中英诗歌对比赏析·中西文化差异共20页
中西方诗歌比较ppt课件
断章 卞之琳
你站在桥上看风景， 看风景人在楼上看你。 明月装饰了你的窗子， 你装饰了别人的梦。
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《断章》创作于1935年10月，是一首 精致的哲理诗。据作者自云，这四行 诗原在一首长诗中，但全诗仅有这四 行使他满意，于是抽出来独立成章， 标题由此而来。
语言极朴素、平实。
以人人能懂的语词，写人人能悟却不 能道尽的哲理与人生智慧，体现了诗 人刻意求工的美学态度与追求。
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当你老了，头发花白，睡意昏沉， 炉火旁打盹，请取下这部诗歌， 慢慢读，回想你过去眼神的柔和， 回想它们昔日浓重的阴影；
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相同点一：词句提炼
中国古典诗词用词凝练， 意境含蓄，诗画合一，形象 生动的特点在交流中融入了 英美现代诗人的诗歌创作中。
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饮酒 （晋）陶渊明 结庐在人境，而无车马喧。 问君何能尔，心远地自偏。 采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。 山气日夕佳，飞鸟相与还。 此中有真意，欲辩已忘言。
常省略人称和主 语
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不同点四：语言风格
中国：委婉，含蓄， 西方：热情Байду номын сангаас放， 淡远，空灵的风格， 激烈狂野的风格 ， 常喜欢写意的刻画 总是竭尽渲染夸张 某种情景，并由此 之能事 景烘托某种情感
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比较下面这组诗
无题 李商隐
相见时难别亦难， 东风无力百花残。 春蚕到死丝方尽， 蜡炬成灰泪始干。 晓镜但愁云鬓改， 夜吟应觉月光寒。 蓬山此去无多路， 青鸟殷勤为探看。
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礼物
如此幸福的一天。 米沃什 雾一早就散了，我在花园里干活。 蜂鸟停在忍冬花上。 这世上没有一样东西我想占有。 我知道没有一个人值得我羡慕。 任何我曾遭受的不幸，我都已忘记。 想到故我今我同为一人并不使我难为 情。 在我身上没有痛苦。 直起腰来，我望见蓝色的大海和帆影。
中西文化语言差异下的英美文学作品翻译与赏析
实践经验：通过实践积累经验，不断 提高翻译技巧和水平
跨文化交流中的翻译策略与技巧
理解原文：准确理解原文的意思和 情感
语言转换：将原文的语言转换为目 标语言的语言
文化差异：考虑中西文化差异，避 免文化误解
翻译技巧：运用翻译技巧，如直译、 意译、增译、减译等
语言风格：保持原文的语言风格和 特点
翻译质量：确保翻译的质量和准确 性
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中西文化语言差异下的英美文学作品 ,a click to unlimited possibilities 翻译与赏析
汇报人：
汇报时间：20XX/01/01
目录
01.
添加标题
02.
中西文化语言差 异概述
03.
英美文学作品翻 译技巧
04.
