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专业八级翻译分类专项试题(二)

一、Chinese to English （本大题5小题．每题10.0分，共50.0分。Translate the following underlined part of the text into English. ）

第1题有一种人我最不喜欢和他下棋，那便是太有涵养的人。杀死他一大块，或是抽了他一个车，他神色自若，不动火，不生气，好像是无关痛痒，使你觉得索然寡味。君子无所争，下棋却是要争的。当你给对方一个严重威胁的时候，对方的头上青筋露，黄豆般的汗珠一颗颗地在额上陈列出来，或哭丧着脸作惨笑，或咕嘟着嘴作吃屎状，或抓耳挠腮，或大叫一声，或长吁短叹，或自怨自艾口中念念有词，或一串串地噎嗝打个不休，或红头涨脸如关公，种种现象，不一而足。这时节你“行有余力”便可以点起一支烟，或啜一碗茶，静静地欣赏对方的苦闷的象征。我想猎人追逐一只野兔的时候，其愉快大概略相仿佛。

【正确答案】：

答案:

When you put him on the spot, you can expect to see blue veins standing out on his temples and drops of sweat with the same size of soybean appearing on his forehead. He will either wear a wan smile on his long face, or purse his lips in displeasure, or scratch his head, or let out a sharp cry, or sigh and groan, or bitterly repent his folly, or keep hiccupping unceasingly, or flush crimson with shame, and suchlike. And at such a moment, feeling carefree, you can light a cigarette or just take a sip from your teacup and savor the signs of your opponent's discomfort. The pleasure you have from it, I believe, is by no means less than that a hunter gets from a deadbeat rabbit at his mercy.

[本题分数]： 10.0 分

【答案解析】

[难点注释]

1．给……一个威胁：可译为put…on the spot。

2．青筋暴露：可译为blue veins standing out。

3．黄豆般的汗珠一颗颗地在额上陈列出来：可译为drops of sweat with the same size of soybean appearing on his forehead。

4．或哭丧着脸作惨笑，或咕嘟着嘴作吃屎状，或抓耳挠腮，或大叫一声，或长吁短叹，或自怨自艾口中念念有词，或一串串地噎嗝打个不休，或红头涨脸如关公：此句为无主句，译时要增译出主语he。从“或……或……”的结构可以知道此处要用到either…or…结构。

5．哭丧着脸作惨笑：“惨笑”可译成a wan smile，“哭丧着脸”可译成

wear/draw/put on a long face。故此句可译为wear a wan smile on a long face。6．咕嘟着嘴作吃屎状：“咕嘟着嘴”就是“撅嘴”，译为purse，“作吃屎状”形容人生气、愤怒的样子，这里宜用意译，可泽成in displeasure。

7．抓耳挠腮：有固定译法，译为scratch one's head。

8．长吁短叹：可译为sigh and groan。

9．自怨自艾口中念念有词：此处表达含义重复，只要译出repent one's folly 即可。

10．种种现象，不一而足：固定译法为suchlike。

11．这时节你“行有余力”便可以点起一支烟……：句中“行有余力”形容人无忧无虑、悠然自得的一种状态，可以译成现在分词短语feeling carefree。12．我想猎人追逐一只野兔的时候，其愉快大概略相仿佛：可直译为The pleasure you have from it, I believe, is by no means less than that a hunter gets from a deadbeat rabbit at his mercy.

第2题由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的学识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里做学问也只能算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣味。

【正确答案】：

答案:

Even when it comes to the 4 years' college career, what has been delivered to us is still rather superficial. People usually call university the "highest institution of learning", which is likely to cause misunderstanding that as if there were no other knowledge above this level. It is graduate school in a university that is the place to do research work at a basic level. However, even if you work in such places, you just touch the hedge slightly. What has been being stressed is the way to do research and practice. Knowledge is infinite, and time is limited even though you devote your lifetime to it. In view of this, people learn to an old age in order to acquire knowledge centuries ago, so much so that as their hair grow all white, they still keep studying. Yet, it is really interesting to do such research work.

[本题分数]： 10.0 分

【答案解析】

[难点注释]

1．粗浅的：此处指的是“粗浅的”知识，所以使用superficial，而不能用表

示物理上“浅的”之意的shallow。

2．世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解：此句后半句是对前半句的总结评论，“这”指的就是世人称大学为“最高学府”这件事，所以可以翻译成定语从句。此句译为People usually call university the “highest institution of learning”，which is likely to cause misunderstanding。3．大学的研究所才是初步研究学问的所在：此部分在翻译过程中要注意：1)汉语中明显有强调的成分，所以需要使用英语的强调句进行翻译；2)与后半句之间虽然没有明显的表示逻辑关系的词语，但是两者之间明显是转折关系，在翻译时要加上相应的词语。此句译为It is graduate school in a university that is the place to do research work at a basic level.

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