北京科技大学考研翻译硕士日语真题2014
北京科技大学考研日语翻译基础真题2014
北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题================================================================================================= ============试题编号： 359 试题名称：日语翻译基础（共 3页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
================================================================================================= ============一、日汉互译短语翻译（30分）1.マグニチュード2.行方不明者3.福島第一原発事故4.米国債の格下げ5.グラミー賞6.ユネスコ7.ドメスティック・バイオレンス8.NHK9.<<霸王别姬>>10.远亲不如近邻 11.无风不起浪12.喜马拉雅山13.画蛇添足 14.活到老学到老 15.泡沫经济二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）春の空は定まりにくい。
風の３月、雨降る４月。
不安定は北半球の中緯度帯に共通という。
洋の東西を問わず、花咲く季節は「風雨多し」となる。
その雨が、地をうるおして、野辺の緑を伸ばしてもいく。
風の名や雨の名を、日本人ほど多く持っている国民はないだろうと、文芸評論家の山本健吉が言っていた。
ある文献によれば、風の呼び名は全国で２千を超すそうだ。
雨はどれほどあるのだろう。
「春に三日の晴れなし」で、きょうあす晴れても、週末にはまた各地で荒れ模様になるという。
無粋な「花散らし」に泣く桜の名所もあろう。
春雨と呼びたくなる、煙るようなやわらかい雨なら歓迎したいのだが。
三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）2013年4月2日、人民日報の報道によると、米国アップル社は今月1日の夜、公式サイトを通じて、中国の消費者への謝罪文を発表した。
2014年北京大学翻译硕士考研参考书和考试真题解析
1 / 15全国统一咨询热线：400-6998-626 育明教育官方网址： 北京大学翻译硕士考研一. 考试重点英语翻硕10人左右，日语翻译硕士20人左右，2年，学生须按学年交纳学费，学费总额为5万元。
育明教育咨询师分析认为，北大翻译硕士考查题目难度较高，推荐英语本专业，尤其是重点本科的英语专业的报考。
北大翻硕百科侧重文学、法律、时政等方面，自然科学考查的不多，翻译理论考查的也不多。
具体考查侧重点，考生可以根据育明教育辅导课程进行学习。
此外，少数民族的考生也可以考虑这个专业。
二.考试参考书1-《中式英语之鉴》Joan Pinkham 、姜桂华著，2000年，外语教学与研究出版社。
2-《英汉翻译简明教程》 庄绎传著， 2002年， 外语教学与研究出版社。
3-《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》 叶子南著， 2001年，清华大学出版社。
4-《非文学翻译理论与实践》 罗进德主编，2004年，中国对外翻译出版公司。
5-《非文学翻译》，李长栓著，2009年9月外语教学与研究出版社出版。
6-《非文学翻译理论与实践》，李长栓著，中国对外翻译出版公司。
具体侧重点大家可以根据育明教育视频课程进行学习。
三.百科知识考点2 / 15全国统一咨询热线：400-6998-626 育明教育官方网址： 第一讲 中国文学知识第一章 中国古代文学第一节 上古时期：神话传说 （1）神话是上古文学的一种重要样式，是原始先民通过幻想以一种不自觉的艺术方式对自然现象和社会生活所作的形象描述和解释，是远古先民生产力和认识水平极其低下的条件下口头创作的，具有集体性、直观性，充满情感、富于想象力。
（2）上古神话的主要内容有：A 、解释自然现象的：女娲补天、女娲造人（始祖神话）、盘古开天（创世神话）（育明教育注：南京大学2011年真题）B 、反映人类同自然斗争的：大禹治水（洪水神话）、后羿射日、精卫填海（反映抗争精神）（育明教育注：上海外国语大学2011年真题，名解）C 、反映社会斗争的：黄帝战蚩尤（战争神话）第二节 先秦时期：散文（历史散文、诸子散文）一、《诗经》《诗经》我国第一部诗歌总集，由孔子编辑。
2014年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研真题,考研参考书
四、将下列段落译为英语（25 分）
今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。中国新一届中央领导集体提出实现中华 民族伟大复兴的中国梦，带领 13 亿中国人民朝着实现“两个一百年”的奋斗 目标迈进。这就是，到 2020 年全面建成小康社会，到本世纪中叶建成社会主 义现代化国家。走过五千载岁月沧桑，历经一百年兴衰沉浮，当代中国站到了 新的历史起点上。
Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities. But other problems have grown. Beijingers fed up with traffic gridl
二、将下列段落译为汉语（25 分）
In 1992, Deng underscored the need to follow through on t he “modernisation” course that he initiated in the 1980s
and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented. These poli cies, pursued by Deng’s successors, spurred extraordinary o verall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.
