美国第41任总统 乔治·赫伯特·沃克·布什就职演说

美国第41任总统 乔治·赫伯特·沃克·布什就职演说
美国第41任总统 乔治·赫伯特·沃克·布什就职演说

就职演说

1989年1月20日首席大法官先生①,总统先生②,奎尔③副总统,米切尔④参议员,赖特⑤议长,多尔⑥参议员,米歇尔⑦众议员,同胞们,邻友们,朋友们:

①指威廉·H·伦奎斯特。他于1986年出任联邦最高法院首席大法官。

②指第四十任总统罗纳德·威尔逊·里根。

③詹姆斯·丹福思·奎尔,曾任国会众议员、参议员,1988年作为布什的竞选伙伴当选副总统。

④乔治·约翰·米切尔,国会民主党参议员,当时为参议院多数党领袖。

⑤小詹姆斯·克劳德·赖特,1957—1959年任众议院议长。

⑥罗伯特·J·多尔,国会参议员。

⑦罗伯特·亨利·米歇尔,国会共和党众议员,当时为众议院少数党领袖。

我们这里有一位人士,他在我们的心中和我国历史上赢得了永久的地位。里根总统,我谨代表我国人民向你致谢,感谢你对美国作出的杰出贡献。

刚才,我逐字逐句地重复了乔治·华盛顿二百年前宣读过的誓词,我的手所按的也正是他当年按过的那部《圣经》。今天,我们应当纪念华盛顿,这不仅是因为今天这次典礼乃是我国首任总统就职二百周年的纪念,同时也是因为华盛顿仍然是我们的国父。我想他的在天之灵一定会为今天而感到高兴,因为今天具体体现了一个令人振奋的事实——我国政府自成立以来的二百年里,一直保持着连续性。

今天,我们相聚于民主大厦①的前门走廊,这是一个我们以邻居和朋友的身分进行交谈的好地方。因为今天我国人民变成了一个整体,我们的分歧也得以暂时搁置。而我作为总统的第一个举动,就是要进行祈祷。我请各位低下头来:

①指国会大厦。

“在天的父啊,我们俯首向您致谢,感谢您的垂爱。请接受我们的谢意吧,我们感谢促成今日盛典的安宁徉和局面,庆幸我们拥有使这种局面永世长存的共同

信念。让我们变得强大有力以完成您的使命吧,我们愿意关注和听从您的意旨,

把…御力以助人?这一蔑言铭刻在心头。因为我们被赋予力量,并不是为了实现我们

自己的目标,也不是为了在世界上大肆炫耀,更不是为了追逐浮名。正当运用力

量的途径只有一条,那就是服务于人民。主啊,佑助我们牢记这些吧。阿门。”

在这个充满希望的时刻,我来到各位面前,就任总统之职。我们生活在一个安宁、繁荣的时代,但我们有能力使之变得更加美好。因为一股新的轻风正在吹拂,一个经过自由洗礼的新世界看来已经获得新生;因为独裁者的时代即便没有在事实上终结,它在人们的内心则已成为陈迹。极权主义的时代正在逝去,其过时观念就像一棵古老衰朽之树的叶片,已随风飘零。

一股新的轻风正在吹拂,经过自由洗礼的全国人民已经做好出发的准备。新的阵地有待我们去占领,新的行动有待我们去着手。有时未来似乎为重重迷雾所遮蔽;于是人们就坐下来等待,盼望迷雾自行散去,正确的道路会清晰地出现在脚下。

但在这个时代,未来就像一扇打开的门,人们可以直接穿过,进入一个叫做明天的房间。世界各个大国正在经过通向自由的大门走向民主。全世界的男男女女则经过通向繁荣的大门进入市场。全世界人民正在经过通向只有自由才能赋予的道德与智性满足的大门,奋力争取言论自由和思想自由。

我们懂得发挥作用的东西是什么,那是自由;我知道正确的东西是什么,那也是自由。我们知道怎样为地球上的人类争取更为公正和繁荣的生活,那就是借助自由市场、自由言论、自由选举以及不受国家干涉地行使自由意志。

人类再也毋须发明一套赖以生存的体制,这在本世纪乃是首次,在整个历史上或许也是破天荒的第一回。我们现在用不着就何种政府形式更好这一问题进行喋喋不休的讨论。我们也用不着从什么君王那里争取正义,而只须从我们自己内部把正义召唤出来即可。