中西文化语言差 异下的英美文学 作品赏析
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翻译难点：如何 准确传达原文的 意思和风格，同 时兼顾中西方文 化的差异
赏析方法：从语 言、文化、历史 等多角度进行赏 析，以更好地理 解作品内涵
跨文化交流中的文学价值与意义
文化差异：中西方 文化在语言、历史、 社会等方面的差异
文学价值：文学作 品在跨文化交流中 的重要性和意义
翻译与赏析：如何 理解和欣赏英美文 学作品，以及翻译 过程中需要注意的 问题
跨文化翻译理论： 探讨中西文化语 言差异对翻译的 影响
翻译策略研究： 分析不同翻译策 略在英美文学作 品翻译中的应用
翻译批评研究： 对英美文学作品 翻译进行批评， 探讨翻译的优劣
翻译与文化传播 ：研究翻译在文 化传播中的作用 ，探讨如何更好 地传播英美文化
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THANK YOU
汇报人：
比喻：保留原意， 适当调整
中西诗歌文化异同
xx诗歌文化异同前言中西之间的差异毫无疑问是显而易见的。
西方人讲究精准确切，而中国人虽说离不开客观事物，但却更注重一种意境上的领悟。
在饮食上，西方注重营养与科学，烹调要求规范化，相同的菜肴在地区之间差异并不大。
而中国则更注重味觉，也更随意，厨师可以按自己的喜好和习惯对菜品进行加工改进，并不遵从菜谱上的配料比例。
在绘画上，西方的传统是极度写实的素描与油画，注重透视的准确及光与影的再现。
而中国则是水墨画，或缥缈或厚重，跟实物相差颇多，但对神韵的把握则是共同的。
在哲学上，爱因斯坦曾经这样评价过西方的科学发展：“西方科学的发展是以两个伟大的成就为基础，那就是：希腊哲学家发明形式逻辑体系，以及通过系统的实验发现有可能找出因果关系。
”西方的哲学强调形式逻辑，强调推导论证。
而中国则在更大程度上是一种“悟”，一种感觉。
正如老子的《道德经》，“道可道，非常道”。
究竟道是什么，很难有人给出一个标准答案。
道存在于心中，很多时候是一种悟出来的感觉。
又如在中国影响深远的哲学观点“天人合一”。
我即是天地，天地即是我，两者是统一起来，可以相互转化的。
在这种哲学观念的影响下，中国人自然更注重主观的感受，而逻辑性上缺乏重视。
这个区别在文化上的反应是直观的。
xx诗歌的差异一、情感表达差异英文诗歌大都表达热切，感情激烈，以求再现此情。
而中国的古诗词则文字简洁，意境悠远。
诗人将想要表达的意思表达到七八分后，便会打住，留白出来以给人遐想的空间。
李白的那首闻名的《静夜思》便是中文诗歌中的一个典型。
通篇文字都很简单，描绘的情景其实也很简单。
不过是看到夜晚起床之后看到空中一轮明月后，开始思念了家乡。
但这一仰头一低头之间的风致却打动了几乎所有的中国人，吸引了一代代的国人竞相传唱。
而这种感情在西方人看来似乎是难以理解的。
Tr. W. J. B. Fletcher在翻译静夜思时，将“举头望明月，低头思故乡”这两句译做了“On her clear face I gazed with lifted eyes:then hide them full of Youth’s sweet memories.”Fletcher显然没能理解到诗中的那种思乡的感觉。
中外文化的差异 诗歌篇 英文版 speech
By this point, poetry was being composed according to regulated tone patterns. Regulated and unregulated poetry were distinguished as "ancient-style" gushi poetry and regulated, "recentstyle" jintishi poetry.
Tang poetic forms include: lvshi, a type of regulated verse with an eight-line form having five, six, or seven characters per line; ci (verse following set rhythmic patterns); and jueju (truncated verse), a four-line poem with five, six, or seven characters per line.
1）.Blank verse （无韵诗体） Blank verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter, a line consisting of five feet of unstressed and stressed syllables.
Examples: Shakespeare's plays, Milton's Paradise Lost and Wordsworth's Prelude are written in blank verse. The following is from Shakespeare's As You Like It : All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances.