2013-2014年北京科技大学243日语(二外)考研真题试题试卷汇编
...让知识更美味...
目 录
2013 年北京科技大学243日语(二外)考研真题试题试卷···································2 2014 年北京科技大学243日语(二外)考研真题试题试卷···································7
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第 3 页，共 11 页
芝士传媒 × 题源库
...让知识更美味...
A あります B います C おきます D しまいます 7、来週東京に出張することに＿＿＿＿＿。 A した B なった C いた D みた 8、日本へ＿＿＿＿前に、日本語を勉強しておいたほうがいいです。 A 行く B 行って C 行った D 行け 9、彼はアメリカへ行った＿＿＿があります。 A もの Bの C こと D ところ 10、この問題は難し＿＿＿＿です。 A そう B よう C みたい D らしい 11、作家の夏目漱石を＿＿＿＿か。 A 知ります B 知っています C 知りました D 知ってです 12、李さんにプレゼントを買って＿＿＿＿のに、感謝してくれません。 A もらった B くれた C あげた D いた 13、天気予報に＿＿＿＿、明日は雨が降るそうだ。 A みれば B よれば C すれば D いえば 14、この仕事は彼＿＿＿できません。 A ばかり B ほど C しか D だけ 15、春になる＿＿＿、桜の花が咲きます。 A たら Bば C なら Dと 五、次の各文の内容を最もよく表しているものをそれぞれ A、B、C、D の中か ら最も適当なものを一つだけ選びなさい。 （各 1 点、共 5 点） 文章 1 人間には、 わからないことや知らないことがあって当然である。ただわたし のわからないことや知らないことは、 世間では常識的なことが多いように思う。 だから、それが皆が知っていることだということがわかると、つい、わかった ふりをしてしまう。どうして「わからない」 「知らない」と言えないのか。自 尊心が強いからというより、 物事に対してあまりにも鈍感である自分をさらけ 出したくないのである。素直になりたいものである。 A 物事に対して敏感でありたい。 B 常識的なことは知っておきたい。 C わからないことは「わからない」と言いたい。 D 他人に自分がわからないということを知られたくない。 文章 2 今日ほど「労働」が見失われている時代はないだろう。働くなかで仕事や人 に教えられ、 あるいは人と力を合わせて働くこと、また働いた成果で社会と結 ばれていることを実感し、 それらによって自分の働きの意味と生きていること の意義を確かめられる、 そういったことから私たちはしばらく無縁でいる。 「労 働の喜び」といった表現がひどく古めかしく感じられるほど、 「労働」は私た ちの生活から遠ざかっている。 A「労働」が見失われている時代とは、労働することの意義が実感できなく なった時代である。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,学姐经验
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.翻译硕士词汇辨析5award,rewardaward,reward的用法award v.指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。
2014年北京科技大学243日语(二外)考研真题
/北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题============================================================================================================= 试题编号： 243 试题名称：日语（二外）（共5页）适用专业：外国语言文学说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================一、次の文の下線をついた漢字の読み方を平仮名で書きなさい。
（各0.5点、共10点）1、食事の用意ができました。
2、この車は走るのが速いです。
3、赤ちゃんが丈夫に育ってほしいです。
4、この会社の規模は小さいです。
5、犯人はこの建物かえ消えたらしいです。
6、この酒の品質はいいです。
7、本場の日本料理を食べたいです。
8、この言葉は流行しています。
9、あのビルの3階で展覧会が開かれます。
10、夜中の3時まで残業しました。
二、次の文の下線をついた平仮名を漢字で書きなさい。
（各0.5点、共10点）1、彼のけっせきのりゆうが分かりません。
2、きょうとには有名なてらがたくさんあります。
3、なやみがあったら、そうだんに乗ります。
4、田中さんは小さなまちのしゅっしんです。
5、李先生は経済のじゅぎょうをたんとうします。
6、彼はふつうのにんげんとは違います。
7、こんげつの20日にしけんがあります。
8、ちかてつの駅は家にとおいです。
9、でむかえの時はあいてにちゃんと挨拶することが大事です。
10、しずかなところにすみたいです。
三、次の＿＿＿＿にどんな言葉を入れたらいいか、A、B、C、Dの中から適当/なものを一つだけ選びなさい。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,考研大纲
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.翻译硕士词汇辨析6bewilder,puzzle,confuse,embarrass,perplexbewilder,puzzle,confuse,embarrass,perplex这一组词都有“迷惑”的意思。
