最新大画幅镜头规格：4X5
Canon Loupe 4x与6x精密镜头系列产品说明书
Section 6Loupes35mm, All-Purpose . .292, 294-29921⁄4˝, All-Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . .293Groundglass,All-Purpose . .292, 299All-Purpose, Misc. . . . . . . . .292-299Linen Testers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29935m m /A L L P U R P O S E F O C U S I N G L O U P E S292Iston APO 4x LoupeKenko Precision LoupesCanon LoupesPrecisionLoupe 4x (PR-4X)Fully covers35mm film frame.For viewing slide or negative film with adjustable focus. The 45mm base with a sliding hood, easily convertsfrom opaque (for viewing film) to clear (for viewing prints). 1G, 2E construction. Dimensions are 2.2x 3˝ (55 x 76mm). Weighs 3.9 oz.(110g).Item # KELP4X..................89.95Precision Loupe 6x (PR-6X)Same as above with 6x magnifi-cation. Its dimensions are 2.2 x 3.1˝ (55 x 78mm), and it weighs 5.3 oz. (150g).Item # KELP6X................119.95Canon Loupe 4x (C559351)High performance super spectra coated magnifier for viewing a full-size 35mm frame in high resolution. Color aberration and distortion is completely elimi-nated. 30mm wide-eye point allows less fatigue. Focusable from -4 to +1 diopter. Bottom skirt is interchangeable for film and print viewing. Includes 2skirts, eyecup, eyecup with neck strap and case. Dimensions are 2x 2.5˝(53 x 63mm). Weighs 3.8oz. (180g).Item # CAL4X..................129.95Canon Loupe 8x (C559361)Same as above with 8x magnifi-cation. 4 groups, 2 elements.Dimensions are 2 x 1.6˝(51 x 41mm). Weighs 3.4 oz. (96g).Item # CAL8X..................169.95Rodenstock Loupe 4x (260010)4x magnifier. Free of visible dis-tortion, even at the border area.Minimizes stray light evenagainst very bright backgrounds.Built-in focusing diopter, 25mm wide eye-point with built-on rubber eye cup. Base is built with a sliding hood. Easily converts loupe from 73x52mm opaque (for viewing film) to clear (for prints or groundglass focusing).Dimensions are 2.9 x 2˝ (73 x 52mm). Weighs 2.8oz. (80g).Item # ROL4X....................99.95Schneider Loupe 4xHigh quality multi-coated 4x magnifier with optimal image quality. 30mm wide eye-point allows less eye fatigue. Built-in focusing diopter. Bottom skirt is interchangeable for film, print and glass viewing. Dimensions are 2.7 x 1.9˝ (68 x 48mm).Weighs 2.4 oz. (68g).Black (080-37642)Item # SCL4XB................109.00Blue (080-26073)Item # SCL4XBL..............118.95Gray (080-26074)Item # SCL4XG................118.95Pink (080-26075)Item # SCL4XP................118.95Schneider Aspheric Loupe 6x Same as above with 6x magnifi-cation, and aspheric glass ele-ments. Available in black color.Weighs 3.8 oz. (106g).Item # SCL6XA................254.00Iston APO 4x LoupeCopy of the German 4x loupe.Coated aspherical glass optics with built-in focusing diopter.Shows full 35mm slide. Includes 2 interchangeable skirts - clear for viewing prints and black for viewing slides. Metal construc-tion. 26mm wide eye point;2 x 2.6˝ (50 x 66mm). Weighs 3.5 oz. (100g).Item # ISL4X......................49.95Focus Extension Ring For APO 4x.Item # ISFERL4X.................9.95Contax Triotar T* Loupe 5x (680-010)A Carl Zeiss high-performance,2-group, 3-element 5x magnify-ing glass featuring a wide visual field of coverage (24x36mm).Optical glass manufactured with world famous Carl Zeiss’ T*coating. Effective viewing field of 45mm. 20mm wide eye point allows less fatigue. Built-in focusing adapter adjustable between +0.5 and -4. The lower section is designed with a sleeve interchange “Transparent Light Sleeve” for viewing prints, and the “The Shading Sleeve” for viewing slides on a light box. 2 x 22.4˝ (52 x 62mm). Weighs just 3.4oz (95g).Item # COL5X.................179.95NPC Pro Loupe 5.5x51⁄2˝ magnification integral black anodized aluminum loupe with an aluminum skirt that can be used in the up or down position-for viewing prints or transparen-cies, or as a focusing aid with a view camera. 45mm effective viewing field. Dimensions are 2.2 x 2.4˝ (56 x 62mm). Weighs 5oz. (142g).Item # NPL5.5X...............109.95Peak Zoom Loupe 816 (PK2044)Permits stepless change of mag-nification for posed of 8 lenses in 6groups for zooming from 8x to 16x, it keeps sufficient bright-ness in each stage of magnifica-tion with the least optical aber-ration. The black body, with finished aluminum precision machining, allows smoothzooming. Click stops of desired magnification from 8x, 10x,12x, 14x and 16x. Multi-groove screw helicoid system fordiopter focus adjustment (+2.5to -5) ensures smooth opera-tion. Field of view zooms 20mm to 10mm. Dimensions are 1.8x2.6˝ (45x65mm), weight 5.3oz. (149g).Item # PE2044.................189.95Wista StandardFocusing Loupe 5x (1046)A powerful 5x magnifier designed for all-purpose viewing. 