轮机英语会话评估口述题参考答案翻译
无限航区船舶二三副英语评估口述题参考答案
航海英语听力与会话（第三版）口述题.第一章公共用语1. Please say something about your hometown.My hometown is Xiamen, it is a beautiful city in south china .my hometown is good port city. And famous for its tourism. Every year there are thousands of tourists coming from all parts of the country, they will enjoy the beautiful scenery. The fresh air and the blue sky. The people here are very kind and hospitable .they entertain their guests with delicious local seafood .I like my hometown very much.2. Self –introductionMy name is Li Ming. I am twenty years old. My hometown is Xiamen. It is a beautiful city in south china. I graduated from Xiamen Ocean Collage in 2006. I have been a seaman for two years. I am a third officer. I like the life on board. My hobby is playing basketball and football. I am interested in listening music and reading storybook. Listening music can help me relax and enjoy. In my spare time, I always listen music on deck.3. Say something about your family.I am from Xiamen. My family is small. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and I. My father is a seaman. He is a captain. He likes navigating and fishing. My mother is a doctor. She work in a big hospital in Xiamen city. She is very busy. I am a student. Now I am studying at Xiamen Ocean Collage. I will graduate next year. I like reading book and playing football. We get along very well. I am very happy with the family.5. Your responsibilities on boardI work as an A.B. on board. My duty on board is keeping watches and doing maintenance work. Before sailing, I test the wheel, check the navigation lights, prepare the signal flags. When entering or leaving the port, I keep the navigation watch. During the voyage, I steer the wheel, and keep lookout. When at sea and traffic density is low, I usually do maintenance work. Such as derusting, painting or splicing work and so on.When berthing or unberthing, I do mooring and unmooring work. My position in these cases is forecastle or poop. When lying alongside, I keep the gangway watch.第三章靠离与锚泊业务1. As an officer on duty, how do you keep watch while the ship is at anchor?When the ship is at anc hor, the officer being on duty, I should comply with the captain’s order, keep continuous listening watch on VHF, and check anchor position frequently by GPS fixing and radar fixing. If any ship is coming ,I should keeping watch the coming vessel ,pay attention to her position to prevent the two ships from collision .in case of anchor dragging ,I will inform master, inform the engine room to stand by engine, and inform the harbour control.第四章装卸作业2. Describe the procedures before entering an enclosed space.Before we enter an enclosed space, ventilation should be carried out in advance; the concentration of oxygen should be checked. We will be prohibited from entering the space if it is low. In that case, we shall wear breathing apparatus .Some crew shall keep watch at the entrance and exit. The interphone shall be carried to contact others in time .electric torch and illuminating device shall be carried. In the event of dangers, we shall call for help and withdraw.4. Describe the actions to be taken in case of an oil spill on board.If an oil spill happens on board, the person on the spot shall report to bridge immediately and take some measures such as shut off the oil pump. The bridge will sound the alarm. On hearing the alarm, all the crew shall carry tools to remove the spilled oil immediately. Before bunkering, precautions must be taken, such as plugging deck scuppers, placing oil removing tools and fire –fighting equipment on the bunkering spot, closely monitoring oil level, ensuring the communication between watchmen and bunkering tanker.第五章航行1. The duties of watch –keeping when underway.When underway, a proper lookout shall be kept continuously .give way to the coming vessel early and give her a wide berth. Keep listening on VHF 16 .take ship’s position frequently to ensure the ship on the planned courses .stand by to proceed in reduced visibility. Check the navigational instruments frequently to see if they are in good working order. Anyway, various means shall be employed to ensure the navigational safety of the ship.2. Describe the bridge shift change.The relieving officer must relieve the watch on time, reporting to the bridge early enough become informed of the situation before taking over the watch. The relieving officer must read and understand the entries in the master’s Night Order Book and sign it to indicate understanding of the master’s order. He must confirm the ship’s present position. Review related charts and publications, discuss the navigational situation with the officer on watch and check the ship’s gyro course recorder. If satisfied that all the above information is correct, in order and understood, the relieving officer will finally relieve the officer on watch. The watch officer must not surrender the watch until assured that the relieving officer is physically capable and fully understand the steaming situation. The watch is not to be relieved during a maneuver.4. Describe advantages of various tools or technologies for proper lookout.Proper lookout includes but is not limited by the following: visual lookout, hearing, Radar, VHF, Telescope, etc... By visual lookout, the prevailing circumstances and conditions in the vicinity o the vessel can be clearly known. By using Radar, the range and bearing of objects can be detected so as determine if risk of collision exist. According to the figures, you can decide when, where and how to avoid the unfavorable situations. It is convenient for navigators to communicate easily with each other through VHF. The purpose of proper lookout is to maintain safety. According to the prevailing circumstances and conditions, various tool and technologies are used, to keep the vessel’s safety.第八章消防与船员自救1. Describe fire precautions on board.Have fire patrols in all spaces regularly. Be careful to extinguish cigarettes completely. Never smoke in bed. Never smoke on deck except in areas labeled as smoking areas. Never throw a cigarette overboard. The naked light and open fire is strictly prohibited. Never use an electric iron in cabin. Carry out fire fighting drill every month. The fire fighting equipment shall be checking at regular intervals .if anything is found ,it shall be solved in time to ensure they are ready for use at any time, the fire fighting drills shall be carried out every month to assimilate every crew member with his own duties. After the fire alarm is sounded, all the crew shall go to the assembly station. the commanded will call the roll and report the number to the bridge .the bridge will take measures according to different situations, the routine fire fighting work is very important. Every person on board shall pay attention to fire precautions to ensure thesafety of ship and personnel.3 Describe the measures taken on board if aground.If a ship is aground. Must stop engine. Sound general emergency alarm. Exhibit lights / shapes and make any appropriate sound signals. Check hull for damage. Sound bilge and tanks. Sound around ship to determine which way deep water lies and the nature of the seabed. Obtain information on local currents and tides. Reduce the draft of the ship or wait the rise of the tide for re-floating4 describe the measures taken on board if on fire.If a fire is found on board. We must sound the fire alarm. Call master to the bridge if he is not on the bridge. Muster crew. Each crewmember has to carry out his assigned duty. Determine the class of fire. Use appropriate extinguishers to put the fire off. Close down ventilation fans and all doors to prevent the spread of the fire. Check for missing and injured persons. When the fire is extinguished, post a fire watch and check the fire area to prevent the re-ignition of the fire. Rope off the fire area.第九章救助2 Describe the responses when a person falls overboard.Release lifebuoy with light and smoke signal on the side the crew member has fallen overboard. Take immediate avoiding action so as not to run over the man over the man overboard. Sound three prolonged blasts of the ship’s whistle. Post a lookout to maintain a continuous watch on the man overboard. Hoist signal flag ‘O’. Commence a recovery maneuver, such as a Williamson turn. Note ship’s position, wind speed and direction and time. Inform engine room. Place engine on stand-by. Must rescue boat’s crew. Rig pilot ladder/nets to assist in the recovery. Broadcast URGENCY message to ships in the vicinity.3. Describe briefly the GMDSS.GMDSS means Global Maritime Distress and Safety system. It will establish communication between ship and shore in time, and avoid and decrease accidents at sea, to ensure the safety of crew and ship. GMDSS consists of INMASAT A, B, C; VHF, MF/HF, DSC, SART, EPIRB, Navtex, SSB, and so on. GMDSS can provide to ships weather forecast, navigation and safety warning, and the accurate position of vessel in distress. In case of emergence, vessels will transmit distress messages to coast station, ant the vessel in distress will be rescued.4. Describe briefly the DSC distress alert.DSC is a part of GMDSS on board. It is used to communications between ship and shore, ship and ship. It is the important equipment to transmit signals when a vessel is in distress. The format of distress alert is as follows: MMSI position, time, nature of distress, and later means of communication, such as telephone or telex. DSC is very important. It is very helpful for assistance in distress, which makes it more possible for ships to be salvaged.第十章遇险1．Send a Mayday message according to the given information.Mayday, Mayday, Mayday. This is MV Blue Whale, Blue Whale. My call sign is WXCP, Whisky, X-ray, Charlie, Papa. My present position is 47o 4’ N, 50o8’ W. there is explosion and fire in the engine room. We have been doing our best in fire fighting but the ship is still in danger. We need fire fighting assistance. Over.2. Send a Mayday message according to the given information.Mayday, Mayday, Mayday. This is MV South Pacific, South Pacific. My call sign is NOPE, November, Oscar, Papa, Echo. I am aground. My present position is 22o 04’ N, 127o 08’ E. We have tried to refloat. But the wind is too strong and the ship is in danger. We need tug assistance. Over.3. Send a Pan Pan message according to the given information.Pan Pan, Pan Pan, Pan Pan. This is MV White Snow, White Snow. My call sign is ALMI, Alpha, Lima, Mike, India. My main engine has broken down. My present position is 22o 04’ N, 127o 08’ E . My ship is rolling and pitching heavily due to strong wind and is in danger. We need tug assistance. Over.4. Send a Pan Pan message according to the given information.Pan Pan, Pan Pan, Pan Pan. This is MV Blue Sea, Blue Sea. My call sign is BERN, Bravo, Echo, Romeo, November. My present position is 22o 04’ N, 127o 08’ E . My steering gear has broken down. The vessel is out of control and adrift. I am in danger. I need convoy assistance. Over.第十一章港口国检查2 Please describe the preparatory work or the daily maintenance work to be done by you before a PSC inspection.I am a third officer. I am responsible for the care of the fire-fighting appliances, life-saving appliances, ship’s signaling equipment and signal flags. Before a PSC inspection, I must ensure that all these appliances and equipments are in good condition and available for immediate use. Prepare these appliances inspecting and maintaining plans, Prepare the records of inspection, test and maintenance of all these appliances.第十二章ISPS2 Please describe something about Automatic Identification System.Automatic Identification System is device that transmits information about your ship and receives the same from other ships. An example of information transmitted would be: Call s ign, ship’s name, the ship’s speed, course and destination. The AIS is an important tool for coastal states to monitor ship traffic and to detect possible threats. Coast stations can also receive this information.4. please describe something about ship security training and drill.On board ship, trainings and drills of Security are very important. Usually the security training is carried out once a month. And the security drill is carried out once every three months. The ship imagines a security incident during the drill. All the crewmembers must take part in the drill. The security officers is in charge of the training. All personnel except the duty members must join the activity. Imagining a incident, transmitting alert, carrying out different duties by the crew, summarizing the above result and submitting a report to company are the basic procedure of ship security training and drill.。
航海英语评估口语答案
第一章公共用语口述题1. Please say something about your hometown.例一(简单)：(1) My hometown is Dalian. Dalian is a beautiful city. It is in the Liaoning Province, facingthe Bohai Sea. There are about 5 million people in the city.(2) It is a famous tourist coastal city in China. Its climate around the year is suitable andcomfortable for living. The sky is blue and the air is clean. There are many famous spotsattracting many tourists every year.(3) The specialties of Dalian is the seafood. There are many good restaurants providingdelicious seafood.例二（稍难）：I come from Zhoushan. Zhoushan is a city in Zhejiang province. It is a small city with a population of about 100,000. It is located by the sea. It is a famous tourist city. Many tourists come to visit my hometown, they enjoy their summer holidays in my hometown. People here are very friendly. Now you can see many new buildings, modern-looking residential houses, many straight country roads connected to broad highways, and green trees and plants with flowers everywhere. It is a famous tourist city in China. It is noted for its beautiful sea and clean environment and ship building and repair industry.2. Please say something about yourself.(1) My name is …,I am …years old. I graduated from Dalian Shipping College. My major ismarine navigation. I am 25 years old. I come from Dalian.(2) I am a third officer. My daily work includes watching-keeping, maintaining firefightingand lifesaving equipment etc. My watching time is from 0800 to 1200 a.m. and p.m. when at sea.(3) In my spare time, I like reading ,watching TV, playing basketball and football. Sometimes Iwould like to surf the internet, to go shopping etc.3. Please say something about your family.(1) My family is a happy one. There are three people in my family, my father, mother and I.(2) My father is an engineer. He works in Dalian shipyard. My mother is a teacher. She worksin Dalian Maritime University. My mother teaches English language. She is one of the most popular teachers.(3) My mother has a hobby of collecting stamps. She has collected thousands pieces ofstamps, including quite a lot of foreign stamps. My father likes playing pingpong and this makes him healthy.4. The favorite port you have called at.(1) I have called at many famous ports around the world. Dalian port is my favorite port Ihave called at.(2) It is a modernized port. There are many modernized port facilities, including deep waterberths and cargo loading and unloading equipments. It can accept various large and ultra large vessels.(3) Dalian port is an ice-free port. With the fast pace of development and the specialgeographic position, Dalian port will surely become the most important port in thenortheast of China.5. Please say something about your responsibilities on board.(1) I work in the deck department. I am a third officer.(2) I shall keep a navigation watch from 0800 to 1200 and from 2000 to 2400 while underwayat sea. I shall supervise the operation at station on the bridge while the vessel is mooring , unmooring or anchoring.(3) I am responsible to the Master for the care of all lifesaving appliances and firefightingequipment and to ensure that all of them are maintained in a thoroughly efficient state and all are in valid. I shall keep the safety equipment record book..问答题1 My date of birth is 4th of April 1974.2 It’s A3996625.3 I am from Dalian China4 My cap tain’s nationality is China5 I thick the most important thing on board is safe, secure and efficient6 I often call at Dalian, Shanghai, and Honking ports7 My favorite TV program is news program8 My favorite Web site is www. CCTV. Com9 My favorite day of the week is Friday. Because it is weekend day and next date is off day10 My favorite movie is action movie11 My favorite music is light music12 My favorite magazine is READER13 The population of my hometown is six millions14 The population of my country is 13 billions15 The best thing about my hometown is the weather. It is not hotter in summer and not colder inwinter16 The worst thing about my hometown is the cost of living is too high, especially cost ofmedicine, education and house17 My hometown is a middle size modernization city18 Y es. There are many disasters, such as earthquakes, flooding, typhoon etc..19 I like to watch football games on TV20 I think the most popular sport in the world is football match第三章一、问答题1．Can you list at least three mooring lines?The ship’s mooring lines are:1) the head line 首缆2）the stern line 尾缆3) the forward breast line 前横缆4) the forward spring line 前倒缆5) the aft breast line 后横缆6) the aft spring line 后倒缆2．What should be prepared before the pilot comes on board?Before the pilot comes on board, the pilot ladder, lights, heaving line and lifebuoy should beprepared and ready for use.3. What is the maximum speed through the water that your ship can anchor without risking breaking the cable?I think the maximum speed is below 2 knots.4. What flag should be hoisted when a vessel requires a pilot?When a vessel requires a pilot, the signal flag G should be hoisted. (Signal letter Golf means I require a pilot.)5. How can a ship get in touch with a port before her arrival?The ship can get in touch with a port by VHF.6. What ship’s particulars will pilot station usually ask for?The pilot station usually asks for ship’s name, call sign, LOA, ETA, ETD, drafts fore and aft, air draft, last port of call, next port of call, cargo conditions, etc.7. What should be reported to the pilot station?The following should be reported to the pilot station:ship’s ETA, ETD, name, call sign, LOA,drafts fore and aft, air draft,last port of call, next port of call,cargo conditions and information about ship’s deficiency.8. What should be confirmed from the pilot station?Pilot’s boarding time and place, the ship’s side on which the pilot ladder should be put.9. When the vessel enter the VTS area (交通管制区), what is requested to report?Ship’s ETA, name, call sign and flag state; ship’s position, course and speed, the reporting point the vessel is passing, cargo conditions and any deficiencies, etc.10. What does foul anchor mean?Foul anchor means that the anchor has its own cable twisted around it or has fouled an obstruction.11．If you are ordered “Stand by both engines”, how should you reply and report?I should reply: “Stand by both engines” and report: “ both engines standing by”.12. Can you list three famous canals in the world?They are the Sues Canal, Panama Canal and Kiel Canal.13. When you request the receiver to remain on the channel 16 in VHF communication, whatdo you say?I’ll say “Stand by on Channel 16”.14. How to rectify the mistake in maritime VHF communication?To rectify the mistake in maritime VHF communication, you should say two words: “mistake, correct” followed by the correct part of the message. For example: My present speed is 14 knots, mistake, correct, my present speed is 12, one two knots.15. How to emphasize the important part of the message in maritime VHF communication?To emphasize the important part of a message in maritime communication, you should say the word “repeat” and then say the important part of the message. For example, “do not overtake, repeat, do not overtake.16. What does abandon “abandon vessel mean?Abandon vessel means evacuating crew and passengers from a vessel after a distress.17. What does the abbreviation “ETD” stand for?ETD stands for Estimated Time of Departure.18. What does dredging an anchor mean?Dredging anchor means the moving of an anchor over the sea bottom to control the movement of the vessel.19. What does “underway mean”?Underway means a vessel which is not at anchor, or made fast to the shore, or aground.20. What does “dragging of an anchor” mean?Dragging of an anchor means the moving of an anchor over the sea bottom involuntarily and it is no longer preventing the movement of the vessel.21. What is the difference between a “radar beacon” and a “radar reflector”?A radar beacon is an active device that can transmit a pulse for identification while a radarreflector is a passive device that can only enhance the aids’ ability to reflect radar signals. 