作业8

课时作业(八)Ⅰ.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

Nelson Mandela, who was known as a freedom fighter and the father of modern SouthAfrica, died Thursday night at age 95.Mandela was born on July 18, 1918. He grew up poor in a small South African village. At 9, he was adopted by his father’s friend. In school, Mandela learned about African history and his ancestors’ struggles with discrimination. He wanted to help his people. He later traveled to Johannesburg, where he studied law and opened the first black law office. He also joined the African National Congress, a group that fought for equality.In 1948, the government introduced apartheid (种族隔离制度), which left the black with few economic opportunities. In response, Mandela traveled throughout South Africa and encouraged people to demonstrate against the government’s policies. He was arrested for organizing anti-government activities and eventually sentenced to life in prison.On February 11, 1990, South African president F. W. de Klerk released Mandela from prison, and the two worked together to end apartheid. Three years later, they won the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts.In 1994, for the first time in South African history, blacks were allowed to vote in the election. Mandela was elected president by an overwhelming (压倒性的) majority. While in office, he worked to improve housing, education, and economic opportunities for th e country’s large black population.Mandela stepped down as president in 1999. That same year, he created the Nelson Mandela’s Children Fund, a chari ty that helps poor South African children. “Children are the wealth of our country,” he said in an interview with TFK in 2002. “They must be given love.”Over the years, Mandela continued working to promote peace around the world. In 2007, he helped found The Elders, an organization of world leaders committed to ending conflicts and promoting human rights.“When you want to get a herd(兽群) to move in a certain direction,”he told Time in 1994, “you stand at the back with a stick. Then a few of the more energetic cattle move to the front and the rest of the cattle follow. You are really guiding them from behind. That is how a leader sho uld do his work.”1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The early life of Mandela.B. The first job Mandela did.C. The education Mandela received.D. The beginning of Mandela’s political career.2. Mandela traveled around South Africa in order to ________.A. find good economic opportunitiesB. call on the black to fight for equalityC. seek support for the government’s policiesD. encourage people to join the African National Congress3. What is the correct order of the following events?a. Mandela was released from prison.b. Mandela helped to found The Elders.c. Mandela became president of South Africa.d. The Nelson Mandela’s Children Fund was set up.A. a-d-b-cB. a-d-c-bC. a-c-b-dD. a-c-d-b4. In the last paragraph, Mandela talked about ________.A. how to raise animalsB. how to follow othersC. the skills to be a leaderD. his experience as a shepherd答案与解析【解题导语】本文介绍了南非前总统曼德拉一生的主要经历。

1. 答案 A解析第二段从曼德拉的出生讲述到他的青年时代，因此，本段主要介绍了曼德拉早年的生活情况。

2. 答案 B解析根据第三段的内容可知，1948年，南非政府推行了种族隔离制度，于是曼德拉去南非各地鼓励人们示威抗议政府的政策。

3. 答案 D解析根据文中的信息可知，这四件事情发生的顺序为：曼德拉出狱、曼德拉当选南非总统、曼德拉儿童基金会成立、曼德拉帮助成立了“元老集团(The Elders)”。

4. 答案 C解析在最后一段中，曼德拉讲述了如何当领导。

Taylor Bernard and her twin sister were born 12 weeks early. As a result, Taylor suffers from cerebral palsy (CP). It is a condition that affects the brain. Kids who are born with CP have trouble controlling the muscles in their body. Taylor is 8 years old now. She uses a power-wheelchair to get around. Her twin sister Sydney participates in sports, but Taylor has a different interest: art.Taylor submitted(提交) a watercolor painting of a sunset in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, to an art contest. Of the more than 5,500 students who took part in the contest, only 51 were selected. Taylor was one of them. Her winning painting is now being displayed in Union Station, in Washington, DC. After leaving Union Station, the exhibit will tour the country.The contest was sponsored by VSA, the international organization on arts and disability. The nonprofit group was started to give people with disabilities an opportunity to participate in the arts. Submissions for the contest came from students with and without disabilities. The exhibition is part of VSA’s International ArtsFestival and was also sponsored by CVS Caremark’s All Kids Can program.Art Changed Her LifeAmanda LaMunyon represented Oklahoma in the exhibition. She just finished her freshman year of high school. When Amanda was in elementary school, she had problems focusing and following rules. She has Asperger Syndrome, which is a form of autism.“People started looking at her differently,”her mother, Sherry LaMunyon, said. “They s topped looking at her as a girl who was struggling and started looking at her as an artist. It’s changed her whole life.”The president of VSA, Soula Antoniou, said that the point of the exhibition is to focus on students’ abilities, rather than their disabilities. “What we’re trying to do is to make sure each student finds something they’re good at,”she said.That’s exactly what Taylor’s done. While she has some difficulty with fine motor skills, she’s found that she’s talented with wide brush strokes(画) in painting.Inspiring OthersBefore finding painting, Amanda said she had trouble fitting in. “I didn’t have anything that I felt was my talent,”she said. Now she’s more focused on school and is interested in studying fashion design and theater.Amanda hopes the exhibition will show others that even if they have disabilities, they have abilities they don’t even know yet. You can see more of Amanda’s artwork at .5. How could Amanda’s mother feel when people learned Amanda could paint?A. Disappointed.B. Surprised.C. Doubt.D. Pleased.6. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Only the disabled students can enter the art contest sponsored by VSA.B. Amanda, Taylor’s sister, has trouble in focusing and following rules.C. Amanda has improved a lot in study after finding painting.D. Sydney prefers art to sport because of her disability in the brain.7. What is the text mainly about?A. Students with disabilities show their creativity at an international art festival in Washington, DC.B. Students with disabilities are more talented in art according to the result of an international art festival in Washington, DC.C. An international art festival in Washington, DC. gives people with disabilities an opportunity to participate in art.D. More than 5,500 students submitted their paintings at an international art festival in Washington, DC.8. We may infer from the passage that ________.A. Amanda had Asperger Syndrome before she went to elementary schoolB. some children who are disabled even don’t know their situationC. Taylor has trouble controlling the muscles, but her sister is healthyD. Amanda is good at painting with wide brush strokes9. Where could this passage come from?A. A newspaper.B. A magazine.C. The Internet.D. A report.答案与解析【解题导语】本文主要介绍了在VSA国际艺术节上泰勒和阿曼达等一些残疾孩子展示了她们的创造能力。