英汉互译
英汉互译
red letter day：指的是“纪念日”或“喜庆的日子”。
red figure：赤字red ink：赤字in the red：亏损red-ink entry：赤字分录red balance：赤字差额good luck:红运dividen: 红利wedding: 红事red wine :红酒red ruin 火灾red battle 血战red sky 彩霞red flag红旗brown sugar红糖black tea红茶honour roll红榜love pea红豆a yellow dog 可鄙的人，卑鄙的人 a yellow livered 胆小鬼Yellow Pages 黄页Yellow Book 黄皮书yellow boy （俗）金币green with envy，green as jealousy，green-eyed monster:十分嫉妒blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁苦闷”，如：blue-eyed boys：受到管理当局宠爱和特别照顾的职工a blue moon：千载难逢的机会；绝无可能out of blue 意想不到once in a blue 千载难逢drink till all’s blue 一醉方休blue-sky market：露天市场blue-collar workers：从事体力劳动的工人blue chip：热门证券blue button：喻指有权进入股票交易的经纪人blue-sky law：蓝法blue sky bargaining：漫天讨价white war：没有硝烟的战争，常指“经济竞争”white goods：指的是体积大、单价高的家用电器用具white money：银币white coal：水力white sale：大减价the white way：白光大街black in the face 脸色铁青黑心evil mind 黑手evil backstage manipulator 黑幕inside story黑线 a sinister line害群之马black sheep 凶日black day暗淡的前途black future怒目而视to look black at someoneblack money：黑钱black market：黑市交易或黑市black market price：黑市价格black figure / in the black：盈利、赚钱、顺差black figure nation：国际收支顺差国interest in the black：应收利息red ink 赤字in the black 盈利grey market：半黑市grey area：灰色地区black and blue 青一块紫一块办公室职员office staff 办公室主任office administrator归国留学生returned student 正教授full professor 讲师lecturer; instructor助教assistant (teacher) 保送生student by recommendation博士生导师doctoral advisor 大学本科生undergraduate (student)化验员chemical analyst 技师, 技术员technician 检验员inspector 建筑师architect院士academician 助理工程师assistant engineer 编辑editor 主编editor in chief高级编辑; 编审senior editor 翻译translator; interpreter节目主持人anchor在职研究生in-service graduate student 研究员research fellow副研究员associate research fellowas timid as a hare 胆小如鼠at a stone's throw一箭之遥wet like a drown rat湿如落汤鸡as stupid as a goose蠢得像猪as stubborn as a mule 犟得像牛 have a wolf by the ears 骑虎难下to be out at elbows 捉襟见肘at one’s wit’s end 山穷水尽a velvet paw 笑里藏刀to find a quarrel in a straw 吹毛求疵Give a dog an ill name and hang him. 欲加之罪，何患无辞。
常见英汉互译
Not so bad. 不错。
No way! 不可能！
Don't flatter me. 过奖了。
Hope so. 希望如此。
Go down to business. 言归正传。
I'm not going. 我不去了。
Does it serve your purpose？ 对你有用吗？
I am all ears. 我洗耳恭听。
Right over there. 就在那里。
Get an eyeful. 看个够。
Here we are! 我们到了！
I lost my way. 我迷路了
Say hello to everybody for me. 替我向大家问好。
Not precisely! 不见得，不一定！
Tell me when! 随时奉陪！
It is a small world! 世界真是小！
Not at all. 根本就不（用）。
Let's play it by ear. 让我们随兴所至。
Wait and see. 等着瞧。
Why so blue？ 怎么垂头丧气？
What brought you here？ 什么风把你吹来了？
Talk truly. 有话直说。
I'm going to go. 我這就去。
Never mind. 不要緊。
Why are you so sure？ 怎么这样肯定？
Is that so？ 是这样吗？
Come on, be reasonable. 嗨，你怎么不讲道理。
When are you leaving？ 你什么时候走？
英汉互译-语义翻译
负债
跑掉-流畅的写出（背出）
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英汉互译
Run out Run over Run through Run up Run to seed Run for presidency Run to sb’s aid Run aground Run wild
JRJ6
跑过-满出，溢出 跑过，穿过-贯穿
跑上去-迅速积累（债款等）
4) The dinner cost us five dollars a head.
这顿饭花去我们每人5块钱.
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16 JRJ
英汉互译
5) Prick with the head of a needle.