22. How many objects do you need to get a position using “horizontal sextant angles 六分仪水平角定位”？At least two objects are needed.23. Why is a magnetic compass kept on board when a gyro compass is more accurate?Because magnetic compass is independent of electrical power, simple and reliable, and not easily damaged.24. What do you report when the anchor has been heaved out of the ground and is clear ofit?The anchor is aweigh.25. When preparing for anchoring what must you do before releasing the bow stoppers船首制链器？I should first lock the break belt tightly and disengage the clutch 离合器.26. Would you let go an anchor from the hawse pipe if the depth was 75 meters?I would not let go the anchor because the water is too deep.27. Why must you consider ship’s speed and sea depth when you release the bow stopper?If the ship’s speed is too fast, the anchor chain may break.If the sea is too deep, the cable may be surged 滑脱, get out of control and damaged.28. What must always be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’sembarkation?The manropes, lifebuoy, heaving line，lights and a lifebuoy must be brought and placed close to the pilot ladder well before the pilot’s embarkation.29. Why is it dangerous to anchor in ice?Because the ship may be icebound and cannot move.30. What flag is hoisted when the pilot has arrived on board?When a pilot has arrived on board, the signal flag H should be hoisted.二、口述题1.Describe the responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.1) Regular operations for anchor watch(1) The watch officer should observe the anchor position, note down the vessel’s heading and depth of water, and mark the anchor position on the charts;(2) The officer on watch and the sailor on duty should keep watch on the bridge and read and signthe master’s night orders/special orders;(3) They should maintain proper lookout, pay attention to the vessel’s movements in the vicinity,check the anchor position frequently, check whether the vessel and other vessels are dragging anchor;(4) They must ensure that the signal flag, lights and shapes are correctly hoisted. When the visualrange reduces to 2 miles, they should sound the fog signal according to the Regulation. (5) The anchor position, vessel’s movement in the vicinity, VHF listening channel, tide stream andweather information as well as matters ordered by the master should be transferred to the relieving officer when change watch.2) Emergency handling in case of draggingIn case of dragging, the watch officer must inform the master and the engine room and carry out the following emergency measures:(1)veer out more chain on the anchor dropped;(2)drop the second anchor, veer out good scope, and then weigh the first anchor (起第一只锚).3) ConclusionIt is very important to monitor the anchor position and avoid dragging.2.Describe the proper way of using VHF1) How to operate VHF set properlySwitch on the power, select the channel, and turn up the volume, then you can receive message on that channel. If you want to transmit message, press the transmitting button and speak.2) General rules of using VHF(1) Keep listening watch on channel 16 at all times while the bridge is manned;(2) Use channel 16 only to establish contact and then change to another frequency at once;(3) Distress calls or messages have absolute priority（优先权）over all other communication.When hearing distress calls, all other transmissions should stop and a listening watch should be kept.3) Rules of using CH 16VHF channel 16 is only to be used for calling in cases of distress, safety and urgency.3.Describe the procedures before arrival at a port1)The preparations from the bridgeThe bridge should(1)send ETA to the pilot station at appropriate time with all relevant information;(2)study port information, sailing directions and other navigation information, includingrestrictions on draft, speed, entry time, etc.;(3)check and correct the charts used for entering the port and mark the intended track andcourses on the charts;(4)check and inspect the communication equipment;(5)check and test the indicators, displays, meters, vessel’s clock, navigational aids andwalkie-talkie;(6)hoist the vessel’s national flag and that of the port state, vessel’s ensign, signal flag andshapes as per the international practice；turn on/off he stipulated (规定的) lights in time. 2)Preparations done from the engine roomThe engine room should(1)check and inspect the main engine and the auxiliary machines, correct defects and makerecords;(2)make deck power available;(3)put adequate pressure on fire main.3)Preparations done from the deckThe deck department should(1)check and inspect the mooring equipments, anchoring equipment, emergencyequipment, and solve the problems and make records;(2)have ship’s crew at station for entering port;(3)stand by both anchors as per the master’s instruction for use in emergency;(4)get ready the pilot ladder, manropes, lifebuoy and lights and ensure they are ingood order, safe and reliable.4. Describe the procedures before leaving a portThe procedures before leaving a port are as follows:1) Preparations done from the bridgeThe bridge should(1) switch on gyro and repeaters and have them synchronized;(2) start up and tune the radars, and have them ready for operation;(3) check magnetic compass heading;(4) synchronize ship’s clocks;(5) make propeller and rudder clear of obstruction;(6) check autopilot and changeover arrangements;(7) keep VHF listening watch on appropriate channel and enhance contact with port control.2) Preparations done from the engine roomThe engine room should(1)have the main engine ready and test the telegraphs;(2)have deck power available;(3) Preparations done from the deckThe deck department should(1)have crew at station for leaving port;(2)have anchors clear and ready for use;(3)lash and secure cargo, containers, removable parts and fittings;(4)seal up cargo holds, fix the hoisting gear, and secure accommodation ladder;(5)take back mooring lines, lashings and coverings.(6)Carry out a thorough security inspection, search for stowaways and smuggling.5. Describe the procedures of pilotageThe procedures for pilotage are as follows:1)General procedures for pilot requestThe ship requesting a pilot should send the following infrmation to the pilot station as early as possible:(1)ETA or ETD(2)Ship’s name, call sign, ship’s agent;(3)Ship’s characteristics: length, beam, draft, air draft if relevant, thrusters;(4)Estimated time and date at the pilot’s boarding point;(5)Destination and berth ( if required, side alongside);(6)Other relevant requirements and information.The preparations for receiving the pilotThe ship should get ready the pilot ladder, manropes, a heaving line, lights and a lifebuoy.2)General rules for pilotage(1)The master must employ a pilot whenever the safe navigation of the vessel or the regulationmakes it necessary.(2)With the pilot on board, the master is still responsible for the safe navigation of the vessel.(3)The master must remain alert and be attentive to the pilot’s handling of the vessel and mustadvise the pilot at any time the pilot is in error or otherwise neglecting the safe navigation ofthe vessel. If the pilot fails to act on the master’s advice when the master judges the safety ofthe vessel to be jeorpadized, the master must relieve the pilot and take control of the vessel.Full details of this action must be entered in the deck log.第四章装卸作业口述题1.Describe the procedures of carrying dangerous cargo on board.When carrying dangerous cargo on board, the vessel must follow the correct procedures:(1)The chief officer should obtain information of the dangerous cargo from the shipper. The information includes the following:packing, classes and UN No. ;tons to be loaded;country of production and country of destination;notices on loading, care on board and discharging.(2)When loading and discharging the dangerous cargo, precautions should be taken for the safe operation.While loading,check the correct technical names in documents and correct marks;check the proper use of handling gear;check the careful and safe stowage;check if cargo is carefully separated and secured.While discharging,take safety measures to discharge dangerous cargo;check the proper use of handling gear;check the complete unloading.During the voyage,check the hold ventilators;check the hatch cover;check the temperature in the hold.2.Describe the precautions before entering an enclosed space.Before entering an enclosed space, take the following precautions into account:(1)Make sure to have a person in attendance with you;(2)Ensure that the space has been thoroughly ventilated;(3) Prepare the ventilation, breathing tool, connecting signals, oxygen, air and poisonous gases test equipment, and other necessary equipment according to the checklist;(4)Test the atmosphere of the space at different levels for oxygen deficiency and harmful gases or vapors.(5) Wear self-contained breathing apparatus if necessary;(6) Get the Master's signature on the checklist;(7) Even when a space has been found safe for entering, it should be monitored for as long as any person is inside.3. Describe the procedures of cargo stowage.The procedures of cargo stowage are as follows:(!) The chief officer should obtain the cargo information, especially dangerous cargo information from the shipper;(2)The cargo list should be available and complete;(3)The principles and considerations on navigation safety:The chief officer should prepare a proper stowage plan to ensure cargoes are evenly loaded on board at the port of departure and at the ports of call after parts of cargo discharged;The cargo should be properly distributed on board to ensure the ship's stability and reasonable drought and trim during the voyage;The bunkers and waters should be evenly arranged on board to ensure the evenly distribute the longitudinal stress;The double bottom tank should be filled to improve stability.(4)The cargo stowage plan should be modified if necessary.4.Describe the actions to be taken in case of an oil spill on board.In case of an oil spill on board, actions should be taken according to the SOPEP (Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan （船舶油污应急计划).(1)Send out oil spill signals;(2)Muster the oil clearance team to fight against the spillage;(3)Take measures to prevent spilt oil spreading;(4)Report the spillage to MSA (Marine Safety Agency 海运安全管理局）or the local pollution control;(5)When taking actions against oil spill, the precaution should be taken for preventing second pollution.5.Describe how to ensure a proper stowage for general cargo.(1)General factors to be taken into account:A description of the cargo;The gross weight of the cargo;The dimensions of the cargo;Any special properties of the cargo.(2)Special considerations:The vessel should be fully loaded;A reasonable drought and trim to ensure a comfortable voyage;Have satisfactory ship's stability and strength.问答题1. How many classes were dangerous cargoes divided into according to the IMDG code? Can you list some?According to the IMDG code, the dangerous cargoes are divided into 9 classes:Class 1: explosives (爆炸物)Class 2: Gases;Class 3: flammable liquids (易燃液体)；Class 4: flammable solids (易燃固体)；Class 5: oxidizing substances and organic peroxides (氧化物和有机过氧化物)；Class 6: toxic and infectious substances (有毒传染物)；Class 7: radioactive materials (放射性物质)；Class8: corrosives (腐蚀性物质)；Class 9: miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles (各色各样危险物质和物品)2. What kind of cargo is classified as flammable liquids?Flammable liquids refers to the liquids, or mixture of liquids which gives off flammable vapor（易燃性蒸汽）at or below 60 degree centigrade in the closed cup test (闭杯试验).3. Please describe the general nature of general cargo?(1)General cargo means various kinds of solid cargoes with or without package carried in a single hold;(2)General cargo may be in bags, bales, cases or steel drums;(3)The stowage of general cargo needs separation and dunnage.4. Please describe the general nature of bulk cargo.(1)Bulk cargo means cargo can be directly put into the holds or tanks of a ship without any package or without any intermediate form of containment;(2)Grain, coal and iron ore are common solid bulk cargoes;5. What kind of cargo is canvas sling (帆布吊兜) suitable for lifting?It is used for lifting bulk cargo.6. What kind of cargo is chain sling (链式吊索) suitable for lifting?It is used for lifting heavy slender articles (重而细长货), such as timber or steel rails.7. What kind of cargo is net sling (网吊兜) suitable for lifting?It is used for lifting general cargo.8. What does the abbreviation COW stand for?COW stands for crude oil washing (原油洗舱)。
轮机英语会话评估问答题翻译
D轮机英语会话评估问答题参考答案第一章1. How long have you worked on board?(你在船上工作多长时间了？）(For 5 years.)五年了2. Which certificate do you have now?（你现在持有什么证书？）(2nd Engineer certificate.)大管证书3. What is your marital status? （你的婚姻状况是什么？）How many departments are there on board?（船上有多少个部门？）(I am unmarried. There are three departments on board. Such asengine, deck and service departments.)我未婚。
船上有三个部门，即甲板部、轮机部和服务部。
4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?（你家里有几口人？你结婚了吗？）(Three. No, I’m not married.)三口，未婚5. How many countries have you ever been to?（你曾经去过多少个国家？）(Four. Such as Japan ,America,Canada......)四个，例如日本，美国，加拿大等等6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?(你什么时候开始上船工作的？你在哪些类型的船上工作过？）(In 1999. Cargo ship.)1999年，货船7. How many important canals are there all over the world?（世界上有几大重要的运河？）(Two. the Panama and Suez.)两大运河，巴拿马和苏伊士运河8. Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?（能不能告诉我对于一个船员来说最重要的事情是什么吗？）(Safety. Safety first)安全，安全第一9. What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?（你工作过的主机和发电机是什么类型的？）(Main engine: Sulzer, Man B & W engines and so on. Generator engine: Y ama, Watsila Diesel and so on.)主机：苏尔寿，Man B &W 主机等等，辅机：雅玛，瓦锡兰等等10. Which classification society is your ship registered with?你们的船在哪个船级社登记注册的？）(CCS.)中国船级社11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipment?（你工作过的船发生过重大机损吗？）(Y es, I have worked on a cargo ship that the main engine had been damaged.)No, I served my job cautiously.是的，我工作过的货船主机损坏过12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?（如何制定你们的维修保养计划？）(It is based on ship’s planed maintenance sy stem and the machinery running hours records.)（它基于船舶计划维护保养体系和机器机械的运转时间记录）13. Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?（你能列举有关海运的国际公约吗？）(STCW, SOLAS, MARPOL, ISM Code and so on.)14. Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?（你能谈谈STCW公约的用途吗？）(To provide standards of training, certification and watch keeping for seafarers.)（提供船员培训、发证和值班标准的国际公约。
航海英语听力与会话口述题答案(第三版)
第一章公共英语口述题1 please say something about your hometown.a)The geographical position, population, and features of your hometown.b) The environment and customs of your hometown.c) The specialties of your hometown.My hometown is Dalian City. it is a beautiful city. There is about 5 millions people living in the city. There many factories in the city Such as locomotive plant, shipyard, chemical, plant, etc. Dalian situated in the Liaodong peninsula, facing the Bohai sea. Its environment is very beautiful. Urban traffic system is very efficient and convenient. There are many grass fields everywhere. And there is little bare ground. The sky is blue and the sea is clear. Dalian is a famous tourist city. There are many famous tourist spots attracting many tourists every year.2 please say something about yourself.a)Your name,age,rank,working experiences,hobbies.b) Your daily work.c) Your spare time activities.My name is +++ . I am ++ years old. I am a chief officer. I have ten years experience on board ship. I have been a chief officer for three years. I am interested in playing football.I am not good at it. But I like to play it. I also enjoy watching football game. It makes me exciting.My daily work includes watching keeping from 0400 to 0800 hours and 1600 to 2000 hours. The management of deck department. Daily safety and sanitary inspection. Store and spare parts management. Stowage plan making and supervision of the loading and unloading process. In spare time I usually read books and listen to music.3 please say something about your family.a) Members of your family.b) Their occupations.c) Their hobbies and characteristics.My family is happy family. There are three people in my family. My wife, a love son and I. my wife is a teacher in a middle school. My son is a pupil in a primary. School. He is in grade tow class three. He is a clever boy.My wife like her work very much. In her spare time she reading books or listen to music. My son enjoy playing piano after finishing his home works4 your favorite port you have called at.a) A simple instruction of the port.b) Reasons why you like it.c) Anything special about it.There are many port in china. I have called at many of them. Dalian port is my favorite port I have called at. Dalian port is situated in the Liaodong peninsula. Facing to the Bohai sea. It is a modernized port there are many modernized port facilities. Including deep water berths and cargo loading equipments, it can accept various large and ultra large vessels. It is sure that Dalian port will become the most important port in the northeast of china. Dalian pot can accept large container vessels. It also becomes an important container port.5 please say something about your responsibilities on board.a) Your position on board.b) Your daily work on board.c) Your duties on board.I am a chief officer on board.My daily work is watch keeping from 0400 to 0800 hours and 1600 to 2000 hours. Daily inspection of safety and sanitary.I am responsible for the management of deck department, the management of the blastwater ,the management of cargo ,Stowage of cargo ,the management of garbage etc.第二章进出港业务口述题1 say something about how to apply for radio pratique.When applying for pratique. The vessel should supply the ship’s particular and voyage briefs. Such as the name of the vessel and expected date and hour of her arrival; number of crew on board; crewmembers’ health condition and ship’s sanitary condition at present. State that there are no quarantinable disease has been found on the vessel. And all the crew are in good health.Some certificate relating to quarantine inspection are:(1) maritime health declaration ; crew list;(2) declaration certificate;(3) clearance from the last port;(4) international certificate of vaccination2 describe the requirement on ship’s certificates and papers which need to be carried on board.Major certificate;(1) cargo ship safety construction certificate(2) cargo ship safety equipment certificate(3) cargo ship safety radiotelegraphy certificate(4) cargo ship safety radiotelephony certificate(5) the international convention on load line, 1966 These certificates should be valid and kept on board.3 describe the shipboard customs formalities.(1) ask the captain to fill out the customs declaration form(2) check the crew list and personal effects list(3) to check the customs allowances of cigarettes and spirits(4) check the cargo documents.