中西诗歌审美传统差异比较
中西诗歌审美传统差异比较一、“诗”与“poem”中西方诗歌根本的差异大概源于“诗”与“poem”的区别。
中国古代对“诗”的经典论述是“诗言志”，而在西方，根据“poem”一词的希腊词源，我们得到“poem is something made”（诗是某种制作）的说法。
[1]（26）虽然我们最终将“诗”译成了“poem”，但是“诗”的内涵仍然不是像做一双草鞋或一张桌子那样的“制作”，它的定义在其本质上是与人的思想相联系的，绝不仅仅代表着一种手艺活儿。
“…poem‟与…诗‟在定义上的这一差异产生了严重后果：它影响到中西传统怎样理解和讲授人与文本之间的关系；而且它也影响到诗人在这两个传统中的表现。
”[1]（26）在西方传统中，作者们将文本作为“制作”之文，将其看为作者的意志对象，它和作者的关系仅仅是制作与被制作的主客关系。
即使在浪漫主义浪潮之后，大量的西方写作者开始向类似“诗”的“poetry”写作靠拢，但他们在观念中永远也抹不去诸如“面具”、“角色”、“距离”等与艺术控制相关的名词。
在中国的传统中，当我们将文本看作用以“言志”或者“缘情”的“诗”时，作者的技艺就不是决定性因素了，作者不能像西方文论中的诗人那样宣称他对自己的文本具有绝对的控制权，因为“诗”不是作者的“客体”，“文如其人”，“诗”就是作者本人内心本性的外在显现。
[1]“诗”不仅不完全是“poem”，将中国诗歌的非史诗、非叙事传统简单归入西方的“lyric”（抒情诗）概念中也是不合适的。
因为在西方，不论“poem”、“poetry”还是“lyric”，其观念本身都没有暗含着“诗是人内心的东西”这一主题，它们都仅仅作为一种技艺存在，标志着作者身上的某种天才能力，而非作者本人。
不仅“诗”和“poem”具有内涵上的巨大差异。
“作诗”的“作”字与西方的“fiction”（虚构）、“creation”（创造）等也不可混为一谈。
“动词…作‟被普遍用于文学创作始自汉代或更早。
中西文化差异比较(英文)
The difference between chinese and western cultureWith the rapidly challging word, people throughout the world have found it increasingly necessary to minimize the rate of misunderstanding due to miscommunication in their contacts with another. In the oast most human beings were born, lived, and died within a limited geoographical area, never encountering people of other cultural backgrounds. It might be said that technological advances have been most effective in creating the borderless word, the global community. As our world shrinks and its inhabitants become interdependent, people from remot cultures increasingly come into contact on a daily basis. It is no longer hard to find situations in which membes of ince isolared groups of people. Now these people may live thousands of miles away or right next door to each other. So all the people are faced with the challenge of understand this world. So when the east meet west, there are many problems. Some problems are listed as follows.First of all, the way of eating. All huaman beings have certain basic needs. Our fundamental needs for things that keep us alive. This is the physioligical need. All individuals must eat in order to survive. But what people eat, when they eat, and the manners in which they eat are all patterned by culture. No society views everything in its environment that is edible and might provide nurishment as food. Americans eat oysters but not snail. The French eat snails but not locusts. The Jews eat fish but not pork. The Hindus eat pork but not beef. The Russiand eat beef but not snake. We all have ideas about what kinds of food are good to eat. We also have ideas about what kinds of food are bad to eat. As a result, people from one culture often think the food that people from another culture eat are disgusting or nauseating. Dislike is not the only reason why some culture will not eat a certain food. In some clture, certain foods are taboo. Sometimes the food taboos may be so strong thrat just the thought of eating forbidden foods can cause an indivdual to feel ill. We can also find culture difference in way of bring up children treating the early, greeting each other, saying and spending money before other people do in everyday, but in some English-speaking countries, people do not agree with us. We chinese may enjoy something that is not usually consider as edible by the English-speaking people. Generally we perfer to have thing hot and much emphasis on the taste. We eat from one plate when we are eating with others, and we like to seat one by one, and in the shape of a round. On the opposite, some English-speaking contries, most of the people like to seat in two rows, two people face to face. They have their own plate.On the aspect of table manners, there are many differences between chinese and English-speaking people. For example, in some Englishi-speaking countries, Bread plates are to the left of the main plate, beverage glasses are to the right. Salad fork, knife and soup spoon are further from the main plate than the main course knife, fork and spoon. When eating bread rolls, break off a piece before buttering. Use the knife only to butter the bread, not to cut it. They should not start eating before your host does or instructs to do so. At larger meals, it is considered okay to start eating once others have been served. When finished, place the knife and fork together at five