中考复习 有答案
中考数学复习《二次函数》专题训练-附带有参考答案

中考数学复习《二次函数》专题训练-附带有参考答案一、选择题1.下列函数中,是二次函数的是()A.y=x2+1x B.y=12x(x-1) C.y=-2x-1 D.y=x(x2+1).2.抛物线y=(x−2)2−3的顶点坐标是()A.(2,−3)B.(−2,3)C.(2,3)D.(−2,−3)3.把抛物线y=5x2向左平移2个单位,再向上平移3个单位,得到的抛物线是()A.y=5(x−2)2+3B.y=5(x+2)2−3C.y=5(x+2)2+3D.y=5(x−2)2−34.函数y=ax2与y=﹣ax+b的图象可能是()A. B. C. D.5.函数y=kx2-6x+3的图象与x轴有交点,则k的取值范围是()A.k<3 B.k<3且k≠0 C.k≤3且k≠0 D.k≤36.若A(−5,y1),B(1,y2),C(2,y3)为二次函数y=x2+2x+m的图象上的三点,则y1,y2,y3的大小关系是()A.y1<y2<y3B.y2<y3<y1C.y2<y1<y3D.y3<y1<y27.二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象如图所示,对称轴是直线x=1.下列结论:①b>0;②当x>0,y随着x 的增大而增大;③(a+c)2﹣b2<0;④a+b≥m(am+b)(m为实数).其中结论正确的个数为()A.4个B.3个C.2个D.1个8.某服装店购进单价为15元的童装若干件,销售一段时间后发现:当销售价为25元时,平均每天能售出8件,而当销售价每降低2元时,平均每天能多售出4件,为使该服装店平均每天的销售利润最大,则每件的定价为()A.21元B.22元C.23元D.24元二、填空题9.将二次函数y=x2-2x化为y=(x-h)2+k的形式,结果为10.若抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与x轴的两个交点坐标是(-1,0),(3,0),则此抛物线的对称轴是直线.11.将二次函数y=x2﹣4x+a的图象向左平移1个单位,再向上平移1个单位,若得到的函数图象与直线y=2有两个交点,则a的取值范围是.12.飞机着陆后滑行的距离y (单位:m)关于滑行时间t (单位:s)的函数解析式是y=60t-65t2,从飞机着陆至停下来共滑行米.13.已知如图:抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与直线y=kx+n相交于点A(−52,74)、B(0,3)两点,则关于x的不等式ax2+bx+c<kx+n的解集是三、解答题14.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,一次函数y1=kx−7的图象与二次函数y2=2x2+bx+c的图象交于A(1,−5)、B(3,t)两点.(1)求y1与y2的函数关系式;(2)直接写出当y1<y2时,x的取值范围;(3)点C为一次函数y1图象上一点,点C的横坐标为n,若将点C向右平移2个单位,再向上平移4个单位后刚好落在二次函数y2的图象上,求n的值.15.某品牌服装公司新设计了一款服装,其成本价为60(元/件).在大规模上市前,为了摸清款式受欢迎状况以及日销售量y(件)与销售价格x(元/件)之间的关系,进行了市场调查,部分信息如表:销售价格x(元/件)80 90 100 110日销售量y(件)240 220 200 180(1)若y与x之间满足一次函数关系,请直接写出函数的解析式(不用写自变量x的取值范围);(2)若该公司想每天获利8000元,并尽可能让利给顾客,则应如何定价?(3)为了帮助贫困山区的小朋友,公司决定每卖出一件服装向希望小学捐款10元,该公司应该如何定价,才能使每天获利最大?(利润用w表示)16.如图,抛物线y=−x2+bx+c与x轴交于A,B两点(A在B的左侧),与y轴交于点N,过A点的直线:l:y=−x−1与y轴交于点C,与抛物线y=−x2+bx+c的另一个交点为D(5,−6),已知P点为抛物线y=−x2+bx+c上一动.点(不与A、D重合).(1)求抛物线的解析式;(2)当点P在直线l上方的抛物线上时,过P点作PE∥x轴交直线l于点E,作PF∥y轴交直线l于点F,求PE+PF的最大值;(3)设M为直线l上的动点,以NC为一边且顶点为N,C,M,P的四边形是平行四边形,直接写出所有符合条件的M点坐标.17.如图是北京冬奥会举办前张家口某小型跳台滑雪训练场的横截面示意图,取某一位置的水平线为x轴,过跳台终点作水平线的垂线为y轴,建立平面直角坐标系,图中的抛物线C1:y=−18x2+32x+32近似表示滑雪场地上的一座小山坡,某滑雪爱好者小张从点O正上方A点滑出,滑出后沿一段抛物线C2:y=−14x2+bx+c 运动.(1)当小张滑到离A处的水平距离为8米时,其滑行高度为10米,求出b,c的值;(2)在(1)的条件下,当小张滑出后离的水平距离为多少米时,他滑行高度与小山坡的竖直距离为是5米?2(3)若小张滑行到坡顶正上方,且与坡顶距离不低于4米,求b的取值范围.18.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,抛物线y=ax2+bx−4与x轴交于A(4,0)、B(−3,0)两点,与y轴交于点C.(1)求这条抛物线所对应的函数表达式.(2)如图①,点D是x轴下方抛物线上的动点,且不与点C重合.设点D的横坐标为m,以O、A、C、D 为顶点的四边形面积为S,求S与m之间的函数关系式.(3)如图②,连结BC,点M为线段AB上一点,点N为线段BC上一点,且BM=CN=n,直接写出当n为何值时△BMN为等腰三角形.参考答案 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.B9.y =(x −1)2−1 10.x =1 11.a <5 12.75013.x <−52或x >014.(1)解:把点A(1,−5)代入y 1=kx −7得−5=k −7 ∴y 1=2x −7;把点B(3,t)代入y 1=2x −7中,得t =−1 ∴A(1,−5)把点A 、B 分别代入y 2=2x 2+bx +c 中,得{−2=2+b +c−1=18+3b +c 解得{b =−6c =−1∴y 2=2x 2−6x −1; (2)x <1或x >3(3)解:∵点C 为一次函数y 1图象上一点,∴C(n ,2n −7)将点C 向右平移2个单位,再向上平移4个单位后得到点C ′(n +2,2n −3) 把C ′代入y 2=2x 2−6x −1,得2n −3=2(n +2)2−6(n +2)−1 解得n =±1 所以n 的值为1或-1 15.(1)y=-2x+400(2)解:由题意,得:(x −60)(−2x +400)=8000解得x 1=100,x 2=160 ∵公司尽可能多让利给顾客 ∴应定价100元(3)解:由题意,得w =(x −60−10)(−2x +400)=−2x 2+540x −28000 =−2(x −135)2+8450∵−2<0∴当x =135时,w 有最大值,最大值为8450. 答:当一件衣服定为135元时,才能使每天获利最大. 16.(1)解:∵直线l :y =−x −1过点A∴A(−1,0)又∵D(5,−6)将点A ,D 的坐标代入抛物线表达式可得:{−1−b +c =0−25+5b +c =−6 解得{b =3c =4.∴抛物线的解析式为:y =−x 2+3x +4. (2)解:如图设点P(x ,−x 2+3x +4) ∵PE ∥x 轴,PF ∥y 轴则E(x 2−3x −5,−x 2+3x +4),F(x ,−x −1) ∵点P 在直线l 上方的抛物线上∴−1<x <5∴PE =|x −(x 2−3x −5)|=−x 2+4x +5,PF =|−x 2+3x +4−(−x −1)|=−x 2+4x +5 ∴PE +PF =2(−x 2+4x +5)=−2(x −2)2+18. ∴当x =2时,PE +PF 取得最大值,最大值为18.(3)符合条件的M 点有三个:M 1(4,−5),M 2(2+√14,−3−√14), M 3(2−√14,−3+√14). 17.(1)解:由题意可知抛物线C 2:y=−14x 2+bx+c 过点(0, 4)和(8, 10) 将其代入得:{4=c10=−14×82+8b +c解得 ∴b=114,c=4(2)解:由(1)可得抛物线Cq 解析式为: y=−14x 2+114x+4设运动员运动的水平距离为m 米时,运动员与小山坡的竖直距离为52米,依题意得: −14m 2+114m +4−(−18m 2+32m +32)=52解得: m 1=10,m 2=0(舍)故运动员运动的水平距离为10米时,运动员与小山坡的竖直距离为为52米. (3)解:∵抛物线C 2经过点(0, 4) ∴c=4抛物线C 1: y=−18x 2+32x +32=−18(x −6)2+6 当x=6时,运动员到达坡项 即−14×62+6b+4≥4+6. ∴b ≥15618.(1)解:把A(4,0)、B(−3,0)代入y =ax 2+bx −4中 得{16a +4b −4=09a −3b −4=0解得{a =13b =−13∴这条抛物线所对应的函数表达式为y =13x 2−13x −4. (2)解:当x =0时y =−4∴C(0,−4)当−3<m <0时S =S △ODC +S △OAC =12×4×(−m)+12×4×4=−2m +8当0<m <4时S =S △ODC +S △OAD =12×4×m +12×4×(−13m 2+13m +4)=−23m 2+83m +8. (3)解:n =52,n =2511,n =3011.。