我们必须根据我们所知的事物进行活动。我把这种圣徒式的希望作为自己的行动指南——在关键的问题上,做到团结一致;在重大的问题上,允许多样性;在所有问题上,则须宽宏大量。

今天的美国乃是一个骄傲和自由的国家,庄严正派,谦和有礼,对于这样一个国度,我们怎能不十分热爱呢!我们固然不必大声张扬和自负自傲,但我们却从内心懂得一个简单的事实,即这个国家的意义决不仅限于我们所看到的一切,我们拥有的实力乃是一种向善的力量。

即便在我们这个时代,我们作为一个国家是否也发生了变化呢?我们是否已被物质层面的事物所迷惑,而不再像过去那样欣赏工作和牺牲的崇高伟大了呢?我的朋友们,我们并不等于我们所拥有财产的总和,那些东西也不能成为评价我们生活的尺度。我们在内心懂得什么是至关重要的。我们不能只希望仅仅留给自己的后代一辆更大的汽车或一笔更多的银行存款。我们应当寄希望于让他们懂得,做一个忠实的朋友意味着什么,做一个慈爱的家长意味着什么,以及做一个离别家人、邻里和家乡后仍能留下更好名声的公民意味着什么。

当我们不在某一个地方时,我们会希望那些与我们共过事的男男女女说些什么呢?是说我们比任何人都更没命地追求成功吗?或者是我们自己停下来自问一声:当一个生病的孩子已经好转,我们会稍停片刻同他友好地交谈几句吗?

任何总统、任何政府都不能教导我们应记住什么东西对我们是最好的。但是,你们推选出来领导这个政府的人,如果能够发挥一定的作用,如果他会赞美那些不是由金银而是由更美好的心灵构成的平静而深刻的成功,如果他能做到这些事情,那他就应当去做。

美国若不奉行崇高的道德准则,就永远无法实现自身的完善。今天,我们作为一个民族,就具有这样一个目标。这个目标旨在使我们国家的面貌变得更加仁厚善良,使这个世界的面貌变得更加温文尔雅。

我的朋友们,我们有许多事情要做。有些人无家可归,已经迷失方向,正在四处徘徊。有些孩子失去了一切,既没有亲人之爱,也无法享有正常的生活。有些人则无法摆脱各种个人癖好的奴役,他们沉溺于吸毒、依赖救济为生,或沾染上各种肆虐于贫民窟的堕落习气。有不少犯罪行为有待于制压,譬如那些大街上的粗暴罪行。还有一些年轻的妇女①需要帮助,她们就要做母亲了,但对自己将要出生的孩子不是无法照顾,就是可能不会加以爱护。他们需要我们去关心,去引导,去进行教育,尽管我们衷心祝福他们选择合适的生活。

①指未婚怀孕的妇女。

过去的解决办法和过去的途径,是片面相信政府的公共开支即可消除这些问题。但我们已经了解到,情况并非如此。而且不论怎样说,我们的资金总是有限的。我们还要削减赤字。②我们的愿望总是超过我们钱袋的支付能力,而愿望又正是我们所需要的东西。

②参见本书第446页注释④和第461页注释①。

我们要做出艰难的决择,对我们拥有的东西细加盘算,或许还要进行重新配置,使我们的决策立足于真正的需要和审慎的安全之上。于是我们要做一件最为明智的事情,那就是求助于美国人民的善良品质和无畏勇气,这乃是我们所拥有的、在需要之时能够不断增长的唯一资源。

我现在倡导重新关心他人的生活,倡导一种新的积极行动精神,大家动手,全力投入,以期大功告成。我们应当把不同年龄层的人都吸收进来,发挥老年人的未尽之才,调动年轻人未用在正处的精力。因为代代相传的不仅是领导职位,而且还有对国家事务的管理。

而且,第二次世界大战后出生的一代人也已经成年。

我已谈及千万盏明灯的作用,也就是那些星罗棋布于全国各地、正在从事有益工作的所有社区组织。我们要携手工作,鼓足勇气,或发挥领导作用,或服从领导,这样就必能有所收获。我们在白宫、在各内阁机构都要致力于此。我会到人民中间去,发起一些更有意义的项目,我也会要求本政府的所有成员参与其事。履行义务、作出牺牲、实践承诺以及爱国精神这些古老的观念,又获得了新的生机,因为它们并不陈旧,而是超越时间的,它们都会在人们的参与和奋斗中得到体现。