(5) seal ship’s boned store4 describe the shipboard immigration formalities.(1) check the crew list . the crew’s passport and the seaman’s book(2) to issue shore passes(3) check the passenger’s list and passports(4) check is there any stowaway on board5 describe the shipboard quarantine formalities(1) check the bill of health and inoculation papers(2) check the vaccination list and the yellow book(3) check the sanitary condition(4) inquire is there any epidemic in the last port of call(5) check the de-ratting certificate and rat guard mounted第三章靠离和锚泊业务口述题1 Describe the responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.a) Regular operations for anchor watch.b) Emergency handling in case of dragging.c) Conclusion.(1) check anchor position frequently(2) pay atten tion to the vessel’s surrounding and othervessel’s condition in the vicinity(3) pay attention to the weather condition(4) in case of dragging, inform the master and stand by engine, and let go the other anchor. carry out emergency measures(5) in a word, a watch officer should keep sharp look out while the ship is at anchor.2 describe the proper way of using VHF.a) How to operate VHF set proper.b) General rules of using VHF.c) Rules of using VHF Channel 16.(1) when using a VHF set, switch on the power, select channel and turn up the volume. Then you want to transmit, press the transmitting button and speak.(2) according to the rules, we should keep listening watch in channel 16 at all times.(3) avoid non-essential transmissions(4) distress calls or messages have absolute priority overall other communication.(5) according to the rules,VHF channel 16 is only to be usedfor calling in cases of distress, safety and urgency.3 describe the procedure before arrived at a port.a) preparations from the bridge.b) preparations from the engine room.c) preparations from the deck.Bridge:Before arriving at a port ,the bridge shall change the auto pilot to manual steering and shall always keep VHF contact with the port radio.Engine room:For the engine room, oil shall be changed and the engine shall be put on standbyDeck:The deck department shall prepare the mooring lines.4 describe the procedure before leaving a port.a) preparations from the bridge.b) preparations fron the engine room.c) preparations from the deck.Bridge:Before leaving a port, the bridge shall turn on all the navigational equipment, check them in order, test the steering and the engine with the engine room, and record into logbook, and report to the port authority to be ready to leave berth.Engine room:For the engine room, the engine shall be put on standby, and check equipments are in order.Deck:The deck department shall check the deck equipment in order, and the crews at station.5 describe the procedure of pilotage.a) The general procedures for pilot request.b) The preparations for receiving the pilot.c) The general rules for pilotage.(1) apply for a pilot by agent, tell the pilot stationship’s particulars(2) preparations: before the pilot onboard , assign aofficer responsible for receiving the pilot , get thepilot ladder ready. Have a heaving line , lifebouy atthe pilot ladder and put lights on night.(3) after the pilot arrives on board : hoist the flag H ,themaster shall provide the pilot to the pilot and exchangethe pilot information with the pilot.The pilotage is mandatory for some ports, but some are not.第四章装卸作业口述题1 describe the procedures of carrying dangerous cargo on board.a) The acquisition of information about the dangerous cargo.b) Precautions on loading and discharging.c) Maintenance during the voyage.The information of the dangerous cargo should be provide by the shipper. The information includes the followings:(1)packing, classes and UN No.(2) tons to be loaded(3) country of production and country of destination(4) notice on loading, care on board and dischargingWhen loading and discharging ,precaution should be taken.2 describe the precautions before entering an enclosed space.a) The potential dangers in an enclosed space.b) The normal procedures.c) The important precautions.There maybe filled with dangerous gas in an enclosed space.The gas isliable to cause explosion or harmful to the persons enteringit if he de nottake safety measures. The normal procedures for entering an enclosed space is first to ventilate the space and put on protective clothing and breathing apparatus.3 describe the procedure of cargo stowage .a) The acquisition of information about the cargo to becarried.b) The principles and considerations on navigation safety.c) The modification of stowage plan.First the cargo list should be available and complete.Secondly, the cargo should be properly distributed the weight of cargo on board. The chief officer should prepare a proper loading plan to insure cargo are evenly loaded on board and a proper discharging plan to insure cargo are evenly loaded on board after parts of cargo discharged.The cargo stowage plan should be modified if necessary.4 describe the action to be taken in case of an oil spill onboard.a) The initial responses.b) The actions following up according to the SOREP onboard.c) The precautions to be taken.In case of an oil spill on board, actions should be taken according to the SOPEP. Sent out oil spill signals to muster the oil clearance team to fight against the spillage. Report the spillage to the local pollution control5 describe how to ensure a proper stowage for general cargo.a) General factors to be taken into account in cargo stowage.b) Special considerations for cargo stowage.(1) distribute the weight of cargo holds in proportion withtheir capacities(2) select goods for each hold according to their separationrequirements and the hold’s configuration(3) check the ship’s stability and strength(4) ensure the position of G below the position M for any stateof loading第五章航行口述题1.Describe the duties of watch-keeping when underway.a)General rules as to watch-keeping.b)Items to be checked and monitored at each watch.c)Special attention for bridge watch-keeping.General rules:(1) OOW should always be on the bridge and keep a proper looking at all times.(2) Regulate ship’s course , speed and supervise the safe navigation of the vessel . Fix the vessel’s position and plot CPA , course and speed of all closing vessel. Take actions to avoid collision.(3) Obey all written and spoken orders of the master and standing orders.(4) OOW must immediately call the master at any time the vessel appears to be standing into danger and in various other situations.The following items should be checked and monitored:Steaming plan; required course, speed and way points; ship’s present position; course to steered; track to be made good; potential hazards to navigation.Special attention should be paid to the low visibility procedure, safety of the vessel and pollution prevention.2.Describe the bridge shift change.a) The conditions which must be satisfied before taking overa bridge watch.b) The procedures for shift change.c) Special attention for shift change.taking over a bridge watch, the relieving office should become familiar with the navigational situation. It includes:(1)The operational condition of all navigational andsafety equipment;(2)Errors of gyro and magnetic compasses;(3)The movement of vessels in the vicinity;(4)Conditions and hazards likely to be encountered duringthe watch ;(5)The possible effects of heel, trim, water density andsquat on under-keel clearance.The relieving officer had personally satisfied himself regarding:(1)Standing orders and other special instructions relatingto the navigation of the vessel;(2)The position, course, speed and draft of the vessel;(3)Prevailing and predicted tides, currents, weather,visibility and the effect of these factors upon courseand speed.watch officer must relieve the watch on time, reporting to the bridge early enough. The relieving officer must confirm the ship’s present position and review pertinent charts and publication; discuss the navigational situation with the officer on watch.at the time the officer of the watch is to be relieved, a maneuver of other action to avoid any hazard is taking place, the relief of the officer should be deferred until such action is completed.The officer of the watch should not hand over the watch to the relieving officer if he has any reason to believe that the latter is under any disability which would preclude him from carrying out his duties effectively.3.Describe the differences between navigating in a narrow channel and in a traffic separation scheme.a)The rules in navigating in a narrow channel.b)The rules in navigating in a traffic separation scheme.c)The major differences in terms of technical navigation.The rules navigating in a narrow channel:(1) Keeping as near to the outer limit of the channel whichlies on her starboard side as safe and practicable.(2) Overtaking can take place only if the vessel to beovertaken has to take action to permit safe passing.(3) Vessel nearing a bend or an area of a narrow channelshall navigate with particular alertness and cautionand sound appropriate signal.(4) Any vessel should, if the circumstances of the caseadmit, avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.The rules navigating in a traffic separation scheme:(1) Vessel using a TSS shall proceed in the appropriatetraffic lane in the general direction of traffic flowfor that lane.(2) So far as practicable keep clear of a trafficseparation line or separation zone.(3) Normally join or leave a traffic lane at thetermination of the lane, but when joining or leavingfrom either side shall do so at as small an angle tothe general direction of traffic flow as practicable.(4) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid crossingtraffic lane but if obliged to do so shall cross on aheading as nearly as practicable at right angles togeneral direction of traffic flow.(5) A vessel shall so far as practicable avoid anchoringin a TSS or in areas near its terminations.The rules of TSS is adopted by IMO and recommended to all vessels and does not relieve any vessel of her obligation under any other rules.4.Describe advantages of various tools or technologies for proper lookout.a)The features of radar observation.b)The advantages of visual lookout.c)The correct uses of various tools for technologies. Radar is an aid to navigation. It presents only an instantaneous status with limit ability to record historicallypast status. It cannot predict anything, especially the maneuvering intent of targets being displayed. There are some limitations of radar since its accuracy is depended on many factors.Visual lookout has the advantages of real and accuracy. Under good visibility conditions, visual lookout can get the maneuvering intent of other vessel.Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper lookout by sight, hearing, radar as well as by all available means.5.Describe the preparations to be done by the deck department prior to arrival.a)General introductions of the responsibilities of DeckDepartment in pre-arrival situation.b)Preparations to be done prior to arrival.Prior to arrival, the responsibilities of the deck department is to getready all preparations for entering the port, preparation for port entry, customs, quarantine, immigration inspection formality, preparations for loading or unloading.Preparation to be done:(1) ETA sent to pilot station and agent, complete the pilot card.(2) get the port information.(3) prepare large-scale charts.(4) get flag and light signals ready.(5) test the navigation equipment and deck equipment,test the steering gear, manual gearing , standby engine ,prepare the mooring line, etc .第六章修船与船体保养口述题1 describe the formalities before carrying out a ship’s repair.a) The necessity of carrying out a ship’s repair.b) The formalities before a ship’s repair begins.c) Special attention paid to the repair.After definite time of sailing, the ship hull, equipments may be rusted, worn out, and defects appeared. These may affect the ship’s function, efficiency and safety. So it is required to carry out ship’s repair. During the repair time, special attention should be given to fire protection and safety.2 describe the procedures of carrying out hull maintenance.a) The preparations before carrying out hull maintenance.b) The contents of hull maintenance.Preparation:(1) determine the items to be repair and write up repair list(2) get the repair materials ready for cleaning, de-rustingand paintingContents:(1) the bottom are to be cleaned with high pressure fresh water(2) the rust area to be sand-blasted and patched with tow coatsof bottom ,Primer on the bare metal surface(3) then paint the whole area tow times(4) part of the stern to be applied with anti-galvanic paint3 describe the procedures of carrying out an overhaul fornavigation aid.a) The necessity of carrying out overhaul of navigation aids.b) The contents of the overhaul.c) The cautions to be taken.(1) the clearance of rudder bearings to be measured and recordto be hand over to chief officer(2) the anchor and chains to be sand-blasted and applied twocoats of bituminous solution(3) the radar should be overhauled by technician(4) prepare the manual or instructional book of navigationaids for reference4 describe the procedures of carrying out the maintenance ofriggings.a) The preparations before carrying out he maintenance ofriggings.b) The contents of the maintenance of riggings.c) The cautions to be taken while carrying out the maintenance.(1) determine the items to be maintained(2) get the maintenance materials ready, such as tools, grease, etc(3) the turning accessories of the riggings to be dismantled, examined, cleaned, greased, repaired if necessary.Pay attention to the safety and maintenance quality.第七章事故处理口述题1.Describe the procedure in handling fire on board.a)The alarms.b)The measures taken after the fire has been extinguished.c)Your position and functions during fire-fighting.If you detect a fire act immediately as follows:(1) Call out “fire”.(2) Operate the nearest fire alarm, give seven short blasts and one prolonged blast with ship´s whistle and alarm system.(3) Inform a member of the crew.(4) Telephone the navigational bridge.After the fire has been extinguished, rope off the fire area and post a fire watch and check the fire area at intervals to prevent the fire re-ignition.2.Describe the emergency procedures in handling ship-borne oilpollutiona)The alarms.b)Typical and detailed procedures.c)Your position and functions during fire-fighting. When oil spilling occurs, the found shall report to master or other officers immediately, then send out oil spill alarms ,one short, two prolonged and one short blast, to muster the crew to fight against the spillage, and next:(1) Determine the source of spillage and how much is spilled.(2) Determine the method to treat spill.(3) Treat spill.(4) Stand by oil clearance team.(5) All crew assist to remove the spill.(6) Inform the pollution control.I go to my position listed on the muster list to fight the oil pollution as per the duty listed in the muster list.briefly one of the case that you experienced or heard as to collision, fire, flooding or grounding.a) The brief introduction to the story.b) Your comments on the successes of the measures.c) Your comments on the improperness of the measures.At 1630 on November 24,1999, a ro-ro passenger ship Dashun was on fire on the spot 10 n miles to the northeast of Kong tong Island during her sailing from Yantai to Dalian.Although did their best to put out the fire, Dashun capsized still near the bank at 2350 hours.The master turned the around during the sailing, attempting to seek shelter in Yantai which made it proceed with wind and wave abeam.17 vessels were sent to rescue after the distress happened. However, all the actions were of little efficiency due to the heavy weather.In my opinion, wrong decisions and misconducts made by the master should be the uppermost cause to the distress. This maritime casualty was very serious and caused by human being. the procedure in re-floating ship aground.a) The different situations of being aground.b) The measures taken to refloat the ship aground.c) Special attention that should be paid to refloating the ship.In order to re-float a vessel aground:(1) First determine what part of the vessel is aground.(2) Take over-side soundings.(3) Prepare for de-ballasting or shifting of ballast to re-float the vessel.(4) Re-arrange the cargo on board to re-float the vessel.(5) Try to jettison some cargo to re-float the vessel.(6) Obtain tidal and weather information to take the ride of tides.(7) Prepare for salvage operations, require the tug assistance.the procedures in handling cargo damage.a) Descriptions on different cargo damages.b) The general procedures for handling cargo damages.c) Special attention to be paid to the handling of damages. This kind of cargo damage results from careless or improper handling during loading and discharging process. For example, careless winch operation, the use of cargo hooks, crushing against ship´s sides, dragging cargo or dropping package.The general procedures for handling cargo damage is to leave all the damaged cargo on one side, investigate the cause of damage. If the damage is caused by the stevedores, it should confirmed by the foreman or the stevedore company.第八章消防与船员自救口述题1.Describe fire precautions on board.a)Fire protection equipment to be checked.b)Procedures of a fire drill.c)Summary.①Every month ,fire protection equipment should be checked ,such as fire hoses, fire exextinguishers, fire man outfits, fire detectors, breathing apparatus etc.②Fire drill should be carried out every month in cargo ship .③When listen the fire signals, all members should proceed tothe appointed station, according to their task, and put outthe fire.④In daily life, crews should never smoke in bed. be carefulto extinguish cigarettes completely. Put used cigarette ina container provided. Never smoke on deck except in areaslabeled as smoking areas. The use of naked light and open fire is strictly prohibited.Always remember that fire is the greatest hazard aboard ship.2.Describe damage control on board.a)Equipment to be checked.b)Damage control activities.c)Summary.Clarify the situation of damage.Muster damage control team and sent it to the scene.①Damage control equipments should be checked and ready foruse.②Damage control materials should be get ready for use.Post damage control watch.③Damage control team should carry out damage control drillactivities.④Always remember damage control very important on board.3.Describe the measures taken on board if aground.a)Particulars to be clarified.b)Actions to be taken in different situations.c)Summary.①First establish what part of the vessel is aground.②Take over-side soundings. Take actions to re-float thevessel according to different situations:De-ballasting or shifting of ballast.Re-arrange the cargo on board.Try to jettison some cargo.Waiting for tide to rise or weather to improve or draft decreases.The damage control team fights against the flooding.4.Describe the measures taken on board if on fire.a)Particulars to be clarified.b)Actions to be taken in different situations.c)Summary.Send out fire alarm.Send out MAYDAY message and ask for assistances.Start fire fighting.Send fire-fighting team to scene.Close all openings and switch off all ventilators.Extinguish the fire with the fire-fighting systems and equipments, for example:(1) Fixed gas fire extinguishing system;(2) Fixed foam fire extinguishing system;(3) Portable fire extinguishers;(4) Sprinkler system.Maneuver the vessel and turn the fire area of the vessel the leeward.Post fire watch and rope off the fire area.Check the fire area for re-ignition.第九章救助口述题the procedures of search and rescue operations.a) The ways to transmit distress alerts.b) The procedures for emergency responding.c) The patterns of search and the ways to implement a SAR mission.①The distress alert is transmitted with VHF.②After receiving the distress alert, the vessel should acknowledge the message and proceed to the distress position and give assistance.③The On-Scene Coordinator will decide the search pattern initial course and speed.④The search pattern may be:Square searchingSector searchingParallel searchingAircraft searchingresponses when a person falls overboard.a) The responses of the officer on watch.b) The ship manoeuvres available to man overboard responding.c) Attention to be paid in such operation.①Call out “Man overboard”, throw a lifebuoy overboard, record the MOB positon and inform the master.②The officer on watch should order full rudder towards the side of the man falls and stop engine immediately .③ hoist flag O.④ pay attention to keep your eyes on the man in the water.⑤ prepare for lowering the rescue boat .3.Describe briefly the GMDSS.a)Main objectives of GMDSS.b)The components of GMDSS.c)Main functions of GMDSS.①GMDSS is a ship-to-shore, shore-to-ship, ship-to-ship system, it’s an integrated communications system using satellite and terrestrial radio-communications to ensure that no matter where a ship is in distress, aid can be dispatched and that more lives can be saved at sea.②GMDSS requirements depends on the sea area of the ship navigating, GMDSS is required to be equipped with EPIRB ,SART, and NAVTEX receivers and so on.③the main fuctions of GMDSS are alerting and transmitting and receiving communications, such as SAR.4.Describe briefly the DSC distress alert.a)The function of DSC.b)The format of a distress alert.c)Summary.①DSC is apart of GMDSS, it’s used for transmitting distress alert form own ship, and relay distress from the other ship or coast station .②The DSC alert format are as follows:distress :ship’s MMSI:nature of distress:distress co-ordinates:time:type of subsequent communication:第十章遇险口述题1.Send a Mayday message according to the given information: Ship name: Blue WhaleCall sign: WXCPPosition: 47°04′N, 50°08′WNature of distress suffered: being on fire after explosion in the engine roomAssistance required: fire-fighting assistanceMAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY. This is Blue Whale. Whiskey X-ran Charlie Papa. I had an explosion. I am on fire in the engine room. My position is 47°04′N, 50°08′W. I require fire-fighting assistance.2.Send a Mayday message according to the given information: Ship name: South PacificCall sign: NOPEPosition: 22°04′N, 127°08′ENature of distress suffered: Grounded on the bowAssistance required: tug assistanceMAYDAY,MAYDAY,MAYDAY. This is South Pacific. November, Oscar, Papa, Echo. I am aground on the bow. My position is 22°04′N, 127°08′E. I require tug assistance.3.Send a PAN-PAN message according to the given information: Ship name: White SnowCall sign: ALMIPosition: 22°04′N, 127°08′ENature of distress suffered: Breakdown of main engine。