中考数学复习《有理数》专项练习题-带有答案

中考数学复习《有理数》专项练习题-带有答案一、选择题1.下列语句正确的是()A.“+15米”表示向东走15米B.0℃表示没有温度C.−a可以表示正数D.0既是正数也是负数2.在数3 0 −π215110.2121121112 -8.24中,有理数有()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个3.2023年9月23日,第19届亚运会在杭州开幕.据报道,开幕式的跨媒体阅读播放量达到503000000次,将503000000用科学记数法表示为()A.503×106B.5.03×108C.5.03×109D.0.503×1094.下列各式中不成立的是().A.|−5|=5B.−|5|=−|−5|C.−|−5|=5D.−(−5)=55.如图,25的倒数在数轴上表示的点位于下列两个点之间()A.点E和点F B.点F和点G C.点G和点H D.点H和点I6.若|a﹣4|=|a|+|﹣4|,则a的值是()A.任意有理数B.任意一个非负数C.任意一个非正数D.任意一个负数7.如图,a,b两个数在数轴上的位置如图所示,则下列各式正确的是()A.a+b<0B.ab<0C.b−a<0D.ab>08.计算(−2)2022+(−2)2023的结果是()A.−2B.2 C.−22022D.22023二、填空题9.绝对值小于5且大于2的整数是.10.−14−13(填<或>).11.在-3.6 -10% 227π 0 2这六个数中,非负有理数有个.12.若p,q互为倒数,m,n互为相反数,则pq-m-n-313= 13.若|m−2023|+(n+2024)2=0,则(m+n)2023=三、解答题14.计算题:(1)(−7)−(+5)+(−4)−(−10)(2)(12−59+712)×(−36)(3)16÷(−2)3−(−18)×(−4)(4)−13−(1−0.5)×13×[2−(−3)2]15.在数轴上表示下列各数,并按从小到大的顺序用“<”把这些数连接起来﹣(﹣3) |﹣2| 0 (﹣1)3 -3.5 −85−2372.16.x和y互为相反数,m与n互为倒数,|a|=1,求a2﹣(x+y+mn)a+(x+y)2012+(﹣mn)2013的值.17.某食品厂在产品中抽出20袋样品,检查其质量是否达标,超过标准的部分用正数表示,不足的部分用负数表示:与标准质量的差/克−3−2−1.50 1 1.5 2.5袋数 1 4 3 4 3 2 3(1)这批样品的总质量比标准总质量多还是少?多或少几克?(2)若每袋的标准质量为200克,求这批样品平均每袋的质量是多少克?18.四个有理数A、B、C、D,其中,与6相加得0的数是A,C是13的倒数.(1)如果A+C=2B,求B的值:(2)如果A×B= D,求D的值:(3)计算:(A-D)×C÷B.参考答案1.C2.D3.B4.C5.C6.C7.B8.C9.±3,±410.>11.312.−21313.-114.(1)解:(-7)-(+5)+(-4)-(-10)=(-7)+(-5)+(-4)+10=-6(2)解:(12−59+712)×(−36)= 12×(−36)−59×(−36)+712×(−36)=-18+20-21=-19(3)解:16÷(−2)3−(−18 )×(−4)=16÷(-8)- 12=(-2)- 12=-2 12(4)解:−13−(1−0.5)×13×[2−(−3)2]=-1- 12×13×(-7)=-1+ 76= 1615.解:∵−(−3)=3|−2|=2(−1)3=−1;∴在数轴上表示,如图所示:按从小到大的顺序用“<”把这些数连接起来为:−3.5<−85<(−1)3<−23<0<|−2|<−(−3)<72.16.解:∵x与y互为相反数,m与n互为倒数,|a|=1∴x+y=0,mn=1,a=±1∴a2﹣(x+y+mn)a+(x+y)2012+(﹣mn)2013=a2﹣(0+1)a+02012+(﹣1)2013=a2﹣a﹣1.当a=1时,a2﹣a﹣1=12﹣1﹣1=﹣1.当a=﹣1时,a2﹣a﹣1=(﹣1)2﹣(﹣1)﹣1=1+1﹣1=1.∴a2﹣(x+y+mn)a+(x+y)2012+(﹣mn)2013的值为1或﹣1.17.(1)解:(−3)×1+(−2)×4+(−1.5)×3+0×4+1×3+1.5×2+2.5×3 =−3−8−4.5+0+3+3+7.5=−2(克)即这批样品的总质量比标准总质量少,少2克;(2)解:200×20−2= 4000−2= 3998(克)3998÷20=199.9(克)即这批样品平均每袋的质量是199.9克.18.(1)解:∵与6相加得0的数是A, C是13的倒数.∴A=-6,C=3∵A+C=2B∴-6+3= 2B∴B=−32(2)解:∵A ×B=D ,且B=−32,A=-6 ∴D=-6×(−32)=9(3)解:∵A=-6,B=−32,C=3, D=9∴(A-D) ×C+B= (-6-9)×3÷(−32)=-15×3×(−23)=30。
初三中考英语复习试题有答案

初三中考英语复习试题有答案即将要参加中考的学生都在紧张地进行英语复习中,多做一些试题可以有效提高成绩。
小编为大家推荐了相关练习题,希望可以帮助到大家!初三中考英语复习试题一、单项填空在A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(本大题共14分,每小题1分)1. It’s ____ 180-metre-long road. _____ road is always busy later in the afternoon every day.A. a; TheB. an; TheC. a; AnD. an; A2. —I’m looking forward to the latest Hollywood film. _____ will it begin?— ______next Friday.A. How soon; UntilB. How long; Not untilC. How soon; Not untilD. How long; Until3. There aren’t many people in the village since ______ of them ______ moved to the town nearby.A. two-five; haveB. second-fifth; hasC. two-fifths; haveD. two-fifths; has4. I ______ peaceful countryside ______ noisy cities while my sister prefers _____ in the modern citiesA. would rather; than; livingB. prefer; to; livingC. would rather; than; to liveD. prefer; to; to live5. — _____ you find _______ ways to work out this problem, Jim?— Yes, I ______.A. Could; another; couldB. Can; another; canC. Could; other; canD. Can; other; could6. I _____ be late for school, but now I ______ getting up earlyevery day.A. used to; am used toB. used to; used toC. am used to; used toD. used to; am used for7. There is ______ traffic on the road ______ we all worry about being late for work.A. such much; thatB. so much; thatC. so much; beca useD. so many; because8. He was a stranger in this town, so the local people didn’t know _______.A. how could they make friends with himB. how they could make friends with himC. how can they make friends with himD. how they can make friends with him9. China ______ the WTO for more than 10 years, and it has brought great changes to it.A. has joinedB. has been inC. has become a member ofD. has joined in10. I never doubt ______.A. whether Tom has told me the truth or notB. that whether has Tom told me the truthC. that Tom has told me the truthD. if Tom has told me the truth11. —How do you like the film Titanic?