主谓一致(五)
主谓一致（五）
一．
1.A kind of birds been discovered by them．
2.This kind of apple highly priced.
3.Apples of this kind highly priced.
二．
1. A number of new houses been built there。
2.There a variety of goods on sale in the shop．
3.The number of the people who know the secret very limited．
4.The variety of goods on sale in the shop surprising．
5.An average of 3，000 people to visit this famous school every year．（come）
6. The average of 14，3 and 1 6．
7.A total of 300 letters received last month
8.The total of letters received last month 300．
三．
1.A large amount of clean water wasted every day．
2.Vast amounts of money being invested in the local market．
3. Large quantities of beer consumed in the city every year．
4.A large quantity of money was spent on the bridge．
5.A large quantity of materials spent on the building．
6. A good deal of work to be done today．（have）
四:
1.Each boy a prize．(get)
2.Every dog his day．(have)
3.Someone to buy the house.(want)
4.Everything ready，isn’t it?
5.Each of the books five yuan.(cost)
6.Somebody using the phone．
7.He has two sons．One a teacher；the other an engineer．
8.We each an English-Chinese dictionary．(have)
9.They both pop music．(like)
五．
1.None of them aware of the danger。
2. None of the money paid to me．
3.Either of the girls Ann’s sister．
4. Neither of them going to give up the chance．六1.1 The public _______ the best judge because the public always _______ _their thoughts.
A. are；express
B. is；express
C. is；expresses
D. are；expresses
1.2 I think Class One _______ __to win because Class One _______ _all football lovers.
A. is likely; are
B. are likely; are
C. is likely; is
D. are likely; is
1.3 While my family ____a small one, every one of us _____different hobbies.
A. is; have
B. are; has
C. is; has
D. are; have
1.4 Cattle _______ __well in the country market at present, according to the evening news.
A. sell
B. sells
C. is being sold
D. will be sold
1.5 People who _______ __peace _______ _seeing a steady situation to seeing an unrest state.
A. loves; prefers
B. love; prefer
C. loved; prefer
D. love; prefers
1.6 All the furniture in my office ______ made in Hong Kong.A. is B. areC. were D. had been
1.7 Every means _______ ___to prevent the water from _______ __.
A. are used; polluting
B. get used; pollution
C. is used; polluted
D. has been used; being polluted
1.8 All possible means _______ __to save the wounded soldier.
A. have been tried
B. is to be tried
C. has been tried
D. are trying
1.9 —The trousers _______ __you well. —But the colour _______ __me.
A. fit; suit
B. fit; doesn’t suit
C. fits; doesn’t suit
D. fit; don’t suit
2.1 His“Selected Poems” _______ __in 1995.A. was first published B. were first published C. has been first publishedD. had first been published
2.2 The United States _______ _50 states A. have B. has C. is made up D. are in charge of
2.3 Different areas of the country ____own customs.A. have their B. have itsC. has their D. has its 2.4 Mathematics _______ _the language of science.A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
2.5 Plastics _______ __many other materials, it is easily shaped.
A. has taken place of
B. has taken the place of
C. have taken place of
D. have taken the place of
2.6 The expensive clothes _______ _made specially for the beautiful princess.
A. is
B. were
C. has
D. have
2.7 Goods in the store _______ _sold out at a very low price.A. has been B. have beenC. was D. is
3.1 The captain with his men _______ _saved.A. have B. has C. are D. is
3.2 E-mail, as well as telephone, _______ ___an important role in daily communication.
A. play
B. played
C. plays
D. are playing
3.3 All but one _______ __here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were
3.4 The museum, as well as the pictures, _______ _.A. is worthy seeingB. is worth seeing
C. are worth seeing
D. are worthy seeing
3.5 On the contrary, I think it is Truman, _______ __you, _______ _to blame.
A. more than; are
B. less than; who are
C. rather than; that is
D. rather than; is
4.1 Some of the latest news about this country _______ __televised _______ __from the battle field.A. was; direct B. were; straight C. were; alive D. was; live
4.2 _______ __friends Betty had made there _______ _all invited to her birthday party.