航海英语评估口述题（个人整理）
航海英语评估口述题（个人整理）第一章普通英语1.Please say something about yourself.(1)Your name,age,rank,working experience,hobbies.(2)Your daily work.(3)Your spare time activities.→(1)My name is Gu Liang.I’m 21 years old.(2)I ever worked as a cadet on Training Vessel YU MING.At then, I got up at 7 o’clock.After eating breakfast,I went following the third officer to be on watch duty to ensure the safety of ship and cargo from 8 to 12.In the afternoon,I could enjoy a break time until 19:45.Then I would be on duty again.(3)My hobby is to play badminton.During my spare time,I often went to the court for it.2.Please say something about your family.(1)Members of your family.(2)Their occupations.(3)Their hobbies and characteristics.→(1)There’re 4 members in my family,my grandfather,parents and me.(2)My grandfather was a farmer and now retires.My parents are both workers in housing decoration(装潢) industry.I am a student.(3)My grandfather is diligent(勤劳的) and his hobby is to watch news television programs.My father is straight forward and his hobby is to go fishing.My mother is patient and her hobby is to cook.I am outgoing and my hobby is to play badminton.3.The favorite port you have called at.(1)A simple introduction of the port.(2)Reasons why you like it.(3)Anything special about it.→(1)My favorite port is Shanghai port.It’s located in eastern China.It’s one of the most important ports in China and always busy.(2)The reason why I like it most is that the traffic near Shanghai port is developed and it’s very convenient to go from the port to Shanghai downtown.(3)What’s more,Oriental Perl(东方明珠塔),Bund(上海外滩) and other places are tourist attractions.4.Please say something about your responsibilities on board.(1)Your position on board.(2)Your daily work on board.(3)Your duties on board.→(1)I am a cadet on board.(2)Everyday,I get up at 7 o’clock.After eating breakfast,I go following the thirdofficer to be on watch duty to ensure the safety of ship and cargo from 8 to 12.In the afternoon,I can enjoy a break time until 19:45.Then I will be on duty again.(3)My duties on board are watchkeeping,deck cleaning,derusting(除锈) and so on.5.Please say something about your hometown.(1)The geographical position,population,and feathers of your hometown.(2)The environment and customs of your hometown.(3)The specialties of your hometown.→(1)My hometown is Jiangsu province.It’s located in eastern China.The population is about 80 million.It’s a modern city and always busy.(2)The environment of JInagsu province is very good.There’re beautiful mountains and clear waters.It’s very good a place to enjoy life.(3)The specialties are various cuisines(菜肴).It’s an important part of China 4 major cuisines.6.Please say something about yourself.(1)Your personal particulars.(2)Your qualifications.(3)Your professional experience.→(1)I am very outgoing and my hobby is to play badminton.(2)I own crew four certificates and GMDSS operation certificate.(3)I ever worked as a cadet on Training Vessels YU FENG and YU MING.During that periods, my duties on board were watchkeeping,deck cleaning,derusting(除锈) and so on.7.Please say something about your most interesting experience on board.(1)When and where did it happen?(2)What happened?(3)Why do you think it most interesting?→(1)It happened when I was on YU MING last summer.(2)When I was watching my classmates fishing,a shark occurred.(3)I think it’s most interesting because that was my first time to see a shark in the real life.8.How do you like your career as a seafarer?(1)What you like about your career?(2)What you dislike about your career?(3)Main responsibilities as a captain.→(1)I like my career because I can get a sense of glory(荣誉).(2)The point I dislike about my career is that I cannot go home and company with my parents frequently.(3)As a captain,the main responsibilities are to ensure the safety of all crewscargo and ship.When any accident happens,the captain should keep calm and make valid decisions.9.List some effective ways to manage a multinational crew.(1)Difficulties in managing a multinational crew.(2)Some effective ways.(3)Your experience(if only).→(1)The differences of religions,traditions and languages may make it difficult to manage a multinational crew.(2)We can show respect to their religions and traditions and use English as working language.(3)For example,if there’s a Muslim(穆斯林),we can eat other meat instead of pork.10.Describe the favorite port you have called at.(1)Your experience of calling at the port.(2)Reasons you like it best.→(1)My favorite port is Shanghai/doc/8918808876.html,st time,when I called at Shanghai port,I visited Bund(上海外滩) and enjoyed a lot.(2)The reason why I like it most is that the traffic near Shanghai port is developed and it’s very convenient to go from the port to Shanghai downtown. What’s more,Oriental Perl(东方明珠塔),Bundand other places are tourist attractions.第二章常用命令无第三章进出港业务1.Describe the responsibilities as a watch officer while the ship is at anchor.→When I am as a watch officer,(1)I should keep anchor watch,(2)keep watch on VHF channel 16,(3)check and plot ship’s position frequently.(4)I should take all measures to stop dragging anchor.(5)If any accident happens,report to the master and record in the logbook.2.Describe the proper way of using VHF.→While using VHF,(1)I should obey the regulations(2)and keep 24-hour watch on channel 16.(3)If any emergency happens,use VHF to communicate with each other.(4)If the ship is sailing in some port,I have to look for the List of Radio signal toknow the correct frequency.(5)It’s very important to use SMCP to communicate.(6)Do not chart on VHF at any time especially when avoiding collision.3.Describe the procedures before arrival at a port.→Before arriving at a port,(1)we should report to VTS.(2)hand the national flag, ‘Q’ flag and ‘H’ flag.(3)The master must be on the bridge to monitor the operations.(4)The engine room should be informed to standby.(5)The chief officer should be the OSC and monitor the mooring and anchor operation.(6)If in bad weather, we may need tug’s assistance.4.Describe the procedures before leaving a port.→Be fore leaving a port,(1)we should report to VTS,(2)ensure the ship seaworthy, all the equipment in good condition,(3)ensure all the cargo security and all the cargo hatches closed.(4)The master must be on the bridge to monitor the operations.(5)The engine room should be informed to standby.(6)The chief officer should be the OSC and monitor the unberthing operation.5.Describe the procedures of pilotage.→(1)First,ask for pilot from pilot station via VHF.(2)Then,communicate with the pilot station to know the pilot’s boarding time and place ,which side to put the pilot ladder and so on.(3)The third officer leads the pilot to the bridge.(4)The master should be on the bridge to monitor the(5)After finishing with pilotage, the third officer will lead the pilot away.第四章靠离泊作业1. Describe the procedures of carrying dangerous cargo on board.→While carrying dangerous cargo,(1)we have to separate them from the others and load them above the deck away from the engine room.(2)The dangerous cargo should be loaded last and unloaded first.(3)The quantity, nature, destination and the other particulars should be well known.(4)The officers from MSA should be on board.(5)During the voyage,we should pay close attention to them.2. Describe the precautions(预防) before an enclosed space.→(1)Before entering into the enclosed space,you have to measure the content of oxygen.(2)If the oxygen is insufficient or the air is toxic, you have to ventilatecompletely.(3)You should wear breathing apparatus to enter.(4)Arrange another crew member wait outside, if any accident happens, he can give you immediate assistance.3. Describe the procedures of cargo stowage.→(1)The chef officer will be responsible to make the stowage plan, and the details of cargo should be included.(2)The chief officer will be responsible on spot during cargo(3)The stevedore will stow the cargo according stowage plan.(4)During cargo stowage, the chief officer should arrange gangway duty watch.(5)If any emergency happens, we can report to the master.4. Describe the actions to be taken in case of an oil spill on board.→(1)First of all, ring the alarm,1 short and 2 prolonged blasts.(2)Then, all the crew members take responsibilities according the SOPEP.(3)The master reports to the port government.(4)The chief officer is the OSC.(5)The second officer keeps watch on the bridge and record.(6)The third officer is charge of oil collection.第五章装卸作业1.Describe the duties of watch-keeping when underway.→As OOW,(1)I should keep watch on the bridge,(2)keep watch on VHF to avoid collision,(3)have full knowledge of safety and navigational equipment and make full use of them(4)And record important messages to logbook.(5)In poor visibility or heavy traffic,I can inform the master and assistant to operate.2.Describe the bridge shift change.→When changing shift on the bridge,(1)I should get familiar to ship’s particulars and equipment(2)and go to the bridge 15 minutes in advance.(3)If it’s at night,I should read the Night Stand ing Order(4)I should wait until the OOW finishes with his operation.(5)If any emergency happens,report to the master.3.Describe the differences between navigating in a narrow channel and in a traffic separation scheme.→When sailing in a narr ow channel,(1)we should sail near to the limit of the channel on starboard side.(2)We should not cross the channel because it will obstruct the other ships.→When sailing in a traffic separation scheme,(3)Our course should follow the arrow.(4)If crossing the lane,keep your heading at right angle to the traffic lane.4.Describe advantages of various or technologies for proper lookout.→(1)For proper lookout,we usually use radar and visual eyes.→(2)when in poor visibility,radar can see the ships nearby.(3)Radar can observe all the objects at 360 degrees.(4)On radar,we can track the approaching ships to avoid collision.→(5)But radar has blind areas,some small objects cannot be seen,we should use visual eyes.(6)Maybe radar will have some errors, the eyes will be more reliable.(7)Often in the short distance,we need use visual eyes.→(8)Both radar and eyes have their advantages ,both of them can ensure the safety of ship.第六章航行无第七章海上呼叫1.Describe the procedure in handling fire on board.(a)The alarms(b)The measures taken after the fire has been extinguished.(c)Your position and function during firefighting.→(1)Sound the alarm for one minute.→(2)Report to the master immediately.(3)Use the fire-fighting equipment to put out the fire.(4)Take fire patrol to prevent the re-ignition(复燃).→(5)I work as the third officer.(6)I am the leader of the fire-fighting team.2.Describe briefly one of the cases that you experiences or heard as to collision, fire, flooding, or grounding.(a)The brief introduction to the story.(b)Your comments on the success of the measures.(c)Your comments on the improperness of the measures.→(1)It was last summer,when I was on MV HOPE approaching to Shanghai port, the rubbish bin in cabin was on fire.(2)All the crew members operated properly according to muster list.(3)There was no damage of persons, ship and cargoes.→(4)The success of the accident was due to the immediate alarm.→(5)In my opinion, although the fire was controlled, we should take fire patrol to prevent re-ignition.3.Describe how to re-float your ship when it is grounded.(a)The different situations of being aground.(b)The measures taken to re-float the ship aground.(c)Special attention that should be paid to re-floating the ship.→(1)First, check the draft around the ship to know which part has been grounded.(2)Jettison cargoes to re-float by self.(3)Ask for tug assistance.→(4)We should use engine and wheel carefully to prevent flooding.(5)We should also prevent oil pollution.第八章事故处理1.Describe fire precaution on board.→(1)No smoking in bed.(2)Only smoke in smoking areas.(3)After smoking, you have to put out the cigarette ends properly.(4)No making operation with open fire easily.2.Describe damage control on board.→(1)When any part of a ship is damaged, different types ofactions need to be carried out by different people.(2)First of all, sound all the level of oil and water to check which part is damaged.(3)Then take measures to stop it.(4)Every crew member should work together according to the muster list.(5)We should also take measures to prevent other accidents, such as ship’s sinking and oil pollution.第九章海上救生与求生1.Describe the procedures of search and rescue operations.→(1)First of all, report the RCC.(2)Then inform the other ships via VHF.(3)Keep contact with the distress ship via VHF.(4)Conduct search and rescue operation properly.2.Describe the response when a person falls overboard.→(1)If you see a man falls overboard, throw a lifebuoy to him.(2)Sound alarm and report to the master.(3)Press the MOB button.(4)Stop engine and make a single circle to the side man overboard.(5)Inform the other ships via VHF.(6)Launch the lifeboat to water and rescue.3.Describe briefly the GMDSS.→(1)GMDSS means Global Maritime Distress Safety System.(2)The main function is the communication from ship to shore, shore to ship and ship to ship.(3)It contains VHF, MF/HF, radiotelex, INMARSAT and so on.(4)While using GMDSS, we should use SMCP.(5)It’s obviously believed that GMDSS will develop in the future.4.Describe briefly the DSC distress alert.→(1)DSC means Digital Selective Calling.(2)It is an important part of GMDSS.(3)It’s usually used to transmit distress alarms.(4)It has to be coordinated with other GMDSS equipment, such as VHF, MF/HF, INMERSAT and so on.(5)It’s characters are from a ten-bit error-detecting code.第十章修船与船舶保养1.Send a MAYDAY message according to the given information.→MAYDAY MAYDAY MDAYDAY.This is Blue Whale Blue Whale Blue Whale.Mayday Blue Whale Bravo Papa Hotel Alfa.Blue Whale Bravo Papa Hotel Alfa.My position is 120 degrees 1.3 nautical miles to Buoy No.1.I am on fire in the engine room.I require fire-fighting assistance.Mayday Blue Whale.Over.2.Send a PANPAN message according to the given information.→PANPAN PANPAN PANPAN.All ships all ships all ships.This is Blue Whale Blue Whale Blue Whale.Panpan Blue Whale Bravo Papa Hotel Alfa.Blue Whale Bravo Papa Hotel Alfa.My position is 120 degrees 1.3 nautical miles to Buoy No.1.My main engine is broken down.I need tug assistance.Panpan Blue Whale.Over.3.Give instructions on how to embark and behave in lifeboats or liferafes.→(1)Take your lifejacket on.(2)Go to the muster station and take your duties according to the muster list.(3)After checking the number of all crew members, go aboard the lifeboat in order.(4)Sit down on your seat and tie the safety belt immediately.(5)Hold on to the rope when lowering.4.Give instructions on how to respond to emergency signals for boat drills.→(6)When you hear the alarm with 7 short and 1 prolonged blasts,(7)take your lifejacket on.(8)Go to the muster station and take your duties according to the muster list.(9)After checking the number of all crew members, go aboard the lifeboat in order.(1)Sit down on your seat and tie the safety belt immediately.(2)Hold on to the rope when lowering.(3)When everything is OK, launch the lifeboat.第十一章港口国检查1.Please say something about Port State Control.→(1)PSC is to inspect the foreign vessels in national waters.(2)It’s to check the documents, certificates and the equipment.(3)It’s also to check whether the crew members are familiar with their operation.(4)If serious defects are found, the ship will be detained(留置) to take correct actions .(5)If you have been detained for several times, you may be on the blacklist. 2.Please describe the preparatory work or the daily maintenance work to do before a PSC inspection.→(1)I am a third officer on the ship.(2)I am in charge of firs-fighting and life-saving equipment,(3)I have to check and maintain all the fire-fighting and life-saving equipment and record.(4)Before PSC inspection, I should check them again to ensure they are available for use.3.Please tell a story of your success in passing through PSC inspection.→(1)Last month, we called at Shanghai port.(2)The PSC officers came aboard to conduct an inspection.(3)Our master welcomed them warmly and then the inspection started.(4)The PSC officers checked the documents, certificates and the equipment.(6)Also, they checked whether the crew members are familiarwith their operation.(5)Finally, the officers were very satisfied with the vessel’s condition.4.Make a comparison between different PSC in different status.→(1)PSC inspections ae different between USA and Austria.(2)In USA, PSC inspection is carried out by PSC officers from USCG.(3)In Austria, PSC inspection is carried out by marine surveyors from AMSA.(7)It’s to check the documents, certificates and the equipment.(4)It’s also to check whether the crew members are familiar with their operation.(5)In a word, PSC inspection is to ensure the safety of vessel.5.Describe ISM inspection based on the PSC inspection regime.→(1)ISM means International Safety Management.(2)ISM inspection based on PSC is to check the ISM certificate and SMS.(3)It’s also to check the manuals, procedures and documents of SMS.(4)All the crew members should be familiar with SMS.6.Describe the requirement of the Muster List.→(1)The muster list should be placed in the bridge, engine room and mess room.(2)It should be made by the third officer, signed by the chiefofficer, charged by the master.(3)If any new crew members come aboard, his information should be added.(4)When any emergency happens, you can get to know the alarm signals to be sounded.(5)All the crew members can know the muster station and their duties according to the muster list.第十二章船舶保安1.Please describe the main responsibilities of a Ship Security Officer on bo ard. →(1)The Ship Security Officer should make up the security plan.(2)SSO should coordinate with the CSO.(3)SSO should carry out the security training and drills.(4)And make sure all the crew members familiar with the SMS.2.Please describe something about Automatic Identification System.→(1)We can get particulars, position, speed and some other safety-related information via AIS.(2)AIS should be equipped according to SOLAS.(3)AIS can be connected to other navigational equipment such as radar and ECDIS.(4)AIS can help ensure the safety of ship and avoid collision.3.Please describe Ship Security Alert System(SSAS) on board.→(1)Usually we use it to deal with pirates.(2)After sounding SSAS, we will send a safety message to the shipping company.(3)Ships above 500 tons and all the passenger ships should be equipped with SSAS.(4)SSAS should be tested frequently.(5)SSAS can help ensure the safety of ship.4.Please describe something about ship security training and drills.→(1)SSO is responsible for ship security training and drills.(2)SSO should make sure all the crew members familiar with the SMS.(3)The security training and drills should be carried out every3 months.(4)If more than one fourth crew members have been changed, drills should be carried out within one week.(5)In the drill, we should take our duties according to SSP.。