用针尖挑。
6) He was standing at the head of the staircase. 他 站在楼梯的顶端。 7〉 Let‘s discuss the question under five heads. 让我们分5个题目来讨论这个问题。 8) The head of his bed was piled with books. 他的床头堆满了书。
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13 JRJ
英汉互译
36) 随函附上2角钱邮票1张- Enclosed herewith is a 20fen stamp. 37) 这一盘你上。 You play this game. 38) 一连上了好几道菜。Several courses were served in succession. 39) 行李还没上架。The luggage has not been put on the rack yet. 40) 我来给门上漆。Let me paint the door. 41) 这事已上了电视。It has been publicized on TV. 42) 表该上了。 The watch needs winding.
英汉互译八种技巧
注意事项
保持原文的语义和语法正确
在直译过程中，要确保译文准确地传达了原文的语义和语法，避 免出现歧义或误解。
尊重原文的文化特色
直译法要尊重原文的文化特色，尽可能保留原文的文化信息，避免 因文化差异而引起的误解。
符合目标语言的表达习惯
尽管直译法强调保持原文的形式，但译文仍需符合目标语言的表达 习惯，以使读者能够更好地理解和接受。
注意事项
准确理解原文
在运用直译与意译结合法时，首 先要准确理解原文的意思，避免
因理解错误而导致翻译错误。
灵活调整词序
在直译与意译结合的过程中，需 要根据汉语的表达习惯灵活调整 英文原句的词序，使译文更加自
然流畅。
保持原文风格
在翻译过程中，要尽量保持原文 的风格和语言特色，如比喻、修 辞等，以使译文更加贴近原文。
注意事项
加注应当符合目标语言的表达习惯和规范，避免出现 语法错误或表达不当的情况。
加注应当简洁明了，避免过多的解释和说明，以免影 响读者的阅读体验。
加注应当尽可能地保留原文的信息和意义，避免出现 信息丢失或误解的情况。
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感谢您的观看
文的含义。
符合目标语言习惯
意译法要求译文符合目标语言的表 达习惯和语法规则，避免出现生硬 或不符合规范的语言表达。
保持原意不变
意译法的核心是保持原文意思不变， 因此在翻译过程中要特别注意保持 原意的完整性和准确性，避免出现 信息的遗漏或误解。
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音意结合法
定义
• 音意结合法是指在进行英汉互译 时，将英文的发音和汉语的意义 结合起来，以达到准确传达原文 意思的目的。
和文化背景。
适用范围
当源语言与目标语言存在较大 的文化差异和语言结构差异时， 归化法可以发挥很好的作用。
常用十大英汉互译翻译技巧
常用十大翻译技巧英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。
常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。
1、增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。
这种方式多半用在汉译英里。
汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或"There be?结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。
英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。
英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。
因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。
英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。
因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。
英语句子离不开介词和冠词。
另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。
总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。
如：（1）What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？（增译主语和谓语）（2）If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句）（3）Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。
（增译名词）（4）就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。
常用语英汉互译
常用语英汉互译What are you trying to say?（你到底想说什么？）Don't be silly.（别胡闹了。
）How strong are your glasses?（你近视多少度？）Just because.（没有别的原因。
）It isn't the way I hoped it would be.（这不是我所盼望的。
）You will never guess.（你永远猜不到。
）No one could do anything about it.（众人对此束手无措。
）I saw something deeply disturbing.（深感事情不妙。
）Money is a good servant but a bad master.（要做金钱的主人，莫做金钱的奴隶。
）I am not available.（我正忙着）Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.(脑中的知识比手中的金钱更重要）Never say die.it's a piece of cake.别泄气，那只是小菜一碟。
Don't worry.you'll get use to it soon.别担心，很快你就会习惯的。
I konw how you feel.我明白你的感受。
You win some.you lose some.胜败乃兵家常事。
Don't bury your head in the sand.不要逃避现实。
I didn't expect you to such a good job.我没想到你干得这么好。
You are coming alone well.你做得挺顺利。
She is well-build.她的身材真棒。
You look neat and fresh.你看起来很清纯。
英汉互译翻译技巧
由于文化背景不同，新闻报道中可能存在一些难以理解的表达方式， 翻译时需进行适当的解释和调整。
广告翻译
01
保持原文风格
广告语言通常具有鲜明特色和风 格，翻译时需尽量保持原文的特 色和风格。
02
突出产品特点
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符合目标市场文化