2014年北京大学日语,英语翻译硕士考研参考书目,招生人数,复试分数线,考研真题,百科知识精编笔记12
育明教育—中国考研专业课第一品牌——北京大学日语&英语翻译硕士最权威的考研辅导机构2013年育明教育翻译硕士考研辅导喜报·北外翻译硕士百科知识96%命中，作文命中·北航百科知识命中88% ·广外百科知识命中80%·对外经贸大学百科知识命中92%，词条翻译命中80%·北二外词条及文章翻译命中80%，百科知识100%命中·四川外国语大学词条及文章翻译命中78%,百科命中100%·首师大百科知识命中68%，作文命中·外交学院百科与写作，命中78%·北京大学百科与写作命中88%，翻译命中60% 。
梁老师赠言：生命在于奋斗，拼搏就是希望；失败只有一种，那就是放弃努力！育明教育金牌咨询师梁老师建议广大考生，翻译硕士作为专业型硕士从2009年开始招生至今，由于专业型硕士与传统的学术型硕士相比题目要简单些，招生人数更多，此外由于翻译硕士的含金量非常高，所以现在呈现出越来越热门的趋势。
全国绝大部分高校翻译硕士都不出售真题以及指定参考书目。
但是翻译硕士由教育部规定统一的考试题型和考试范围，所以各个高校的翻硕真题题型相似，因此各个高校的翻硕真题对于大家复习就显得非常重要，都很有必要做一做。
通过我对全国高校翻译硕士招生人数以及真题的研究，中国矿业大学（北京）、北京理工大学、北京航空航天大学、北京第二外国语学院、首都师范大学、对外经贸大学、北京科技大学的翻译硕士比较好考，以上学校特别适合跨地区或跨专业或跨学校的翻译硕士考研学员选择。
如果有什么疑问可以通过梁老师的咨询QQ以及咨询热线和我联系，我可以根据各位考生的具体情况给你更加有针对性的咨询解疑。
北京大学翻译硕士百科知识精编笔记12外国文学史名词解释26．迷惘的一代第一次世界大战后美国的一个文学流派。
20年代初，侨居巴黎的美国作家格?斯泰因对海明威说：“你们都是迷惘的一代。
”海明威把这句话作为他第一部长篇小说《太阳照常升起》的题词，“迷惘的一代”从此成为这批虽无纲领和组织但有相同的创作倾向的作家的称谓。
北京科技大学 英语翻译基础 2014年硕士研究生考研真题
北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题============================================================================================================= 试题编号： 357 试题名称：英语翻译基础（共 3 页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
============================================================================================================= 一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP (Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In 1992, Deng underscored the need to follow through on the “modernisation” course that he initiated in the 1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented. These policies, pursued by Deng’s successors, spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now, however, Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended. They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between 7 and 7.5 per cent. 三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a “liveable” one by 2020, with “fresh air and a beautiful environment”. Few praise its progress. Complaints abound about its congestion, pollution, desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing. Even in the state-controlled media, suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital.Beijing has been C hina’s capital for most of the past 600 years. Since the Communist victory in 1949, the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power, the party’s might and their country’s glorious history. To propose a move strikes many as heretical. In recent years, however, some have broken ranks. In 2000 even China’s then Prime Minister, Zhu Rongji, joined the sceptics. The capital, he declared, might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities. But other problems have grown. Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word “shoudu”, meaning capital, in a different tone so that it sounds like “the most congested”. For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city. The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade. The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested, in newspapers as well as online, that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded. Their privileges, common to all those registered as Beijing citizens (ie, not migrants from other provinces), include readier access than most other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities. Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits. But given the allure of Beijing’samenities, it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。
2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,考研大纲
育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：357试题名称：英语翻译基础（共3页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
=============================================================================================================一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP(Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In1992,Deng underscored the need to follow through on the“modernisation”course that heinitiated in the1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented.These policies,pursued by Deng’s successors,spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now,however,Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended.They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between7and7.5per cent.三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a“liveable”one by2020, with“fresh air and a beautiful environment”.Few praise its plaints abound about its congestion,pollution,desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing.Even in the state-controlled media,suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital. Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past600years.Since the Communist victory in 1949,the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power,the party’s might and their country’s glorious history.To propose a move strikes many as heretical.In recent years,however,some have broken ranks.In2000even China’s then Prime Minister,Zhu Rongji,joined the sceptics.The capital,he declared,might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities.But other problems have grown.Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word“shoudu”,meaning capital,in a different tone so that it sounds like“the most congested”.For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city.The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade.The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested,in newspapers as well as online,that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded.Their privileges,common to all those registered as Beijing citizens(ie,not migrants from other provinces),include readier access thanmost other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities.Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits.But given the allure of Beijing’s amenities,it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。
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北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题================================================================================================= ============试题编号： 213 试题名称：翻译硕士日语（共 10 页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
================================================================================================= ============一、次の日本語の外来語を中国語に、中国語を日本語に訳しなさい。
（1×10＝10点）例 レーダー （ 雷达 ） 领导人 （ リーダー ）1センター （ ） 2アクセサリー （ ）3スポーツ （ ） 4クリーニング （ ）5パソコン（ ） 6礼仪 （ ） 7队伍 （ ） 8大楼 （ ） 9规则 （ ） 10印象 （ ）二、次の下線部の平仮名の漢字を括弧の中に書き、そして訳しなさい。
（1×10＝10点）例 家にかえる。
（ 帰 ）11電車はもう横浜駅にとうちゃくしました。
（ ）（ ）12友達とれんらくします。
（ ）（ ）13私はもとより行くきはない。
（ ）（ ）14新鮮な野菜はえいようがある。
（ ）（ ）15べんきょうがむずかしい。
（ ）（ ）16親にたのんでみます。
（ ）（ ）17この部屋はレモンのかおりがする。
（ ）（ ）18さいきんはうんどうしていません。
（ ）（ ）19私はげんきな人が好きです。
（ ）（ ）20明日のゆうがた、名古屋に行きます。
（ ）（ ）三、＿＿＿のところに何を入れるか。
A～Dから最も適切なものを一つ選びなさい。
（1×30＝30点）21 この子はいつも外であそび＿＿＿。
Aたがります Bたいです Cやすいです Dましょう22 先生にお子さんの写真を見せて＿＿＿。
Aやりました Bいただきました Cくださいました Dあげました23 あした友達が来ますからもう掃除して＿＿＿。
Aいます Bありました Cおきました Dおわりました24 急に雨がふり＿＿＿、びっくりしました。
Aだして Bてきて Cだから Dすぎて25 この事件に＿＿＿もっと詳しく知りたい。
Aついて B対して C比べて Dとって26 調査は一週間に＿＿＿行われた。
Aかけて B際して Cわたって Dあたって27 昨日まったく寝ていなかったので、授業中＿＿＿。
A寝るどころではなかった B寝るものかC眠いに相違なかった D眠くてしかたがなかった28 大学進学を決めた＿＿＿勉強しなければならない。
Aといっても B末に Cからには Dくらい29 彼は会議が中止になったと聞いて＿＿＿、教えてくれなかった。
Aいながら Bいたり C以来 Dまま30 家へ＿＿＿としたときに教室の前で先生に呼ばれました。
Aかえる Bかえった Cかえらない Dかえろう31 今調べている＿＿＿です。
少々お待ちください。
Aころ Bところ Cどころ Dごろ32 このモノレールは去年開通した＿＿＿です。
Aところ Bどころ Cばかり Dこと33 森さんは傘を持って＿＿＿ましたか。
Aいく Bいき Cくる Dあげる34 ちょっと手紙を出して＿＿＿ます。
Aいく Bいき Cくる Dき35 戴さんが英語＿＿＿話せますよ。
Aが B を C に Dの36 陳さんは母＿＿＿習って着物が着られるようになりました。
Aが B を C に Dの37 今日は用事があるから行けないんですが、明日＿＿＿暇です。
Aであれば Bだれば Cなら Dであったら38 最近ちょっと太ったから、運動＿＿＿しようと思います。
Aでも Bに Cとか Dを39 張さんは毎日お酒を飲んで＿＿＿います。
Aいるの Bばかり Cいるん Dいるに40 これは軽くて持ち歩くの＿＿＿とても便利です。
Aが Bを Cは Dに41 いくら＿＿＿、何も言わないんだよ。
A聞くから B聞くので C聞くといっても D聞いても42 このゴーカートは子供＿＿＿乗ることができないんですよ。
Aだけ Bでも Cしか Dさえ43 カレーライスを作って＿＿＿。
Aいる Bみる Cいく Dくる44 １０部コピーして＿＿＿ください。