o’clock with the fork on the left. It is considered rude to answer the telephone at the table. If need to take an urgent call, excuse self and go outside. Try to eat all the food you are served. But in China, the table manners are different. Chinese traditionally eat rice from a small bowl held in the left hand. The rice bowl is raised to the mouth and the rice pushed into the mouth using the chopsticks. Some Chinese find it offensive to scoop rice from the bowl using a spoon. If rice is served on a plate, as is more common in the West, it is acceptable and more practical to eat it with a fork or spoon. The thumb must always be above the edge of the bowl. The host should always make sure the guests drinks are sufficiently full. One should not pour for ones self, but should offer to pour for a neighbor. When your drink is being poured, you should say "thank you" and tap fingers on the table to show appreciation. When people wish to clink drinks together in the form of a cheer, it is important to observe that younger members should clink the edge of their drink below the edge of an elder to show respect.Secondly, the way of communication. Form birth to death, communication plays an integral part in our life. There are some language problems, including the different styles of using language such as direct, indirect; expansive, succinct; argumentative, conciliatory; instrumental, harmonnizing; and so on. These different styles can lead to wrong interpretations of intent and evaluation of insincerity, aggreeiveness, deviousness, or arrogance, among other. The misinterpretation nonverbal signs and symbols such as gestures, postures, and other body movements. It is a definite communication barrier. But it is possible to learn the meanings of these observable message,usually in informal rather ways. It is more difficult to understand the less obvious unspoken codes of the other cultures.Language, as the carrier of cul ture, is created during the process of human beings’ productive labor and serves as the tool of communication to convey the message between people. However, it has been endowed with magic and power in particular language acts. As the old saying goes, troubles come out of the tongue. Superstitious people think that the language itself can bring about fortune or misfortune so that taboos to restrict the use of language are created. Anyone who violates them will get punishment, whereas those who faithfully obey the restrictions of language taboo will get protection. Furthermore, linguistic taboos change with the development of society .The paper firstly analyzes the evolution of linguistic taboo. It is indicated in the paper that linguistic taboo exists in almo st every aspect of people’s life and is a universal social phenomenon in China and Britain. Both Chinese and English cultures are in agreement about linguistic taboos such as pronunciation taboo, and vocabulary taboo. However, influenced by different cultural backgrounds, ideologies and the concepts of value, Chinese and English linguistic taboos also have differences, as is discussed in the paper from the aspects of taboo subjects, taboo numbers and names. At last, this paper puts forward two effective ways of avoiding taboo, that is, using euphemism and having a good knowledge of the taboo culture. And this discussion would help English learners improve their ability of cross-cultural communication and achieve better communicational effects. For example, During the feudal times, people were not equal to the rulers and were suppressed by their superiors. The distinction between the upper and the lower classes was also reflected in the evaluation of the language used by them respectively. The words of upper class used were considered good and elegant while those used by the lower class were regarded as vulgar and indecent and should be avoided in the speech of ladies and gentlemen. In modern society, as a result of the development of science and technology, many natural phenomena are no longer mysterious. Human beings not only constantly improve their abilities to exploit the world where they are living through their great wisdom and knowledge, but also make efforts to explore the extraterrestrial world. Science has much more say in today’s