3-ele-ment optical glass, a built-in focusing diopter, interchangeable bottom skirts for viewing prints and for groundglass or slide view-ing. With neck strap.Item # WIL5X....................49.95Schneider Loupe 4xWe Exhibit at National and Regional Shows/ConventionsHorizon 4x Stand Loupe (GHZ104)This all-purpose loupe uses high resolution lenses with chromatic aberration. Wide square vision (48 x 48mm).Features both a semi-transpar-ent and black bottom skirt for use with different lighting con-ditions. Includes built-in focus-ing diopter with a 29mm wide eye-point. Dimensions are 2 x 2x 2.6˝ (54 x 54 x 65mm), weight 3.6oz. (104g).Item # HOL4XVF..............39.95Schneider 6x6 Magnifier (08039816)High quality multicoated 4x mag-nifier with optimal image quality.30mm wide eye point for less eye fatigue. Built-in focusing diopter.56x56mm bottom skirt is inter-changeable for film, print and glass viewing. Dimensions are 2.4x 2.4 x 3.4˝ (60 x 60 x 86mm)Weighs 4.4 oz. (124g). With strap.Item # SCL66...................224.00Hasselblad Base Plate Adapter Item # SCHAL66...............95.95L O U P E S21⁄4˝/A L L P U R P O S E L O U P E SL O U P E S293Kenko PrecisionLoupe 3x for 6x7 (PR3X)A 3x magnification loupe. Fully covers 6x7 film frame. Ideal for viewing slide and negative with adjustable focus diopter. The sliding hood on the base,easily converts loupe from opaque (for viewing film) to clear (for viewing prints or for groundglass viewing).Item # KELP3X.............................159.95Kenko Precision LoupePeterson Viewing Lens SystemEschenbach Standlupe 4x (GEB627)A large 4x full-frame magnifier.Aspherical acrylic lens with duplex coating gives sharp images over a 3˝ field of view.High eye-point allows the eye to be further away from the loupe.Great for larger slides, negatives and prints. Eye piece width has 55mm effective viewing field(66x66mm). Dimensions are 3 x 3 x 2.4˝ (78 x 76 x 60mm),weight only 3oz. (84g).Item # ES2616....................29.95Peterson 6x6 Viewing Lens SystemFor critical viewing of reflected and transmitted light. 85mm focal length is ideal for viewing 35mm and 120mm images. Specially coated multi-ele-ment rare earth cemented achromatic lens. Unique 15mm depth of field allows the viewing lens to be tilted off axis while retaining good focus.This eliminates constant adjusting of the lens for different viewers. Clear or black skirt for viewing prints or slides. 21⁄4and 35mm rubber masks. Item # PEV66................................................................................119.95Kenco Excelupe 5x (EC5X)High quality all-purpose 5x magnification loupe that covers the 6x6 frame, with high eye-point.Distortion free. Adjustable focusing lens. The base is built with a translucent skirt for viewing prints or slides. Multicoated, 2G, 3E construc-tion with a 55mm effective field of view. 2.5 x 2.7˝ (64 x 68mm). Weighs just 7.4 oz. (210g).Item # KELE5X............................................119.95Rodenstock 6x6 Aspheric Magnifier (260200)A high-quality aspheric 3x magnifier. Resolves even the finest details with high contrast over the entire 86mm diagonal image area. 33mm wide eye point for less eye fatigue. Built-in diopter correction from 0 to -2. Bottom skirt is reversible for film, print and flass viewing. 3 x 3x 3.9˝ (75 x75 x 100mm). Weighs 7.1 oz (202g).Item # ROL66...............................................229.95Slide Viewing AttachmentFor viewing 35mm slides with available light.Item # PESVA...........................................9.50Hasselblad AttachmentFor viewing directly onto a Hasselblad focusing screen.Item # PEHA..............................................................9.50294Peak Suction Cup Magnifier 10x (PK1993)A 10x loupe that enables photog-rapher to focus view cameras with two hands, with the loupe held in place on the groundglass by the suction cup. Lens diame-ter is 30mm, dimensions are 2.4x2˝ (60x51mm) and weight is 1.2oz (35g).Item # PE1993....................29.95Jobo Loupe 4x (3543)Fully covers 35mm film frame.For viewing slide or negative film with adjustable focus. Base easily converts from opaque to clear.1G, 2E construction. 