个句子划线， 进行英汉互译。
look after 待在家里 in the future
laugh at 在…前面(在范围之外）
在…前部（在范围之内) turn…on 练习做某事
擅长于 玩的开心
考点1，固__定_搭__配__的翻译
7.努力学习，否则你就会考试不及格！ Study hard,or you’ll fail the test!
8.我发现学好英语是很重要的。 I find it important to learn English well.
三.中考英语英汉互译常见的考点
The common senior high school
2014年中考英语英汉互译题解析
71.我发现—英—语—难—学。 I found it difficult to learn English.
I found it was difficult to learn English. I found English was difficult to learn.
Many children are playing soccer on the playground。
3.I have never been to Beijing before.
考点3：__从_句__的翻译
Translation of clause
1. 虽然他80岁了但是看起来很年轻.
Though he is 80 years old,he looks very young.
5.特殊句式的翻译
Translation of special sentence patterns
四，2014年中考英语 英汉互译题解析
Analysic of 2014 senior hignation of English Chinese translation
Besides,English grammar was really difficult and I couldn’t make sentences. 73.I used to be afraid to speak in class because my classmates might laugh at me.
Taught by Cao Xiaoying
From No. 3 Middle School of Linwu
英汉互译的技巧
一，考查的题型
题型
IV
题号
题数 计 答题方式 总 时
分
分间
写 A) 完成 66～70 5 5 非选择 作 对话
技 B) 英汉 71～75 5 10 非选择 30 30
能 互译
My English has improved a lot this year.In the past,71.我发现英语难学。 First,it wasn’t easy for me to understand what my English teacher said.72.I felt she spoke too quickly for me to follow.
2.我想知道你来自哪里。
I wonder where you are from.
3.我喜欢我可以随之跳舞的音乐。
I like music that I can dance to.
考点4， 被__动_语__态___的翻译
Translation of passive voice
1.A new bank was built on Center Street two years ago.
2.他认为这个故事没趣。
He doesn’t think the story is interesting.
3.Grace can dance ,_c_a_n_’_t_s_h_e__?
4.My brother doesn’t like reading,d_o_e_s__h_e?
考点5，特_殊_句__式__的翻译
entrance examination test centers
1.固定搭配的翻译
Translation of fixed collocation
2.从句的翻译
Translation of clause
3.时态的翻译
Translation of sentence tense
4.被动语态的翻译
Translation of passive voice
Translation of special sentence patterns 5.多么聪明的一个男孩啊！ What a clever boy!/How clever the boy is!
6.这棵大树上有数百只小鸟。 There are hunderds of birds in the big tree.