society. Thereby, the superstitious elements in linguistic taboos decrease while those reflecting spiritual civilization increase.In short, by comparison, we can find that both Chinese and English communication reflect peopl e’s psychology for good will, for safety and fortune and pleasantness. The Chinese and English people restrict their words and deeds through taboos, trying to keep a harmonious relationship between human and nature, or between people and society. They are a reflection of people’s pursuit of freedom and equality.The most important, the different way of family structure, family values and family education. Family structure is the big difference between east and west, traditional chinese, amony many other Asians, repect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them. Children repay their parents` sacrifices by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a natural part of life in China. In contrast, taking care of aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous burden in the English-speaking countries, where aging and family support are not honored highly. In some English-speaking countries are still extrmely family-oriented. They are dedicated to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an edcuation. In turn, the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who go away and leave the country for the economic reasons typically send large parts of their salary home to their parents and the rest of the family. Or in some Asia, any decisions or actions are done from family consideration, not individual desires. Peope`s behavior is judged on whether it brings shame or pride to the family. The children are trained to rely on their families, to honor elderly people, and to fear foreigners. And many of them think that their actions in this life will influence their status in the next life. The way of family edcation is also the different. We all know the family education is the elementary education for children. Many serious problems have appeared in our education system in recent years. Almost everyone has realized the importance of solving these problems and many people have presented a lot of valuable suggestions. There are many types of family education in the world and each of them shows distinctive features and is closely responsive to its culture. And American family education is the most famous one among them. There are great differences in the concepts of education, methods of education and results of education between East family education and West family education. In some English-speaking countries, parents’ aims are to train their children to have the ability of adapting to environmental variety and the ability of living independently. Based on this concept, most American parents emphasize more to train their children’s ability of independence once they are born. They generally believe that children’s growth must rely on their own experiences, because they think that children should form a self-supporting will and the capacity to live independently since their childhood. And the capacity comes from the training in the early age. The so-called training contains many aspects, such as work, temper will, patience, the spirit of hard work, etc. However, the most fundamental training is the ability of adapting to hard conditions. Through the process of work, children will form the labor sense, learn some work skills and form a habit of labor. Besides, children can learn how to overcome difficulties, temper their willpower, develop their talents and skills, rich their knowledge, and form a habit of hard work and thrifty by working in hard conditions. It is just in the unconsciously process that children will obtain the independent survivability and take the responsibilities for the society. Compared with someEnglish-speaking countries, Chinese parents have a very different concept of children’s education. Some parents inChina only care about whether the children have a promising future, a good job, a good life or not. Based on these expectations, the majority of parents feel that their responsibility for their children is to create as good conditions as possible they can so that the children will not worry about anything in the future. Chinese parents