A. A few; was
B. Tile few; were
C. Few; were
D. Few of; was
4.3 More than 90 _______ _of the watches on sale _______ _ourselves.
A. percent; are made of
B. percent; are made up of
C. percents; is made by
D. percent; are made by
4.4All _pre sent and all __going on well,”said the teacher.A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is 4.5 It’s summer t ime now, so a dozen eggs ____only $4.A. are costing B. has cost C. cost D. costs
4.6 Most of the artists will go to the United States next week. The rest _______ ___to visit Japan.
A. has
B. plans
C. are
D. is
4.7 The population of the city _______ __not large, but one third of the population here _______ __highly educated citizens.A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is
4.8 This kind of stories _______ __instructive while stories of that kind _______ ___harmful to children.A. is; seems B. are; seem C. is; seem D. are; seems
4.9 Many kinds of furniture _ being transported from Beijing to Tianjin.
A. is
B. are
C. having
D. was
4.10 Machines of the new type _______ _made in Shanghai.A. is B. areC. has been D. have been
4.11 —Are there any new animals in that zoo?— _______ __there.
A. None are
B. None arrived
C. No one is
D. No one are
4.12 John has two brothers, but either ___ out of work now.A. are B. is C. has D. have
2018年高考英语一轮复习 语法专项突破 第十讲 主谓一致和特殊句式
第十讲主谓一致和特殊句式 一主谓一致 一、主谓一致的基础“3原则” 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、就近一致原则和意义一致原则。 1．语法一致原则 主语后跟有with，together with，as well as，like，but，except，along with，rather than，including，in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 ◆The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 ◆I think Tom，rather than you is to blame for the accident. 我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故负责任。 2．就近一致原则 (1)由or，either…or…，neither…nor…，not only…but also…等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 ◆Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。 (2)由there，here引导的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 ◆There are three books and a pen on the desk. 桌子上有三本书和一支钢笔。 3．意义一致原则 (1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时，谓语动词用单数。 ◆The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。 (2)“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 ◆Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都有很好的理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。
l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解
主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉
第二讲 基本句型的转换与扩大 主谓一致(一)
基本句型的转换与扩大 （1）基本句型都是陈述句、肯定句和主动句，这些句型可以转换为疑问句、否定句和被动句。 the tourists have arrived. Have the tourists arrived? The tourists have not arrived. She gave him some money. Did she give him any money? She didn’t give him any money? He was given some money. Some money was given to him （2）句型扩大的语法手段之一是分句的并列。Eg: He was a handicapped child, but he persevered in his studies, and later he become a well-known scholar. He didn’t like us, and everyone knew it, but no one admitted it. （3）句型扩大的另一种语法手段是增加修饰成分和使用从属分句。也就是说利用从属分句来使思想表达复杂化。 The African people have long been our class friends in fighting against hegemonism霸权主义and power politics. The janitor staggered down the stairway, stunned by the bizarre noises and gasping for air. （4）增加的修饰成分还可以再被其他结构（如从属分句）所修饰。 The janitor staggered down the stairway, stunned by the bizarre noises he had just heard upstairs and gasping for air as he hesitantly held on to the banister栏杆.. 注意；有时，分句的并列和从属还可以同时并用。并列与从属两种手段同时并用的结果，往往会产生更加复杂的句子。Eg; When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously, but, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. 又例如： Furthermore , he is not only critical of the work of others, of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments 科学仪表and that a number of factors tend to disturb impartial 不偏不倚的，公正的and objective investigation. 主谓一致（一） “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调一致关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在人称和“数”的方面的一致关系。这又叫做“主动一致”（subject-verb concord）. 一、指导原则 主语和谓语动词一致的关系常为三种不同的原则所支配 1、语法一致主谓之间的一致关系主要表现在数的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词 和谓语动词在单复数形式上的一致。