新版轮机英语口语与会话答案
新版轮机英语口语与会话答案第一章公共用语一．口述题1. Self-introduction.Good morning, Sir. let me introduce myself first. My name is Li Bin. I was born in 1963 in a Sububan town in Shanghai. I have married and now I have a lovely daughter. I graduated from Shanghai Maritime University in 1988 with a bachelor's degree in marine engineering. Then I have been working on board as an engineer for about 15 years. I am interested in your company. Hope you can give me a chance. Thank you very much.2. Your daily work on boardI am the fourth engineer on board. I like the life on board. My duty timeis 8-12a.m and 8-12p.m.My main work is to keep all the pipes and pumps in good condition.Sometimes I have to do some repair work such as repairing the air compressor or other pump's cylinder. The most common problem that Iexperienced is the cylinder of the pumps.During my spare time, I like listening to the music, reading books and doing some exercises. That is my life on board.3. Watch-keeping in engine roomThe engineer in charge of the watch should be able to service all the machinery. He has to maintain the machinery in good condition.I am fourth engineer on board. I am in charge of deck machinery, all pumps, lifeboat diesel engine and so on. I must keep all the machines and equipmentsin good order. My work time is from 08:00 to 12:00 and from 20:00 to24:00.Sometimes I have to do some repair work. When something goes wrong, I have to check and remedy it.4. Please say something about you jobHi! How are you? I really like my job on this vessel. The work isdifficult but I enjoy it. Every morning the Chief Engineer gives me a list of jobs to do. I have some free time after work. So, I often play chess with myfriend, Andy. He is so good at chess that I never win! I sometimes read a book before going to sleep. I share my cabin with another cadet. He is Korean. He likes listening to music. We sometimes listen to music together.5. Our engine departmentThere are 7 people in our engine department. Libin, our chief engineer,was born in 1963 in a suburban town in Shanghai. He graduated from Shanghai Maritime University in 1988 with a bachelor's degree in marine engineering. Zhangming, our second engineer, was born in 1978 in Dalian.1He graduated from Dalian Maritime University in 1955 with a bachelor's degree in marine engineering. Wanghao, our third engineer, was born in 1981 in Zhejiang. He graduated from Jimei University with a bachelor's degree inmarine engineering. I am the fourth engineer and I was born in 1982 in Shanghai.I graduated from Shanghai Maritime University in 2021.There are 3 motormen in our department, Cailin, Gaoming and Liming. We all work hard to keep our engine room clean and tidy. We are standing together regardless of situations.二．问答1. Could you introduce yourself?My name is XXX. I am XX years old. I graduated from XXX. I come from XXX. 2. What's you name? And where did you graduate? My name is XXX. I graduated from XXX.3. Which company did you serve? And what kind of ship have you worked on?I am sorry. I just a student，I have no work experience, but in the future I would like to work on Oil tanker. 4. How long have you ever worked on board? Which certificate do you have now? I am sorry .I just a student, I have nowork experience. 5. How many harbors have you ever been to? Please list some.I went to Hainan, the South Hebei.6. Which company do you serve? When did you begin to work on board? Sorry,I still have students who have no work experience. 7. Where did you graduate? And what education degree do you have now?I graduated from the Wuhan University of Technology, has no work experience. 8. How many departments are there on board? What are they?Three departments: desk department, engine department and service department. 9. Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping? For example: SOLAS, STCW, MAPPOL, IMDG CODE and so on.10. Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?STCW stands for the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification, and Watch-keeping for Seafarers. As name suggested, it concerns training, watch-keeping, certificate standards. 11. What is the purpose of Classification Society? Could you list some of them?The Classification Society devoted to evaluate the condition of the ship, the management system of marine company and the ships. It is non-governmental. The famous Classification Societies2are such as: DNV, Lloyd’s, BV, CCS and so on.12. Could you list different kinds of ship's surveys?Yes, sir. For example: Annual surveys, docking surveys, special surveys, surveys for renew certificates, and so on. 13. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?UMS stands for Unmanned Machinery Space. NO, I am sorry, I have not. 14. What kind of main engine and auxiliary engine have you served? Oh, I am sorry.I just a student，I have no work experience.15. Have you ever studied SMS? What is SMS?Yes, I have studied SMS.SMS stands for a Safety Management System. It is annexed to the 16. Could you tell the power of generator which you have ever worked? OK. M/V Qingyun 270kw x 3; M/V Yufeng 380 kw x 3. 17. Who will keepall those technique files, documents and records? The chief engineer will do that. 18. Who will keep all the certificates for machinery and devices? The chief engineer will do that. 19. Which classification society is your ship registered with? She is registered with (CCS) China Classification Society.20. Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was yourlast inspection? NO. I haven't experienced PSC inspection.第二章机舱日常业务一．口述题1. Talk about the equipment in engine room.There are all kinds of equipment in a typical engine room, such as themain engine, the auxiliary engine, the boiler, the oil separator, the fresh water generator, the incinerator, the oily water separator, all kinds of pumps and so on.The main engine is the most important one of all the equipment. It is usually a two-stroke low speed diesel engine. The auxiliary engines are usedto drive the alternators. They are usually four-stroke trunk piston engines. The steam on board is produced by the boiler. There are two distinct types about marine boilers in use, the fire-tube boiler and the water-tube boiler. The fresh water generator produces fresh water by evaporation of sea water. It can also be called an 'evaporator' or3'distiller'. A vacuum boiling evaporator consists of an evaporatingsection and a condensing section. The incinerator and the oily water separator are pollution prevention equipment in the engine room.2. The main engine in our engine room.The main engine is the most important one of the equipment in our department. It is a two-stroke low speed marine diesel engine. The main engine is used to drive the propeller. Because of low speed, it requires no reduction gearbox between it and propeller.In general, the main engine consists of two parts: the moving parts andthe fixed parts. The moving parts are also called the driving gear. These include the crankshafts, the connecting rods, the crossheads and the pistons. Among the fixed parts there are the bed plates, the frames, the main bearing and the cylinders. In addition to these main parts, the necessary system that should be used to run the main engine is fuel oil system, starting air system and cooling water system.We take good care of the main engine to ensure its good working condition. Everyday during the watch we note and verify the parameters of the main engine.And verify the parameters of the main engine. And at appropriate intervals we inspect it carefully.3. Look at the illustration and say something about the marine diesel engine.This marine diesel engine is two-stroke diesel engine. The scavenging method is uniflow scavenging. It is pressure charged.A marine diesel engine can be divided into two parts, the moving parts and the fixed parts. The main moving parts of the marine diesel engine are the piston, the connecting rod, the crankshaft and the piston rod. The main fixed parts of the marine diesel engine are the bedplate, the frame, the main bearing and the cylinder.In additional to these main parts, the necessary systems that should be used to run the diesel engine are fuel oil system, lubricating oil system, starting air system and cooling water system. These systems are very important to the marine diesel engine. Its successful operation and trouble free life depend on these systems.The diesel engine is a type of internal combustion engine. The marine diesel engine is a type of diesel engine used on ships.The operation between two injections is called a cycle. This cycle may be achieved either in four strokes or two. In a four-stroke diesel engine, the cycle requires four separate strokes of the piston. They are suction, compression, expansion and exhaust. If we combine the suction and exhaust operations with the compression and expansion strokes, the four-strokes, the four-stroke engine will be turned into a two-stroke one.When the air is compressed, its temperature rises so that it ignites the fine spray of fuel injected into the cylinder. The burning of the fuel adds more heat to the air charge, causing it to expand and force the engine piston to do work on the crankshaft. Then the crankshaft in turn drives the ship's propeller.4. Look at the illustration and say something about the working cycle of the marine diesel engine.This is the exhaust turbo-charging illustration of a two-stroke of marine diesel engine.. As the air4density determines the maximum weight of fuel that can be burned. It also determines the maximum power that can be developed by the engine. If the charge-air density is increased by a compressor, a greater amount of fuel can be burned and result in an increase of power output.From the illustration, we can see that: The compressor is driven by the heat energy obtained from the engine exhaust gases. The gas-turbine is driven by the engine exhaust gases and directly coupled to the compressor (blower). The blower then draws fresh air from the engine-room and discharges it into the air inlet manifold on the engine. The air is pumped into the cylinder through the inlet ports. When air is burned, it becomes exhaust gases and discharge from the discharge valve which is on the top of combustion space. The exhaust gases then drive the compressor as describe above.The charge-air cooler is fit after the passage of compressor. Here,charge-air is cooled by cooling water and its density increases. Because the amount of air flowing into the cylinders is increased and as the charge-air temperature lowers, it is not only power output is increased, but also the exhaust temperature and the engine thermal load are reduced.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the exhaust gas turbocharger and supercharging.With supercharging a large mass of air is supplied to the cylinder by blowing it in under pressure. The exhaust gas turbocharger is the most commonly used on board to increase the density of the charge air.The exhaust gas turbocharger is composed of five parts: the air manifold, the exhaust manifold, the turbine, the compressor and the charge air cooler.The principle is as following: the exhaust air from the exhaust manifold enters the turbine room. Inertia of exhaust air drives the turbine. Theturbine is rigidly coupled to a centrifugal type air compressor. Then by the use of the compressor, the increase in charge air density is accomplished. Both four-stroke and two-stroke cycle engines may be pressure charged. The supercharging does a great favor to the thorough burning of the fuel. Then the output power is increased.The exhaust gas turbocharger is very important. We must pay attention toit and ensure its good working condition.6. Look at the illustration and say something about the cooling water system.The cooling water system is made up of jacket cooling water system and piston cooling water system. The coolant used in the cooling water system is fresh water. Cooling enables the engine metals to retain their mechanical properties.The main devices in the cooling system are expansion tank, jacket cooler, LO cooler, piston cooler, piston cooling water pump and so on. After leaving the engine, the jacket cooling water passes partially to the cooler and then into the jacket cooling water pumps, it is then pumped around the jacket.The expansion tank can ensure the jacket against cavitations effects. It can make up water due to leakages in the system. It can also ensure that the sea water can’t enter the fresh water system in the event of a small leakage in the jacket cooler.The cooling water system is very important. We must ensure it’s in good order and maintenance.5感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
海员听力会话 口述题 问答题-new 评估
轮机英语听力与会话第1至7章第一章公共用语一、口述1. How to express apology.We can certainly say that nobody can make no mistakes throughout his life. Doing something wrong is not so terrible, what important is we should confess that we are wrong and learn a lesson from the mistake, this is apology. One should apologize for being late for an appointment, for being late means you have wasted other people’s time and maybe cause a serious result. Once a friend from Shanghai came to Wuhan to visit me, we said I would come to the railway station to receive him because that’s the first time he came to Wuhan, but I remembered a wrong time and I was half a hour’ late, he was a little angry, I apologized to him scenically, he forgave me finally for we have been good friends for many years.Thank you very much for inviting me to the party. Unfortunately I have to attend a lecture at 9 pm. I am looking for the next chance to be with you. I am really sorry for this.2. Self-introductionI come from -------province, my name is-----, now I study in the Wuhan university of technology .my score is good, I’m good at the marine engineering, so I decide devote myself to the marine affairs.3. Your life on boardRelatively, seaman’s life is dull, because the working and living conditions are li mited to such a small space that the work has almost no change and seamen communicate much less with other people. But this is not absolute; a man’s life depends on himself. I, for example, like to read English stories and listen to music during my spare time when at sea, and like to make friends with all kinds of people when ship is in port, this makes my live quite interesting.I have been to several ports of the world. I’ve been on board for six years. so I’ve accumulated so much experience about sea life.4. Say something about your familyThere are 3 persons in my family, my father, my mother and me. They are working so hard to earn some money to support the whole family, especially for my studying in the university.5. How to welcome port state control officer?Welcome the port state control officer to our shipIntroduce myself;Introduce my captain and chief engineer to the port state control officer;Ask the officers what items they want to inspect;Arrange someone operate the items for the officers and politely answer the questions from the officer;Welcome, Mr. Smith. I’m -----, the chief engineer. Well, the master is coming, this is our master, Mr. -----, this is Mr. Smith, PSCO. What items will you inspect on board our ship, Mr. Smith? Ok, now the 3rd engineer will operate the lifeboat, this way please, Mr. Smith.6. How to receive ship chandler?Welcome the ship chandler to our ship,Introduce myself;Introduce my captain and chief engineer to the ship chandler;Give the ship chandler a store order which includes item numbers, descriptions, units, required and remarks of the stores we need;Especially mention the time limitWelcome, Mr. Smith. I’m -----, the 4th engineer. Well, our master and chief engineer are coming, this is our master, Mr.-----, this is our chief engineer, Mr. --------, this is Mr. Smith, chandler. Here is our store order list, you can have a look. How about the price? A little bit too high, you will give us a discount, will not you? That’s ok. Please supply our vessel with the stores before our departure on 10th, Oct.7. Talk about your education background.I am studying in Wuhan University of Technology. After four years’studying, I learn much about marine engineering, including the procedure of operating the marine diesel engine and the generator. also I get some experience about how to deal with some simple troubles about operation of the engine. In addition, our teachers have taught us many international legislations and codes, which are very important to our sea life.8. Your responsibilities on board ship.As a chief engineer, my responsibilities on board ship are (1) to keep all machines both in engine room and on deck in good order, so I must organize the watch-keeping in the engine room, and the maintaince work, therefore ensure the safety of the ship and the seamen. (2) to protect marine pollution from the ship.As an engineer, when on duty I work for 4 hours each watch. During the watch time, I should keep everything in good order, the parameters, such as temperatures, pressures of all machines, and the liquid levels of fuel oil tanks, lub. oil tanks and water tanks, etc. should be kept in normal range. Bridge orders must be promptly carried out. I also should determine the possible hazards in the engine room and try to diminish them. The parameters should logged periodically to provide a maintenance base for the machines. At the completion of the watch, I will hand over to my relief, while I must ensure that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively.二、问答1. How long have you been a seaman?2years2. Which company do you serve?In COSCO company3. When did you begin to work on board?In 20024. What do you say when someone has helped you?I would say “THANK YOU”.5. What types of main engine have you ever experienced!Sulzer and B&W.6. How long have you ever worked on board?2 months.7. Have you ever studied SMS? What is SMS?I have studied SMS, SMS is safety management system.8. What is NCR in ISM code?Non-conformity report.9. Which certificate do you have now?I have the CERTIFICAITE OF 4/E.10. Which company are you working?I’m working in COSCO.11. Can you name some foreign ports you have been to?I have been to Sydney, Singapore and Portland.12. How many sailors are there on your ship？