在广告翻译中，需突出产品的特 点和优势，吸引目标受众的注意 力。
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英语中常用比喻和修辞手法， 需要深入理解才能准确翻译， 汉语中比喻和修辞手法相对较 少，语义较为直接。
02 翻译技巧
直译与意译
直译
直译是按照原文的词句进行翻译，不作 过多的润色和修改。适用于原文意义明 确、句法结构简单的句子。直译能够保 留原文的异国情调和语言风格。
VS
意译
意译是根据原文的大意进行翻译，对原文 进行适当的调整和改写，以符合目标语言 的表达习惯。适用于原文意义较为含蓄、 句法结构复杂的句子。意译能够使译文更 加流畅自然，易于理解。
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
句法对比
01
英语句子结构较为复杂，注重主谓宾结构，汉语句 子结构较为简单，注重意合。
02
英语中常用被动语态，汉语中常用主动语态。
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英语中常用从句和长句，汉语中常用短句和简单句。
语义对比
01
英语中一词多义现象较多，需 要结合上下文理解语义，汉语 中一词多义现象较少，语义较 为明确。
02
英语中存在大量抽象词汇，需 要结合语境理解语义，汉语中 抽象词汇相对较少，语义较为 直观。
词类转换
• 词类转换：在翻译过程中，根据目标 语言的语法规则和表达习惯，将原文 中的某个词语转换成其他类型的词语。 例如，将名词转换为动词、形容词转 换为名词等。词类转换可以使译文更 加符合目标语言的表达习惯，增强译 文的流畅性和自然度。
成语翻译(英汉互译)
繁荣昌盛thriving and prosperous爱不释手fondle admiringly爱财如命skin a flea for its hide爱屋及乌love me,love my dog He that loves the tree loves the branch 安居乐业live and work in peace and contentment白手起家build up from nothing百里挑一one in hundred百折不挠be indomitable半途而废give up halfway leave sth. Unfinished包罗万象all-embracing all-inclusive饱经风霜weather-beaten卑躬屈膝bow and scrape cringe悲欢离合vicissitudes of life背道而驰run counter to run in the opposite direction本末倒置put the cart before the horse笨鸟先飞the slow need to start early必由之路the only way闭关自守close the country to international intercourse变本加厉be further intensified变化无常chop and change fantasticality变化无常chop and change fantasticality别开生面having sth. New别有用心have ulterior motives彬彬有礼refined and courteous urbane兵不厌诈in war nothing is too deceitful博古通今erudite and informed不败之地incincible position不耻下问feel not ashamed to learn from one's subordinates不可救药be past praying for beyond redemption不劳而获reap where one has not sown不屈不挠fortitude indefatigability perseverance persevere tenacity不速之客crasher uninvited guest不同凡响outstanding不言而喻speak for itself tell its own story tell its own tale went without saying不遗余力spare no effort spare no pains不以为然not approve object to不义之财filthy lucre filthy pelf the mammon of unrighteousness不亦乐乎extremely不远千里go to the trouble of travelling a long distance不约而同happen to coincide不择手段by any kind of means by hook or crook play hard by fair means or foul不知所措be at a loss be all adrift lose one's head out of one's wits才疏学浅have little talent and learning惨绝人寰extremely cruel沧海桑田time brings a great change to the worlds沧海一粟/九牛一毛a drop in the bucket草木皆兵a state of extreme nervousness层出不穷emerge in endlessly层峦迭嶂peaks over peaks察言观色carefully watch what sb. is doing and saying姹紫嫣红very beautiful flowers畅行无阻checkless车水马龙heavy traffic沉默寡言taciturnity称心如意well-content趁热打铁strike while iron is hot Hold a wolf the iron is hot成群结队gang horde诚惶诚恐with reverence and awe诚心诚意sincere desire承上启下a connecting link between the preceding and the following 吃苦耐劳tough吃里扒外live on sb. while helping others secretly痴心妄想胡思乱想wishful thinking持之以恒preserve叱咤风云ride the whirlwind愁眉苦脸pull a long face snoot愁眉苦脸的，愁眉苦脸地woebegone morosely臭名远扬，臭名昭著flagrancy，notorious出乎意料unexpected出口成章have an outstanding eloquence出类拔萃，鹤立鸡群fill the bill supereminence出谋划策give counsel suggest出奇制胜defeat sb. by a surprise action出生入死go through fire and water触类旁通comprehend by analogy垂头丧气，无精打采down in the mouth lose one's spirits with the tail between the legs垂头丧气的blue about the gills crestfallen downhearted绰绰有余more than sufficient此起彼伏as one falls,another rises从容不迫go easy take one's time从容不迫的leisured unhurried从容不迫地by easy stages粗枝大叶careless