在政府的行政部门和国会之间,我们也需要达成一项新的约定。只要白宫和参、众两院协同努力,我们面临的挑战就会被一扫而光。我们必须使联邦预算恢复平衡。我们还应当保证美国在全世界面前显得团结一致,坚如磐石,爱好和平,而且财政健全。当然,事情不会是一帆风顺的。

我们需要妥协让步,因为我们之间有过纷争不和;我们需要和睦相处,因为我们当中存在过激烈的意见分歧。在我们这个时代,就是国会也发生了变化,其中发生了一定程度的分化,我们曾经看到人们怒气满面,听到人们发表各种声明,这些声明所体现的并不是不同观点的较量,而是各自动机的争执。①而且我们的两大党②通常处于互不往来和互不信任的状态。

①在第四十任总统罗纳德·威尔逊·里根当政时期,行政部门与国会经常为一些意识形态方面的问题发生争执。

②指共和党和民主党。

自越南战争③以来,情形就一直如此。这场战争至今仍使我们发生分裂。但是,朋友们,这场战争始于足足二十五年以前,而且肯定已经达到了法律所能允许的极限。事实是我们从越南战争中得出了一条最后的教训,这就是任何大国都无法长期承受由记忆的阴影所造成的分裂。

③详见本书第411页注释①。

一股清风正在吹拂,原来的两党制①也必须更新。

①详见本书第458页注释①。

我要向那些忠诚的反对派朋友们伸出我的手。是的,我的意思的确是说,他们虽然处于反对派地位,但忠诚于我们的国家,因而仍是我的朋友。议长先生②,我把我的手向你伸出;多数党领袖先生③,我也正向你伸出我的手。因为事情就是这样——我们处于一个握手言和的时代。我们无法使时钟倒转,我也不想这样。但是,议长先生,当我们的父辈年轻之时,我们的分歧仅限于对外事务方面。我们也不希望让时光倒流,但是,多数党领袖先生,我们的母亲年轻之时,国会和行政部门能够一起合作,共同制订我国得以生存的预算方案。让我们迅速而努力地进行协商,但最终我们需要得出结果。④

②指小詹姆斯·克劳德·赖特。

③指乔治·约翰·米切尔。

④布什上任时,民主党乃是国会的多数党,所以他极力谋求两党合作,以改变第四十任总统罗纳德·威尔逊·里根时期的冲突与不和。

美国人民在等待我们采取行动。他们把我们派到这里,不是要我们相互斗嘴争吵。他们要求我们超越纯粹的党派立场。我说过,在关键问题上我们要团结一致,朋友们,这个就是关键的问题。

对于世界各国,我们也提出新的约定,做出新的保证:我们会保持强大的实力以捍卫和平。“握手言和的手”实际乃是一只不愿捏拢的拳头,而这只拳头一旦捏拢,就会十分有力,在运用当中也会产生极大的效力。

今天,仍有美国人被违心地羁留在异国他乡,也有一些美国人下落不明。在这里援助的意义就能得到显示,并且会被人们长久地铭记。善有善报,美好的信仰能像一只从不停

转的螺旋钻,不断地向前推进。

常言道,“大国如同伟人,应当格守诺言”。美国一旦说了什么,便是真当一回事的,不论其形式是一项条约、一个协定或是在这大理石的台阶上做出的保证。我们将永远力求言辞清楚明白,因为坦率乃是一种值得赞美的东西。但巧妙同样有其价值,应当占有一席之地。

我们要在全世界加强与盟友的关系,发展友谊,使之永远牢不可破;在此同时我们将继续密切与苏联的联系,①使之符合我国安全和进步的要求。有人或许会说,我们这种新的关系部分地反映了希望和实力对经验的胜利。但希望总是美好的,实力和警惕也是一样。