24.第二章机舱日常业务（主机系统）一、口述1. Look at the illustration and say something about the removing of a piston.The preparing for lifting out a piston.The procedure of lifting out a piston.The items to be inspected when lifting out a piston.The procedure of removing a piston:1) Stop engine and close all inlet and outlet valves;2) Prepared all tools for overhaul;3) Engaged engine to up dead center;4) Unscrew bolts by means of hydraulic tools;5) Lift out cylinder head by means of engine room crane and put on the wooden mat;6) Lift out piston by means of engine room crane and put on the wooden mat;7) Clean cylinder liner, piston and rod. Check worn-out of cylinder and liner. Check butt clearances and gaps. Renew all gaskets and packing;8) Piston and the rod, cylinder cover and components have been reassembled; the surrounding has been cleaned out by fitters. All tools have been put in place.2. Look at the illustration and say something about the marine diesel engine.This marine diesel engine is a two-stroke type of engine .It height is more than that of a four-stroke type; It’s power can be improved by 60-70% according to the same conditions of the four-stroke type.It’s main moving parts are piston, cross-head, piston rod and crankshaft. The fired parts of the marine engine are cylinder cover by the tie bolts.The necessary systems are lubricating system cooling systems and turbocharger systems and so on.3. Look at the illustration and say something about the exhaust gas turbocharger and supercharging.The main parts are exhaust manifold, turbine, compressor, charge air cooler and manifold.The turbine itself is driven by exhaust and then moves the compressor; air after pass compressor will increase its pressure and then flow to cooler, air receiver.The purpose is to the recover the waste heat and increase the fresh air’s amount and density, so as to develop more power.4.Look at the illustration and say something about the control room.The control room has a lot of buttons, computers, some generator s’ controller.Boxes, telegraph and soon to make sure enough power main.Watch-keeping rules in UMS.Start emergency pump and run generator in parallel, to make sure enough power.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the maneuvering of the main engine.Operation when charging from diesel oil to fuel oil, turn on the heater in the tank, and warm up the fuel the speed also regulate by the governor. Oil regulates the viscosity of the fuel oil, and then shut down the diesel oil valve, turn on the fuel oil valve.6. Look at the illustration and say something about the modern UMS.There are several plates in the UMS room, for example the bus. Some electrical control plates, on the computer, the watching keeper can check the operation situation of all systems, and find them direct from the computer and deal with these troubles.7. Look at the illustration and say something about the oil mist detector and the fan unit.(1) The function of the crankcase oil mist detector is checking for the concentration of oil mist in the crankcase.(2) The function of the fan unit is removing the flammable air in the crankcase(3) Inspect the sensitivity of the detector ad the work condition of the fan frequently.8. Talk something about fuel oil bunking procedure.First selecting a kind of oil, we should take into account the following characteristics: viscosity, setting point, flashing point cetane number, calorific value, sculpture and carbon residues, specific gravity, water content and mechanical impurities. Before bunkering, the E/3 will go down to the oil lighter, where he will sound the oil tanks, logging the tanks’ oil type, sounding number, trim, etc. Bunkering can be started only after all prepare work is finished. After bunkering but before dismantling the pipe, the retained oil in the hose should be blown into oil tank with compressed air, to prevent oil pollution.9. Preparation for the engine department before entering harbor.Change the control handle to maneuveringSupply the engine with diesel oil instead of fuel oilKeep good lubricating and cooling condition of the engineUse the high sea valves instead of the low sea valves.10. Talk about the marine diesel engine shown in the illustration.Cylinder, fuel injector, turbocharger, stuffing box, bedplate, tie bolts, cylinder head, are the main fixed.Exhaust valve, camshaft, crosshead, connecting rod, crankshaft, piston are the moving part.The large two-stroke/cycle low-speed turbocharger main propulsion diesel engines.For the ship provide power, make the ship operate on the sea二、问答1. What’s the function of the purifier used in the fuel oil system?Separate water from oil.2. What’s the function of the clarifier used in the fuel oil system?Separate impurities from oil3. The fuel oil system can be divided into two sub-systems. What are they?The fuel supply and the fuel injection systems.4. How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator control the fuel oil’s viscosity?Control the fuel oil’s temperature.5. When selecting a fuel oil, there are more than ten factors to be considered. Please name at least three of the main factors.Viscosity, ash, residues.6. What’s the advantage of central cooling water system?The corrosion problems are much reduced in this system for less equipment in contact with seawater.7. What’s the function of the head tank used in the cooling water system?Removing the air of the cooling system, making up water, adding additives.8. What’s the usual coolant used in the marine diesel engine?fresh water。
船舶机工英语评估
船舶机工英语评估Speaking Skills●第一课●It was Sunday星期天,and the weather天气was sunny. Iwent to the countryside郊外with my friends. There were greenfields绿地everywhere. We could能够see farmers working busily忙碌in the fields. Some children孩子were playing under the trees. Suddenly突然,we saw a group of ducks鸭子enjoying享有themselves他们自己in the river河. So we ran跑over happily ,but the duckswere frightened害怕by the noise声音of us and hurriedoff匆忙离开. We all laughed笑. We were having awonderful极好time很开心and didn’t go home until直到very late很晚. What a wonderful day we had!●I’m sorry to hear听说that you are not very well身andfeel心unhappy. Here is my advice建议about how tokeep保持healthy健康. A balanced平衡diet食物can helpy ou to keep in good health. You’d better eat吃morehealthy food食品. It’s good for you to eat a lot很多ofvegetables蔬菜, fruit水果and drink milk every so on等.And you should do more exercise运动, such as比如playing ball games , running, swimming游泳and so on.Good food and exercise will be helpful有帮助的. You also也need要enough足够的sleep睡眠. It’s really important很重要.What’s more此外,keep yourself happy. Try to试着smile 微笑every day. I hope希望you will be better and enjoy快乐your life生活.●I had a pleasant愉快的day last上一个month月. In themorning, I got up late起得晚and then began to do myhomework作业. It took用me about two hours to finish完成it. Next , I had fun乐趣playing computer gems.While当my mother was cooking lunch午餐, I cleaned清洁the house and washed洗my clothes衣服. In the afternoon, Iplayed tennis网球happily with my friends.Before I went to bed床, I listened听to music. It made me relaxed放松. What a happy day I had!●Good morning, everyone. I’m very glad高兴to be hereto introduce介绍myself. My name is jack, I’m a student from LuShan School. I’m in Class 11 Grade 9. I’m 14 years old. My favorite喜欢的sport运动is basketball篮球and I’m a member成员of the basketball team队of my school. In my spare节约time, I like reading阅读. It is said听说that books are man’s best friends. So of courseI’ve learned学lots很多of knowledge知识from kinds种类of books. Sometimes I share分享good books with my friends.I havea very happy幸福family. My father is doctor医生, my mother is a writer作家. They both两个都like reading and staying留在at home with me. Ilove my parents父母very much. And they’re proud自豪of me. That’s all. Tha nk you.第二课This is our我们ship. She is a bulk carrier散货船. Hername is BLUE STAR. There are two departments部门on the ship. They are the deck甲板department and the engine department. I am a motorman.I belong属于to the engine department. The chief主要engineer轮机长, three engineers and three motormen are in our 我们的department. Thechief主要的engineer is in charge负责of the engine department. We engineers and motormen work in the engine room.I am Wang Wei, a motormen. I work in the engineroom. I am on watch值班twice两次a day. Each每watch lasts 持续four hours. At the beginning of the watch, I must check检查the working conditions情况of all machinery and equipment设备. Then然后I should inspect检查the levels and temperature of relevant关于oil tanks and water tanks. I should observe观察the exhaost 排气temperature of each各个cylinder and cooling water inlet进口and outlet 出口temperature. AndI also也check检查something in the logbook航海日志ofthe generator发电机diesel engine, etc( et cetera )等. Though 然而I am always总是busy忙碌every day, I like my job very much.This is our workshop车间. It is in the engine room,many许多small小的machines机器are here, such如此asthe lathe车床, drilling machine钻床, electrode weldingmachine电液锚机, etc. A toolbox工具箱is in the corner角落of the workshop. There are a lot许多of tools in it. Theyare hand drills手摇钻, hammers锤子, pliers钳子, cuttingpliers剪钳, pincers钳子, shifting spanners活口扳手, saws锯,files锉刀and so on. We often常常use tools during在...期间our maintenance维护and repair修理work.◆第三课◆The engine department部门is one of the mostimportant重要的departments on board. There are 10people. They are four engineers and six motormen.We are from different不同的countries国家. So we have to speak English. We should get变得along well with each每other其他and respect尊重others’ culture文化and customs风俗. We should keep保持the engine room clean and tidy整齐.◆Our ship has a gross tonnage总吨位of 5,000 tons. Itcarries运载bulk cargo散装货, such as cement水泥, sand沙子,grains谷物, coal煤and so on. We often常常call拜访atSingapore新加坡, Hong Kong, Dalian and Qingdao. As amotormen, I should keep保持all the machines in theengine room in good order命令, so that it sails smoothly 平稳的, we should carry能达到out the officer’ｓ人员orders命令at once一次. We all work very hard努力的on board.◆Our ship is in the shipyard船坞now. We are here forthe voyage航行repair修理. Some machines andequipment need需要repairing修理. A motor often时常fails故障to start启动. The emergency紧急情况generator发电机does not work well. There is also同样something wrong错误with the steering gear转向装置. The workersfrom the shipyard船厂do the most repair修理items项目.大多数修理工作●第四课●A pump is a machi ne used to raise提升liquid from alow point低处to a high point. It simply仅仅provides提供the liquid with an increase增加in energy能量enabling能够it to flow流动or build建立up pressure泵给液体能量使液体流动或产生压力. The pumping action功能can be achieved实现in many ways 不同的方法途径according依照to the type依照泵的型号不同of the pump employed雇佣的.●Shanghai Harbor港is one of the之一largest最大的seaports港口in the world. Every day, a lot of ships许多携带货物的船舶with imported进口goods arrive here停靠这里and everyday a lot of ships with goods for export出口sail起航away from there to all parts of the world驶往世界各地.●There is much emergency equipment应急设备on board.They are emergency power supply电源, emergency steering gear舵机, watertight door水密门, quick closing device速闭装置for the fuel oilsystem and so on.Everyman should keep保持the equipment in good order运行良好and check them regularly经常检查.第五课The motorman should be on duty值班in the enginecontrol room from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. in the UMS无人机仓.During the watch, he should check the working conditions工况of all the equipment in the engine room, levels of all tanks所有液柜and engine room bilge wells污水井. He should keep the engine room clean and tidy.The workshop车间is in the engine room, there aremany machines in it, such as lathe车床, weldingmachine焊接机, drilling machine钻头机and so on. There isa toolbox in the workshop. There are some tools like比如files锉刀, saws锯, spanners扳手, screwdrivers螺丝刀and so on.The oil level detector探测器is used to control控制theopening and closing of the electric magnetic valve电磁阀and the oil content油分of the separated water分离出的水is detected by the oil content detector油分探测器. When the oil content is less少于then 15 ppm, the separated wateris delivered overboard排放到船外. If the oil content morethen 15 ppm, the separated water is returned送回to theoil sludge tank油污柜.◆第六课◆The cooling water circulating pump循环泵did not work smoothly平稳. It did not build up产生any pressure. The engineers dismantled拆除it and examined检查itcarefully小心的. Later稍后they found out找出/发现the trouble故障, and then they renewed some worn-out磨损parts部件with the spare parts备件.用一些备件更换了磨损的部件◆This is our workshop. It is small. Some lathes车床arein the workshop. They are a planner计划表, a grinder研磨机, a saw machine锯and so on. A toolbox is in the middle中间of the workshop. Some tools are in the box. They are saws锯, files锉刀, screwdrivers螺丝刀and so on. The workshop is in the engine room.◆After the last voyage of the year上次航行以后, the ship willgo to the shipyard船厂for the annual repair年修. Beforethat time, the chief engineer轮机长must make填写up the repair list修理单. The main engine will be checked anddefective parts损坏的零件will be renewwd更换during therepair在修理期间.●第七课●Stand by engine for sailing起航Then instructions指令have been received收到that themain engine is to要去be prepared做准备for running, thefollowing下列procedures程序for any make型号of marine 船用diesel engine should be followed遵循.对任何船用柴油机下列步骤要被遵循1.Check the fuel, lubricating oil, cooling water andstanting air system of the M.E.2.Check that all valves in the various各种system are operational可用的and have no leakage没有泄露.3.Warm暖up the main engine.4.Check through彻底the crankcase曲轴箱.5.Check the turbochargers涡轮增压器.6.Engage合上the turning gear盘车机and give the engineat least one complete完整的turn.至少转动主机一圈7.The scavenge drains扫气箱放残阀should be cranked轻微的open; the drains from diaphragm glands隔板填料箱should be slightly轻微的open./doc/7d650551.html,rm通知bridge驾驶台that engine room would like将会to turn the engine over slowly缓慢的on air.用空气缓慢转动主机9.Start the engine on air briefly短暂的on bothdirections在各个方向and then close all indicator cocks示功旋塞.10.G ive the main diesel engine a brief trial试车onpower ahead正车and astern倒车.对主机进行正车倒车测试?第八课In the case一旦/万一of a fire发生火情in the engine room,each person每名船员on board has to必须carry out 执行his assigned duty指定任务. Each person has a specific task to do要有专门的工作去做. Fire drills消防演习are cinducted进行as soon as只要the ship departs出发on a long journey长途旅行.Usually通常it is about one day大约一天after departure出发后.Engineering staffs轮机部的成员will attend to看管equipment in the engine room. In case of fire in the machineryspace机舱, the engineering staffs will play the majorrole in controlling控制the fire, and putting扑灭it out将在控制/扑灭火情方面起到重要作用. in case of fire in the deck甲板, the navigation staffs甲板部成员will be the frontline最重要的fire fighters消防员, while the engineering staffs will play asupporting role辅助作用/角色.In a normal situation一般情况, the captain and the chief engineer船长和轮机长will be overall in charge of负总责the fire-fightingoperation消防过程, and the chief officer大副and the second engineer大管轮officer will assist协助them他们.Engine room preparations准备工作for collision碰撞are as follows如下:The chief engineer should go to the engine room quickly快速and command指挥other duty personnel其他值班船员to prepare去准备for maneuvering机动操纵the main engine; reduce the speed of the main engine给主机降速while the ship is in shallow water处于浅水区and ask for information询问from the brdge驾驶台frequently频繁的; change箱底阀thelow-level低位sea chest to a high one高位阀箱; sound测量深度relevant相关的tanks.◆第九课◆Emergency response应急措施to engine room flooding进水:1.Secure关闭all watertight doors所有水密门, hatches舱口and ventilators通风机to ensure为了确保maximumavailable watertight integrity最大可用的完整性.2.All available可用的pumps, including包括portablesalvage pumps便携式救助泵, are to(表目的) be immediately utilized立即被利用to cintrol控制the ingress of water进水.3.Find the leaks找到泄露点and try to试着stop堵住it with acollision-mat席子( blanket毯子, cotton-wadding棉花,etc. ), steel patch钢板or concrete patch混凝土板.◆In case of oil spill on board外一在船上发生漏油, firstly首先it(事故)should be reported to the master向船长报告, then actions行动taken 拿according to依照the SOPEP然后根据国际海上防污染公约采取行动. If it is out of control失控, and the ship cannothandle并且该船不能处理it, the master船长should ask报告theport authorities港口国主管机关for help and assistants帮助和协助.All crewmembers船员should control the oil spill漏油under the master’scommand在船长的指挥下. They should 他们应该try their best尽力to remove处理oil spilled漏油. Finally 最后, all the activities above上述所有行动should berecorded记录in the Oil Record Book油样记录簿, including包含:when occurred发生时, position of the ship when occurred发生时船的位置, approximate大概的quantity and type数量和种类of oiland so on.●第十课●On the way here出海期间, we renewed更换some of thefilters滤器with the ship’s spares备件and we didn’t have enough stores充足的物料on board, our chief engineer轮机长telegraphed电报the ship chandler船舶供应商and asked him to prepare some filters for us为我们准备一些滤器. Besides除此之外, one of our之一safety valves安全阀didn’t work wel l出故障. The chief engineer decided决定to replace更换it. So he ordered one定了一个. He alsso asked the ship chandler tobring带some nuts螺母on board. He gave the producer’ｓ生产商的names and the specifications规格of the spare parts备件at the same time同时. The ship chandler agreed to答应deliver these things on board as soon as尽快的possible可能.尽可能快的将这些物品送到船上●When a motorman or an engineer is on duty值班, he isworking in the engine room. Each watch等同于值班lasts four hours每班持续四小时. Each person每个人is on duty twice a day一天两次. It is now half past seven 7点半in the morning. Our second engineer大管轮iss on duty. He is taking测量the oil pressure. The assistant engineer协助轮机员is helping him正在帮助他. He is measuring测量thecylinder cooling water outlet出口temperature. Themotorman is pumping out抽出the bilge water舱底水.They are going to hand交出over the shief交班.●The motorman, or oiler加油工is under the leadership在谁的领导下of the second engineer and duty engineer. His routine日常work is to maintain维护/保养the equipment, succh as比如repairing修理motors, overhauling修理pistons, welding焊接pipes, cleaning purifier分水机,dismantling拆卸pumps, etc. He usually does thepreparation准备工作for warming up暖机, staanding bythe main engine before sailing和出海前备车做准备, and he is reponsible负责for the work associated有关的withstopping the engine他负责与停机有关的工作. While on duty, heshall将要make做an inspection检查tour巡视every halfan hour半小时. He checks relevant 相关的equipment,adjusts调整the parameters参数to ensure确保the normal supply正常供应of power能量and steam蒸汽.第十一课One of the之一most important最重要的knowledge知识that a seaman海员has to know海员必须要知道的最重要的常识之一is how怎样to prevent预防and put out fire扑灭火情.Should ( 强调) 如果a big fire occur发生大火in a ship, there is almost no几乎/没有other place to go任何地方可去except除了the surrounding周围的seas大海. So it is necessary所以有必要to know去了解how a fire can start火情是怎么发生的, we have to know必须知道the concept观念/概念of the fire triangle火情三要素. A fire can only start只可以发生在when thereis fuel, heat and oxygen当有燃料/热量/氧气时. If one of thereis其中之一absent缺席/不存在or removed远离/排除, the fire does not exist存在/发生, sso to prevent预防fires, the best thing to do 最佳方法is to isolate隔绝either one of them任何一个or better still, all of them最好是全部.Port State Control ( PSC )港口国监督is the inspection是一种检查of foreign ships国外的船in other naational ports by PSCofficers国外的船在其他国家的港口由港口国官员/监督员检查for thepurpose of目的是verifying检查that the competency资格/能力of the master and officers船长和船员on board, the condition状况of a ship and its equipment船和设备comply 符合with the requirements要求of international conventions国际公约( e.g. 举例( for example)SOLAS人命安全, MARPOL防污染, STCW船员培训/发证/, LOAD LINE 66载重线公约, ITC 69船舶吨位丈量公约, etc.等) and that the vessel船is manned配备人员and operated操作in compliance符合with applicable遵守international国际law法/公约. Underthe根据provisions规定/有of applicable适用的international conventions根据适用的国际公约, ships entitled 授权to fly the flag of a Party船旗国are subject隶属悬挂国旗的船舶, while inthe port of a Party在另一个缔约国港口, to control 检查/监督by officers duly authorized正式授权by the Party该国正式授权的官员的监督. Ships of non-parties非缔约国or below convention size小于公约约定尺寸内的shall be given将要被给出no more将不再给出favorable treatment优惠待遇.In addition添加to the above said上述certificates anddocuments证书和文件, the following will be givenpriority下列将被重点/优先检查by the PSCO: Life-savingequipment救生设备, emergency starting and runningtests应急启动和运行测试, nautical publications航海出版物,navigational equipment驾驶设备, emergency generator应急发电机, hull corrosion and damages船壳腐蚀和损情, main engine and aux. Engine主机和辅机, oily water separator分离器15 ppm alarm警报, oil discharge monitor排放监控器, steering gear舵机, emergency training and drills应急训练和演习, fire safety control plan消防安全控制计划, emergencylighting/batteries应急照明/蓄电池, cleanliness清洁in engine room, cleanliness in accommodation居住区and so on.◆第十二课◆Before working on oil or chemical cargo pumps货泵or pipelines在使用油/化学品货泵或管路前, they should be washed through彻底它们应该被彻底清洗. After pumping certain chemicals在泵出某种化学品后, it may be necessary有必要to use a solvent溶剂to wash冲洗the pump. As an extra额外precaution作为额外的预防措施, protective clothing防护服and breathing apparatus呼吸器may be necessary防护服和呼吸器是必要的. Work on使用pumps should noly be只可以carried out执行when tanks are in a safe condition安全环境在液柜处在安全的情况下才可以使用泵. Hydraulic or steam lines tonpump motors通往泵马达的液压的/蒸汽的管路must be closed securely牢牢关闭and the power system shut down动力系统也应该被关闭.◆In july7月1998 the ISM 国际安全管理Code规则becamemandatory变为了强制的for passenger ships客船, tankers油轮and high-speed craft高速船. The Code establishes建立safety-management安全管理objectives目标and requires 要求 a safety management system体系( SMS ) to be established已建立by “ the Company ”并且要求由公司建立一个安全管理体系, which is它们被defined as定义成the shipowner船东or any person任何个人, such as the manager管理者or bareboat charterer船舶经营者, who has assumed假定responsibility责任for operating the ship该人员已经承担了船舶经营的责任.◆“ Company ” means意味着the owner of the ship船东/所有者or any other organization组织or person人员such as the manager管理者, or the bareboat charterer或者说船舶经营者,who has assumed the reponsibility for operation of the ship fromthe shipowner and who该人员已经承担了船东的船舶经营的责任, on assuming such responsibility一旦承担这种责任, has agreed同意to take over承担all duties andresponsibility责任imposed施加by the Code该人员已经同意承担规则里给出的所有责任.◆The Company should establish建立procedures程序for。
