Six Sigma培训教材

Six Sigma培训教材
6 Overview
“Six Sigma”
• If we can’t express what we know in the form of numbers, we really don’t know much about it.
• If we don’t know much about it, we can’t control it.
2 1/2 Days per Ce set of Encyclopedias
6
1 Misspelled Word in all
of the Books in a Small
Library
$570 Indebtedness per $1 Billion in Assets
• Aim to Speed Past Traditional Competitors in 5 Years
W• eGNoeaeldCaoMnasjiosrteInnittiawtivitehtRo eMdouveceFdroTmotal WChoersetswe Are to Where we Want to be
GE Raising The Bar
• New Goal to be “Best in the World” vs. #1 or #2
• Customers are Expecting More, we Must Deliver
• “Ship-and-fix” Approach no Longer Tolerated in the Market
• If we can’t control it, we are at the mercy of chance.
Mikel J. Harry President & CEO Six Sigma Academy, Inc.
“...will bring GE to a whole new level of quality in a fraction of the
time it would have taken to climb the learning curve on our own.”
John F. Welch, Jr. 1995 GE Annual Report
A Rigorous Method for Measuring & Controlling Our Quality
6 Overview
Why Does GE Need A Quality Initiative?
Cost of Failure (% of Sales)
40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15% 10%
5%
Defects per Million 3.4 Sigma 6
233 6210 66,807 308,537 500,000
5
4
3
2
1
Estimated Cost of Failure in US Industry is 15% of Sales; Taking GE From a 3 to a 6 Company Will Save ~ $10.5 Billion per Year!
Why “Six Sigma”?
• Proven Successful in “Quality-Demanding” Industries e.g., Motorola, Texas Instruments (many process steps in series)
Design for Quality Concepts • Has Support and Commitment of Top Management
It Works!!!
6 Overview
Sigma: A Measure of Quality
Sigma 3
4
Spelling
1.5 Misspelled Words per Page in a Book
6 Overview
What Does “Sigma” Mean?
Sigma is a Measure of the Consistency of a Process
It (is Also the 18th Letter in the Greek Alphabet!
6 Overview
Why Does GE Need A Quality Initiative?
1 Misspelled Word per 30 Pages in a Book
Money
$2.7 Million Indebtedness per $1 Billion in Assets
$63,000 Indebtedness per $1 Billion in Assets
Time
3 1/2 Months per Century
• Proven Method to Reduce Costs • Highly Quantitative Method – Science and Logic Instead of Gut Feel • Includes Manufacturing & Service (close to customer) and Provides Bridge to
• Mikel J. Harry one of the Original Architects • Previously Headed Quality Function at ABB and Motorola • Now President/CEO of Six Sigma Academy in Phoenix, Arizona • Has Consulted for Texas Instruments, Allied Signal (and others) • Currently Retained by GE to Teach the Implementation,
$2 Indebtedness per $1 Billion in Assets
30 Minutes per Century
6 Seconds per Century
6 is Several Orders of Magnitude Better Than 3!!!
6 Overview
Where Does “Six Sigma” Come From?