2.2 x 3˝ (55x 76mm). Weighs 3.9 oz. (110g).Item # JOL4X.....................65.95Horizon Focusing Loupe 10x (GHZ102)2-dimensional 10x magnifier.Features achromatic multicoat-ed glass lens in aluminum con-struction. Base includes inter-changeable opaque and clear lucite glass scale.Item # HOL10X.................39.95Horizon Focusing Loupe 8x (GHZ103)Features high power 8x magnifi-cation achromatic glass. One inch viewing lens. Aluminum construction. Base made of rec-tangular lucite for clear and shadowless viewing. Etched mil-limeter scale.Item # HOL8X...................29.95The Schneider focus loupes provide precise focusing of groundglass images, in studio cameras, laboratory and all-purpose use. The color corrected and multi-coated lenses enable objects to be viewed 6, 8 or 10x.Focus LoupesSchneider Focus LoupesAll-Purpose Loupes*Extends 24mm for hood viewingSchneider 6x Magnifier (080-39642)With strap.Item # SCL6X...............159.00Schneider 8x Magnifier (080-39643)With strap.Item # SCL8X...............174.00Schneider 10x Magnifier (080-39203)With strap.Item # SCL10X.............244.00Toyo 3.6x Groundglass Focusing Magnifier (180-301)A powerful 3.6x magnifier with rubber base (to avoid scratching groundglass), rubber eyepiece (for eye glass wearers), coated optics and neck strap. Focal length of 60mm. Constructed of 2E, 2G glass.Item # TOL........................39.95Wista StandardFocusing Loupe 5x (1046)A powerful 5x magnifier designed for all-purpose viewing. 3-ele-ment optical glass, a built-in focusing diopter, interchangeable bottom skirts for viewing prints and for groundglass or slide view-ing. With neck strap.Item # WIL5X....................49.95Wista Hood Loupe 7x (1045)The Wista Hood Loupe 7x is a high powered 7x magnifier designed for groundglass view-ing. It can be extended almost an inch (24mm) for viewing through cameras with a folding focusing hood. 3-element opti-cal glass and diopter focusing.Item # WIL7X....................94.95Schneider Focus LoupesHorizon Focusing Loupe 8x (GHZ2103)Horizon Focusing Loupe 10x (GHZ103)Members of PPA, ASMP , PSA, NPPA and NANPAG R O U N D G L A S S A N D A L L -P U R P O S E L O U P E SL O U P E SACHROMATIC, LIGHT GATHERING AND EYE-RELIEF LOUPESL O U P E S295Peak Loupe 15x (PK1962)A high magni-fication all-purpose loupe with a coated achromatic 2G, 3E lens.Item #PE1962...............................17.95Kenko 9x Achromatic Loupe 9xKenko 9x Excelupe 8xPeak Loupe 4xKenko Excelupe 8x (EC8X)High power 8x magnification.High quality with high eye point. Distortion free.Adjustable focus. Base is built with translucent skirt for view-ing prints or slides.Item # KELE8X............129.95Kenko Long Eye Relief 8x (LEYE)High power 8x magnification.Extra long eye relief (high eye point) allows viewing subject from 113⁄4˝ (3cm). Ideal for industrial or medical use.Removable clear acrylic base.Item # KELLER..............99.95These Kenko loupes incorporate a fully corrected achromatic lens design. Convenient mid-sized adjustable focus. They all have a large field-of-view to cover larger negatives. The bases are clear acrylic.Kenko Excelupe and Long Eye Relief LoupesKenko Achromatic LoupesPeak LoupesKenko 3x Achromatic Loupe (ACL3X)Item # KELA3X..................79.95Kenko 5x Achromatic Loupe (ACL5X)Item # KELA5X..................94.95Kenko 9x Achromatic Loupe (ACL9X)Item # KELA9X..................68.50Peak Loupe 4x (PK2038)High-resolution achromatic lenses with corrected chromatic aber-ration. 45 x 45mm wide square vision. Smart body design makes it useful as an all-purpose magnifier. Semi-transparent skirt forchecking photographic films and black skirt for checking the focus of a large-focus camera. In addition, a multi-groove screw helicoid system, (ordinarily employed for camera lenses) is used for diopter adjustment, ensuring a very smooth operation. Dimensions are 2 x 2.6 x 2˝ (51 x 65 x 51mm). Weighs just 2.8oz. (80g).Item # PE2038..........................................................................59.95Kenko 3x AchromaticLoupe➧Kenko 5x AchromaticLoupeA L L P U R P O S E , S C A L E , A N D A N A S T I G M A T I C L O U P E S296All-Purpose Scale LoupesPeak Scale Loupe 10x (PK1983)A high power precision achromatic all-purpose 10x magnifier (2G4E) with focusing diopter and printed removable scale.Item # PE1983...........................................................................................................................................59.95Peak