英语学考重点词汇及句型
中考英语重点短语及句型归纳
一、固定搭配：
1. put down 放下 shut down 把…关上 cut down 砍掉 come down下来、落下 slow down 减缓、放慢sit down 坐下 write down 写下 get down 下来,降落
2. after all 毕竟.终究 after that 然后 day after day 日复一日地
one after another 相继.挨次 soon/shortly after 不久以后 the day after tomorrow 后天
3. come up with 找到、提出 catch up with 赶上 wake up 弄醒、醒来
send up 发射 open up 开设、开办 grow up 长大
pick up 拾起、捡起 hands up 举手 eat up 吃光 put up cheer up
wash up clean up 打扫干净 give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事
4. arrive at/in + n. 到达 get to +n.到达 reach
+ n.到达 arrive / get +adv.到达
5. get…back 退还, 送回去.取回 give back=return 归还come/go back 回来/去
at the back of 在…的后面 on the way (back)home 在回家路上
6. at least/most 至少/多 at breakfast 早餐时 at
table 在吃饭 at once 立刻,马上
at school 在上学 at work 在工作 at the same time 同时 all at once突然
at present , at the moment =now 现在 at a time 一次，每次 at times(sometimes)有时,
be good at=do well in 善长 be clever at…be angry at sth. be surprised at…对……感到惊奇
look at, laugh at 嘲笑 smile at 对……微笑shout at 对……吼叫，knock at …, arrive at… not…at all 一点也不 at first 起初at last =in the end / finally 最后、终于
at night/midnight 在晚上/午夜 at noon 中午 at Christmas 在圣诞节
at the age of was…years old 在…岁时
at the beginning (of… ) at the end of 在…终点/末端/结束时
at the foot of在…脚下 at the top/bottom of…在……的（顶）底部
at any moment 任何时候at the doctor’s在医务室
example 例如 for sure确定 for ever 永远 for free 免费 for long=for a long time 长期
be good for 对…有益 be bad for对…有害, be famous for…, be late for…,
be ready for…,be sorry for…为……感到抱歉， be thirsty for…渴望……
be short for是…的简称TV is short for “television”. ask for…要求得到, look for, wait for,
search for…, care for…喜欢，关心，照顾,send for…派人去请， pay for…
8. come true 实现 come down 下来 come
from=be from 来自, 出生于
come in/into 进入,进来 come on 赶快 come over 过来come along 走吧,过来,快点
come up 上来 come up with…想出, come out 出来，出版，
(花)开，
come to an end结束, come to oneself (苏醒,恢复知觉), come into use(开始被使用)
9. even though=even if 即使、虽然、尽管 as if/as though 好像
10. be pleased/satisfied/happy with 对…感到满意
be busy with…, be strict with sb., be angry with sb.
be careful with…, be patient with… be familiar with…
be covered with 被…覆盖 be filled with…
be expected/allowed/required/asked to do sth.被期望/
允许/要求做某事
be made/ seen/ heard/ noticed to do sth. 被迫/看见/听
到/注意到做某事
be surprised /excited/ pleased to do sth. ,
be sorry/proud/willing/ready/ happy/glad/sure to do sth.
be proud of 以…自豪 be short of…缺乏……
be sure of…对……有把握， be fond of…喜欢, be tired of…对……厌倦
be full of… speak highly of 称赞 be afraid of害怕
hear of听说 (hear about / hear from sb.收到某人的来信) of course=certainly当然可以
plenty of= a lot of许多 a great deal of…大量 (修饰不可数名词)
the way 顺便问一下 by oneself 单独,独自 by the end of到…结束为止
by now到现在为止 by then by the year 2100=by 2100 by the time (引导时间状语从句) 到…的时候
one by one依次 day by day一天天地 step by step 逐步地 little by little 渐渐地
by air / plane 乘飞机 by bus / train / car 乘公共汽车/ 火车/轿车
(catch a bus赶公交车 get on / off the bus上/下车 take a bus to…=go to …by bus乘车去)
by mistake 由于差错 by accident 偶然 by and by 不久，后来
/ try one’s best(to do sth.)尽力 (做某事) do nothing but do …
do one’s homework做家庭作业 do one’s lessons 做功课 do Maths exercises
do (the/some) shopping 购物 do the cooking 烹饪
do some cleaning 打扫
do the / some washing洗衣服 do with sb / sth.处理 do some exercise锻炼
do a lot of research on… do a survey on… do a good job well done干得好
do harm to …. 对……有害 do good to …对……有好处 in the morning 一大早 in the early spring 初春
in my early days 我幼年时期 the early bus 早班车14. connect…to…把…与…连接起来 tie … to…
be close to 靠近 give birth to生(孩子) lose to sb 输给某人.