第十讲特殊句式(倒装,省略,主谓一致等
第十讲特殊句式（倒装，省略，主谓一致等） 1．完全倒装 (1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首时，完全倒装。 John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.约翰打开门，他从来没见过的一位女孩站在那儿Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 [点津]上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则主谓语不用倒装。 Away they went.他们走了。 (2)表语位于句首时，其倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。 Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。 Gone are the days when we were poor.我们贫穷的日子一去不复返了。 2．部分倒装 (1)only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours did they reach a decision.(摘自2011湖南高考) 直到他们把那个问题讨论了几个小时之后才作出决定。 (2)否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition等置于句首时。 Not until he left his home did he begin to know how important the family was for him.(摘自2010江西高考) 直到他离开了家，他才开始知道家庭对他来说有多么重要。 (3)hardly ...when ..., no sooner ...than ..., not only ...but also ...等引导两个句子时，前一个句子用部分倒装，后一个句子不倒装。 Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.一听到这个消息他就哭了。 The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only was teachers' energy saved, but students became more interested in the lessons. 电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。(4)so/neither/nor置于句首，意为“也(不)”，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，要用部分倒装，其句型为：so/neither/nor＋be/助动词/情态动词＋主语……。 Since my return to China, I haven't seen my host mother in America, nor have I heard from her. 自从我回到中国之后就没有见过我在美国的房东妈妈，也没有收到她的来信。 [点津]so表示“是的，确实”时，主谓语不倒装。 —It is too hot. ——天太热了。 —So it is. ——是啊，的确很热。 (5)在so ...that ...和such ...that ...句式中，如果so或such引导的部分位于句首时，主句中的主语和谓语需要部分倒装。 So frightened was she that she could not say a word.她如此害怕以致于一句话也说不出来。 Such great progress did he make that he was praised.他取得了如此大的进步以致于受到了表扬。 (6)as, though引导让步状语从句时，可将表语、状语或谓语动词提前，构成倒装。句式为：表语、状语或动词原形＋as/though＋主语＋其他。 Unsatisfied though he was with the payment, he took the job just to get some work experience.(摘自2009重庆高考) 虽然他对那份工作的报酬不满意，但是为了得到一些工作经验他还是接受了。 Much as he likes the car, he can't afford it.尽管他很喜欢这辆车，但他买不起。 1．The notice says that only when your identity has been checked ________________. (allow) 通知写到：只有当身份得到核实时才能允许你进来。答案：will you be allowed in 2．We laugh at jokes, but seldom ______________________ about how they work.(think) 听到笑话我们会大笑，但是我们很少思考他们是怎样起作用的。答案：do we think 1．强调句型 结构：It is/was ＋被强调部分＋that ＋其他部分。如果被强调的部分是人，可用who代替that。 (1)时态的运用：强调句中的时态要根据原句的时态来确定用is 还是was。即原句为过去的某种时态，则强调
主谓一致用法详解及练习题 附答案
．主谓一致 主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。英语主谓一致一般要遵循三条原则，即：语法一致原则；意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.语法一致原则 语法一致原则是指谓语动词和它的主语在语法形式上必须取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式，如： Tom doesn’t like swimming. 汤姆不喜欢游泳。 Jane and Mary look alike. 简和玛丽看起来很像。 2.意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语的一致，同由主语所表达的单数概念来决定，而不是根据主语的实际语法形式。 有时主语的语法形式是单数，但所表达的概念是复数意义，这时动词应采用复数形式，如： The football team are having breakfast now. 足球队员们在吃早饭。 The news was exciting. 这条消息令人振奋。 3.就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数要在形式上与最靠近它的那个名词或代词取得一致。当一个句子有两个主语而它们又是either...or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, or 等连接时，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致，如： Either your students or Mr Wang knows this. 你的学生们或王老师知道这件事。 Neither Jim nor his friends were interested in this film. 汤姆和他的朋友们都对这部电影不感兴趣。 主谓一致这三个原则中有很多需要注意的问题， 1.主语为集体名词 (1)某些集体名词既可表示单数也可表示复数。如果集体名词作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一 个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式，如： Our group were discussing heatedly on the subject. 我们小组成员正对这个问题进行热烈的讨论。（group 指小组成员）Our group is made up of four girls and five boys. 我们小组有4个女孩和5个男孩组成。（group 指小组整体） The population in China is very large, and one third of the population are farmers. 