Scale Loupe 7x (PK1975)An all-purpose high power 7x loupe. Excellent 2G3E achromatic lenses. With focusing diopter and printed removable scale.Item # PE1975.................................................38.95Peak Mini Comparator (Scale) Loupe 7x (PK2015)Same as 7x scale loupe, but smaller and lighter.Item # PE2015.................................................49.95Peak Scale Loupe 15x (PK2016)A wide field 15x magnifying glass with 3-groups and 4-elements. By observing through the magni-fier and printed scale, the user can measure the length angle precisely, etc. This loupe can be used as an independent magnifier by removing the transparent skirt and turning the focusing diopter to the left.Item # PE2016.................................................79.95Peak Professional Anastigmatic LoupesPeakAnastigmaticLoupe 7xPeakAnastigmatic Loupe 4xUsed Equipment Bought, Sold and TradedL O U P E SM A G N I F I E R SL O U P E S297Eschenbach 3.5xHand/Stand Pocket MagnifierBestwell Maxi Loupe 10xFeatures quality optics 8x magnification with a 2˝viewing lens, mounted in metal construction.Fully adjustable clear lucite stand.Item # BEML2..................................................24.95Hama Standing Magnifier 4x Round (5484)Big magnifier with aspherical lens. Bright,distortion-free view with 4x magnification. Clear base for viewing from the top (stamps, negatives orcontact prints). Its diameter size is 23⁄4˝ (70mm), height23⁄8˝ (60mm) and weighs 2.9oz. (84g).Item # HAMR4X.............................................26.50Eschenbach 3.5x Hand/Stand Pocket Magnifier (GEB050)Multi-purpose magnifier for home or away. The stand magnifier offers perfect focus with the cor-rect distance. It can be converted into a fixed focus stand magnifier. The aspheric PXM light-weight lens with a diameter of 60mm features a magnification factor of 3.5X and provides perfect focus at the edges. Weighs 2.6oz. (74g).Item # ES2050..................................................39.95Eschenbach Stand Magnifier 6x (GEB626)6x magnification loupe used wherever work has to be done beneath a high magnification lens, and as a high magnification visual aid. Lens aspherical, PXM lightweight lens with Duplex-Coating. Transparent plastic base for clear and shadowless viewing, with rectangular cut-outs to slide film through.Item # ES2626..................................................26.95MagnifiersBestwell Maxi Loupe 10xEschenbach StandMagnifier 6xHama Standing Magnifier4xPeak Loupe 30xStand LoupesPeak Loupe 5x (PK1960)A very practical magnifier with an acrylic tube. Lightweight and bright.Item # PE1960...................12.95Peak SteinheilLoupe 10x (PK198510)With leather case. A color cor-rected 3-element composite,15mm eyepiece width lens.High resolution throughout the wide field of view. The classic high-quality high power (10x)loupe slips into a .9 x 1.4 x .8˝(22 x 36 x 20mm) holder and weighs. 7oz. (20g).Item # PE1985...................69.95Beseler Loupe 8xProfessionally designed with 8x magnification, this loupe is both lightweight and pocket sized.Item # BEL8X......................6.95Renders tonal values as they will be reproduced by the film.Preview shadows and highlights.Folds into case. Supplied with eyelet for neck strap.Peak Viewing Filter PV1F for Black & White (1967M)Item # PE1967M................49.95Peak Viewing Filter TC1F for Color (1967C)Item # PE1967C.................49.95Peak Loupe 22x (PK1964)A high grade, powerful 22x magnifier with a coated achro-matic 3G4E lens.Item # PE1964...................26.95Peak Loupe 30x (PK1996)A simple 7mm eyepiece microscope type loupe with 4-element, 2-group construction. The image remains erect. Its dimensions are .7x 1.4˝ (18 x 35mm) and it weighs just .3oz. (8g).Item # PE1996...............................................................................49.95Viewing FiltersPeak Viewing Filter PV1FL I G H T G A T H E R I N G A N D S P E C I A L T Y L O U P E S 298EschenbachLight Loupe 3xPeak Light Loupe 10xEschenbach LightIlluminated MagnifiersSpecialty LoupesEschenbach Light Loupe(Leuchtlupe) 3x (GEB527)For extra illumination.Features an aspherical acrylic3x magnification biconvex lenscovering almost 4˝. Great for21⁄4slides, larger prints orPolaroid shots. (Requires Cbatteries.)Item # ES1555..................39.95Eschenbach Light Loupe(Leuchtlupe) 6x (GEB552)An extremely lightweight