①自1985年米哈依·戈尔巴乔夫出任苏联共产党总书记后,苏联对外政策发生重大变化,美苏关系也由强硬对抗逐渐转向缓和与合作,并举行了多次最高级会晤。

今天在场的我国公民成千上万,他们都感到,那些已加入民主行列并且看到自己的希望得以实现的人们所抱有的喜悦心情,是完全可以理解的。但过去几天以来,我却一直在想着那些正在家里观礼的人们,想着那种见到国旗就会自动行礼的老人,想着那种会把战歌的词句传授给自己儿子的妇女。我并不以为这是感情用事。我的意思不过是说,在像现在这样的日子里,我们要牢记我们都是一个有机整体的组成部分,都不可避免地为一条纽带所连结起来。

全国各地的孩子们都在学校观看这一典礼。我要对他们说,感谢你们观看民主的盛况。因为民主属于我们大家,而自由则像一只美丽的风筝,能够随着微风越飞越高。我还要对所有的人说,无论你们处境如何以及身在何处,你们都是今天的一部分,你们都是我们伟大祖国生活的一部分。

一个总统既不是什么王子,也不是什么教皇,因而我并不奢望看透“人的心灵之窗”。

①实际上我渴望更大的宽容,盼望人们相互之间在态度和生活方式方面更加易于相处。

①意即通过人的眼睛了解其内心活动。

我们作为一个社会,对少数几个界线清楚的问题,必须同心同德地加以对待,明确表示决不宽容。目前,这其中最突出的就是毒品问题。当那第一包可卡因通过船只走私入境时,就不含是给我们带来了致命的病菌,它对我国人民的身体和灵魂的危害毫不亚于此。对此要做和要说的都很多,但请记住我的话:这种灾害必将被制止!

因此,要做的事情很多。明天我们就要开始工作了。我既不是不相信未来,也不害怕前面的事物。因为我们的各种问题固然很大,但我们的心胸更大;我们的挑战固然十分强大,但我们的意志更为强大;而且,如果说我们的缺点没完没了,上帝之爱则更是无边无际。

有人把领导艺术比作一出大戏,比作召唤人们行动的号音。有时确实如此。但在我看来,历史乃是一部有着许多篇页的书,每一天我们都要用充满希望和富有意义的行动写下一页。

清风徐徐吹拂,历史的一页已经翻动,故事也就此展开了。因此,今天就是一章的开头,这个故事虽小但却十分庄严,它是一个团结一致、多样并存和宽宏大量的故事,是一个我们共同分享和一起写下的故事。

谢谢各位!上帝保佑你们,上帝保佑美利坚合众国!

(梁鸿鹰译李剑鸣校)

美国历届总统就职演说词(George Bush)

Inaugural Address of George Bush FRIDAY, JANUARY 20, 1989 Mr. Chief Justice, Mr. President, Vice President Quayle, Senator Mitchell, Speaker Wright, Senator Dole, Congressman Michel, and fellow citizens, neighbors, and friends: There is a man here who has earned a lasting place in our hearts and in our history. President Reagan, on behalf of our Nation, I thank you for the wonderful things that you have done for America. I have just repeated word for word the oath taken by George Washington 200 years ago, and the Bible on which I placed my hand is the Bible on which he placed his. It is right that the memory of Washington be with us today, not only because this is our Bicentennial Inauguration, but because Washington remains the Father of our Country. And he would, I think, be gladdened by this day; for today is the concrete expression of a stunning fact: our continuity these 200 years since our government began. We meet on democracy's front porch, a good place to talk as neighbors and as friends. For this is a day when our nation is made whole, when our differences, for a moment, are suspended. And my first act as President is a prayer. I ask you to bow your heads: Heavenly Father, we bow our heads and thank You for Your love. Accept our thanks for the peace that yields this day and the shared faith that makes its continuance likely. Make us strong to do Your work, willing to heed and hear Your will, and write on our hearts these words: "Use power to help people." For we are given power not to advance our own purposes, nor to make a great show in the world, nor a name. There is but one just use of power, and it is to serve people. Help us to remember it, Lord. Amen. I come before you and assume the Presidency at a moment rich with promise. We live in a peaceful, prosperous time, but we can make it better. For a new breeze is blowing, and a world refreshed by freedom seems reborn; for in man's heart, if not in fact, the day of the dictator is over. The totalitarian era is passing, its old ideas blown away like leaves from an ancient, lifeless tree. A new breeze is blowing, and a nation refreshed by freedom stands ready to push on. There is new ground to be broken, and new action to be taken. There are times when the future seems thick as a fog; you sit and wait, hoping the mists will lift and reveal the right

肯尼迪总统就职演说(中英文)

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