Aおいて Bあって Cいて Dいって45 はさみは引き出しにはいって＿＿＿。
Aある Bおく Cくる Dいる46 このケーキはとてもおいし＿＿＿。
Aそう Bそうだ Cよう Dようだ47 出張で月曜日から３日間、香港へいくことに＿＿＿。
Aした Bなった Cされた Dられた48 馬さんの息子さんは今年小学校に入学する＿＿＿。
Aものだ Bところだ Cそうだ Dことだ49 広州へ飛行機で行くことに＿＿＿。
Aみた Bなった Cきた Dした50 そのパソコンは、たまたまフリーズする＿＿＿＿があります。
Aこと Bもの Cとき D頃四、＿＿＿のところに何を入れるか。
A～Dから最も適切なものを一つ選びなさい。
（2×5＝10点）51 俳優になるなんて無理だと＿＿＿＿、私の小さい時からの夢なんです。
A.言うに及ばないんですが B.言わずもがなのことなんですがC.言わせるときりがないんですが D.言われればそれまでなんですが52 夫がなくなって非常に辛いことだが、＿＿＿＿＿。
これからの生活と子供の将来を考えないといけない。
A.泣いてばかりいられない B.泣かずにはいられないC.泣こうにも泣けない D.泣くほどの子度でもない53 鳥インフルエンザが流行ってこの一ヶ月と言うもの、毎晩安眠＿＿＿＿。
A.ばかりではなかった B.のみにとどまらなかったC.どころではなかった D.だけに言わずもがなだった54 その邪教団体は人を殺す毒ガスは＿＿＿＿、機関銃のような武器も作っていたそうだ。
A.どころの話ではなく B.言うに及ばずC.言わずもがなだけでなく D.のみにとどまらず55 事業が成功するもしないも、われわれ全員＿＿＿＿。
A.の努力にかかっている B.はもちろん成功させたいのだC.の最大の関心事になっている D.もがんばっているところだ五、次の文章を読んで、後ろの問題を答えなさい。
（一）（2×5＝10点）なくなった妻が入院していた病院で、私は「気がきく」ということの重要性をつくづく学ばされた経験がある。
癌が手遅れになってしまい、もはや死が避けられない状態になっていた妻は、個室に移った。
そこで、ある一人の看護婦さんに来てもらいたい、と妻がしきりに言うようになった。
「看護婦の仕事にはローテーションがあるから、特定の人だけに来てもらうわけにはいかない。
わがままを言っては駄目だよ。
」私が言うと、妻は「分かっているけど」と言いながらも、その一人の看護婦さんに自分はついてもらいたいのだと言った。
なぜ、妻はそんなにその看護婦さんがいいと思ったのか。
当時の私は仕事がなく、妻につきっきりでいられたので、やってくる看護婦さんたちを観察することにした。
（①）、たしかに妻が「ついてほしい」と言った看護婦さんは、仕事の仕方が他の人とは②ひと味違っていることに気がついた。
たとえば、注射を打つとき、他の看護婦さんは「注射をしますよ」と言って手際よく処置し、「お大事に」と言って部屋を出て行くが、妻が好む看護婦さんは「注射をしますよ」と言うだけでなく、「今日は顔色がいいわね」とか、「あら、今日もご主人がいらっしゃるのね。
いいご主人じゃない。
こんなに優しくしてくれるご主人はいないんだから、早くよくならないとね」と言葉をかけていく。
（④）、患者の立場に立って、一生懸命励ましている気配りある行動が、妻の心をつかんだのだ。
人間は相手の心に気がつき、相手のために気がきくかどうかで、天と地ほどの差が出てくる。
妻の死と引き替えに、私は③この大事な人生の教訓を妻から贈られたと思っている。
妻は遠い世界に旅立っていたが、それ以来、私は「気がつく講師」「（⑤）講師」になりたいという気持ちで仕事をしている。
61 ①に入る言葉は、どれか。
Aそこで Bただし Cそれから Dすると62 ④に入る言葉は、どれか。
Aつまり Bそれとも Cそれなら Dなお63 下線②「ひと味違っている」とは、どんな意味か。
A何か少し間違っている B人によって好む味が違うC同じものに見えるが実は全然違うD大きく変わらないがどこか少し違う64 下線③「この大事な人生の教訓」とは、どんなことか。
（ ）A相手の心に気がつき、相手の心をつかむことが大切だという教訓B相手の立場に立って、相手を一生懸命励ますことが大切だという教訓C相手の心に気がつき、気配りのある行動をすることが大切だという教訓D相手の立場に立って、言葉を使い分けるようにすることが大切だという教訓65 ⑤に入る言葉はどれか。
（ ）A気になる B気がきく C気に入る D気が合う（二）（２×５＝１０点）ベルギーの画家ルネ・マグリットに、昼と夜が同居した連作「光の帝国」がある。
窓あかりの家と街灯、黒い木立の上は、なぜか青い空と白い雲だ。
作者は〈夜と昼の想起は我々を脅かし、魅了する力を備えている〉と注釈を添えた▼科学の言葉では説きづらいが、かの国に暮らした頃、そうした情景を見た覚えがある。
土地の空気がもたらす超現実とでも言うのか、長い夜が待つ晩秋から初冬の、日没後の一瞬だったと思う▼英語のトワイライト、日本で①逢魔（おうま）が時（とき）と呼ばれる時間帯である。
心細い光の中で、起こり得ないこと、あり得ないものを心の耳目がとらえる。
薄暮の歩道で、亡き人の面影とすれ違った経験をお持ちでなかろうか▼そんな幻想を追い立てるように、今年も電飾がまぶしい季節となった。
東京都心の六本木ヒルズでは、日本庭園にまで発光ダイオードの粒が散らされ、ケヤキ並木も②青白い実をつけた。
高層ホテルは、窓を使った巨大ツリーを競う▼上が暗く、下が明るいのはマグリットの作品とは逆ながら、これから年末にかけての街も「光の帝国」には違いない。
延々と続く「昼」に、家族が集い、恋人たちが憩う。
きらめく夜はなるほど幻想的だが、それは現実であって幻想ではない▼火ともし頃が恋しい候。
ひと粒のあかり、ひと筋の光明は、あたりが暗いほど胸にしみる。
夜汽車の窓にぽつんと浮かんだ灯火に、何ごともない日常、一家だんらんの愛（いと）おしさを見たのは、フーテンの寅さんだった。
③抱きしめたくなるような光は、すっかり貴重品である。
（『朝日新聞』天声人語より）66 ルネ・マグリットの「光の帝国」はどんな作品ですか。