中国的人口很多，其中三分之一是农民。（前一个population 指整体，后一个population 指成员） (2)某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, youth 等常作复数看待，谓语动词与复数形式的谓语搭配，如： The police are searching for him. 警察正在搜寻他。 The cattle were driven away from the hill. 那些牲畜从山上被赶走了。 3.某些名词如equipment（设备），furniture（家具），jewelry（珠宝），clothing（衣服），machinery（机械），表示单数 概念，谓语动词要相应地采用单数形式,如： A lot of equipment has been replaced by the new equipment. 许多旧设备已经被新设备代替了。 All the machinery in the factory was controlled by robots. 这个厂所有的机械都由机器人来控制的。 2.主语为代词 (1)．有些代词尽管意义上是多数，但谓语动词要用单数形式，这类代词有：either, neither, each, another, somebody, someone, something, anything, anyone, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody 等，如： Neither likes the friends of the other. 两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。 Everything around us is matter. 我们周围所有的东西都是物质。 注意： ①在neither of 与either of 的结构中，谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式，如： Neither of them was / were in good health, but both worked hard. 他们俩身体都不好，但工作却都很努力。 ②each 用于单数名词前，谓语动词用单数形式, each 用于复数主语后，谓语动词用复数形式。each of, each one of 后 接复数名词或代词，但谓语动词常用单数形式。 Each (one) of the houses was different. 每座房子都不同。 Each student has been given their own e-mail address. 每个学生都得到了一个自己的电子邮件地址。
张琮逻辑英语第二讲 助动词的形式与作用
助动词的形式与作用 概述：英语常用的助动词(auxiliary verb)有shall，will，should，would，be，have，do等。助动词一般无词义，不能单独作谓语动词。助动词在句中的作用，在于帮助（谓语动词）构成各种时态、语态、语气、否定和疑问结构等。如： China has entered a great new era. 中国已进入了一个伟大的新时期。(帮助构成完成时态) Some boys are playing on the grass. 一些男孩正在草地上玩。 (帮助构成进行时态) Mother is written by Gorky. 《母亲》是高尔基写的。 (帮助构成被动语态) We Shall have the football match if it does not rain.如果不下雨，我们就赛足球。(帮助构成将来时态和否定结构) Do you see my point? 你明白我的意思吗?(帮助构成疑问结构) [注]在否定结构中，not须放在助动词后面。 看完这段之后，希望各位记住一个概念，助动词的作用是：帮助谓语动词实现各种功能，这是核心中核心。 为了便于理解与记忆，个人认为可以把助动词分成两类： 1、专职助动词： shall(should), will(would),can(could),may(might),must, ought to等；（因这些动词只能作助动词使用，没有其它用途。）看见这些动词之后，就可以直接期待其后会出现“谓语动词”了。这也可用于我们判断句子结构，简单不出错。 2、兼职助动词：be, have, do, dare, need等。（这些动词既可以用作助动词，也可用作谓语动词，助动词并不是他们唯一的作用。） 先讲第一类，专职助动词（情态动词）的用法。 情态动词的用法很多都是相同的，不必一项项学，我们先把这些相同的作用归纳到一起。 1、shall、will可用于表达一般将来时；这个就不多作说明了； 2、都可忽略主语的人称和数，不必采取相应的变化。 3、一般情况下，后面都需加动词原形。 （2、3）例：I/He/She/They can swim. 4、表示推测，表可能：may, can, must。
第十一节 主谓一致
第十一节主谓一致 ★知识讲练 在英语中,所谓“主谓一致”,主要指主语和谓语在“人称”和“数”上的一致,其基本原则有三条: 一、语法一致,即主语与谓语在形式上的一致 1、be动词的用法：我用am, 你用are, is用于他、她、它，我们，你们和他们都是are, 单数用is, 复数用are. 2、each以及由some-, any-, no-, every等构成的不定代词及either, neither 作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。 3、不定式(短语)、v-ing形式(短语)、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 4、some /all /half/ most/ the rest / two thirds/a lot/ %等(+of+名词或代词)作主语时,应根据它们所代替的事物来确定谓语动词的单复数。如果代替的是复数名词,则谓语动词用复数;如果代替的是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数。 5、 ...pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等+of+名词作主语时,谓语动词常与pair(s) / kind(s) / sort(s)等保持一致。 6、某些只有复数形式的名词（如：clothes, trousers, shorts. glasses, shoes , pants等）作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 7、one+of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 8、none / neither / either+of+复数名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。 9、a number of+名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;the number of+名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 互动演练 1. I _____from China, he ______from China too. We _____ both Chinese. (be) 2. Somebody ______(want) to see you, sir. Each boy and each girl ______ (be) given a new book. Everyone ______ (be) ready for the sports meeting. 3. To tell a lie _______(be) not right. Eating a balanced diet ______ (be) important for us. What you said ______ (be) very strange. 1.The rest of the money _______(have)been given to the poor. 2.Two thirds of the students in our class _______ (be) boys. Most of the computers _________(be) bought from Shanghai. 5. This kind of apples_______ (taste) sweet. These kinds of apples ______ (be) produced in Shandong Province. A pair of glasses _______(be) lying on the table.