torchmagnifier, the EschenbachLight Loupe 6x features anaspherical acrylic 6x magnifica-tion covering a 2˝ (50mm)field. Great for 35mm contactsheets, prints, Polaroid prints,etc. (Requires C batteries.)Item # ES1552..................34.95Eschenbach Light Loupe(Leuchtlupe) 4.2x (GEB525)Features an aspherical acrylic4.2x magnification lens cover-ing a 2˝ field. Great for 35mm,contact sheets, etc. (Requires Cbatteries.)Item # ES1525..................39.95Peak Light Loupe 10x (PK1966)Designed for use when extraillumination is necessary. Itoffers a high power 10xmagnification and wide visualfield. The effective viewingfield is 42mm. The flashlight ismade of metal and the clearlens is shielded by a hard plas-tic holder. The clear baseworks with or without thebuilt-in light. Operates withtwo C batteries.Item # PE1966..................26.95 Glasses not includedEschenbach2.5xClip-OnStereo Magnifier (1642)Iston Retouching Loupe (R10x)Peak5xMagneticLoupe(1986)Peak Head Loupe (2035)Literature Available Upon RequestPeak Head Loupe (PK2035)The Peak Head Loupe is an extremely lightweighthead loupe, with two varying magnifications inone device. Comes with adjustable headband.Magnification: 2.2x and 3.3x. The dimensions are7.5 x 2.8 x 9.9˝ (190 x 70 x 250mm). The HeadLoupe weighs 3.5oz. (100g).Item # PE2035.................................................39.95Peak 5x Magnetic Loupe (PK1986)The Peak 5x Magnetic Loupe is designed for view-ing metal instruments with precision. This 5xmagnifier allows hands-free use. Two magnets inthe base adhere to all steel. Also handy for usewith cameras. Lens diameter is 30mm, dimen-sions are 1.7 x .8 x 12˝ (44 x 20 x 30mm) andweight is 1⁄2oz. (15g).Item # PE1986.................................................19.95Iston Retouching Loupe (GST111)Features metal construction, three coated opticalelements and a swing-out design which preventsthe scratching of mounted 35mm slide or medi-um format film. Allows comfortable viewing from12˝ away. A perfect companion for 4x loupe.Folds down to 2.4x1.2x1.3˝ (60x30x33mm) andweighs 4.2oz. (118g).Item # ISL10X.................................................58.50Eschenbach 2.5x Clip-On Stereo Magnifier (GEB642)Keep your hands free for spotting prints, sortingslides, fixing cameras, etc. Gives a magnifier-to-subject working distance of about 7˝, and thetwin lenses hinge up and out of the way whenthey are not needed. Features a neat clamp framethat attaches to your own eyeglasses.Item # ES1642..................................................49.95Light Loupe 6xPeak LightLoupe 10xL O U P E SG E N E R A L A L L -P U R P O S E L O U P E S &L I N E N T E S T E R SL O U P E S299Saunders Light-Gathering Magnifiers 4xThe saunders light-gathering loupe is a superbly crafted, solid acrylic magnifier that intensifies the light which passes through it, making the magnified subject clearer and brighter. Innovative optical engineer-ing and precision lens grinding are the power behind its performance. Available in three diameters -51mm for viewing 35mm images, stamps, coins and other small objects (weighs 2.4oz./68g); 64mm for 35mm and medium format film reading (weighs 4.7oz./134g); 90mm for medium format negatives, 4x5˝film and other general applications (weighs 13.1oz./372g). All three sizes have 4x magnification and the same light intensification.Saunders MagnabriteLight Loupe 51mm (175-412)Item # SAM4X51..............12.95Saunders MagnabriteLight Loupe 64mm (175-406)Item # SAM4X64..............16.95Saunders MagnabriteLight Loupe 90mm (175-401)With pouch case.Item # SAM4X90..............41.95Peak Loupe 8x (PK2018)Great for 35mm camera use.This 8x magnifier is specially designed to cover the entire 24x36mm area of 35mm film frames. Most ideal for checking negatives. This high-grade magnifier has a 24x37mm angular object lens and a two-element achromatic lens in the eyepiece. The bottom part of the skirt is engraved with a 30mm long 1mm pitch scale. It can be used without obstructing the field of view.The dimensions are 1.8 x 1.9 x 1.5˝ (4 x 49 x 39mm), and it weighs 1.9 oz. (54g). Supplied neck strap.Item # PE2018..................29.95Peak Puncher and Holder (PK2018PH)A convenient accessory used with 8x loupe (#2018) for view-ing mounted slides, by lifting to existing light source. Also used for long roll as a “V” puncher to the film perforation.Item # PEPH2018............14.95Peak Loupe 8x withPuncher and Holder (PK2018WPH)8x