上海海洋大学普通生态学试卷

上海海洋大学试卷

考生诚信考试承诺书

本人郑重承诺：

本人已阅读并且透彻地理解了“上海海洋大学学生考场规则”和“上海海洋大学学生违反校纪校规处理规定”，承诺在考试中自觉遵守，如有违反，按有关条款接受处理。

承诺人签名：

日期：

姓名：学号：专业班名：

一、Please explain the following terms (3 points each, 21 points totally). [名词

解释, 每个3分,共21分]

1、Liebig’s law of minimum

2、Shelford’s law of tolerance

3、law of effective temperature

innate capacity of increase (or intrinsic rate of increase)

5、ecological strategy

6、Climax

7、edge effect

二、Put the appropriate ecological terms into the Blank in order to make the sentence meaningful (one point each blank, 10 points totally). [填空题, 每空1

分，共10分]

1、According to the shape of age pyramid, it can be classified into three types, that is, 个人收集整理勿做商业用途

, , and .

2、The inter-specific relationship between lion and deer is . The interaction between penicillin and bacterium

is . Walnut quinone secreted by walnut can inhibit the growth of its surrounding plants, so the relationship between walnut and its surrounding plants belongs to .

3、, , and are the three functional groups that consist of ecosystem.

4、The types of natural selection include stabilizing selection, directional selection, .

三、True or false (two points each, 16 points totally). [是非题，每小题2分，共16

分]

1、( ) Organisms in the Tropical Zone（热带）are able to tolerate(耐受) much higher temperature than those in Temperate Zone（温带）and Frigid Zone（寒带）, so organisms in Tropical Zone are eurytherms (广温生物) while organisms in Temperate Zone are stenotherms (狭温生物).

2、( ) The inter-specific relationship between black carp (鳙鱼) and silver carp (鲢鱼) is mutualism.

3、( ) Species diversity (物种多样性) in Tropical Zone (热带地区) is lower than in Temperate Zone (温

带地区).

4、( ) Polyclimax hypothesis argue that the climax of a community is determined only by the climate.

5、( ) After a forest is logged by the way of clear cutting (皆伐) , there will occur secondary succession.

6、( ) Molecular ecology belongs to the research domain of classic ecology.

7、( ) The most plants belong to modular organism (构件生物).

8、( ) The interaction between termite and flagellate (鞭毛虫) in its intestine is commensalisms.

四、To make the right choice ( 11points totally) [选择题，第6、7、8小题各2分其余

每小题1分，共11分]

1、36．( ) is/are not the decomposer of the ecosystem

earthworm (蚯蚓) B. bacteria (细菌) C. fungus (真菌) D. green alga (绿藻)

2、The parasitizing bees lay eggs in the body of their parasitized insects, and will gradually kill the parasitized insects, so the relationship between them is ( )

A. parasitoidism(拟寄生)

B. parasitism (寄生)

C. amensalism (偏害作用)

D. commensalisms (偏利作用)

3、( ) belong(s) to r-strategist.