to one’s surprise 使人惊讶的是 to one’s joy 令人高兴的是 to tell the truth 说实话
…or…或者…或者.. on either side of the street 街道任何一边
(on each side of the street 街道每一边 on both sides of the street街道两边)
doing sth.不停地做某事 (表示状态继续) keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行) practise doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事finish doing sth.做完某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事 go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事) (go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事) go on with sth. 继续某事 ) continue doing (to do)…继续做 consider doing…考虑做 suggest doing…建议做……
can’t help/ stop doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事，禁不住做…… give up doing…
spend …doing…, feel like doing…, have fun/ a great time doing…, have difficulty doing…, be busy doing…, be interested in doing…, be fond of doing…, be good at doing…, be crazy about doing…, how /what about doing…, worry about doing sth. , thank sb. for doing…, instead of doing…, because of doing…, be used to doing…, pay attention to doing…, look forward to doing…,prefer doing…to doing…, devote…to doing…, put one’s effort into doing…, be worth doing…
17. go straight along/on 沿着…一直往前走 go down下降, go
up上升,
go through 经历，浏览 go by （时间）过去，经过 go over
复习 go in for 参加，从事
go for a walk/swim/picnic去散步/游泳/野餐, go wrong go mad/bad
go
shopping/swimming/skiing/skating/hiking/walking/sights eeing/boating,
go to the cinema/movie去看电影 go well进展顺利, go well with…与……相配
go off to 动身前往, go out外出;熄灭, go away go to work去上班,
go on a study trip go on holiday 休假 want a go 想
试一试
18. think about 考虑 (think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到 think over 仔细考虑 )
talk about 谈论, worry about 担心, How / What about……
怎么样
…from …从…借…. (lend…to…把…借给…)
from door to door 挨家挨户, from time to time 时而
from now on 从今以后 from then on 从那以后be different from与…不同 (be the same as…)
dressed 穿衣 get killed/married/hurt get / be lost 丢失
get into进入 get out of从…出来 get off / on下/上车 get in收割 get up get to…
get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处得好 get into trouble
get ready for +n.为…做准备; get ready to do sth.准备做某事 get used to…习惯于……
get / go to sleep (fall asleep) 入睡 (be asleep睡着) get warm 变暧 get well康复
get sb. sth.=get sth. for sb. get sb. to do sth.
21. look for 寻找 look at look after=take care of照看look like看起来像
look over 检查,复习 look out 小心,从里向外看
look the same 看起来一样
look up 向上看,查询, look down 俯视 look down
on/upon轻视，瞧不起
look around 环视 look back on…回顾 look forward to
期望 look through 浏览
22. set off 出发、动身 put off 推迟 keep off 避开、不靠近… drop off 放下(某物)
turn off 关 jump off 跳离, take off 脱(衣) (飞机)起飞 show off炫耀
see off 送别 fall off…从……掉下 get off, turn off， knock …off…
23. half a kilo 半千克 half an hour 半小时 in half 分成两半
half of the day 半天 a year and a half (one and a half years ) 一年半
24. do eye exercises 做眼保健操 do morning exercises 做早操
take (more) exercise (多)参加体育锻炼 an exercise book 练习本
25. take part in 参加 hand in 上交 in hospital/prison 住院 /坐牢
in surprise/fear 吃惊地 /害怕地 in the sun 在阳光下
in trouble/danger 处于困境/危险 in a minute / moment/while 马上 in a few years’ time=in a few years
几年以后
in the future in fact 实际上 in front of…, in time, in turn依次 , in order
in order to…为了 in a way 从某种意义上讲 in some/many ways, in other ways在其它方面
in this way 用这种方法 in a word 总而言之 in other words 换句话说 in all 总共，共计
in a hurry 匆忙 in space 在太空 in and out of class 在课内课外
in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分钟里 in the past few/twenty years
in one’s opinion依照某人的看法，在某人看来 in one’s fifties在某人50多岁时
in the first/ second half 在上/下半场 in good/poor health in public in service/use
in the air/sky 在空中 in the open air 在户外 in a mess 杂乱
in the form of…以……的形式, in the habit of…有……的习惯
26. leave for…动身去某地 leave…for…离开……去……
27 feed on 以…为主食 base on 以…为根据 carry on 坚
持、继续下去
walk /move on 继续走/移动 depend on…依靠…… work on 从事于 look down on…
turn on (the radio/computer/light/tap/ gas ) put on 穿上，上演 get on (well) with…
and so on 等等 on the other hand 另一方面 on the other side of… on foot 步行
on earth究竟 on the way to… , on Sundays, on the morning/afternoon/evening/night of May 1
on the radio/telephone , on business on duty on holiday on time on top of…
28. be famous for 以..著名 be excited about +n./V-ing 对…感到兴奋
be interested in 对…感兴趣 be born出生 be busy with sth.— be busy doing sth. 忙于… be
amazed/surprised at 对..感到惊讶
29. move away 移开 move to (搬)移到 move house move out of … move into…
30. search the Internet上网 search…for…., search for
sth.