—I must say it’s _______ film I _______.A. the better; have seenB. good; had seenC. the best; have seenD. the best; had seen12. —You should be careful when _______.—Yes, I will. I’d like to know when ________ to have a rest.A. driving; stoppingB. driving; to stopC. to drive; stoppingD. to drive; to stop13. —Are you _______ to go hiking with us?— Yes, I _______.A. good enough; goodB. well enough; think soC. enough good; think soD. well enough; am good14. —Thank you for the nice meal you offered us!—_______.A. I’m afraid notB. I’m glad you all enjoyed itC. I didn’t cook wellD. Come here next time二、完形填空先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
中考数学复习《圆》专题训练-附带有答案

中考数学复习《圆》专题训练-附带有答案一、选择题1.下列有关圆的一些结论:①平分弧的直径垂直于弧所对的弦;②平分弦的直径垂直于弦;③在同圆或等圆中,相等的弦所对的圆周角相等;④同弧或等弧所对的弦相等,其中正确的有()A.①④B.②③C.①③D.②④2.在同一平面内,已知⊙O的半径为3cm,OP=4cm,则点P与⊙O的位置关系是()A.点P在⊙O圆外B.点P在⊙O上C.点P在⊙O内D.无法确定3.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,C是⊙O上一点.若∠BOC=66°()A.66°B.33°C.24°D.30°4.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,点C在AB的延长线上,CD与⊙O相切于点D,若∠CDA=118°,则∠C的度数为()A.32°B.33°C.34°D.44°5.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,点D在AB的延长线上,DC切⊙O于点C,若∠A=26°,则∠D等于()A.26°B.48°C.38°D.52°6.如图,四边形ABCD内接于⊙O,∠C=100°,那么∠A是()A.60°B.50°C.80°D.100°7.如图,AB为⊙O的直径,C是⊙O上的一点,若∠BCO=35°,AO=2,则AC⌢的长度为()A.29πB.59πC.πD.79π8.如图,点A、B、C、D、E都是⊙O上的点AC⌢=AE⌢,∠D=130°则∠B的度数为()A.130°B.128°C.115°D.116°二、填空题9.半径为6的圆上,一段圆弧的长度为3π,则该弧的度数为°.10.如图,在△ABC中,∠ACB= 130°,∠BAC=20°,BC=2.以C为圆心,CB为半径的圆交AB于点D,则BD的长为.11.如图,⊙O是△ABC的外接圆,BC是⊙O的直径,AB=AC.∠ABC的平分线交AC于点D,交⊙O于点E,连结CE.若CE= √2,则BD的长为.12.如图,四边形ABCD为⊙O的内接四边形,若∠ADC=85°,则∠B=.13.如图,在△ABC中∠ACB=90°,O为BC边上一点CO=2.以O为圆心,OC为半径作半圆与AB边交π,则阴影部分的面积为.于E,且OE⊥AB.若弧CE的长为43三、解答题14.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,四边形ABCD内接于⊙O,OD交AC于点E,OD∥BC(1)求证:AD=CD;(2)若AC=8,DE=2,求BC的长.15.如图,AB是⊙O的直径,F为⊙O上一点,AC平分∠FAB交⊙O于点C.过点C作CD⊥AF交AF的延长线于点D.(1)求证:CD是⊙O的切线.(2)若DC=3,AD=9,求⊙O半径.⌢上一点,AG与DC的延长线交于点F.16.已知,如图,AB是⊙O的直径,弦CD⊥AB于点E,G是AC(1)如CD=8,BE=2,求⊙O的半径长;(2)求证:∠FGC=∠AGD.17.如图,在△ABC中AB=AC,以底边BC为直径的⊙O交两腰于点D,E .(1)求证:BD=CE;⌢的长.(2)当△ABC是等边三角形,且BC=4时,求DE18.如图,在△ABC中,经过A,B两点的⊙O与边BC交于点E,圆心O在BC上,过点O作OD⊥BC交⊙O 于点D,连接AD交BC于点F,且AC=FC.(1)试判断AC与⊙O的位置关系,并说明理由;(2)若FC=√3,CE=1.求图中阴影部分的面积(结果保留π).参考答案1.A2.A3.B4.C5.C6.C7.D8.C9.9010.2√311.2√212.95°π13.4√3−4314.(1)证明:∵AB是⊙O的直径∴∠ACB=90°∵OD∥BC∴∠AEO=∠ACB=90°⌢=CD⌢∴AD∴AD=CD;(2)解:∵OD⊥AC,AC=8AC=4∴AE=12设⊙O的半径为r∵DE=2∴OE=OD﹣DE=r﹣2在Rt△AEO中,AE2+OE2=AO2∴16+(r﹣2)2=r2解得:r=5∴AB=2r=10在Rt△ACB中,BC=√AB2−AC2=√102−82=6∴BC的长为6.15.(1)证明:连接OC∵AC平分∠FAB∴∠FAC=∠CAO∵AO=CO∴∠ACO=∠CAO∴∠FAC=∠ACO∴AD∥OC∵CD⊥AF∴CD⊥OC∵OC为半径∴CD是⊙O的切线;(2)解:过点O作OE⊥AF于EAF,∠OED=∠EDC=∠OCD=90°∴AE=EF=12∴四边形OEDC为矩形∴CD=OE=3,DE=OC设⊙O的半径为r,则OA=OC=DE=r∴AE=9﹣r∵OA2﹣AE2=OE2∴r2﹣(9﹣r)2=32解得r=5.∴⊙O半径为5.16.(1)解:连接OC.设⊙O的半径为R.∵CD⊥AB∴DE=EC=4在Rt △OEC中,∵OC2=OE2+EC2∴R2=(R−2)2+42解得R=5.(2)解:连接AD∵弦CD⊥AB̂ = AĈ∴AD∴∠ADC=∠AGD∵四边形ADCG是圆内接四边形∴∠ADC=∠FGC∴∠FGC=∠AGD.17.(1)证明:∵AB=AC∴∠B=∠C⌢=BE⌢∴CD⌢=CE⌢∴BD∴BD=CE;(2)解:连接OD、OE∵△ABC 是等边三角形∴∠B =∠C =60°∴∠COD =120°∴∠COD +∠BOE =∠COE +∠DOE +∠BOD +∠DOE =240° ∴∠DOE =240°−180°=60°∵BC =4∴⊙O 的半径为 2∴DE ⌢ 的长 =60π×2180=2π3 .18.(1)解:AC 与⊙O 的相切,理由如下∵AO =DO∴∠D =∠OAD∵CF =CA∴∠CAF =∠CFA又∵∠CFA =∠OFD∴∠CAF =∠OFD∵OD ⊥BC∴∠OFD +∠ODF =90°∴∠CAF +∠OAF =90°∴OA ⊥AC∵OA 是半径∴AC 是⊙O 的切线∴ AC 与⊙O 的相切;(2)解:过A 作AM ⊥BC 于M ,如图设OA=OE=r∵FC=√3,CE=1在Rt△CAO中AO=r,AC=FC=√3,OC=OE+EC=r+1AO2+AC2=OC2∴r2+(√3)2=(r+1)2解得r=1∴OC=OE+EC=2∴AO=12 OC∴∠C=30°∴∠AOC=60°∴∠AOB=180−∠AOC=120°在Rt△CAM中AM=12AC=12FC=√32∴S△AOB=12⋅OB⋅AM=12×1×√32=√34∴S扇形AOB=120360π×1=π3∴S阴影部分=S△AOB−S扇形AOB=π3−√34.。