magnifier (2018)andPuncher & Holder (2018PH),as listed above.Item # PE2018PH............39.95Agfa Loupe 8xProfessional design 8x magnifica-tion. Lightweight and pocket size.Item # AGL8X....................5.95EschenbachAll-Purpose Loupe 8x (GEB153)Affordable 8x aplanatic loupe with field diameter of about an inch, mounted in a transparent skirt.Item # ES1153..................14.95Peak Loupe 10x (PK1961)A moderately priced, all-purpose magnifier with a wide visual field. The effective viewing field is 42mm. The Peak Loupe 10x is also available as a light loupe (#1966), or as a suction cup loupe (#1993). Dimensions are 1.7 x 1.6˝ (44 x 40mm).Weighs .7 oz. (18g)Item # PE1961..................19.95Iston Mini Linen Tester (GST125)The Iston Mini Linen Tester is a small, compact 10x linen tester.Black color, metal construction.It is ideal for small coins, etc. It folds down to 35 x 22 x 10mm and weighs 1⁄2oz. (18g).Item # ISLT10X.................17.95Peak Linen Tester 6x (PK1006SA3)The Peak Linen Tester is a black colored 6x powered folding alu-minum loupe with one optical lens element. The base size is 1˝(25mm). It weighs 1.5 oz. (43g).Item # PE1006SA3.............19.95Horizon 4x Linen Tester (GHZ101)The Horizon 4x power folding aluminum loupe, has an effec-tive viewing field of 1.2x1.2˝(31x31mm) with an eyepiece width of 25mm. Folded size is 1.8x2.2x.6˝ (45x57x15mm),weight 1.3oz. (38g).Item # HOL4XFF..............19.95Eschenbach 5xJumbo Linen Tester (GEB270)Traditional linen tester that folds down flat to 2x 1⁄2˝(50x15mm) and weighs just .7oz. (20g) for easy carrying.Provides 11⁄4x11⁄4˝ field with scale marks on two edges.Item # ES1270....................19.50General All-Purpose LoupesLinen TestersIston Mini LinenTesterAgfa Loupe 8xSaunders Magnabrite Light Loupe 64mmEschenbach All-PurposeLoupe 8xPeak Loupe 8xPeak Loupe 10xHorizon 4x Linen TesterPeak Linen Tester 6x。
小众大画幅木机简评：日本长冈4×5
小众大画幅木机简评：日本长冈4×5什么是大画幅相机简单讲，每个大画幅相机都可以简单看作镜头＋皮腔＋对焦屏幕的组合，这么讲的话所有大画幅相机都一样。
但其实厂家在设计每个连接旋钮和锁紧螺母的布局不同的话，可以让两台相机大相径庭。
有些人机交互非常脑残，有些设计就很巧妙，让人能使用起来非常舒爽。
长冈的设计就是那种让人很舒爽的。
可能唯一需要适应一下的就是折叠操作，不过很快就会熟练了。
就像是我刚买了brompton 自行车的第一个星期一样，每次折叠都显得笨手笨脚，现在6得一笔。
从纸面规格看，长冈可能不如Ebony等某些更高级的相机那样姿势更极限更丰富。
长冈的设计理念就是简洁够用: 比它功能丰富的没它轻便，比它轻便的功能又不如它好用。
该相机轻巧紧凑，即使在长时间徒步旅行时，也很容易装入背包，不会疲劳。
一台裸机也就刚刚超过1kg。
这个相机品牌在国内远不如linhof、Ebony等如雷贯耳，也不如Horseman、Wista等家喻户晓，所以它的价格是大部分人都能接受的。
长冈大画幅相机这台相机重量仅为1.18kg，可以说比很多全画幅单反都要轻了。
相机折叠后的尺寸为：17.8 x 20.3 x 6.4厘米（WxDxH）。
相机可使用65mm至300mm的镜头，皮腔最长延伸范围为330mm。
它由樱桃木制成，具有天然漆面，金属部件为黄铜，镀铬。
根据官方说明，长冈制作所4×5相机的技术动作参数为：前面板：向后倾斜45º，向前倾斜25º。
后面板：向后18º，向前55º。
前挥杆：每侧8º，共16º。
上升和下降（前面板）：向上2.3厘米，向下2.8厘米。
使用最大后仰角度进行上升和下降：向上4.7厘米，向下7厘米。
该相机有两种版本（原始的长冈4×5和II型，以及8×10和9×12版本。
II型的用户手册如下所示）。
展开和收起相机相机上有一个小的挂钩，可以在不使用时将其关闭。
大画幅相机摄影
大画幅相机技术之沙姆定律所谓沙姆定律就是当被摄体平面、影像平面、镜头平面这三个面的延长面相交于一直线时，即可得到全面清晰的影像.利用沙姆定律拍摄，从最近处的小草沙砾，到最远处的山石灌木都能确保持纤毫毕现，这对于普通的照相机和镜头而言，即使是最小光圈也无法做到。
而对于古老而灵活的大画幅相机而言，只要三个平面汇聚在一起，即使是最大光圈，也依然可以获得极大的清晰范围。
由于这个规律是1894年，由奥地利检测员沙拇弗洛格首先发现的，所以被人们称作“沙姆定律”或“沙氏定理”。
沙姆定律所谓的三个平面，即：被摄体平面（景物）、胶片平面（后组部分）以及镜头平面（前组部分）汇聚于照相机下面的一个假想点，摆前调整量越小，后组的摆动幅度就越大，后组摆动幅度小，前组的摆动幅度就大。
运样，三个平面相交于一点，能够使倾斜的被摄体获得最大的清晰范围。
事实上，这种改变焦平面位置的技术不同于常规的景深概念，它具有更加灵活的特点。
基于“沙姆定律”及透视调整两大法则，大画幅相机可以利用平移、升降、俯摆，甚至垂直旋转等方式拍摄出各种具有超常视觉效果的照片。
二、沙姆定律技术要点相机的选择。
能够实现“沙姆定律”的不仅仅是大画幅相机，一些具有调整功能的中画幅相机及135相机使用的部分移轴镜头也可以不同程度地实现这一法则。
其中，单轨大画幅相机在调整的灵活性方面具有较大优势。
前组的调整。
摆前的调整对镜头的照盖范围的影响非常重要，尤其是远处的景物很容易出现“遮挡”，应密切观察聚焦屏效果。
后组的调整。
后背的调整也能增加倾斜的被摄体平面景深，或者改变影像的形状。
所以“沙姆定律”要组合前组和后组的调整，才能以最小的照盖力获得最大的清晰范围。
[ 此贴被喇嘛哥在2009-02-01 12:01重新编辑 ]佛告诉俺说:看别人不顺眼,是自己修养不够.Posted: 2009-02-01 11:55 | [楼主]喇嘛哥级别: 天使精华: 4发帖: 1752经验: 496 点积分: 17563 点贡献值: 0 点魅力值: 6 点在线时间:888(小时)注册时间:2004-07-07最后登录:2009-04-13 小中大沙姆定律与反沙姆定律级|曝光值读数的误差计算平移矫正直线后座调整改变透视莎姆定律（全都清晰）使主体平面，前镜组，后镜组平面同交于一直线上反沙姆定律（一点清晰）全不相交对焦：前后镜组轴向平移（例与光轴平行）改变成像比例：前后镜组轴向平移改变透视：后镜组摇摆和俯仰像圈的移位：前镜组上下左右平移在像圈内改变幅面：后镜组上下左右平移像圈的定位：前镜阻摇摆和俯仰清晰平面的定位：前后镜组摇摆和俯仰直接平移可以最好的利用基座的最大平移范围。
大画幅4×5
大画幅4×5（文章较长，请大家慢慢看）提起4×5相机，这对很多资深发烧友和专业摄影师并不陌生，4×5是指这类相机所使用的底片具有4英寸乘以5英寸的大画幅，许多摄影师用它来拍摄风光、广告、建筑和人像等，其实4×5相机只是技术相机家庭中的一个小兄弟，还有5×7英寸相机和8×10英寸相机甚至更大型画面的照相机。
4×5相机虽不及8×10相机所拍摄的照片那样细腻，但它同样能够矫正景物透视变形、控制景深、同时又具有体积较小、重量较轻、拍摄成本较低、画幅较大的优势，能够适应绝大部分拍摄题材的要求，它所具备的技术素质是现有120相机和135相机无法比拟的。
4×5相机有单轨、双轨之分。
轨是指承载前组、后组并可在上面滑动的轨道，在双轨相机的基础上，发展出了单轨相机，早期的木制相机均属于双轨，现代木制相机仍未失宠，且很多摄影师对它还情有独钟，因为较之金属制品，它的重量较轻，这对于风光摄影师来讲，优点实在明显。
在高原缺氧，长途跋涉的情况下，每一公斤都是沉重的负担，有些人同时使用的三脚架也为木制，除了这种三脚架遇风时没有共振的优点外，就是因为它轻、易携带。
但木制相机也有不尽如人意的地方，例如旋钮较多，不够坚固，前后组不能作较大移动移动等缺点，但熟练以后，仍是一件顺手的兵器，木制相机有国产沙慕尼、申豪、国仕、日本产骑士（HORSEMAN），金属质地的双轨相机有德制林哈夫（LINHLF）特艺卡23/45型和2000型，日制骑士45FA及星座（TOYO）45A等。
