科技改变生活(英文)
Technology Is Changing Our Lives
Technology is one of the most important factors to promote our society to develop from one era to another. Whether you are aware of it or not, every day at every time technology is greatly influencing the way we live and work. Computers, new technology in the 21th century, are the best examples.
As the greatest inventions of human beings, they are being used more and more extensively in the world today. Especially when their functions are amplified with the help of internet, computers may even make everything convenient and possible.
You can do shopping on the net. If your family wants to buy a TV, you can see a picture of the model and find the store with the best price through your computer.
You need only to send a message to that store and the right amount of money will be taken out of your bank account and put into the store. Like this,you can buy anything you want without going out of the room.
You can work at home through computer. The internet, the main trading tool, makes SOHO (small office, home office) possible. This will make the workplace more comfortable and reduce
transportation time and
hence
potentially boost actual
work hours.
You can learn a lot of knowledge from internet.
Internet presents a vivid world in front of us. Sitting before your computer, only by clicking the mouse, you can acquire the up to the minute news, the latest development in politics and science and the most peculiar customs and cultures in the world. It is the access to the information super highway for traveling through cyber
Internet also shortens the distance between peoples.
Owning a computer, you can communicate with your relatives or friends by sending e mails no matter how far they are from you.
In summary, we have benefited a lot from the invention of computers.
However, all new technologies trigger confusion such as some technical, economic and legal problems. So when
we are enjoying the advantages new technology brings to us, we should also establish some new rules and laws to prevent the negative influence of technology.
Science and technology have been bringing human beings tremendous benefits. Thanks to science and technology, we now live comfortably and conveniently in houses furnished with air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and televisions etc. Thanks to science and technology, we can eat fresh vegetables att the year round. Thanks to science and technology, we can travel tong distances in the fraction of a second on planes, trains and cars. Thanks to science and technology, we wear clothes with synthetic materials which can not easily be worn out.
However, science and technology have atso brought us a tot of disasters. First, because of the many breakthroughs in the field of medicine, people are now living much longer than they used to. As a result, the population of the world is increasing, causing tots of problems. Second, because of the development of industry, tots of the wastes from factories pour into the air and rivers, causing pollution of att kinds. Third, some terrorists are using science and technology against mankind. They use biological, chemical and unclear weapons to threaten world peace...
So it's urgent that we find ways to solve these problems. But we should not stop the development of science and technology because of these disasters they bring, just as we should not give up eating for fear of choking. In addition, we should make some rules to regulate our actions. As long as we use science and technology in a proper way, they may bring us even more benefits.
管理沟通以案例分析为视角英文版第5版教辅文件Hershey Foods Teaching Note
Eugene D. Fanning Center for Business Communication03-03 TN Mendoza College of Business University of Notre Dame Hershey Foods: It’s Time to Kiss and Make Up TEACHING NOTE Purpose of the Case Study 1.To provide students with an appreciation for the impact that a corporation’s culture has on its business operations. 2.To allow students to gain an understanding of how valuable effective crisis management is for corporations who find their reputation tarnishing; 3.To encourage students to improve their critical thinking by establishing business strategies to deal with a crisis situation; 4.To provide students with an appreciation for the value of clear communication to stakeholders about a business issue; 5.To give students an appreciation for the importance of continuing communication, both internally and publicly, to the long-term success of any business enterprise. Identifying the Business Problem In his first year as CEO of Hershey Foods Richard Lenny faced conflict with the community, employees and investors. He had already endured the longest strike in the history of the company, closed plants, and managed to increase profits by 10%. This case was prepared by Research Assistants Michaelyn M. McCoy and Laura A. Castrillo under the direction of James S. O’Rourke, Concurrent Professor of Management, as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. Copyright ?2003. Eugene D. Fanning Center for Business Communication. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise – without permission.
小议科技英语翻译技巧
小议科技英语翻译技巧 科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述，即在句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传递主要信息。科技文章文体的特点是：清晰、准确、精练、严密。那末，科技文章的语言结构特色在翻译过程中如何处理，这是进行英汉科技翻译时需要探讨的问题。现分述如下： 一、大量使用名词化结构 大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）是科技英语的特点之一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为。 Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. 阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。 句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。 名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表达的概念更加确切严密。 If you use firebricks round the walls of the boiler, the heat loss, can be considerably reduced. 炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。 科技英语所表述的是客观规律，因之要尽量避免使用第一、二人称；此外，要使主要的信息置于句首。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。 名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而"谓语动词则着重其发射和接受的能力。 二、广泛使用被动语句 根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态。这是因为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确。第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态，例如：Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注意机器的工作温度。此外，如前所述，科技文章将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。这也是广泛使用被动态的主要原因。试观察并比较下列两段短文的主语。 We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. We call such a device a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance .It is measured in farads. 电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，
管理沟通英语期末整理
管理沟通英语期末整理: 1. 管理沟通的五大策略，并且如何用这些策略分析视频或平面广告的沟通效果；Communicator Strategy: Is to analysis Who am I-[credibility]. What’s my object-(why). What style should I choose-(how), in all, is credibility, objective and style Audience Strategy: Techniques for gearing your communication toward your audience’s needs and interests. Containing five parts: Who are they? What do they know? What do they need? What do they feel? How can you motivate them? Message Strategy: 2 basic approaches: Emphasize（强调）and organize（有条理的）: Defining the object \Clear ideas\ contend and structure. Channel choice Strategy: 1. Writing or speaking? ---Writing: keeps a permanent record and more formal; ---Speaking: need a “richer”communication （需要更丰富的沟通） — much more than words, difficult to arrange and unproductive and easier to be forgotten IM’s problem 1.The other person is not always available 2. Not suitable for long conversation and complicated conversation. 3. easy to be forwarded! 4. Informal and bad grammar leads to a bad impression. 5. Too much multitasking and lead to embarrassments; Culture Strategy: How to influence:It affects objective, style, credibility in communicator strategy. And selection and motivation in audience strategy. 2. 成功会议的标准，根据给定的信息撰写会议开场白或者总结发言； The meeting 1.should be prepared well 2.have clear purpose, 3.Everybody should be given a role, 4.has a clear procedure. A successful meeting contain three parts: 1. preparation before the meeting 2. participation and control during the meeting
科技英语翻译的原则_方法及技巧.
翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法
管理沟通以案例分析为视角英文版第5版教辅文件IM Mgt Comm 5e Chapt 12
B USINESS M EETINGS T HAT W ORK C HAPTER 12 “People don’t have good meetings because they don’t know what good meetings are like.”I. Most managers are forced to meet with colleagues because: A. They are scheduled and attendance is not optional; B. Participants have ulterior or non-meeting-related motives for attending; C. They have no other options for achieving their goals. II. A formal meeting is a communication alternative available when you cannot accomplish your goals or objectives in any other way. A. Professional meeting consultants see the following as legitimate reasons for taking people’s time, spending their company’s money, and devoting both energy and effort into a meeting: 1. To motivate; 2. To educate; 3. To recreate; 4. To initiate; 5. To network; 6. To reward. III. A business meeting is a gathering in which a purposeful exchange or transaction occurs among two or more people with a common interest, purpose, or problem. A. Think about calling a meeting when you need to: 1. Talk about goals; 2. Listen to reports; 3. Train people; 4. Build morale;
管理沟通作业英文版
管理沟通作业(英文版) 1、i f I was in the Rob Leonard”s position , I will tell the truth to my boss that I do not understand the new loan program，so I will tell my boss that I am not ready to give that speech . in my view ,it is a wise idea that telling Mr Lorigan I am not ready to give that speech .the reasons followings: firstly ,I do not know about the new program ,perhaps, I am not doing well. Secondly, I should be responsible for my customers ,if I give that speech which I do not understand ,my customs may be do unwise decision ,even ,which will bring them loss, then my credit will lower, these will have bad effect on my company .thirdly, if I tell my boss the truth earlier , it will save time for my boss to look for reasonable people. 2、p rincipal messages : firstly ,we should know our customs ‘s age .because sometime age will have some effect on one’s decision ,people who is older will be cautious to do loan choice .secondly, whether our customs are adventurous or not ? if our custom is a adventurous person ,he or she will invest more on the loan , maybe ,he or she looks further effectiveness and be positive about his or her income . thirdly , should our custom have the ability to repay , if our custom don’t have the ability to repay and we give him loan ,we will bring our company loss, at the same time , it is not benefit for our company to administrate customs , last but not least,
浅析科技英语中长句的翻译技巧
翻译期末作业论文 浅析科技英语中长句的翻译 A brief analysis on translation of long sentence in scientific English 浅析科技英语中长句的翻译 摘要 如今随着社会的不断发展，科学技术也越来越尖端并且正在不断的更新中。同时随着经济全球化发展，各国的科学技术也在互相补足与融合。而这时候，为了能有更准确的理解，标准的科技英语翻译工作自然就成了科学技术的重要生产力。科技英语翻译的重要性也越发突出。本文将分析科技英
语中长句和复合句的使用及分类，然后重点解析科技英语中长句的几种翻译技巧，从而能将复杂的科技英语中长句准确的译为汉语。 引言 科技英语是用来陈述自然界、科技界所发生或出现的事情, 描述其规律、特点、过程等的语言, 其表达客观准确、逻辑性强、结构严谨。为了更好地记录自然界的现象和科技界的动态, 用来记录的句子往往偏长、结构复杂。所以在科技英语的翻译实践中遇到的具体问题之一就是科技英语长句的翻译，那么如何处理长句呢？这不仅需要掌握一定量的词汇，而且最重要的必须掌握相应的翻译技巧方可能更准确的翻译。本文包含五个部分：首先，介绍了科技英语中长句的特点；其次，讲述了科技英语中长句和复合句的分类；再次，则分析了科技英语中长句的应用和在科技英语中英语长句的优点；接下来，这也是本文的重点，也就是浅析了科技英语中长句的几种翻译技巧；最后，则是全文的一个总结概述。 1.科技英语中长句的特点 科技英语的特点主要是术语繁沉、论证严密，翻译时要特别注意逻辑是否严谨、术语是否准确、表达是否简练明确。在实践过程中，科技英语长句的翻译是一个比较复杂、棘手的难题。不仅限于并列句和复合句，简单句有时也很长，它的一个重要特点就是修饰语较长，这些修饰语一般都是短语和从句，它们或是位于名词后面的短语或从句，或是位于动词后面的短语或从句。 因此，为了兼顾译文的准确性和可读性，我们就要掌握一定的方法和技巧。 2.科技英语长句的分类 2.1Sentence with a number of subordinate clauses of different levels. E.g.Perhaps the factor thatmakes a positive outcome most likely is the clear recognitin by the Japane se government and business community that there is an emergent need for innovation, and a wide agreem entthat the national interest requiredthatmajor effort be concentrated in this area. 也许，带来积极结果的因素很大可能上是日本政府和商业界对当前急切需要创新和国家利益要求需在该领域投入更多的努力的认知。 2.2The sentence with a series of past-modifiers, like a chain E.g. Each cylinder is encased in a water jacket, which forms part of circuit through which water is
管理沟通教学大纲.