slapdash sloppy粗枝大叶的broad-brush措手不及unaware unprepared错综复杂扑朔迷离anfractuosity错综复杂的anfractuous daedal reticula sinuous打草惊蛇act rashly and about: the enemy大材小用waste one's talent on a petty job大公无私selfless大海捞针look for a needle in a bottle of hay大惑不解be extremely puzzled大惊小怪a storm in a teacup foofaraw fuss like a hen with one chicken 大惊小怪的spoffish大快人心affording general satisfaction大名鼎鼎famous well known大器晚成great minds mature slowly大千世界the boundless universe大失所望greatly disappointed大同小异largely identical but with minor differences大显身手大显神通strut one's stuff大言不惭夸夸其谈fanfaronade rodomontade大义凛然inspiring awe by upholding justice大义灭亲place righteousness above family loyalty大智若愚Still waters run deep. An empty vessel makes the most sound Still water runs deep呆若木鸡dumbstruck transfixed待人接物the ways one gets along with others殚思极虑rack one's brains胆小如鼠cannot say boh to a goose胆战心惊的funky淡泊明志not seek fame and wealth道貌岸然be sanctimonious得过且过drift along muddle along得天独厚的advantaged得心应手handy with facility得意忘形得意洋洋bloat get dizzy with success得意洋洋elated elation exaltation jauntiness得意扬扬ride high得意洋洋的cock-a-hoop high-blown perky得意扬扬的triumphant德才兼备have both ability and moral integrity德高望重sainted saintlike登峰造极reach the limit reach the peak of perfection地大物博vast territory and abundant resources颠倒黑白颠倒是非混淆是非call white black swear black is white 颠三倒四confused disorderly雕虫小技insignificant skill调兵遣将move forces调虎离山lure the enemy away from his base掉以轻心treat sth. Lightly喋喋不休blat cackle chackle harp harp on jaw-jaw rattle twitter wag 顶天立地of indomitable spirit东施效颦blind imitation with ludicrous effection东山再起bob up like a cork独具匠心show originality独树一帜develop a school of one's own独一无二in a class by oneself独一无二的unique unmatched unparalleled度日如年one day seems like a year断章取义garble quote out of context对牛弹琴whistle jigs to a milestone Cast pearls before swine对症下药suit the remedy to the case多才多艺versatility多才多艺的accomplished all-round allround miscellaneous versatile 多愁善感sensitivity sentimentality多愁善感的moonstruck spoony多此一举bring owls to Athens hold a candle to the sun多多益善the more the better咄咄逼人aggressive脱胎换骨thoroughly remould oneself阿谀奉承趋炎附势greasiness恩将仇报以怨报德忘恩负义bite the hand that feeds one尔虞我诈each trying to cheat the other发人深省的thought-provoking发人深省set people thinking发扬光大carry forward翻山越岭tramp over hill and dale翻天覆地world-shaking泛滥成灾overrun飞黄腾达青云直上come into one's kingdom rise in the world strike oil 飞黄腾达的successful飞禽走兽birds and beasts废寝忘食forget food and sleep分道扬镳part company,each going his own way分化瓦解disintegrate divide and demoralize分门别类classify纷至沓来come in a continuous stream纷至沓来的thick as hail奋不顾身dash ahead regardless of one's safety愤愤不平be indignant愤世嫉俗的cynical丰富多彩rich and colorful丰功伟绩great achievement丰衣足食have ample food and clothing风花雪月sentimental writings of the exploiting classes风马牛不相及be totally unrelated风靡一时be the rage风平浪静calm风起云涌like a rising wind and scudding clouds风雨同舟stand together regardless of situation风雨无阻in all weathers锋芒毕露make a showy display of one's abilities蜂涌而来pour逢场作戏join in the fun on occasion逢凶化吉trun ill luck into good奉公守法law-abiding敷衍了事make short shrift of palter scuffle釜底抽薪take a drastic measure to deal with a situation赴汤蹈火出生入死go through fire and water富丽堂皇magnificence覆水难收spilt water cannot be gathered up again It is no use crying over spilt milk。
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1.我今天要干到七点钟。
I'll work until 7 o'clock.