中考数学复习《勾股定理》专项练习题-附带有答案

中考数学复习《勾股定理》专项练习题-附带有答案一、单选题1.线段a、b、c组成的三角形不是直角三角形的是()A.a=7,b=24,c=25 B.Ba= √41,b=4,c=5C.a= 34,b=1,c= 54D.a=40,b=50,c=602.如图,在△ABC中,AB=AC=5,BC=6,点M为BC的中点,MN⊥AC于点N,则MN等于()A.65B.95C.125D.1653.如图,直线l上有三个正方形a,b,c,若a,c的面积分别为7和9,则b的面积为()A.16 B.2 C.32 D.1304.如图,在5×5的正方形网格中,每个小正方形的边长为1,在图中找出格点C,使得△ABC是腰长为无理数的等腰三角形,点C的个数为()A.3 B.4 C.5 D.75.如图,所有的四边形都是正方形,所有的三角形都是直角三角形,其中S A=10,S B=8,S C=9,S D=4则下列判断不正确的是()A.S E=18B.S F=13C.S M=31D.S M−S E=176.如图,矩形OABC的边OA长为2,边AB长为1,OA在数轴上,以原点O为圆心,对角线OB的长为半径画弧,交正半轴于一点,则这个点表示的实数是()A.2.1B.√5C.2√2D.2√37.我国古代数学家赵爽“的勾股圆方图”是由四个全等的直角三角形与中间的一个小正方形拼成的一个大正方形(如图所示),如果大正方形的面积是25,小正方形的面积是1,直角三角形的两直角边分别是a、b,那么(a+b)2的值为().A.49 B.25 C.13 D.18.如图,在△ABC中∠C=60°,AC=4,BC=3 .分别以点A,B为圆心,大于12AB的长为半径作弧,两弧交于M、N两点,作直线MN交AC于点D,则CD的长为()A.1 B.75C.32D.3二、填空题9.如图,△ABC中AB=AC=10,BC=16,△ABC的面积是.10.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AC=3,以AB为一边向三角形外作正方形ABEF,正方形的中心为O,且OC=4 √2,则BC=.11.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,AC=3,BC=4,点D在AB上,AD=AC,AF⊥CD交CD于点E,交CB于点F,则CF的长是12.某小区两面直立的墙壁之间为安全通道,一架梯子斜靠在左墙DE时,梯子底端A到左墙的距离AE为0.7m,梯子顶端D到地面的距离DE为2.4m,若梯子底端A保持不动,将梯子斜靠在右墙BC上,梯子顶端C到地面的距离CB为2m,则这两面直立墙壁之间的安全通道的宽BE为m.13.活动探究:我们知道,已知两边和其中一边的对角对应相等的两个三角形不一定全等.如已知△ABC中∠A=30°,AC=3,∠A所对的边为√3,满足已知条件的三角形有两个(我们发现其中如图的△ABC是一个直角三角形),则满足已知条件的三角形的第三边长为三、解答题14.如图,点C在∠DAB内部,CD⊥AD于点D,CB⊥AB于点B,CD=CB,若AD=5,求AB的长.15.如图,在△ABC中,CD⊥AB,垂足为D.AD=1,BD=4,CD=2.求证:∠ACB=90°.16.如图,一只小鸟旋停在空中A点,A点到地面的高度AB=20米,A点到地面C点(B、C两点处于同一水平面)的距离AC=25米.若小鸟竖直下降12米到达D点(D点在线段AB上),求此时小鸟到地面C 点的距离.17.如图,在△ABC中,∠ACB的平分线CD交AB于点D,E为AC边上一点,且满足∠AED=2∠DCB.(1)求证:DE∥BC;(2)若∠B=90°,AD=6,AE=9,求CE的长.18.如图,在正△ABC的AC,BC上各取一点D,E,使AD=CE,AE,BD相交于点M(1)如图1,求∠BME的度数;(2)如图2,过点B作直线AE的垂线BH,垂足为H①求证:2MH+DM=AE;②若BE=2EC=2,求BH的长.答案1.D2.C3.A4.C5.D6.B7.A8.B9.4810.511.1.512.2.213.2√3或√314.解:解法一:连结AC∵CD⊥AD于点D,CB⊥AB于点B∴∠CDA=∠CBA=90°在Rt△ABC与Rt△ADC中有AC=AC,CD=CB∴Rt△ABC≌Rt△ADC(HL)∴AB=AD=5解法二:连结AC∵CD⊥AD于点D,CB⊥AB于点B∴∠CDA=∠CBA=90°∵CD=CB∴由勾股定理得:AB= √AC2−BC2 = √AC2−CD2 =AD=515.证明:∵CD是△ABC的高∴∠ADC=∠BDC=90°.∵AD=1,BD=4,CD=2∴AC2=AD2+CD2=12+22=5,BC2=BD2+CD2=42+22=20,AB2=(1+4)2=25.∴AC2+BC2=AB2.∴△ABC是直角三角形∴∠ACB=90°.16.解:由勾股定理得;BC2=AC2−AB2=252−202=225∴BC=15(米)∵BD=AB−AD=20−12=8(米)∴在Rt△BCD中,由勾股定理得CD=√DB2+BC2=√82+152=17∴此时小鸟到地面C点的距离17米.答;此时小鸟到地面C点的距离为17米.17.(1)证明:∵CD平分∠ACB∴∠ACD=∠DCB即∠ACB=2∠DCB又∵∠AED=2∠DCB∴∠ACB=∠AED∴DE//BC;(2)解:∵DE//BC∴∠EDC=∠BCD,∠B=∠ADE=90°∵∠BCD=∠ECD∴∠EDC=∠ECD∴ED=CE∵AD=6,AE=9∴DE=√AE2−AD2=√92−62=3√5∴CE=3√5.18.(1)解:∵△ABC是等边三角形∴AB=AC,∠BAC=∠C=60°又∵AD=CE ∴△ABD≌△CAE(SAS)∴∠BME=∠ABD+∠BAE=∠CAE+∠BAE=∠BAC=60°(2)解:①∵BH⊥AE ∠BME=60°∴∠HBM=30°∴BM=2MH∵△ABD≌△CAE ∴AE=BD=BM+MD=2MH+MD②过点E作EG⊥AB于点GBE=2EC=2 ∴AB=BC=3∴使用ABC=60°∴BG=1,AG=2,由勾股定理可得,GE= √3,AE= √7设HE=x,则AH= √7 -x由勾股定理得32-(√7 -x)2=22-x2解得x= √77再由勾般定理可得:BH= 3√21.7。
中考状元复习题及答案

中考状元复习题及答案1. 请解释牛顿第二定律的内容及其数学表达式。
答案:牛顿第二定律描述了力与物体加速度之间的关系,其内容是物体的加速度与作用力成正比,与物体质量成反比。
数学表达式为:F=ma,其中F表示作用力,m表示物体质量,a表示加速度。
2. 描述光的折射现象及其应用。
答案:光的折射是指光线在不同介质之间传播时,由于速度的变化导致光线方向的改变。
折射现象在日常生活中有广泛应用,例如眼镜、放大镜、显微镜等都是利用光的折射原理制成的。
3. 列出至少三种常见的酸,并说明它们的化学性质。
答案:常见的酸包括盐酸(HCl)、硫酸(H2SO4)和醋酸(CH3COOH)。
这些酸都具有酸的通性,如能使紫色石蕊试液变红,能与活泼金属反应生成氢气,能与碱反应生成盐和水等。
4. 解释什么是生态系统,并简述其组成。
答案:生态系统是指在一定地域内,生物群落与其无机环境相互作用形成的统一整体。
生态系统由生物部分和非生物部分组成。
生物部分包括生产者、消费者和分解者,非生物部分包括水、空气、土壤等。
5. 请写出水的化学式,并简述水的物理性质。
答案:水的化学式为H2O。
水的物理性质包括无色无味的液体,密度约为1g/cm³,在标准大气压下,水的沸点为100℃,冰点为0℃。
水具有很高的表面张力,能形成水滴和气泡。
6. 描述欧姆定律的内容及其应用。
答案:欧姆定律描述了电流、电压和电阻之间的关系,其内容是在电阻一定的情况下,通过电阻的电流与电阻两端的电压成正比。
欧姆定律在电路分析和设计中有广泛应用,是电子学和电气工程的基础。
7. 请解释什么是遗传物质,并简述其功能。
答案:遗传物质是指生物体内携带遗传信息的物质,主要是DNA和RNA。
遗传物质的主要功能是存储和传递遗传信息,控制生物体的发育、生长和繁殖。
8. 简述光合作用的过程及其意义。
答案:光合作用是植物、藻类和某些细菌利用光能将二氧化碳和水转化为有机物并释放氧气的过程。
光合作用是自然界中能量转换和物质循环的重要过程,为生物提供能量和氧气,维持生态系统的平衡。
中考数学复习《全等三角形》专题训练-附带有答案