第五讲--英语句子的主语
第五讲英语句子的主语 主语是英语句子中一个主要语法成分，常出现在句首（但出现在句首的并非总是主语，见课本48页例8）。这一讲我们将学习英语句子主语的形式选择、意义选择和主谓一致三个方面。 一、主语的形式选择 主语表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象，由名词性的成分来充当，说明人物、地方、行为、事件、事实等。英语中除了名词和代词（47页例1-3）之外，名词性的成分还包括： （一）“定冠词the+形容词”，可起名词作用，表示某一类的人或事物。 课本51页练习2： The blind often have sharp hearing. The wise are those who know themselves. The Chinese love peace. The good in him outweighs the bad. （二）动词的非谓语形式（不定式或动名词）可起名词作用。 在英语中，当动词不是用作句子谓语，而是用于充当其他语法功能的时候，动词就会以非谓语形式出现，主要有三种：不定式（Infinitive）、分词（Participles）和动名词（Gerund）。其中，可以充当主语的非谓语形式是不定式和动名词。 1、不定式作主语 （1）当不定式作主语时，如果较短，可直接出现在常规的主语位置，如： 课本47页例6： To leave or stay is a question hard to answer. To say something is one thing, to do it is another. （2）但是如果不定式充当的主语较长而谓语较短时，常用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的不定式主语放在谓语的后面。如课本51页练习3： It’ll be a crime to stay anywhere else. It’s always a good ides to get a second opinion. It would be wrong not to take this problem into consideration. （3）有时，不定式的前面可以有一个连接词、连接代词或连接副词（包括whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how）。不定式的这种结构在句中主要起宾语作用，如：He will tell us how to use the library. 他将告诉我们如何使用图书馆。 但也可以作主语，如课本47页例7： What to buy for dinner is not decided yet. Where/Where/How/Who to prepare the dinner is not decided yet. 2、动名词作主语 （1）动名词与现在分词同形，但主要起名词作用，在句中可充当主语，如课本47页例5： Learning English grammar is by no means easy. Seeing is believing. Reading French is easier than speaking it. （2）在一些习惯表达中，常用形式主语“it”，而将作主语的动名词短语放在后面，多见于某些形容词或名词之后，其他情况一般不用it作形式主语代替作主语的动名词。如：It is no use telling him not to worry.
初中英语主谓一致语法讲解
初中英语主谓一致语法讲解 （名师总结必考语法知识，值得下载） 1.定义：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，同时主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。 2.什么叫语法一致原则？ 指当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式，当主语是复数形式时，谓语用复数形式。 例如：Mike________（is / are）a good student. 迈克是个好学生。Mike为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单数。 The children often ________（plays / play）football on the playground. 孩子们经常在操场上踢足球。 children为复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。 3.什么叫意义一致原则？ 指主语形式上为单数，但所表达的意义为复数，因此谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这时谓语动词用单数形式。 例如：My family ________（is / are）having lunch now. 我们一家人
现在正吃午饭。 Family指一家人，所以谓语用复数。 Twenty dollars ________（is / are）too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 Twenty dollars这里是一个单独的个体，所以意义为单数，谓语动词用单数。 4.什么叫就近一致原则？ 指谓语动词的单复数形式，取决于最靠近它的主语。 例如：Not only the teacher but also his students ________（like / likes）playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 Like前面的主语为students,故根据就近原则谓语动词用复数形式。 There ________（is / are）a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。 Be动词后面靠近它的是a pen,所以谓语动词用单数形式。 5.常见用法： 1）主语为单数名词或不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为
主谓一致 知识讲解
主谓一致 Subject—Verb Agreement 概念引入： I am a teacher She often does her homework in the morning. There is only one box on the table. There are 50 students in our class. 语法讲解： 【高清课堂：直接引语和间接引语P1】 什么是主谓一致？ 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 一般来说，不可数名词与可数名词单数用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。 在英语的句子中，谓语动词的形式应与主语的人称和数保持一致。如何判定，则要看句子的意思。多数情况下，根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思，及强调的内容。下面我们就常用的、易混的几种情况作一下解释。 比如: He are a teacher. I is a student. 分类讲解 一、语法一致原则 1、单数主语，不定式，动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数 A student is studying English. Serving the people is my great happiness. When we deliver the goods hasn't been decided. When and where we will go hasn't been decided. 但当what引导的句子做主语，若后面是“be +名词”的结构时，谓语随名词变化。 What you did is right. What you need are these dictionaries. 2、复数名词、代词作主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式 All the students _____clever. （are） They _____English very much. (like) 3、用and或both…and 连接的单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语及主语从句作主语谓语动词用复数形式。 ① Both my father and my mother ____farmers. （are） ②What I think and what I do ___been fairly in disagreement. （have） 注意:(1)当and连接的并列单数名词前有each，every, no或者many a 等限定词时，谓语动词通常用单数。 Each student and each teacher __been given a task. （has） Every flower and every bush ___to be cut down. （is） (2)当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。