2.我父亲是医生。
My father is a doctor.
3.在酒吧见面怎么样？What about meeting at the bar?
4.你为什么不去市场部？Why don't you go to the Marketing
Department?
5.他现在正在访问纽约办事处。
He is visiting the New York office
right now.
6.我在等一个重要电话。
I am waiting for an important telephone
call.
7.他在和客户谈话。
He is talking to a customer.
8.他正在市中心的一家餐馆吃午饭。
He is having lunch in a
restaurant in the centre of town.
9.他现在正在做广告项目。
He is currently working on
advertising.
10.他们正在看照片。
They are looking at the photos.
11.萨丽是个警官吗？Is Sally a police of officer?
12.今晚去跳舞怎么样？How about going dancing the evening?
13.你为什么不去找房地产经纪人？Why don't you go to an
estate agent?
14.波莉在读报。
Polly is reading a newspaper.
15.他不是建筑师，他是工程师。
He isn't an architect.He is an
engineer.
16.先给玛丽打个电话怎么样？How about making a call to Mary
first?
17.我是一名经理。
I am a manager.
18.他是个工程师。
He is an engineer.
19.她不是个护士。
She is not a doctor.
20.你是医生。
You are doctors. 我父亲是医生。
My father is
a doctor.
21.他们是工程师。
They are engineers.
22.我要来打扫。
I'll clean it.
23.你为什么不去看医生？Why don't you go to see a doctor?
24.我喜欢在小咖啡店里读报。
I like reading newspapers in
cafés.
25.你喜欢读英文报纸吗？Do you like reading English
newspapers?
26.她不喜欢向别人借东西。
She doesn't like borrowing things
from others.
27.他们喜欢看英语电影吗？Do they like watching English
films?
28.我的父母不喜欢旅游。
My parents don't like travelling.
29.我来给他们打电话。
I'll call them.
30.你的老师是美国人吗？Is your teacher from the USA?
31.明天下午去踢足球怎么样？What about playing football
tomorrow afternoon?
32.她眼下在培训一个中国同事。
She is currently training a
Chinese colleague.
33.我在等一个重要电话。
I am waiting for an important
telephone call.
34.我这个星期要来修理。
I'll repair it this week.
35.办公室有三张办公桌. There are three desks in the office.
36.办公室里有一部传真机. There is a fax machine in the
office.
37.办公室里有计算机? Are there any computers in the office?
38.房间里有三把椅子. There are three chairs in our room.
39.班里有50名学生吗? Are there fifty students in the class?
40.房租一月五百磅。
The rent costs 500 pounds a month.
41.你为什么不搞个计划？Why don't you make a plan?
42.玛丽在度假。
Mary is having a holiday now.
43.午饭时我常常吃个三明治。
I usually have a sandwich at
lunchtime.
44.你一般周五早下班吗？Do you usually finish early on
Friday?
45.她从来不骑自行车上班。
She never goes to work by bike.
46.她经常上课迟到。
She is often late for class.
47.他总是在食堂吃饭。
He always eats in the canteen.
48.大卫此刻在睡觉。
David is sleeping now.
49.你为什么不去试一试？Why don't you have a try?
50.这本书多少钱？How much does the book cost?
51.去看看这个公寓房怎么样？What about seeing the flat?
52.房租一月五百磅。
The rent is 500 prounds a month.
53.你为什么不去跟他们面谈？Why don't you talk to them face
to face?
1.他个子高吗？Is he tall?
2.要我跟他谈谈吗？Shall I talk to him?
3.我可以用客厅的电话吗？Can I use the phone in the sitting
room?
4.我的数学老师很风趣。
My maths teacher is very funny.
5.你觉得在伦敦生活怎么样? What do you think of living in
London?
6.我觉得这些公园都很美。
I think that the parks are lovely.
7.你可以用客厅里的电话。
You can use the phone in the living
room.
8.你可以在花园里吸烟。
You can smoke in the garden.
9.我能用厨房的炊具吗？ Can I use the cooker in the kitchen?。