中考数学复习《全等三角形》专题训练-附带有答案一、选择题1.如图,△ABC≌△EFD,且AB=EF,EC=4,CD=3,则AC等于()A.3 B.4 C.7 D.82.某同学把一块三角形的玻璃打碎成了3块,现在要到玻璃店去配一块完全一样的玻璃,那么最省事方法是()A.带①去B.带②去C.带③去D.①②③都带去3.如图,为了测量B点到河对面的目标A之间的距离,在B点同侧选择了一点C,测得∠ABC=60°,∠ACB= 40°然后在BC的同侧找到点M使∠MBC=60°,∠MCB=40°,得到△MBC≌△ABC,所以测得MB的长就是A,B两点间的距离,这里判定△MBC≌△ABC的理由是()A.SAS B.AAA C.SSS D.ASA4.如图,在△ABC中,BE是∠ABC的平分线,CE是外角∠ACM的平分线,BE与CE相交于点E,若∠A=60°,则∠BEC是()A.15°B.30°C.45°D.60°5.如图,BP是∠ABC的平分线,AP⊥BP于P,连接PC,若△ABC的面积为1cm2则△PBC的面积为().A.0.4 cm2B.0.5 cm2C.0.6 cm2D.不能确定6.如图,OP平分∠AOB,PA⊥OA,PB⊥OB垂足分别为A,B,下列结论中不一定成立是()A.PA=PB B.PO平分∠APBC.OA=OB D.AB垂直平分OP7.如图,△ABC中∠ACF、∠EAC的角平分线CP、AP交于点P,延长BA、BC,PM⊥BE,PN⊥BF.则下列结论中正确的个数()①BP平分∠ABC ②∠ABC+2∠APC=180°③∠CAB=2∠CPB④S△PAC=S△MAP+S△NCP.A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个8.如图,已知∠BAC的平分线与BC的垂直平分线相交于点D,DE⊥AB,DF⊥AC,垂足分别为E,F,AB=6,AC=3,则BE=()A.6 B.3 C.2 D.1.5二、填空题9.如图BA=BE,∠1=∠2要使△ABD≌△EBC还需添加一个条件是.(只需写出一种情况)10.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC,D是BC的中点,AC的垂直平分线分别交AC、AD、AB于点E、O、F,则图中全等的三角形的对数是.11.如图,在Rt△ABC,∠C=90°,E是AB上一点,且BE=BC,DE⊥AB于点E,若AC=8,则AD+DE的值为.12.如图,在△ABC中AB=AC,BF=CD,BD=CE,∠FDE=70°那么∠A的大小等于度.13.如图,在△ABC中,CD平分∠ACB交AB于点D,DE⊥AC交于点E,DF⊥BC于点F,且BC=4,DE=2,则△BCD的面积是.三、解答题14.如图,AD平分∠BAC,∠B=∠C.(1)求证:BD=CD;(2)若∠B=∠BDC=100°,求∠BAD的度数.15.如图,已知,EC=AC,∠BCE=∠DCA,∠A=∠E.(1)求证:BC=DC;(2)若∠A=25°,∠D=15°,求∠ACB的度数.16.如图,AB=AC,AD=AE,∠BAC=∠DAE.(1)求证:△ABD≌△ACE;(2)若∠1=25°,∠2=30°,求∠3的度数.17.如图,△ABD、△AEC都是等边三角形,直线CD与直线BE交于点F.(1)求证:CD=BE;(2)求∠CFE的度数.18.如图,在△AOB和△COD中OA=OB,OC=OD,OA<OC,∠AOB=∠COD=36°连接AC、BD交于点M,连接OM.求证:(1)∠AMB=36°;(2)MO平分∠AMD.参考答案1.C2.C3.D4.B5.B6.D7.D8.D9.BD =BC 或∠A =∠E 或∠C =∠D (任填一组即可)10.411.812.4013.414.(1)证明:∵AD 平分∠BAC∴∠BAD =∠CAD .在△ABD 和△ACD 中{∠BAD =∠CAD ∠B =∠C AD =AD∴△ABD ≌△ACD(AAS)∴BD =CD .(2)解:由(1)得:△ABD ≌△ACD∴∠C =∠B =100°,∠BAD =∠CAD∵∠BAC +∠B +∠BDC +∠C =360°∴∠BAC =60°∴∠BAD =30°15.(1)证明:∵∠BCE =∠DCA∴∠BCE +∠ACE =∠DCA +∠ECA即∠BCA =∠DCE .在△BCA 和△DCE 中{∠BCA =∠DCE AC =EC ∠A =∠E∴△BCA ≌△DCE (ASA )∴BC =DC ;(2)解:∵△BCA ≌△DCE∴∠B =∠D =15°.∵∠A =25°∴∠ACB =180°−∠A −∠B =140°.16.(1)证明:∵∠BAC =∠DAE∴∠BAC ﹣∠DAC =∠DAE ﹣∠DAC∴∠1=∠EAC在△ABD 和△ACE 中{AB =AC ∠1=∠EAC AD =AE∴△ABD ≌△ACE (SAS )(2)解:∵△ABD ≌△ACE∴∠ABD =∠2=30°∵∠1=25°∴∠3=∠1+∠ABD =25°+30°=55°.17.(1)证明:∵△ABD 、△AEC 都是等边三角形∴AD=AB ,AC=AE ,∠DAB=∠DBA=∠ADB=60°,∠CAE=60°∵∠DAB=∠DAC+∠CAB ,∠CAE=∠BAE+∠CAB∴∠DAC=∠BAE在△DAC 和△BAE 中{AD =AB ∠DAC =∠BAE AC =AE∴△DAC ≌△BAE∴CD=BE(2)解:∵△DAC ≌△BAE∴∠ADC=∠ABE∴∠CFE=∠BDF+∠DBF=∠BDF+∠DBA+∠ABF=∠BDF+∠DBA+∠ADC=∠BDA+∠DBA=60°+60°=120°18.(1)解:证明:∵∠AOB=∠COD=36°∴∠AOB+∠BOC=∠COD+∠BOC,即∠AOC=∠BOD 在△AOC和△BOD中{OA=OB ∠AOC=∠BOD OC=OD∴△AOC≌△BOD(SAS)∴∠OAC=∠OBD∵∠AEB是△AOE和△BME的外角∴∠AEB=∠AMB+∠OBD=∠AOB+∠OAC∴∠AMB=∠AOB=36°;(2)解:如图所示,作OG⊥AC于G,OH⊥BD于H∴OG是△AOC中AC边上的高,OH是△BOD中BD边上的高由(1)知:△AOC≌△BOD∴OG=OH∴点O在∠AMD的平分线上即MO平分∠AMD.。
中考语文总复习试卷及答案
一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 下列词语中,字形、字音完全正确的一项是()A. 畅快淋漓恣意妄为惊涛骇浪B. 落英缤纷纵情山水惊弓之鸟C. 纵横交错纵情山水雕梁画栋D. 青松翠柏纵情山水惊弓之鸟2. 下列句子中,没有语病的一项是()A. 他每天坚持锻炼身体,使得他的身体越来越健康。
B. 这本书不仅内容丰富,而且插图精美。
C. 我已经完成了作业,可以去看电视了。
D. 老师鼓励我们要珍惜时间,努力学习。
3. 下列句子中,表达不准确的一项是()A. 我们学校的运动场很大,可以容纳几千人。
B. 他的成绩一直在班上名列前茅。
C. 这部电影讲述了一个感人至深的故事。
D. 我希望将来能成为一名优秀的教师。
4. 下列词语中,书写正确的一项是()A. 铺张浪费欣喜若狂蹉跎岁月B. 恣意妄为纵情山水惊弓之鸟C. 纵横交错雕梁画栋青松翠柏D. 青松翠柏纵情山水惊弓之鸟5. 下列句子中,修辞手法使用错误的一项是()A. 那个孩子像一只小猴子,活泼可爱。
B. 那座山像一位巨人,屹立在那里。
C. 那条小河像一条丝带,蜿蜒流淌。
D. 那朵白云像一朵棉花,飘荡在天空中。
6. 下列句子中,成语使用错误的一项是()A. 他勤奋好学,成绩一直名列前茅。
B. 那个老师学识渊博,讲解得生动有趣。
C. 他目无全牛,做事很有条理。
D. 那个学生一心多用,成绩一直下滑。
7. 下列句子中,句式使用错误的一项是()A. 你要努力学习,才能取得好成绩。
B. 我们学校的运动场很大,可以容纳几千人。
C. 这本书不仅内容丰富,而且插图精美。
D. 老师鼓励我们要珍惜时间,努力学习。
8. 下列句子中,标点符号使用错误的一项是()A. 你要去图书馆吗?我也要去。
B. 他喜欢看书,尤其是历史、地理方面的书籍。
C. 这本书不仅内容丰富,而且插图精美。
D. 老师鼓励我们要珍惜时间,努力学习。
9. 下列句子中,字音、字形、字义完全正确的一项是()A. 精彩绝伦纵情山水惊弓之鸟B. 纵横交错雕梁画栋青松翠柏C. 铺张浪费欣喜若狂蹉跎岁月D. 青松翠柏纵情山水惊弓之鸟10. 下列句子中,语序不当的一项是()A. 他不仅学习成绩好,而且品德优秀。
2024年中考总复习七选五 汇编 有答案