主谓一致练与析
主谓一致练与析 1.There___ a desk, a table and three chairs in the room. A. has B. have C. is D. are 2. Either you or he ___ interested in playing chess ten years ago. ___ you or he fond of music at present? A. are; Are B. was; Are C. are; Is D. is; Is 3.My family ___not large, but my family ___ all music lovers. A. is …are B. are…is C. is…is D. are…are 4.The number of teachers in our college ___ greatly increased this term. A number of teachers in our college ___ from the countryside. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is 5.She as well as the other students ___ how to type. A. have learned B. has learned C. learn D. are learning 6.More than one student ___ been sent to Japan since 2000. More than one hundred students ___ been sent to Japan since 2000. A. have; have B. has; has C. have; has D. has; have 7.Two hours __enough for us. A. are B. have C. were D. is 8.He is one of the boys who ___ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who ___ here on time. A. has come; have come B. have come; has come C. has come; has come D. have come; have come 9.The professor and writer ___coming to make a report. The professor and the writer ___come to make a report. A. is…have B. are…has C. is…are D. are…is 10.The police ___ searching for the thief everywhere. The policeman ___ searching for the thief everywhere. A. was; was B. has been; has been C. are ; is D. have; is 11.Every boy and every girl ___ a new book. A. are given B. is given C. has given D. have given 12.Each of us ___ a dictionary of this kind. We each ___ a dictionary of this kind. A. has; have B. have ; have C. has; has D. have ; has 13. “All ___ present and all ___ going on well,” our monitor said. A. is; are B. are ; are C. are; is D. is; is 14. The young ___ happy to give their seats to the old. A. is B. are C. has D. have 15. Over sixty percent of the city ____ destroyed in the war. Thirty-five percent of the doctors ____ women. A. was; was B. was; were C. were; were D. were; was
第十一节 主谓一致讲解学习
第十一节主谓一致
第十一节主谓一致 谓语动词与其主语在人称和数上要保持一致，称为主谓一致。要做到主谓一致，除了要考虑句中主语的人称和数的变化，还要考虑到谓语动词的时态和语态的变化。要理解和遵循语法规则，但在理解的基础上又不完全局限于语法规则，在很多情况下，还要结合具体的语言环境加以判断。在主谓一致这个问题上，必须明确的是：只有在谓语动词是现在时态或be动词的过去式的时候，主语才和它有数方面的一致关系。 一、主谓一致的基本原则 主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致遵循三个基本原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近原则。 1、语法一致 语法一致指主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数，这是主谓一致的三原则中最基本的原则。如：She is a girl.她是女孩。 They are all girls.他们都是女孩。 2、意义一致 意义一致指主语形式上是单数，但表达复数意义，那么谓语动词要用复数形式；或主语形式上是复数形式但表达单数意义，则谓语动词也采用单数形式，如： My family were watching TV at 7 o’clock. 7点钟的时候，我们全家在看电视。 My family has moved three times.
我们家搬过三次。 The family were having dinner when I called. 我去拜访的时候，那家人正在吃饭。 3、就近原则 就近原则指谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语决定，如： There is a book, two pens and three pencils on the desk. 书桌上有一本书，两支钢笔和三支铅笔。 There are two pens, a book and three pencils on the desk. 书桌上有两支钢笔，一本书和三支铅笔。 Either my sisters or my mother is coming. 不是我姐姐就是我妈妈要来。 二、谓语动词只能用单数的8种情况 1、非谓语动词或从句作主语 不定式（to do或疑问词+to do）、动名词(doing)或主语从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。如： When and where to build the new factory ________ not decided yet. A. is B. are C. has D. have [分析]答案是A。“疑问词+不定式”作主语，谓语动词用单数，此题又是被动语态。 2、复合不定代词作主语 以some-,any-,every-,no-开头，以-thing, -body, -one结尾的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Everything is going well.一切顺利。 3、以-s结尾的学科名、书名、国名作主语。