管理沟通》教学大纲 课程编号： 课程英文名称：ManagementCommunication 课程类别：专业必修/ 选修课 学分/ 总学时：2学分/ 32 学时 开课对象：工商管理类专业 一、课程的性质、目的和任务 课程性质：本课程作为管理类专业的必修/ 选修课开设。 课程目的：在世界经济日益全球化的今天，管理沟通的重要性越来越被人们所认识。对企业内部而言，要建立学习型的企业，企业必须注重团队合作精神的培养，而有效的企业内部沟通交流是成功的关键；对企业外部而言，加强企业之间的强强联合和优势互补，需要掌握谈判与合作等沟通技巧。同时，为了更好地在现有政策条件允许下，实现企业的发展并服务社会，企业也需要处理好企业与政府、企业与公众、企业与媒体等各方面的关系。所以此课程的目的是使学生熟练掌握和应用管理沟通的原理和技巧。 教学目标：管理沟通是一门正在发展的学科，也是一门应用性较强的学科。通过对管理沟通的基本理论、基本技巧和技能的系统讲解，使学生建立基本的管理沟通意识，并掌握基本的个人沟通技能，同时，了解和掌握企业中高层管理人员应当具备的管理沟通知识和能力。进而使同学们在学习、工作中，能有意识地运用所学到管理、沟通的知识和理论，达成有效的人际交往和管理沟通效果。 、学习本课程学生应掌握的前设课程知识先修课程：管理学基础 三、课程内容和基本要求、学时分配 沟通概论（2 学时） 1- 1 沟通的含义
1- 2 沟通的基本模型 1- 3 沟通的要素 1- 4 沟通的方式 1- 5 沟通中的障碍 1-6 有效沟通的策略 基本要求： ①了解本课程的教学要求、教学规划、学习方式、学习重点内容及要达到的目标对沟通有一定的认识. ②掌握克服沟通障碍的策略 第二章管理沟通1 学时 2- 1 管理沟通的含义 2- 2 管理与沟通的关系 2- 3 管理沟通的作用 2- 4 影响管理沟通的主要因素 2- 5 有效管理沟通的策略 基本要求： ①了解管理沟通与沟通的区别 ②掌握实现有效管理沟通的方法 第三章组织沟通3 学时 3- 1 组织沟通的含义及类型 3- 2 纵向沟通 3- 3 横向沟通 3- 3 组织中的沟通网络 3- 5 组织外部沟通
科技英语文章翻译
科技英语文章翻译 任何作品均有特定得文体,原文得文体不同,翻译方法也随之而异。试观察下列几个片断得原文及其译文。 "It appears that you've got the offer of a very good job、" "A wonderful job、" "Are you going to take it ?" "I don't think so、" "Why not?' "I don't want to、" “听说有个很好得工作要您去干。” “挺好得工作。” “打算干吗？” “不。” “为什么不干？” “不想干。”L5Q5nru。 这就是小说中得一段对说,属于口语文体。其特点就是:用词自由,句法结构简单,短句与省略句多,自然朴素,生活气息浓厚。在译文中进一步体现汉语口语得特点,省去主语“您”、“我”;将英语得一个句子I don't think so。干脆译成一个字“不”,显得简洁有力。 She was of a helpless, fleshy build, with a frank, open countenance and an innocent, diffident manner、 Her eyes were large and patient, and in them dwelt such a shadow of distress as only those who have looked sympathetically into the countenances of the distraught and helpless poor know anything about、 那妇人生着一副绵软多肉得体格,一张坦率开诚得面容,一种天真羞怯得神气。一双大落落得柔顺眼睛,里边隐藏着无穷得心事,只有那些对于凄惶无告得穷苦人面目作过同情观察得人才瞧得出来。上面五十一个词得片断,就运用了十个形容词,占五分之一。and in then dwelt such a shadow of distress就是非常优美生动得文学语言,译文保持了一风格。