人与自我——生活与学习子主题1家庭生活Passage 1(2022昆明)Plastic brings us convenience, and pollution as well. 1.________ It's in our food and drinks, in the clothes we wear and even in the air we breathe.Some very tiny pieces of plastic are called microplastics(微塑料). The largest microplastics can be directly seen.2.________ What should we do then?3.________ Any time plastic boxes are heated, microplastics can get into your food. If you can't avoid using plastic boxes, try not to heat food in them.Use a glass or metal cup instead of a plastic one. Researchers have found that bottled water has more microplastics than tap water. 4.________ So if you like drinking coffee, hot milk or other hot drinks, remember to use a glass or metal cup.Since plastic is everywhere, researchers suggest that we should be careful with possible microplastics in life. They may be from baby toys, pens, and even phones we use every day. 5.________人与自我——做人与做事子主题2做身心健康的人Passage 2(2022柳州)Does talking in front of people make you shy? If so, you are not alone. Many people in the world suffer from shyness and want to change this situation. 1.________ Here are some tips for you.Find out the cause of your shyness. Do you become shy in front of new listeners? Please try to find out the thoughts that go through your head before the shyness comes out. You're okay being around your family, right? Are they different from the strangers around you? Of course not. 2.________Place your attention on others. For most of us, when we think we will feel nervous if we speak up or stand out, we become shy. 3.________ When you stop paying attention to yourself, you stop worrying about your performance(表现).4.________ You have got used to hearing your own voice. Record your voice pretending(假装)to have conversations with others. At the beginning you'll feel like an actor, but soon it will become a habit. After doing it for some time, you will be able to voice your opinions bravely.Stop comparing yourself to others. The more you compare yourself to others, the more you will feel shy because you may think you are not good enough. 5.________ Everyone else must have his own confidence problems too.人与社会——人际交往子主题3人际交往中的优秀品质Passage 3(2022云南省卷)Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don't worry. 1.________Find the common interests between you and your parents. For example, if you and your dad both like playing basketball, you can watch one game together and talk about it. 2.________Try to start a dinnertime talk with your parents. Ask your parents about their day, and they will open up to you easily. Don't forget that you have to open up to them, too. 3.________ Besides, it's also a good idea to share something about the latest movies. Soon all of you will have a good conversation.4.________ Eye contact (交流) is necessary. Don't be bored, or they will probably stop talking and walk away.5.________ If you listen patiently, they'll be interested in talking to you. As a result, there will be a warm conversation between you and your parents.In a word, it's easy to get along well with your parents if you see them as your friends.Passage 4(2022连云港)Gifts are a way for people to show love. 1.________ The gift can be anything, your favourite CD, a book, clothes, delicious food and so on. Getting a gift can make you feel the love.A handmade gift is the best way to show your love. And on the day of making a gift, you can share that love with someone you care about.Make a Gift Day is on December 3. 2.________ The day is coming. If you don't know what to buy, why not make a gift on this day?3.________ There was time, not all that long ago, when a handmade gift was the only kind of gift you could give. In the past, giftgivers would spend time making gifts for their friends. Whether it's a simple handmade wallet, a new skirt, or a baby bed for a soontobe baby, everything is handmade with love.You may wonder how to celebrate Make a Gift Day. It is an easy one! Make handmade gifts on this day! Try your hand at making a gift, no matter what it is. 4.________ DIY some gifts with your friends.Don't have a DIY skill? Start learning from today. You can start making handmade gifts for your family and friends in the New Year. You all have the ability to make gifts for people you care about. 