轮机英语听力与会话试题解答
全国海船船员适任证书国家统考轮机英语听力与会话试题解答（适用无限航区750KW及以上船舶三管轮）陆宝成编航海学院轮机教研室2010年3月1日目录第一部分轮机英语听力与会话试题解答 (3)第一章公共英语 (3)五、口述题答案 (3)六、问答题答案 (3)第二章机舱日常业务 (4)四、口述 (4)五、问答题答案 (6)第三章驾机联系 (10)四、口述题答案 (10)五、问答题答案 (12)第四章应急用语 (12)四、口述题答案 (12)五、问答题答案 (16)第五章对外业务联系 (19)四、口述题答案 (19)五、问答题答案 (21)第六章PSC/ISM检查 (23)四、口述题答案 (23)五、问答题答案 (25)第二部分船员面试手册 (28)第三部分轮机英语试题库外试题 (35)1．MARPOL 73/78公约补充题： (35)第一部分轮机英语听力与会话试题解答第一章公共英语五、口述题答案1.The position of the engine room on board is usually at the aft part of the ship.There are a lot of types of marine machinery.The diesel engine for propulsion is called the main engine.Other various machines are called auxiliary machinery.These machines are required for steering, cargo handling, power generation and so on.The feature of marine machinery in the engine room is that it has a wide variety.2.The engine department on board is very important.Without it, a ship cannot sail at sea nor do anything else.The personnel of the engine department include four engineers and several ratings.The chief engineer is the head of the engine department.The work in the engine department is related to machines and equipment.It is to control machines and systems and to keep them in good order.3.I’m an engineer of sea-going ships.I graduated from Binzhou polytechnic college.I have been a seaman for three years.And I have worked as a third engineer for one year.There are three people in my family.I’m single and looking for a nice girl to marry.4.My position on board is the fourth engineer.One of my shifts is from 0800 hours to 1200 hours.The other shift is from 2000 hours to 2400 hours.I’m in charge of the boiler, incinerator, oily water separator and other equipment on board.I have worked as a fourth engineer for one year.And I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships, (such as bulk carriers, container ships, general cargo ships, tankers, and so on.)5.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.For example, a fourth engineer works from 0800 hours to 1200 hours.He also works from 2000 hours to 2400 hours.He has to keep everything in good order.If anything goes wrong, he has to deal with it or report it to the chief engineer.At the end of the watch, he is going to hand over the shift.The third engineer will go on the next shift.6.I’m glad to introduce myself.My name is _____.I’m ____ years old.I graduated from Binzhou polytechnic college.I hav en’t got any educational degree.Now I’m a fouth engineer on board.I love my job.六、问答题答案1. I have worked on board for three years.2. Now I have a fourth engineer’s certificate.3. I’m single. There are three departments on board.4. There are three people in my family. No, I’m single.5. I’ve been to ten countries.6. I began to work on board in 2009. I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships, (such as bulk carriers, container ships, general cargo ships, tankers, etc.)7. There are two important canals all over the world. They are Panama Canal and Suez Canal.8. Yes, of course. The most important thing for a seafarer is safety.9. I have worked on main engine SULZER RTA58 and generator engine B&W L23/30.10. Our ship is registered with CCS (LR, BV, ABS, and DNV).11. No, I have not worked on any ship with damage in critical equipment.12. I make our maintenance schedules according to the rules and equipment situations.13. Yes, of course. The international conventions concerning marine shipping include SOLAS, STCW, MARPOL, and so on.14. Yes, of course. The usages of the STCW conven tion are in seafarers’ training, certification and watchkeeping.15. The purpose of Classification Society is to carry out surveys in accordance with the rules and regulations for the safety of ships. Some of them are CCS, LR, BV and ABS.16. Yes, of course. Different kinds of ships’ surveys include initial survey, annual survey, intermediate survey, and special survey.17. UMS stands for unattended machinery space. I haven’t served any UMS.18. Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection. The last inspection I experienced was in the port of osaka in 2009.19. In the overhaul of a cylinder, we should pay attention to safety precautions and the manufacturers’ instructions.20. Before entering an enclosed space such as a ballast tank, I will check the oxygen content in it first.21. The minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space is 18 percent.第二章机舱日常业务四、口述1.The difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine are mainly as follows:The diesel engine uses diesel oil as fuel but the gasoline engine uses gasoline.During the suction stroke, the diesel engine admits air only, but the gasoline engine admits a combustible mixture of air and gasoline.After compression, a fine spray of fuel injected into the diesel engine cylinder is ignited by the heat in the cylinder.A gasoline engine needs spark plugs to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinder.The compression ratio of a diesel engine is higher than that of a gasoline engine.So a diesel engine is bigger than a gasoline engine.2.I will introduce the engine room to Xiao Wang in this way:This is the economizer, standing just in front of the door.Down the staircase, there is a boiler.Going down some more, you will find a passage leading to the steering gear room.Moving down another flight of stairs, you will come to the level of main engine cylinder heads.Up from there, there are diesel generators.The fresh water generator is also on the same level.And there are a lot of other machines for me to introduce to Xiao Wang.3.I will introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room in this way:There are hundreds of machines in the engine room.The main engine is the heart of the engine room.It supplies power for the vessel’s propulsion.Boilers are used for producing steam.A fresh water generator is used to produce fresh water from seawater.An air compressor is to supply compressed air.Steering gears are for the control of the ship’s course.4.I will say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine.The main diesel engine is with a thrust shaft as an integral part.The thrust shaft is bolted to an intermediate shaft.The intermediate shaft is supported by intermediate tunnel bearings.The sterntube bearing supports the tailshaft and part of the propeller weight.Sterntube seals are fitted at the outboard and inboard ends of the tailshaft.5.Medium- and high-speed diesel engines can be arranged as single-engine propulsion.But they are probably arranged as two-, even three- or four-engine propulsion.The illustration shows a kind of four engine propulsion.These engines are connected with a reduction gear.Through the reduction gear, the propelling speed is reduced and the torque is increased.One of the advantages of this arrangement is that compact systems can be used.6.This is an illustration of the structure of a main engine.In the picture, Part 1 and Part 3 form the crankcase.Part 2 is the main bearing housing.Part 10 is the crankshaft.Part 8 is the connecting rod.The connecting rod is connected with Part 6, the piston, through Part 7, the piston pin.The piston is moving in Part 4, the cylinder liner.There are a lot of other parts in the picture.7.This picture illustrates the stress status of the moving parts of an engine.The moving parts are stressed by two major forces.One is the compressive force from the gas in the cylinder.The other is the inertia force of the moving parts.The resultant force of the two can be divided into Force N and Force S.Force S compresses or stretches the connecting rod.And it can be further divided into Force T and Force K.Force K exerts a bending stress on the crankshaft.8.This picture illustrates the shape of a piston head.There are four piston ring grooves in the head.The top of the piston head is concave, like a bowl.This shape is favourable for the mixing of fuel and air.It is also for the free expansion of the head after being heated.The type of this piston is probably a crosshead type.9.This picture illustrates various types of piston rings.The first one in the picture is the section of a straight-flanked ring.The second one is a diagonal cut piston ring.The third one is a kind of piston ring with one inner-side chamfer.The shape of the fourth one is ladder-shaped.And the fifth one is with an oval shape at the outer side.10.There are two different lubricating modes for the main engine.One is for lubrication of the cylinders.The other is for bearing lubrication.The method of applying oil to the cylinder walls is usually by small pumps, known as mechanical lubricators.And the oil supplied is in small quantities.But the usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system.It provides a copious supply of oil to all bearings.11.The basic working principle of purifiers is centrifuging separation.In a purifier, there are separation discs and outer periphery with a series of holes.When fuel oil is pumped into it, the centrifugal force causes water to be forced to the outer periphery.A cylindrical interface is formed between the water and oil.The oil is forced inward and up to the clean oil outlet.By this way, a purifier can remove water from fuel oil.12.The oily water separator is first filled with clean water.The oily water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating department.Here some oil will separate and rise into the oil collection space.The remaining mixture now flows down into the fine separating compartment.More oil will separate out.The almost oil-free water passes into the central pipe and leaves the separator unit.13. Anti-pollution equipment is necessary especially for ocean-going ships.The equipment includes the oily water separator, the incinerator and the sewage treating system.These devices perform their duties to prevent pollution from ships to the sea.We should take great care of them.We should ensure that they all meet the requirements of the MARPOL Convention.14. The ballast system is used to bring the ship’s drafts into a seaworthy condition.It allows water to be drawn from any tank or the sea.And it allows the water to be discharged to any other tank or the sea.By this way, it can trim the vessel as bined or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided.We must operate the ballast system according to the international and port regulations.15. The operation of the bilge water system is an important routine work.It needs great care.The discharge of bilge water must meet relevant legislative requirements.The operation must be recorded and reported to the chief engineer.The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch.And the relieving engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.五、问答题答案1. One type of the main engine on board is a slow speed two-stroke diesel engine.2. In an electronically controlled main engine, fuel injection quantity is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) to ensure good atomization and combustion.3. Dual fuel technology allows the main engine to run in either gas mode or diesel mode.4. Because a two-stroke engine can produce more power than a four-stroke engine of a similar size, it is widely used on board ships.5. Because in the four-stroke engine there is an adequate overlap between the air inlet valve opening and the exhaust valve closing, the gas exchanging quality is better than in the two-stroke engine.6. The three moving parts of a marine main engine are pistons, connecting rods and a crankshaft.7. The sequence of the four strokes is suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.8. The fixed parts of a marine main engine include the bedplate, frames, cylinder blocks and cylinder covers,9. The operation between two injections is called a working cycle of a diesel engine.10. The foundation of a diesel engine is the bedplate.11. The tie rods are used to secure the bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks together. They can withstand very high tension.12. The function of the governor is mainly to regulate the speed of the engine.13. The feature of the governor is that it should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time, and so on.14. The crosshead pin is used for connecting the piston rod and the connecting rod.15. The piston rod stuffing box is used for sealing between the crankcase and the scavenging air box.16. The two types of cooling water systems are closed cooling systems and open systems.17. The function of the head tank in the cooling water system is to allow water expansion and make-up.18. The open cooling system is for the circulation of the sea water. It draws up sea water from the sea and makes it flow through the lube oil cooler, the main engine air coolers and the freshwater cooler.19. In the closed cooling system, the fresh water first passes the freshwater cooler, and then is circulated through the cooling water jackets of the main engine to cool cylinder liners, cylinder heads and exhaust valves.20. The central cooling system has two separate fresh water circulation systems: the high temperature system for cooling the main engine; the low temperature system for cooling high temperature fresh water and various coolers. 21. The central cooling water system can keep the cylinder cooling water temperature stable and reduce the maintenance work of the system.22. Fuel oil viscosity of the main engine can be controlled by regulating its temperature.23. The two sub-systems of the fuel oil system are the fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24. The function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator is to control oil viscosity.25. The fuel oil viscosity regulator works by regulating the temperature of fuel oil.26. The composition of fuel oil includes carbon, hydrogen, sulphur and nitrogen.27. The main factors to be considered in selecting fuel oil include its cetane number, diesel index, calorific value and viscosity.28. The usual coolants in a marine diesel engine are fresh water, sea water and lube oil.29. Because seawater can cause corrosion, it is not used as a direct coolant in the diesel engine.30. The advantage of oil cooling pistons is that there is no risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.31. The disadvantage of water cooling pistons is the risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.32. The functions of the lubricating oil in the main engine include reducing friction, cooling and cleaning.33. We clean the lube oil f ilters according to the manufacturer’s instructions.34. When the pressure drop is excessive, we should clean the fuel oil filters.35. Because the cylinder oil has to neutralize sulphuric acid formed while burning low-grade fuel oil, it contains alkalinity.36. The functions of the cylinder oil include lubrication, cooling and cleaning.37. When starting the air compressor, we should check lube oil, supply cooling water, operate the unloader and close drain valves.38. When standing by engine, we should pay attention to the power supply, the preparations of the lube oil, fuel oil, cooling and starting systems, and other things.39. Yes. That the engine does not start on air is probably because the starting air pressure is too low, or the turning gear is still engaged.40. We should periodically drain water from the air reservoir.41. The function of gas exchange in a diesel engine is to supply fresh air into and remove exhaust gases from the cylinders.42. The function of supercharging is to increase the mass of air charged into the cylinders.43. I will gradually warm up the main engine in cold weather.44. To heat the main engine, I will preheat the cooling and lube oil systems, and start the cooling water and lube oil circulating pumps.45. When changing diesel oil into fuel oil, I will open the fuel oil heater steam valve, open the daily fuel oil tank valve and close the daily diesel oil tank valve.46. When changing fuel oil into diesel oil, I will gradually change the oil temperature, open the daily diesel oil tank valve and close the daily fuel oil tank valve.47. The function of the turning gear is to turn over the main engine before its starting and after its shutting down.48. We use lead wires or the feeler to measure the clearance of the main bearings.49. We use a special gauge to measure the crank web deflection of the main engine.50. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts black smoke because the air supply is too low, or the fuel valves are defective, or the combustion in the cylinder is incomplete.51. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts blue smoke because lube oil is being burnt owing to blow-by.52. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke because the sulphur content in the fuel is higher than normal.53.Yes. The diesel engine exhausts white smoke because there is too much water in the fuel.54. The function of the steering gear is to control the ship’s course.55. CPP stands for Controllable Pitch Propeller.56. VIT stands for Variable Injection Timing.57. The freshwater generator on our ship is a vacuum boiling type.58. The fuel oil separator on our ship is a centrifugal type.59. The function of the fuel oil separator is to purify the fuel oil.60. The oily water separator on our ship is a gravity separation type.61. The function of the oily wate r separator is to ensure that the oil content in the water doesn’t exceed the required limit when discharged into the sea.62. The function of the incinerator is to burn up oil sludge, waste oil and some solid wastes.63. When we pump out the bilge, the oil content limit is 15 ppm.64. Hot work is any work with flame or sparks, such as gas cutting and welding.65. We often carry out water treatment for the boiler because it can reduce scale forming, prevent corrosion and water carry-over by steam.66. An exhaust gas boiler is used on a motor ship at sea.67. A donkey boiler is used on a motor ship in port.68. Generally, I will decide to overhaul the main engine according to its running hours and performance.69. The function of the soot blower is to blow soot and combustion products away from the tube surfaces.70. I will use coarse grinding material and then fine grinding material to grind the valve plate of an air compressor.71. A coupling is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator.72. The most common marine refrigeration is of a compression type.73. The components required for a compression refrigeration system include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.74. I will fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system through the filling valve or the suction end of the compressor.75. That the refrigerating compressor starts and stops frequently may be a result of lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator or leaky liquid line solenoid valve.76. The windlass is used to handle the anchors.77. The deck machinery includes the mooring winch, deck crane and windlass.78. I will drain off air of the injection pump by opening the vent cock.79. I will use a special disc cleaner to clean the disc of an oil separator.80. Before disassembly of the cylinder of the main or auxiliary engine, we should prepare various tools, hoisting devices and other materials.81. We manage sewage according to the international and national regulations.