论我国正当防卫制度的不足与完善

成人高等教育

毕业设计（论文）

题目论我国正当防卫制度的不足与完善学院______ _文法学院__________专业___________法学 ___________年级___________2008级 ___________姓名___________陈俊先 ___________指导教师_________钟莉____________

（2010年6月）

广东工业大学继续教育学院制

论我国正当防卫制度的不足与完善

摘要：与旧刑法相比，新刑法在正当防卫制度做了较大幅度的修改。例如，将1979年刑法规定的正当防卫保护对象，由原来“公共利益、本人或者他人的人和其他权利”扩大为“国家、公共利益、本人或他人的人身、财产和其他权利”。又如，将1979年刑法防卫过当“超过必要限度造成危害的”修改为“明显超过必要限度造成重大损害的”。再如，新刑法在旧刑法正当防卫的内容基础上，增加了无限防卫权的规定。这一系列的修改，将国家利益、人民群众的财产权益纳入正当防卫的保护范围的同时，对防卫过当所需承担的刑事责任作进一步的明确与限制，打消人们的顾虑，提高了人民群众参与维护社会稳定，打击犯罪活动的积极性。但是，新刑法的正当防卫制度仍存大不少问题。例如对什么是暴力，什么是行凶等名词的定义未明晰。司法实践中如何合理划分防卫制度，如何界定防卫时机。这些问题法条及司法解释都未作明确界定。然而，这些问题却关系到能否正确适用法条，保护当事人的合法权利。

关键词：正当防卫、防卫限度、防卫时机、无限防卫权

China and perfecting the system of self-defence

Author:Chen Jun Xian

Tutor:Zhong Li

Abstract:And the criminal law, the new criminal law system in self-defense has done remarkable changes. for example：Will 1979 the criminal law, to self-defense of protection from the public interest, himself or others, and other rights of the state and public interest, himself or another's person, property and other rights ". As the criminal law and 1979 to have" over the limits of the need to create a hazard to amend "," exceeding the limits for causing substantial damage ". Further examples, the new criminal law in criminal law defend the contents of the foundation, an increase in the right to defense regulations. This series of amendments to the national interest, people's property rights and interests of self-defence under the protection of the scope, to have to accept criminal responsibility for further specific restrictions, and people with respect to the people involved in maintaining social stability and combat crime. However, to self-defense of the new penal institutions are in great many questions. As to what is the violence, what is the definition of crimes, not clearly? The judicial practice, how reasonable defense system is divided, how to define members of the time. These problems existing legal and judicial interpretations are an explicit definition. However, these problems related to the correct application of the law, protect the legitimate rights of the litigants.

Key word:self-defense、limit of defense、opportunity of defense、right of boundless defense

目录

绪论 (1)

一、相关概念的界定 (1)

（一）暴力 (1)

（二）行凶 (2)

二、实践中正当防卫制度存在的问题 (4)

（一）防卫限度的界定不明确 (4)

（二）防卫时机的界定不明晰 (5)

（三）无限防卫权制度存在缺陷 (7)

1、条文含义相互矛盾 (7)

2、无限防卫权的适用范围过窄 (7)

三、完善正当防卫制度的建议 (9)

（一）明晰相关名词的概念 (9)

（二）明确正当防卫与防卫过当的界定 (9)

（三）适当扩大无限防卫权的适用范围 (10)

（四）司法部门之间要统一认识 (10)

结论 (10)

致谢 (12)

参考文献 (12)