5.________ And write some sentences on it to express your love.There are so many kinds of gifts you can make and you need to think and create for yourself. People who get your gifts will know how much you love them.5(2022毕节) PassageDo youknow how people sendmessages to each other?Scientists say only 35% of our communication is done throughspoken language. 1.________ Itis natural for usto use our bodies to share our thoughts and feelings.2.________ For example, smiling may be the easiest body language. People understand its meaning without thinking.3.________ But the meaning of some body languages change from one culture to another. Most people move their heads up and down to mean “yes” and side to side to mean “no”. You may think that these have the same meanings everywhere.4.________ In a country, people move their heads side to side to mean “yes”, and up and down to mean “no”.As we have looked at some examples, there are many kinds of body languages and their meanings may change from one culture to another. 5.________ If we don't understand them, we may make a mistake and send a wrong signal(信号). The best advice is to watch what other people do in their cultures and follow them.A. Some of the ways of body language are the same all over the world.B. Body language is the most important.C. It is necessary for us to understand them.D. So it is good to smile when we meet people.E. The other 65% is done through “body language”.F. It is not polite to smile at people.G. However, they have the opposite meanings.人与社会——历史、社会与文化子主题4 文化Passage 6(2022江西)Silk, the word itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China over 4,000 years ago. It says a silkworm's cocoon(蚕茧) fell into a woman's teacup. It then opened into a single, unbroken thread(线). 1.________ The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch.2.________ In other countries, silk was valuable and not often seen. Often it was worth more than gold. It's said that the secret finally got out when a princess left China to go to India. In her hair, she secretly carried many silkworms. A. I like this nice gift very much. B. For example, you can make a card. C. But do you know about its history? D. You can refuse the gift if you don't like it. E. It's fun to get a gift and think about what's in it.F. Also, you can have a giftmaking party to celebrate it.G. It encourages people to make handmade gifts for their loved ones on this day.By the year 1 A.D., silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all along the Silk Road. 3.________ Centuries later, in 1522, the Spanish brought silkworms to Mexico.Nowadays people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk. Silk isn't only beautiful. It seems that it's easy to break. 4.________ For example, it has been used to make bicycle tires(轮胎). And some doctors even use silk threads in the hospital. 5.________ This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, pants, and shoes.All of this from a little insect—the silkworm. That is the miracle(神奇) of silk.人与自然——自然生态子主题5与动植物和谐共生Passage 7(2022苏州)Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen?1.________ Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass.Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. 2.________ They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. 3.________Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse(迷惑) the birds. 4.________ The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground.5.________ Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy.人与自然——灾害防护子主题6自然灾害和防范措施Passage 8(2022陕西)Every year in the U.S. there are about 500 tornadoes, a natural disaster(灾害;灾难), from Texas through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa and into South Dakota.1.________.The “tornado season” is usually in spring, but the people in Tornado Alley are always ready for them and they always listen to the news. When the warnings come, 2.