被背弃的老祖母 (1)

4、对宗教持怀疑态度
忠贞：对丈夫约翰和对爱情的忠贞
两点缺陷：她不愿意原谅乔治 她自始至终爱着这个男人
写作特点
意识流 象征 视角、明喻和暗喻
反讽和文学典故
意识流


名词解释：（or interior monologue ） In literary criticism ，Stream of consciousness denotes a literary technique which seeks to describe an individual’s point of view by giving the written equivalent of the character’s thought processes . Stream of consciousness is strongly associated with the modernist movement . Its introduction in the literary context ，transferred from psychology ， is attributed to May Sinclair .Stream of consciousness writing is usually regarded as a special form of interior monologue and is characterized by associative leaps in syntax and punctuation that can make the prose difficult to follow ，tracing as they do a character’s fragmentary thoughts and sensory feelings .
这篇小说情节简单，按老祖母的意识流动顺序展开 叙述，由近及远，由现在到过去，逐步深入。 通过描写老祖母临终前的心理活动，展现了她坎坷 的一生，为我们塑造了一位坚强，刚毅，善良的女 性形象。
主要内容：
1.Forty years ago ,diseases (milk-leg, double pneumonia). 2.At the age of sixty ,she got ready to death. 3.The most difficult period in her life. 4.Unforgetable memories (be abandoned by George ). 5. Her child----Hapsy. 6.Her faith on God.
The Jilting of Granny Weatherall
Katherine Anne Poter
班级：英语134 组别：第三组 成员：罗茜，娄玉坤，宋欣欣， 张艳红，王忠月
背景 主要内容 人物关系及人物二十世纪初期，一战使人们生活变得支离 破碎，面目全非。 2 . 战后出现经济繁荣的假象。 3.美国迅速走向都市化，社会革命开始。 4.新女性登上历史舞台，有了觉醒意识。 5.科技迅速发展，现代科学摧毁了人们的信 仰。

主题番外篇----维基百科



The Jilting of Granny Weatherall is a character sketch of an otherwise ordinary woman who has weathered a deep and abiding blow to her psyche. As readers witness the moments leading up to her death, they are able to glean a great deal about who she was and who she has become. She was once a young, hopeful bride-to-be. She became an independent widow. She has "weathered all" that life has presented. Granny has survived, intact, but not without scars. Although her scars may not be visible to the human eye, by revealing what goes on deep inside her private thoughts, Porter uncovers the wounded pride and vanity that Granny has tried for sixty years to keep hidden, even from those closest to her. "The sanctity of the human heart and the existential loneliness of the human condition are the enduring themes of this story.
意识流

The author uses “stream of consciousness and by means of this technique we can understood thoughts, memories and associating of Granny’s mind. Moreover it helps us to see Granny’s confused and clear thoughts, disappointments, and feelings. By using the stream of consciousness technique, the author portrays Granny’s relationships with George, John, Hapsy, Cornelia and her other children and the author.

视角和明喻暗喻



视角（point of view ） The Jilting of Granny Weatherall is told by a third person narration， using of stream of consciousness technique . This point of view draws readers into the mind of Weatherall. 明喻暗喻（simile and metaphor ） Porter uses simile and metaphor to describe the process of dying. Granny's "bones felt loose, and floated around in her skin". "Doctor Harry floated like a balloon around the foot of the bed.“ However, as Granny’s death becomes imminent, the tone changes, and Porter uses images of darkness and falling to describe Granny’s worsening condition. "Her heart sank down and down, there was no bottom to death." In describing the moment Granny dies, Porter writes, "She stretched herself with a deep breath and blew out the light."
象征
Name symbolism ：weathered all Jilt： ① Weatherall was jilted by his fiance George at 20 . （her love ） ② The death of John and Hapsy 。 （her love ） ③Weatherall was jilted by the God 。（her death ） Weatherall ：①.weather ：experience and withstand all the blows and buffets ② Refers to the sufferings which run through her life Images of light ，fog ，and darkness ：the children in the lamplight ， the ending pinpoint of light ， Religious symbols ：Rosary ， Crucifix ，Hapsy with child = Madonna and child
人物关系
乔治 (George) 约翰(John) 老祖母艾伦(Ellen)
乔治 莉迪亚 (George) (Lydia)
吉米 海普西 科妮莉亚 (Jimmy)(Hapsy) (Cornelia)
主要人物形象分析
老祖母： 1、坚强、独立(生活经历所致) 2、勤劳、节俭朴素、细心认真 3、忠贞(多角度理解)和两点缺陷
反讽和文学典故




反讽（iony） 1. When doctor examines Granny, she is angry with him because she thinks she is healthy. Although she lies on her death bed she says “I am not sick.” This is irony. 2. Although she died when she was eighty years old, she had prepares herself for death when she was sixty. But she was in surprise as she knew she would die. This is dramatic irony. 3. Through the story, Granny keeps her religious beliefs although she has to cope with many difficult problems. At the end of the story, while she is about to die is in a moment of doubt and say “God, give a sign!” 文学典故（ Literary allusions） 引用了19世纪美国女诗人艾米莉.狄金森的关于死亡的诗歌。 Stepped up in the cart lightly …，but a man sat beside her … Because I could not stop for Death