would like to provide everything what they can for their children in the process of children’s growth. In short, they would like to sacrifice anything if their children can live better with their help. Therefore, in the process o f children’s growth, the most important thing the parents concerning is to developing their children’s intellect, except for caring children’s daily life. In order to make their children have a good performance in study, become outstanding, or even become a famous person in the future, they would not let children do anything except studying. As for the children’s independence, civic awareness and their ability adapting to the society in the future, they consider little or not at all. From these aspects we can find the obvious differences of family education betweenAmerica and China.When we faced with those difference between West and East, we should give some advice to solve these problems. According to the three big difference that pointed, we should find some way to deal with these problems.We can study other languages and learn to expect in nonvwebal forms and other cultural aspects. We can train ourselves to meet intercultural encounters with more attention to situation details. We can use an investigative approach rather than stereotypes and preconceptions. We can gradually expose ourselves to differences so that they become less threatening. We can even learn to lower our tension level when needed to advoid triggering defensive reactions. The overall goal should be to achieve intercultural communication competence.So the ideal solution to reduce the problems are to share knowledge with others in communication. This is why it is easiest to communicate with other members of the same group. This is why people so often gather together socially with others who are very much like them. Since intercultural communication is communication with members of different cultual groups, and therefore, because we do not share knowledge, assumptions, values, and forms of discourse with them, we must expect there to be problems of interpretation. We must look for these problems, anticipate where they will arise out of our differences, and then plan our aommunications to be as effective as possible. However, we have to remember that, most of the time, the different ways that are the customs of dfferent cultures are neither right nor wrong. It is simply that different people do the same tings in different manners, even though we can not understand ,we should show the respect. I believe this is the best way to make our life become more comfortable and make the world more harmonious.. ..。
中西方爱情诗差异
目 录
• 中西方爱情诗的文化背景 • 中西方爱情诗的主题与风格 • 中西方爱情诗的情感表达 • 中西方爱情诗的意象与象征 • 中西方爱情诗的创作技巧与手法 • 中西方爱情诗的影响与启示
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CATALOGUE
中西方爱情诗的文化背景
文化起源
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西方爱情诗源于古希腊罗马神话 和基督教文化，强调个人情感和 性爱自由。
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人物形象
要点一
总结词
中西方爱情诗中的人物形象存在较大差异，中国诗中常出 现的是柔弱、婉约的女性形象，而西方诗中则常出现的是 热情奔放、追求自由的爱情追求者形象。
要点二
详细描述
在中国爱情诗中，女性形象通常被描绘为柔弱、婉约、含 蓄的，如“玉人”、“淑女”、“红颜”等，这些形象体 现了中国传统文化中对女性的审美标准和道德要求。而在 西方爱情诗中，人物形象通常更加鲜明和个性化，强调对 爱情的追求和自由的向往，如拜伦、雪莱等诗人笔下的女 性形象。
促进了跨文化交流，加深了东西方文化的相互理解。
对跨文化交流的启示
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对共同点的认识
02 中西方爱情诗都表达了对真爱的追求和对美好生 活的向往。
03 爱情是人类共同的情感体验，不受地域和文化的 限制。
对跨文化交流的启示
• 爱情诗是情感交流的重要载体， 有助于增进人与人之间的情感共 鸣。
对跨文化交流的启示
浪漫
西方爱情诗则更倾向于浪漫主义的表达方式，强调情 感的纯粹和美好，追求心灵的契合和精神的满足。
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CATALOGUE
中西方爱情诗的意象与象征
自然景物
总结词
中西方爱情诗中，自然景物常常作为象征和 隐喻，表达诗人对爱情的感受和思考。
中英诗歌对比赏析·中西文化差异PPT文档20页
41、学问是异常珍贵的东西，从任何源泉吸 收都不可耻。——阿卜·日·法拉兹
42、只有在人群中间，才能认识自 己。——德国
43、重复别人所说的话，只需要教育； 而要挑战别人所说的话，则需要头脑。—— 玛丽·佩蒂博恩·普尔
中英诗歌对比赏析·中西文化 差异
41、实际上，我们想要的不是针对犯 罪的法 律，而 是针对 疯狂的 法律。 ——马 克·吐温 42、法律的力量应当跟随着公民，就 像影子 跟随着 身体一 样。— —贝卡 利亚 43、法律和制度必须跟上人类思想进 步。— —杰弗 逊 44、人类受制于法律，法律受制于情 理。— —托·富 勒
44、卓越的人一大优点是：在不利与艰 难的遭遇里百折不饶。——贝多芬
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中英诗歌对比赏析·中西文化差异
21、没有人陪你走一辈子，所以你要 适应孤 独，没 有人会 帮你一 辈子， 所以你 要奋斗 一生。 22、当眼泪流尽的时候，留下的应该 是坚强 。 23、要改变命运，首先改变自己。
24、勇气很有理由被当作人类德性之 首，因 为这种 德性保 证了所 有其余 的德性 。--温 斯顿． 丘吉尔 。 25、梯子的梯阶从来不是用来搁脚的 ，它只 是让人 们的脚 放上一 段时间 ，以便 让坑里。——黑格尔 32、希望的灯一旦熄灭，生活刹那间变成了一片黑暗。——普列姆昌德 33、希望是人生的乳母。——科策布 34、形成天才的决定因素应该是勤奋。——郭沫若 35、学到很多东西的诀窍，就是一下子不要学很多。——洛克