单轨相机较双轨相机具有更加灵活的置换性，相机的主要部件都可以随意组合、装卸，单轨相机有更加广泛的可变性，前后组的摇摆、仰俯、平移、升降都有更大的幅度，在广告、建筑摄影中有更加明显的优势，但单轨相机折叠后体积仍然较大，不便于携带，在换用广角镜头时，还需要换广角皮腔，风中稳固性不如双轨型相机，如用它来拍摄风光，那您最好在风平浪静的情况下，早已做好了一切准备，包括完成精确对焦、重复设置了光圈、快门、紧固了所有旋钮，甚至叉好了后背。
大画幅相机镜头的选择
大画幅相机镜头的选择对于那些新加盟到中片幅领域的摄影师来说，有关大片幅照相机镜头和镜头选择的问题是相当令人头疼的。
尽管大片幅照相机镜头与35毫米照相机和中片幅照相机镜头的基本功能是相同的（都是用来拍照片），但它们无论在外观还是在操作上都有显著的差别。
当我第一次涉足大片幅摄影时，这同样也是一个相当棘手的问题。
当时我对此一无所知，而且无论我如何努力地去寻求帮助，得到的答案却不是太肤浅，就是假设我已经掌握了大片幅摄影的基本技能而显得太深奥。
因此，经历了很长的时间我才对此问题有了自己的心得。
这篇文章总结了我学到的一些经验，它适合于那些对大片幅摄影有少许认识或者完全不了解的读者参考。
文章的目的是帮助那些初次涉足大片幅摄影领域的摄影师对种类繁多的大片幅照相机镜头建立自己的认识，并帮助他们在选择大片幅照相机镜头时少走一些弯路。
文章中绝大多数的讨论都是基于4X5片幅的镜头，这是因为4X5片幅是最常见的大片幅，也是我使用的并且认为体会最深的一种片幅。
尽管如此，我认为本文当中的绝大部分观点也适用于其他的大片幅。
我要以我对大片幅镜头及其基本使用方法的总体认识作为文章的开篇，第二步则是关于如何在相机上安装大片幅镜头的讨论，之后是关于镜头型号的一些摘要观点，以及对一些主要镜头制造厂商的介绍，最后，是关于如何选择第一个镜头和选择配套镜头的建议。
总的看法只要看一眼大片幅相机的镜头，你就会知道它与你的35毫米照相机镜头或者中片幅镜头是不同的。
首先，与那些小巧的，具有几乎无声的自动聚焦功能或者精致的调焦环的中小片幅镜头不同的是，大片幅镜头本身根本没有调焦功能，镜身上充满了各种拨杆、转盘、旋钮以及连接装置等凸起物。
这种不同寻常的外观即便是经验丰富的中小片幅摄影师也会感到不适应。
然而进一步地仔细观察，你就会发现大片幅镜头的结构其实非常简单。
它由两部分镜片组成，一部分安装在镜头前部，另一部分和叶片快门一同设置在镜头的后部。
镜身上的拨杆以及其他控制装置是快门的组成部分。
传统相机的成相原理及构造+底稿
C.光圈： 光圈是用来控制光线透过镜头，进入机身内使胶片、 CCD感光的控光装置，它通常是在镜头内,光圈大小影 响景深。 1900年，各相机生产厂家在法国的巴黎召开了欢国际 会议，对镜头光圈数作了统一的规定，提出了如下标准 系列：f/1，f/1.4，f/2，f/2.8，f/4，f/5.6，f/8， f/11，f16，f/22，f/32，对后来相机的发展产生了 很好的协调和促进作用。
相机的基本分类
按记录影象的介 质分类： 1. 胶片相机、 2.数字相机。
二、相机的基本结构
相机的基本结构
A.机身：一只遮光外壳的一端有一孔穴，用以安装 镜头，孔穴的对面有一容片器，用以承装一段感光 胶片（数码相机为记录影象的CCD或CMOS的装 置）。 B.镜头：一只结构简单的镜头可以是一块凸形毛玻 璃，它折射来自被摄体上每一点被扩大了的光线， 然后这些光线聚集起来形成连贯的点即焦平面。 鱼眼：6-16（约180度）、超广角：小于21（大 于90度）、广角：21-38（90-60度）、标准： 38-60（60-40度）、中焦：60-135（40-18 度）、长焦：135-250（18-10度）、超长焦： 250以上（小于10度）
成像成像作为现代的专业人像摄影师作为现代的专业人像摄影师只有熟悉相机的功只有熟悉相机的功能结构种类才能很好的使用照相机才能作能结构种类才能很好的使用照相机才能作到控制影像效果发挥照相机的特性最终为拍到控制影像效果发挥照相机的特性最终为拍摄服务并灵活驾驭相机
传统相机的成像原理及构造
学习目的:
对照相机的构造及成像原理的掌握
画幅大小分类： 全景照相机、 大画幅照相机、 中画幅相机、 小画幅相机。 1.小画副135[36x24mm] 2.中画副6x7 6x6 6x4.5 6x9 [cm] 3.大画副 4x5 [125x100mm] 8x10 [200x250mm] 4.大转机
摄影焦距知识：全片幅和分片幅的镜头焦距推荐列表
摄影焦距知识：全片幅和分片幅的镜头焦距推荐列表摄影焦距知识：全片幅和分片幅的镜头焦距推荐列表摄影是通过光线记录影像的一种艺术表现方式，而镜头的焦距是相机的核心参数之一。
在选择适当的焦距时，我们需要考虑画幅大小、地理环境、光照条件等因素，同时也要根据自己的摄影水平和创意需求进行权衡。
本文将介绍全片幅和分片幅的镜头焦距推荐列表，帮助您在购买镜头时做出更明智的选择。
一、什么是全片幅和分片幅？全片幅和分片幅是指相机感光元件的大小。
全片幅是指35毫米胶卷的大小，迄今为止，绝大多数全幅相机的感光元件都是36 x 24毫米的，因此也常被称为“35mm全画幅”。
而分片幅则是指感光元件比全片幅小的相机，比如APS-C、Micro Four Thirds、APS-H等等，此类相机的感光元件通常为22.2 x 14.8毫米或更小。
1.标准镜头：50mm50mm的标准镜头是最接近人眼视角的焦距，可以帮助您记录更接近真实的画面。
它的光圈比较大，并拥有很好的色彩还原表现力，因此比较适合拍摄人像、街拍和日常生活场景。
此外，50mm的焦距也是拍摄视频时经典的选择之一。
2.广角镜头：24mm、35mm24mm和35mm的广角镜头适合拍摄距离近、范围大的场景，比如室内、街区和城市风景等。
它们能够记录更广阔的视野，并帮助您突显场景的深度和空间感。
需要注意的是，广角镜头也容易导致图像失真，因此要尽量掌握正确的拍摄方法。
3.长焦镜头：85mm、135mm85mm和135mm的长焦镜头主要用于拍摄人像、婚礼和运动等场景。
它们的焦距比较长，可以起到突出主体的作用，并使背景更加模糊，从而突出主体的形象和特点。
需要注意的是，长焦镜头比较重，需要防抖和稳定器等配件的支持，以避免图像模糊和虚抖。
1.标准镜头：35mm、50mm与全片幅相机相比，分片幅相机的视角要更狭窄一些，因此标准镜头的推荐焦距也相应较小。
35mm和50mm的标准镜头是常见的选择，它们可以帮助您拍摄清晰、清真、自然的照片，尤其适合拍摄人像、街拍和纪实照片等。
宾得常用镜头大全(最全版本)
宾得常用镜头大全(最全版本)一、入门级镜头1. DA L 1855mm f/3.55.6 AL：这款镜头是宾得入门级单反相机K 系列的标准套机镜头，具有1855mm的焦距范围，适合日常拍摄。
2. DA L 50200mm f/45.6 ED：这款镜头是宾得入门级单反相机K系列的长焦镜头，具有50200mm的焦距范围，适合拍摄远处的风景、人物等。
二、中端级镜头1. DA 18135mm f/3.55.6 ED AL[IF] DC WR：这款镜头是宾得中端级单反相机K系列的标准变焦镜头，具有18135mm的焦距范围，适合拍摄风景、人像等。
2. DA 1645mm f/4 ED AL：这款镜头是宾得中端级单反相机K系列的广角变焦镜头，具有1645mm的焦距范围，适合拍摄风景、建筑等。
三、高端级镜头1. DA★ 50135mm f/2.8 ED[IF] SDM：这款镜头是宾得高端级单反相机K系列的标准变焦镜头，具有50135mm的焦距范围，适合拍摄人像、运动等。
2. DA★ 1650mm f/2.8 ED AL[IF] SDM：这款镜头是宾得高端级单反相机K系列的广角变焦镜头，具有1650mm的焦距范围，适合拍摄风景、建筑等。
四、特殊镜头1. DA 645 55mm f/2.8 AL[IF] SDM AW：这款镜头是宾得中画幅数码单反相机645D的专用镜头，具有55mm的焦距，适合拍摄风景、人像等。
2. DA 560mm f/5.6 ED AW：这款镜头是宾得超远摄镜头，具有560mm的焦距，适合拍摄野生动物、天文等。
宾得常用镜头大全(最全版本)五、定焦镜头1. DA 35mm f/2.4 AL：这款镜头是宾得中端级单反相机K系列的定焦镜头，具有35mm的焦距，适合拍摄人像、街拍等。
2. DA★ 55mm f/1.4 SDM AW：这款镜头是宾得高端级单反相机K 系列的定焦镜头，具有55mm的焦距，适合拍摄人像、风景等。
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Nikon Rodenstock Fuji Schneider Schneider Nikon Schneider Fuji Rodenstock Rodenstock Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Schneider Fuji Fuji Fuji Nikon Schneider Rodenstock Rodenstock Nikon Fuji Nikon Fuji Nikon Schneider Nikon Nikon
Focal lngth Max.Apert 最大光圈
Nikon Schneider Schneider Rodenstock Rodenstock Fuji Schneider Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Schneider Rodenstock Schneider Rodenstock Schneider Rodenstock Fuji Nikon Fuji Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Schneider Schneider Rodenstock Rodenstock Fuji Schneider Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Schneider Rodenstock Schneider Rodenstock Fuji Nikon Schneider Rodenstock Fuji Schneider Schneider Nikon Rodenstock Rodenstock Schneider Rodenstock Nikon Fuji Fuji