第三章驾机联系四、口述题答案1．Communications between the engineers and deck officers are very important.While they are keeping watch, they will communicate with each other by telephone.For example, the duty officer will inform the duty engineer when to stand by engine, when to check out the telegraph and when the ship will arrive at the port.Before the engineer gives the main engine a trial on power, he will tell the officer.While testing the steering gear, the engineer will report the rudder angle to the bridge.If anything unexpected happens, they will notify each other as soon as possible.2.A noon report must be written every day.It is a table with three columns.The first column is for daily performance data.Here we should enter some data concerning the main engine, ship and voyage.The second column is for remarks of the chief engineer.And the third one should be filled in with the working hours of the main and auxiliary engines.3.Before taking over an engineering watch, the relieving engineer should check various things.He should read the standing orders and special instructions of the chief engineer.He should be aware of all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should check the level and condition of fuel, water or residues in tanks and bilges.He should know the condition and mode of operation of the main and auxiliary systemsHe should also check other necessary things.4.Before handing over an engineering watch, the engineer to be relieved should record all the incidents happened during his watch.He should tell the relieving engineer whether there are any special instructions.He should tell the relieving engineer all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should tell the relieving engineer the liquid levels and conditions of various tanks being used.If the ship is in port, he should tell the relieving engineer the communication channel with the shore personnel.And he should tell him all other things concerning the safety and environmental protection.5.When standing-by engine before departure, we should do various things.We should check various systems of the main engine.We should warm up the main engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn.After informing the bridge, we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.Finally, we w ill ring “stand-by” on the engine telegraph.6.After a period of sailing, a ship will arrive at a port.We should begin standing by engine before arriving.The starting air receivers must be pumped up to be ready for maneuvering.Some control modes must be changed overfrom automatic to hand control.About one hour before engine movements, heavy oil should be changed over to diesel.The starting air system should be drained.If permissible, a test reversal of the engine should be carried out before arrival in congested waterways.7.When sailing at rough sea, the ship will pitch and roll violently.So we should pump up the slack tanks and secure some movable things.The main engine speed may exceed the maximum allowable RPM because the propeller may be above the sea surface.The ship’s speed may be reduced because of greater resistance.So we should closely observe the working condition of the main engine.And we should get ready to respond to any emergency conditions.8.After the ship is in position, the bridge will giv e the order “finished with engine”.At that time, we begin finishing with engine.We should check various control levers.We should shut various valves and open various cocks.We should gradually reduce the cooling water temperature over a period of 8 hours.And we should turn the main engine through 3 or 4 turns at first and through one turn at intervals during cooling.9.The steering gear should be tested before departure and arrival.It should be tested after being repaired.If requested by the port state control officer, testing should also be done.While testing the steering gear, the deck officer and the engineer should work together.The rudder angle should be checked and the system be tested.Any error or malfunction if found, should be corrected.10.Before the trial of the main engine, the duty engineer will ask the motorman to warm up oil fuel, lubricating oil and the engine.The systems of lubricating oil, cooling water and fuel oil should be checked, prepared and their pumps turned on.The compressed air system should be drained, charged and its valves opened.Then turn and run the engine by putting in starting air.After the trial of main engine, the duty engineer should write down the starting air pressure values for each time the engine is started ahead and astern.Any abnormal condition found during the trial should be written down and dealt with as soon as possible.11.Engine room orders are mainly standard engine orders.“Stand by engine” requires that engine room personnel get fully ready to manoeuvre.“Full ahead” means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for ahead propulsion.“Full astern” means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for astern propulsion.And other engine orders include “half ahead”, “half astern”, “slow ahead”, “slow astern”, “dead slow ahead” and “dead slow astern”.“Finished with engine” means that the movement of engine is no longer required.12.The telegraph in the engine room is a very important device.It is installed on the control console.Its movement is transmitted to the telegraph on the bridge.The bridge and the engine room use this system to communicate engine movements.It is usually used when the ship is going into or out of a port.The telegraph control lever has four “ahead” and four “astern” positions with the “stop” pos ition in the middle.五、问答题答案1If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, accidents will happen.2I need to communicate with the bridge before testing the main engine, the steering gear and whenever necessary. 3To communicate with the bridge, I usually use the telephone.4I think that the records of the communications should be maintained because they can provide evidence of operation and references for deciding responsibilities.5Yes, I think English is very important during the communication.6 We should check the engine telegraph before sailing, usually one hour in advance.7 Checking the telegraph usually begins with the “Slow” position ordered from the bridge.8 We should test the steering gear before departure from a port and arrival at a port.9 Before starting the main engine, we should check the various systems of the engine, especially the reversing and control gear.10 We will test the main engine by running it briefly on power both ahead and astern.11 When “Stand by engine”, we will start the fresh water pump and make other preparations for the cooling water system.12 When “Stand by engine”, we should start the lube oil pump and make sure that lube oil supply is in order.13 When I am going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil, I will gradually change the oil temperature.14 That the engine speed rises up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil is because the calorific value of fuel oil is higher than that of diesel oil.15 When “Finished with engine”, we will shut down the air system, put in the turning gear, open all drains and indicator cocks, and do a lot of other things.16 We should warm up the oils gradually when the ship is sailing in the cold zone.17 The duty engineer should quickly operate the main engine astern when “Full astern” is ringing up.18 The duty engineer will correct the clock in the engine room by comparing it with the clock on the bridge at noon.第四章应急用语四、口述题答案1.I have heard of a case of main engine trouble.During navigation, the engine room alarm sounded.The control room computer showed that the exhaust temperature of No.5 cylinder of the main engine is abnormal.Upon check, the fuelcam for that cylinder was found broken.As there was no spare parts on board, that cylinder was cut off until the ship arrived at the next port of call.I think that engineer on that ship did the right thing.2.Sudden stoppage of the main engine is a serious accident.The problem may lie in the fuel system of the engine, but also can be in other systems.Even reduction gear breakdown can cause main engine stoppage.In the event of sudden stoppage, the bridge should be informed immediately.If the ship is near a port, she will be towed into the port for troubleshooting and repair.If the ship is at open sea and the engineers cannot solve the problem, the ship will ask for assistance and rescue.3.Turbocharger surge can be due to various reasons.One is high back pressure of the exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity through it.Another is the insufficient supply or bad combustibility of fuel oil.A narrowed scavenging air passage is a possible cause too.Scavenge fire can also cause turbocharger surge.Actions to be taken vary with the troubles and situations.4.In some emergency cases, the main engine may run with one cylinder cut off.In this case, the engine must run at a lower speed.The engineer must reduce the load of the engine.The exhaust gas temperature of the remaining cylinder should not exceed normal full-load temperatures.Sometimes severe or even dangerous vibrations may occur.The engineer must keep close watch on the situation.If necessary, some measures must be taken.5.Once a scavenge fire occurs, the engine should be slowed down.Fuel to the affected cylinders should be shut off.Cylinder lubrication should be increased to minimize the risk of seizure.All the scavenge drains should be closed.A small fire will quickly burn out.But if the fire persists, the engine must be stopped.6.If a crankcase explosion occurs, we should immediately take actions.We should reduce speed to “slow”.We should ask the bridge for permission to stop.When the engine is stopped, stop the primary fuel oil pump.And stop the lubricating oil pump.Then do something to find the cause of the explosion.7.I have heard of a blackout case on board a ship.That s hip’s fourth engineer mistakenly shut down No.1 auxiliary engine which was supplying electric power.At that time, the ship was turning to port, using No.2 hydraulic pump of the steering gear.With no electricity, the rudder remained at 4 degrees to port and the ship struck a ship at anchor.The emergency power of that ship could supply power to No.1 hydraulic pump but the duty officer on the bridge did not know that and did not start that pump immediately.I think that this accident could have been avoided if some crewmembers of that ship had had more knowledge about their ship and worked more carefully.8.To start an emergency generator, the following procedures must be followed:First check the lube oil level in the crankcase of its prime mover.Then check the fuel oil level in the tank.Also check the air pressure if the generator unit is air-started.And check the battery voltage if the unit is battery started.Make sure that there are no obstacles around the machine.After seeing that every thing is in order, start the machine.。
轮机英语听力会话问答题与口述
轮机英语听力与会话评估三版问答题参考答案第一章公共英语1How long have you ever worked on board?I have worked on board for 2 years.2 Which certificate do you have now?I have the Fourth E ngineer’s Certificate.3 What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I am married. There are there departments on board: deck department, enginedepartment and service department.4 How many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are there people in my family. I am not married.5.How many countries have you ever been to?I have been to many countries such as Japan, Singapore, America, etc.6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you workedon?I began to work on board in 2000, I have worked on bulk Carriers.7. How many important canals are there all over the world?There are three: the Panama Canal , Suez Canal and Kiel Canal.8.C an you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?For a seafarer, the most important thing is safety, his sense of responsibility andprofessionalism.9.W hat kind of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Oh, several models. For instance ,main engine: SUZER RND 68,6700kw;Generator engine: YANMAR 6ML-HTS 270kw and so on.10Which classification society is your ship registered with?CCS.( china classification society)11Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?(你工作过的船发生过重大机损吗？)No, I haven’t.12 How do you make your maintenance schedules?（维护保养计划）According to the ISM Code ,the preventive maintenance plan is made based on the ship’s “Planned Maintenance System” and the machinery running hour records.(根据ISM规则，预防维护计划是基于船舶的计划保养体系（PMS）和机械运转时间记录来制定的)13Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?（你能列出有关海运的国际公约吗？）They are SOLAS74, MARPOL73/78 and STCW78/95 ,etc.14Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?(您能谈谈STCW公约的应用情况吗？)Yes, it is used in seafarers’ training , certification and watch keeping.15 What is the purpose of classification society? Could you list some of them? The purpose is to evaluate the condition of the ship, the management system ofshipping company and to ensure safety. some are CCS, LR ,BV (法国), ABS and so on.16Co uld you list different kinds of ship’s surveys?Ship’s survey include annual survey, intermediate survey, in-dock survey,temporary survey and special survey, etc.17 What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?UMS stands for Unmanned Machinery Space. Yes, I have severed UMS before.18 Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your lastinspection?Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection, we had it during our last voyage in America. 19What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder.(在气缸大修过程中应该注意什么？)We should pay attention to the safety and the special tools.20 Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will youtake?I will vent the space and check the oxygen content.21 Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of theworkers in an enclosed space.(请说出进入封闭舱室需要的安全氧气含量)More than 18% and no more than 23%.(大于18%，小于23%)第二章机舱日常业务1 Please introduce one type of the main engineA two-stroke diesel engine or four-stroke diesel engine.二冲程柴油机四冲程柴油机2 Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled mainengine请介绍电控主机的燃油喷射过程The fuel oil is pumped into “ common rail” (共轨系统) then injected into the cylinder by an electronic control unit.3 Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engineThis kind of main engine can burn both natural gas(天然气) and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine.4 Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?Because the two-stroke engine can develop more power than a four-stroke engine of the same size.5Why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine more than oftwo-stroke engine？为什么四冲程发动机的换气质量比二冲程的要好？Because in the four –stroke engine there is an enough overlap between the airinlet valve opening and the exhaust valve closing.扫气口打开与排气口关闭之间的重叠充分。
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轮机英语会话评估口述参考答案第一章公共英语1. The engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS.1 机舱机舱是船的心脏。
它通常位于船底尾部。
在机舱，有很多机械和系统，例如主机，发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。
主机也叫做主推进装置，是最大和最重要的一个。
控制系统的最新的进步导致机舱长时间没有人。
那就是无人机舱。
2. The engine department.There are five engineers and four motormen in the engine department on board my ship. We usually do some maintenance and repair work to keep the ship in good order. We also do some work to keep the engine room tidy and clean, such as sweeping the floor, remove the oil spilled, marking the pipes and valves with special color, etc.Working on board ship is not an easy job, so people have to cooperate well. In the engine department we get well along with each other. We are standing together regardless of situation.2 轮机部在我们的船上有五个轮机员和四个机工。
我们通常在一些保养和修理工作去保持船正常。
我们也做一些工作去保持机舱整洁和干净，例如打扫地面，去除溢油，用特别的颜色标记管路和阀。
3. Self-introductionMy name is Yan li. I was born in 1980 in Da lian. I am unmarried but I have a beautiful girl friend. I am studying in hua yang marine school in 2008 in engineering management. I have been working on board as a motorman for about 5 years. There are three people in my family: my father my mother and I. I like play basketball and read some books .I love my family and my work. That’s all, Thanks.3自我介绍我的名字是严厉。
我在1980年出生在大连。
我未婚但有一个漂亮的女朋友。
我在2008年在华洋水运学校轮机专业学习。
我作为一个机工在船上工作了五年。
我家有三口人：我父亲，母亲和我。
我喜欢打篮球和读书。
我爱我的家庭和工作。
谢谢4. Your daily work on boardAs the engineer officer in charge of watch, my daily work on board is as follows: I shall ensure that the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear are in good order. The current operational parameters of all machinery should be observed, such as theexhaust gases temperature of main engine, the cylinder jacket outlet cooling water temperature and pressure etc. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. Any abnormal parameters in relation to the equipment should be paid attention.4 你在船上的日常工作作为一个值班的轮机员，我的日常工作如下：我将确保主推进装置，辅机和舵机正常。
所有机器当前的运行参数应当被观察，例如主机的排气温度，缸套出口的冷却水和压力等等。
在值班期间，必须立刻执行驾驶台的命令。
应当注意关于设备的任何异常的参数。
5. Watch-keeping in the engine roomWhen a ship is at sea, each engineer should keep a duty-watch for 4 hours. During his duty watch, the engineer makes some tour inspection of the engine room and put down all the figures into the engine room log book. He has to keep everything in good order. During watch, the bridge orders must be carried out right now. When his watch is finished, he should tell the relieving officer the present condition of the engine room before handing over the watch.5在机舱值班当船在海上的时候，每个轮机员应当值班四小时。
在他值班期间，轮机员要做一些机舱的巡视并记录所有的数据到机舱日志中。
他也必须确保一切正常。
当他完成值班，他应当在交班之前告诉接班人员机舱目前的状况。
6. Could you introduce yourself?My name is ……. I graduated from Dalian Maritime University in 1988 with a bachelor’s degree in marine engineering.6 你能介绍一下你自己么？我是——————。
我在1988年毕业于大连海事大学轮机专业第二章机舱日常事务1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. (See Fig.2-1 and Fig.2-2)The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) the combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for a gasoline engine is gas oil. 2) The diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil and air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug. 3) For diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder.1 请描述一下柴油机和汽油机的区别柴油机和汽油机的主要区别包括1）柴油机的燃烧介质是柴油或者燃油2）柴油机依靠高温高压的油气混合物的压缩点燃，但是汽油机依靠电火花塞点燃。
3）对于柴油机，空气和油在汽缸混合，然而汽油机，他们在汽缸外混合。
2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from ShanghaiMaritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?First, I will tell the cadet the importance the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can.2 小王是轮机部的实习生，毕业于上海海事大学。