《故乡红叶》阅读答案及解析
《故乡红叶》阅读答案及解析
故乡红叶
凸凹
香山的红叶，我是赏过的。第一次赏香山红叶，我正上着一所专业院校，适逢红叶盛季，满山皆红遍，同伴便惊叹不迭。
但我只感到亲切，并没有难抑的惊奇。因为我觉得，故乡的秋天，也是红叶满山、流丹溢彩的；而且，山脉绵亘，红到极远遥的地方，比香山来得有气魄。只因为香山离市区近些，且是一个著名的公园，命运便很阔达了。
故乡的山峦，植被是极丰茂的：黄栌满坡，柘丛盈岗，楸树峰耸，檀木沟伏……夏时山色蓊郁，入秋，则渐渐变化起来，先是淡黄，而后是斑驳，最终是红得一统了，满山满野就一如火烧。
但这时却是故乡的农忙时节——
庄稼的秸秆被村人铡碎了，厚厚地铺到猪厩中去，再取山上的表土覆盖，以期在来年沤①出一些好肥料来。所以，未上冻前，村人的第一宗要事，便是背土垫圈。而后，有余力的，要在地堰的边上，砍一垛垛的干柴杂草，烧一堆一堆的草木灰。撒上草木灰的土地，蔓菁憋得大，土豆长得足，谷穗也结得沉。
此时，山上的红叶正红得烂漫呢。人们哪顾得多看几眼呢。所以，山里人并未想到，那一丛丛的红叶，便是一团团的激情、一首首的诗，自己正生于美境与福地，正可以坐享一番。红就让其兀自红去吧，我们还有正经的营生干不完呢，他们想。那时，我并没有一丝悲哀，因为身在其中，与村人的感觉相同。
真正醒悟了，感到有些惆怅②了，是看到城里人，居然要爬那么远的路径，到香山专程赏红叶之后。于是，我怀着这么一种情绪，待人们去香山赏红叶的时候，我便回到故乡去，探抚那故乡的红叶。它们被漠视和遗忘得太久了！
我爬到屋后的山上：高远的天，衬以峻拔的山形，那凌风的红叶，簌簌地，便让人极感动。但激动的心，很快就黯然了——
沉默的父亲，正在地堰的边上埋头打柴草，他要多烧几堆木灰啊。于是，观赏红叶的这一份闲雅，就显得多么不合时宜，显得多么奢侈，兀然就生出一丝羞耻，便踅③到父亲的身边，想给他打个下手。
父亲很懂我的心思，笑笑，“去赏你的景吧。”
见我仍迟迟不动，父亲说：“有什么不好意思的呢，你高兴赏景就赏景，我高兴做活就做活，不都图个自在么？！”
我知道，要父亲埋头干他喜欢干的活，比要他赏红叶更使他心安与欢悦，这是情理中的事，不关乎我的勤与懒。但我终究不忍在劳作的父亲身边，作赏景的清客，便同他一起干下去了。
这是第一次回故乡赏红叶的情景。
第二年秋深，想到故乡那满山的绚丽，仍有热热的归心。但父亲在地堰上弯曲的身影从脑底晃出的时候，归心就有了几分迟疑,心中就有了一种惆怅。
最后，还是回去了。因为：红叶岁岁依旧，而父亲却要一天天衰老；父亲已经辜负了红叶，儿女还要辜负父亲么？！
回到故乡，父亲很高兴，抱出一坛雄自酿④：“崽呀，知道你要回来，爹特意给你留着呢。”我的眼窝便不由得濡湿了。
从此，每到秋深，我皆毫不迟疑地回故乡去。
每次，我们低头砍着柴草，却都把红叶搁置于一边。但只要我们抬起头来，山上的红叶，便很执著地红到我们的眼眸中来——
红叶没有怨艾，只有默默的守望和多情的注视，一依如山里的人们。
（本文有改动）
【注】①沤（òu）：长时间地浸泡，使起变化。②惆怅：伤感，失意。③踅（xu é）：中途
折回。④雄自酿：一种自家酿造的酒。
文章分析：作者由赏香山红叶引出对故乡红叶的感叹，转而再写到父亲的辛勤劳作、默默坚守，最后一段点出红叶象征着山里的人们。
9.本文以“故乡红叶”为题，为什么在一、二两段中要写“香山红叶”？（3分）解析：句段作用题；首先回归语境（见文中划线句子），再从内容和结构两方面来回答。
内容上，描写了香山红叶和故乡的红叶，并用了对比的手法；结构上，先判断句子处于文章开头的位置，可以分析出是为下文作铺垫的。
参考答案：将香山红叶与故乡红叶作比较，突出了故乡红叶更为壮观，更有气魄，为下文写故乡红叶被人漠视的命运作铺垫。
10指出下列句子中作者“惆怅”的具体原因。（4分）
①真正醒悟了，感到有些惆怅了，是看到城里人，居然要爬那么远的路径，到香山专程赏红叶之后。
②但父亲在地堰上弯曲的身影从脑底晃出的时候，归心就有了几分迟疑,心中就有了一种惆怅。
解析：“惆怅”是作者心中的感受，重点在于联系上下文进行揣摩最后组织语言。另外问题中有具体原因，因此答题时需要具体表述。
第一句的上文说的是此时正是故乡的农忙季节，大家都忙于正经的营生，因此无暇赏红叶，结合此句城里人的表现，揣摩作者的“惆怅”是因为故乡红叶的被遗忘；
第二句的上文有提到作者要赏景还是帮父亲做农活的矛盾心理，接着到自己不“终究不忍”，再到下文中“父亲一天天的老去”，联系本句中父亲“弯曲的身影”，感受到作者为父亲的辛苦劳作和衰老而感伤。
参考答案：①感受到比香山红叶更为壮美的故乡红叶，却长久地被人漠视和遗忘。（2分）
②父亲虽在美景和福地之中，但因艰辛劳作和无暇赏景，且要天天衰老。（2分）
11.分析“故乡红叶”在文中的象征意义以及在结构上的作用。（4分）
解析：象征意义需要将故乡的红叶和作者写的故乡的像父亲一样的山里人联系起来（文章最后一句提示明显）即可；结构上的作用，联系标题的作用回答即可。参考答案：象征意义：“故乡红叶”象征那些极为普通、没有怨言、默默坚守的山里人。
（2分）结构作用：“故乡红叶”是行文的线索，贯穿文章的始终，使文章内容集中、结构紧凑。（2分）
12.请对“父亲”这一人物形象及“我”对“父亲”的思想情感作赏析。（5分）解析：人物形象题+中心题，注意需要具体分析
参考答案：“父亲”形象：父亲在地堰边埋头干活，并以此心安和欢悦，表现了父亲的朴实和勤劳；父亲让我去观赏红叶。做自己喜欢的事，表现了父亲对儿女的理解和宽厚；父亲特意给我留着一谈雄自酿，表现了父亲对儿女的关爱。（3分）“我”的情感：因父亲辛勤劳作、不断衰老而忧伤、内疚和思念；因父亲对“我”的理解和关爱而感激。（2分）
感恩和爱是亲姐妹。有感恩的地方就有爱，有爱的地方就有感恩。一方在哪里，另一方迟早会出现。你做一切都是为自己做，为存在而感恩。
“人要经历一个不幸的抑郁症的或自我崩溃阶段。在本质上，这是一个昏暗的收缩点。每一个文化创造者都要经历这个转折点，他要通过这一个关卡，才能到达安全的境地，从而相信
自己，确信一个更内在、更高贵的生活。”
——黑格尔
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任务型阅读试题及答案 百度文库
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