150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 155 165 180 180 180 180 180 180 200 200 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 210 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 250 250 270 270 300 300 300 300 300 300 300
Nikkor SW Super-Symmar XL Super-Symmar HM APO-Sironar W APO-Sironar S Fujinon CM-W APO-Symmar APO-Sironar N Nikkor W G-Claron Xenar Grandagon N Super-Angulon APO-Sironar S APO-Symmar APO-Sironar N Fujinon CM-W Nikkor W Fujinon A Grandagon N Nikkor M Super-Symmar XL Super-Angulon Super-Symmar HM APO-Sironar W APO-Sironar S Fujinon CM-W APO-Symmar APO-Sironar N Nikkor W G-Claron Xenar APO-Sironar S APO-Symmar APO-Sironar N Fujinon A Nikkor W G-Claron APO-Ronar Fujinon CM-W Tele-Arton G-Claron Nikkor T ED APO-Sironar W APO-Sironar S APO-Symmar APO-Sironar N Nikkor W Fujinon CM-W Fujinon C
Specs for new large format lenses: 4x5 in
Compiled by Michael K. Davis for the Large Format Page
New Large Format Lenses for 4x5in
Maker 制造商 Schneider Rodenstock Schneider Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Fuji Schneider Nikon Schneider Fuji Rodenstock Rodenstock Schneider Schneider Fuji Rodenstock Nikon Nikon Schneider Rodenstock Fuji Schneider Rodenstock Schneider Fuji Fuji Nikon Schneider Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Schneider Schneider Fuji Fuji Fuji Rodenstock Rodenstock Nikon Schneider Model 型号 Super-Angulon XL APO-Grandagon N (specs @ f/11) Super-Angulon XL Grandagon N Nikkor SW (specs @ f/16) Super-Angulon Fujinon SWD Super-Angulon XL Nikkor SW (specs @ f/16) Super-Angulon Fujinon SWD Grandagon N Grandagon N Super-Symmar XL Super-Angulon XL Fujinon SWD Grandagon N Nikkor SW Nikkor SW (specs @ f/16) Super-Angulon Grandagon N Fujinon SW Super-Angulon APO-Sironar N APO-Symmar Fujinon SW Fujinon CM-W Nikkor W Super-Symmar XL Grandagon N Nikkor SW Super-Angulon Super-Symmar HM APO-Symmar Fujinon SW Fujinon CM-W Fujinon CM-W APO-Sironar S APO-Sironar N Nikkor W APO-Symmar 焦距 (mm) 47 55 58 65 65 65 65 72 75 75 75 75 75 80 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 100 100 105 105 105 110 115 120 120 120 120 125 125 135 135 135 135 135
(153.7 mm Diagonal) Min.Apert Image Circle@ 最小光圈 f/22 f/22 成像圈 f/5.6 f/4.5 f/5.6 f/4.5 f/4 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/4.5 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/4.5 f/6.8 f.4.5 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/4.5 f/8 f/4.5 f/5.6 f/6.8 f/8 f/8 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/8 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/6.8 f/8 f/8 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/8 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/5.6 f/32 f/45 f/32 f/45 f/45 f/45 ? f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/32 f/45 f/64 f/45 f/64 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/64 f/64 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/45 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/45 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 166 163 166 170 170 170 169 226 200 198 196 195 187 212 259 236 236 235 235 235 221 216 216 151 145 250 174 155 288 291 312 288 211 179 280 204 214 208 200 200 195 4x5in Excess Covg. 12.3 9.3 12.3 16.3 16.3 16.3 15.3 72.3 46.3 44.3 42.3 41.3 33.3 58.3 105.3 82.3 82.3 81.3 81.3 81.3 67.3 62.3 62.3 -2.7 -8.7 96.3 20.3 1.3 134.3 137.3 158.3 134.3 57.3 25.3 126.3 50.3 60.3 54.3 46.3 46.3 41.3 4x5in Excess Cvrg % 7.41 5.71 7.41 9.59 9.59 9.59 9.05 31.99 23.15 22.37 21.58 21.18 17.81 27.50 40.66 34.87 34.87 34.60 34.60 34.60 30.45 28.84 28.84 -1.79 -6.00 38.52 11.67 0.84 46.63 47.18 50.74 46.63 27.16 14.13 45.11 24.66 28.18 26.11 23.15 23.15 21.18
f/64 f/64 f/64 f/45 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/45 f/45 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/90 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/90 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/45 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/90 f/64 f/64 f/90 f/90 f/90 f/90 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/64 f/90 f/64
61.58 60.18 39.49 39.01 33.46 31.08 30.14 28.18 26.81 18.68 11.16 59.76 61.09 44.31 41.56 41.34 40.88 39.25 39.01 68.95 26.81 69.26 69.26 56.83 56.34 51.36 50.26 49.61 48.94 47.90 40.88 38.27 58.68 56.34 56.09 54.26 54.26 48.42 27.50 51.97 2.72 54.12 3.94 68.63 65.69 63.84 63.84 63.40 62.69 59.55