________. They find somewhere safe to stay. At home, the best place is the basement—a room that is used to store things under the level of the ground. If there is no basement,a room without windows like the bathroom is also a safe place.“3.________ so that we can get ready and won't feel afraid when there's a tornado,” says Tiffany Taylor, a high school student from Texas. “There's no basement at my school, so we usually go to the hallways on the lowest floors. Of course, we never sit near the windows.”After the tornado, people first check to see if it is safe to go out and then they check the buildings and the area for damage(破坏). 4.________!In China, we are not so often troubled by tornadoes, but we do have disasters like earthquakes, or an unexpected fire. It is important to know how to keep us safe when a disaster happens. Remember: in order to stay safe in natural disasters,5.________. For example, we'd better keep disaster plans in mind and practice often.A. people follow their disaster plansB. And usually there is a lot of damageC. This is because there are a lot of tornadoesD. At school, we often have practiceE. people run out of their homes with fearF. we should get well preparedG. That's why this area is called “Tornado Alley”人与自我——生活与学习子主题1家庭生活Passage 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。
2024年中考数学总复习:多选题(附答案解析)
第1页(共29页)2024年中考数学总复习:多选题一.多选题(共25小题)(多选)1.某工厂生产工艺品,以每天生产35个为基本量,实际每天生产量与前一天相比有增减(上周最后一天生产量恰好是基本量,超产记为正,减产记为负).如表是本周一至周五的生产情况:星期 一 二 三 四 五 增减(单位:个)﹣1﹣4+2+7﹣3根据记录的数据,该厂本周每天生产量超过基本量35个的是( ) A .星期二B .星期三C .星期四D .星期五(多选)2.对于代数式3x 2﹣x +15,下列说法不正确的是( ) A .它按x 降幂排列 B .它是单项式 C .它的常数项是15D .它是二次二项式(多选)3.下列各式是分式的有( ) A .x3B .1aC .x 2xD .1y(15−πR 2)(多选)4.下列各式是分式的是( ) A .x3B .1aC .xxyD .1y(15﹣πR 2)(多选)5.下列各式变形正确的是( ) A .1−a a 2−2a+1=11−aB .xy−x 2(x−y)2=x x−yC .9ab 2+6abc3a 2b =3b+2c aD .a 2a−1−a −1=a 2−(a−1)2a−1(多选)6.在ABC 中,a ,b ,c 分别是∠A ,∠B ,∠C 的对边,∠C =90°,下列各式一定成立的是( ) A .a =c •cos BB .a =b •cos AC .c =asinAD .a =b •tan A(多选)7.下列各式中,计算结果正确的是( )。
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对联练习
1、阅读下面一段文字,回答文后问题。
古都南京,历史名城。
南朝旧事、明代遗韵、民国风雨,都在这座古城留下了深深的印痕,浸染出浓浓的意韵。
玄武湖舒展,鸡鸣寺空灵,秦淮河的桨声灯影,夫子庙的热闹繁华,无不让人流连忘返。
不少地名还可组成比较工整又非常有趣的对子。
例如:“石头城”对“燕子叽”、“朝天宫”对“阅江楼”、“凤凰台”对“麒麟门”……请从“无想寺”、“状元楼”、“白马湖”三个地名中,选出最恰当的填在下面的横线上。
答:“乌龙潭”对________ “莫愁湖”对________ “总统府”对__________ 2、下面加“ ”的一句是一副对联的上联,请选出下联中最好的一句( )
“月送花香浮小院”
A.绿叶红花映山前B.风摇竹影到幽斋C.梦随春风到天明D.风吹萤火到满园
3、为2005年春节晚会上出现的一副对联的上联“八百里洞庭凭岳阳壮阔”选配下联,最恰当的一项是()
A.五千年盛世欣太平今日B.两千年赤壁览黄鹤风流
C.九万里中华创锦绣未来D.十三亿尧舜建古国文明
4、亲民党主席宋楚瑜率领大陆访问团在拜祭黄帝陵时所说的“炎黄子孙不忘本,两岸和平一家亲”,言简意赅地表达出两岸炎黄子孙的共同心声,勾起多少人的思念之情。
请根据下面上联所表达的内容,集出或改写平时所积累的名句,对出下联。
上联:少小离家为异客
下联:
5、“轻风细柳,淡月梅花”是一副四字对联。
请根据扩展后的下联,在方格中填写一字,组成一副对仗工整的五字联。
(1分)
上联:轻风细柳下联:淡月隐梅花
6、请运用对偶知识对对子。
上联:下联:海洋乃人类未来粮仓7、某社区文化活动中心举办楹联应对活动,
其中给出的一则上联是:“品美文若饮甘露”,请你对出下联。
8、根据下面语言材料,运用对偶知识对出下联。
(2分)
春天,湖水涨满,湖天一色,船行湖中,如行天上;
秋日,山色斑斓,山景如画,人游山中,如行画中。
上联是:春水船如天上坐;下联:
9、福州乌山的王琵琶亭有一副对联,上联:一弹流水一弹月。
最适合作为下联的一句是()。
A.半入江风半入云B.一味清凉上月时C.二分明月万梅花D.三月细雨春妩媚
10、《水浒》第十二回标题为一副对联,上联是“梁山泊林冲落草”,下联为()
A.青面兽北京斗武B.景阳岗武松打虎C.急先锋东郭争功D汴京城杨志卖刀
11、下面是某餐馆门口贴着一副对联。
请运用学过的《悯农》中的有关诗句,填在下面的横线上,使之完整。
上联_________________ ____,弃之可惜;
下联:杯中酒口口都香甜,量力而行
12.成语对联填空(成语对联的特征:组成对联的两个成语,其意义或相同或相反,其结构一致,工整对仗)。
请在下面的两个成语后面的括号内各填写一个成语,使之与前面的组成对联。
旗开得胜,()。
瓜熟蒂落
()。
13.品对联,填成语。
下面是蒲松龄借项羽勾践以自勉的一副对联。
请根据上联,在下联横线上填写恰当的成语。
上联:有事者,事竟成,破釜沉舟,百二秦关终属楚;
下联:苦心人天不负,______________,三千越甲可吞吴。
14.下面是旅居台湾的孔子第77代嫡传孙孔德成写给在大陆的二姐的对联中的上联,请为它选填下联。
上联:风雨一杯酒;下联:()
A.天涯共此时 B.羁危万里身 C.江山万里心 D.千里共婵娟
答案
1、
“乌龙潭”对白马湖“莫愁湖”对无想寺“总统府”对状元楼
2、
B.风摇竹影到幽斋
3、
B.两千年赤壁览黄鹤风流
4、
上联:少小离家为异客
下联:乡音无改倍思亲
5、
上联:轻风(舞)细柳
下联:淡月隐梅花
6、
上联:南极是地球最后净土
下联:海洋乃人类未来粮仓
7、
上联:“品美文若饮甘露”
下联:“读佳句如沐春风”
8、
上联:春水船如天上坐;
下联:秋山人似(如)画中游(行)。
9、
A.半入江风半入云
10、
汴京城杨志卖刀
11、
上联:盘中餐粒粒皆辛苦,弃之可惜
下联:杯中酒口口都香甜,量力而行
12.
旗开得胜(马到功成)瓜熟蒂落(水到渠成) 。
13.
上联:有事者,事竟成,破釜沉舟,百二秦关终属楚;下联:苦心人,天不负,卧薪尝胆。
三千越甲可吞吴。
14.
C.江山万里心。