英语句子种类与类型
句子种类和类型
Sentence II
浙江宁波华茂外国语学校 薛洪波
a
1
英语句子种类与类型
纲 提 I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句 II、句子类型（按句子结构分）
简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
a
2
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
a
7
4）反义疑问句 问：+，-？或-，+？ 答：+，+. 或-，-.
I
1.Tom hardly knows French, ______ ______? 2.—Mary didn't fail her exam, did she?
a
4
I
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择
疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或
no，注意语序。
类、
Have you anything to say?
句
Did someone phone you understand it?
类、 句 子 种
9.There is no doubt() about it, ______ ______ ?
10.Anna hasn’t got to go to school on Sunday, ______ she?
a
9
3、祈使句
表达命令、要求、请求、劝告等，用原形。
I
1）带第二人称的祈使句 Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!
高三英语语法句子种类与类型
1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否 定式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。
I
She arrived early.
She cannot have arrived now.
、 句
注：1）半否定句
子
I hardly know anything about it.
种 类
2）部分否定句与全否定句
I
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择 疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。
、 句
Have you anything to say?
子
种
Did someone phone me last night?
类
Can’t you understand it?
句
（2）倒装语序
子
种
Who are you talking about?
类
注：A、简略式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking a rest?
B、复杂特殊疑问句
What do you think he has done?
3）选择疑问句
I
(1)以一般疑问句为基础
、
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
句
子
Shall I help you or can you manage?
种
类
(2)以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you prefer, red wine or white? How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
英语句子五种基本句型
特别提示： 作状语时，是用现在分词还是用过去分词， 取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。 过去分词作状语，与句子主语之间在逻辑上 是动宾关系；现在分词作状语，句子主语与 它之间在逻辑上是主谓关系。
4. 独立成分作状语 有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不 受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。 常见的有： generally speaking... 一般说来…… frankly speaking... 坦白地说…… to be honest/frank 坦白说 judging from/by... 根据……来判断 considering... 考虑到…… believe it or not 信不信由你
五、主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补 足语 They made him their monitor. We consider him very capable. They call her Anne.
句子成份练习
1、You should study hard. 3、The boy told me his story. 5、The sun keeps us warm.
句子类型
句子种类两种分类法
1、按句子的用途可分四种：
1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：
He is six years old.
She didn’t hear of you before.
2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：
Do they like skating?
How old is he?
Is he six or seven years old?
简单句的五种基本句型：
一、主语＋不及物动词
Spring is coming.
This factory opened in 1989.
英语句子种类
My deskmate often makes me laugh.
常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有： 一感二听三让五看” feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe V + O + OC (V sb do sth)
英语句子基本成分示意图
宾语 宾语 宾补 宾语(间) 宾语(直) Vi（不及物动词）
表语
系动词
I like the golden eagle.
It has a hooked beak.
It looks strong.
It is lovely.
S
S
S
S
V
V
linking verbs(系动词)
for, so, therefore, thus
or, otherwise, either…or
练习：用适当的连词填空
1.August is the time of the year for harvesting , ________every day I work from dawn until dark. 2.He is a basketball fan,____ his wife is a volleyball fan. 3.Honey is sweet,_____ the bee stings. 4.Don’t be late, ______there is a meeting. 5.Hurry up, ____you’ll be late. 6.He works hard ______his brother is a lazy bone. 7.He was enjoying his KFC _____ a friend came.
句子的种类英语基础语法汇总
句子的种类英语基础语法汇总句子的类型句子可以从不同的角度进行分类。
按照句子的语气,句子可分为陈述句、祈使句、感叹句、疑问句四种,一般称为句类。
以下是小编整理的句子的种类英语基础语法汇总，希望大家喜欢。
(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1) 陈述句(Declarative Sentences)：说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound. 光比声速度快。
(说明事实)The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。
(说明看法)2) 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences)：提出问题。
有以下四种：a. 一般疑问句(General Questions)：Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗?b. 特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions)：Where do you live? 你住那儿?How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions)：Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡?d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)：He doesn't know her, does he?他不认识她，对不对?3) 祈使句(Imperative Sentences)：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：Sit down, please. 请坐。
Don't be nervous! 别紧张!4) 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类：1) 简单句(Simple Sentences)：只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句，例如：She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。
高三英语语法句子种类与类型
I 、 句 子 种 类
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today. (believe, expect, suppose,imagine)
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择 疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。
、 句 子 种 类
How clever a boy he is!
************* What a dirty room, ______ ______? What interesting films, ______ ______?
5、 k on the table. Once there lived a king called Lear. There goes the bell!
、 句 子 种 类
How/What about taking a rest?
B、复杂特殊疑问句 What do you think he has done?
3）选择疑问句
(1)以一般疑问句为基础
I 、 句 子 种 类
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
（1）名词性从句
主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名 词性从句。
宾语从句注意事项：引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态。
主语/表语/同位从句注意事项：引导词、语序、语态。 注意：1、whether与if的区别； 2、陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一 般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变
Don’t you forget it.(强调)
Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn’ you? 2）带第一、三人称的祈使句 Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go. Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…
高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识点
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类（按照用途分类）1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。
）具体知识：1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句（The Affirmative Sentence）和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型：(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1）．What(＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！2）．How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！3）．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
英语句子种类与类型
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
4）反义疑问句
问：+，-？或-，+？
答：+，+. 或-，-.
1.Tom hardly knows French, ______ ______?
2.—Mary didn't fail her exam, did she?
宾语
主 语
简单句基本句型实例
主语 ＋ 不及物动词 She came．/ My head aches. 主语 ＋ 及物动词 ＋ 宾语 She likes English. 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋ 主语补语(表语） She is happy． 主语 ＋ 双宾动词 ＋ 间接宾语 ＋ 直接宾语 She gave John a book． She bought a book for me. 主语 ＋ 宾补动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry． The teacher asked me to read the passage. There +be There is a book on the desk.
---______, she didn‘t.
3.You needn’t come, ______ you?
You need to come, ______ you? 4.He had a big time there, ______ he? He had a car, ______ he? We hardly have to get up early, ______ we?
5.He used to live in Leeds, ______ he?
4）反义疑问句