31. make sure 确信 make a dialogue 编对话 make a mistake 犯错误
make a noise 吵闹 make faces 做鬼脸 make friends (with) 和..交朋友 make room/space for 给..让地方 make a living,(谋生) make tea 沏茶 make money 赚钱 make an excuse, make a decision作出决定make a suggestion, make (great) progress in…在……取得（巨大）的进步, make a speech, make a promise, make the bed, make notes on…
make a great difference to…, make (good) use of…, make fun of… ,
make a contribution to (doing)sth. 为……作贡献
make a telephone call to sb. /ring sb. up /give sb. a call /phone/call/telephone sb. 给某人打电话
to do sth 过去常常做某事 get/ be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
33. leave sth+介词短语“把……忘记在某处”
34.动词不定式做宾语：
would
like/want/hope/wish/prefer/decide/plan/begin/start/cho ose/prepare/agree/ continue/ volunteer/ promise/ offer/ afford/ fail/refuse/expect/ manage to do s th.
动词不定式做宾语补足语：
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
want/would like/ need/ require/ expect/ invite/ encourage/ order/ tell/ ask/ warn/ advise/ promise/ remind/ teach/ allow sb. to do sth.
含有不定式的短语
have no choice but to do sth. do/try on e’s best to do sth. do what/all sb. can to do sth.
can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事
不带to的不定式短语：
do nothing but do sth. had better(not) do sth. can’t do… but do…,would rather do…than do…, prefer to do…rather than do…,Why not do… Would you (please)(not) do…
一“感”，二“听”，三“让”，四“看”
feel/listen to/ hear/ make/have/let/ see/ watch/ look at/
notice sb.do sth.
改为被动语态要加to：be made/ seen/ heard to do sth.
注意区别下列短语：
try to do…/ try doing…; forget/remember to do/doing…, stop to do/ doing…; mean to do/doing…; go on to
do/doing…/ be afraid of doing…/ be afraid to do…
35.区别hear sb. do (doing)sth. 听见某人（正）做某事watch /see/ notice sb. do/ doing sth.
sb. (to) do sth .with sth. 帮助某人做某事with one’s help在某人的帮助下
with the help of… with pleasure 乐意 with
joy/excitement
(computer)games, play hide-and-seek, play sports, play a joke/trick on sb., play with…,
play chess/ cards/
volleyball/football/badminton/tennis/table tennis, play the piano/violin/guitar
play ball games, play the role of…, play an important role in…
into 走进 pour into 倒入… walk into get into
move into
39. for the first time 第一次 at first起初 first of all 首先
40. leave a message for sb. 给某人留条 give sb. a message take a message for sb.给某人捎口信 pass on a message for/ to sb. 替某人传口信/ 传口信给某人
41. take photos / pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out 取出 take...out of...
take off 脱下，起飞 take up开始，从事，占据 take down take in 吸收
take care 当心 take care of take medicine 服药 take one’s temperature量体温
take it easy 别紧张，放轻松 take a walk/rest/seat 散步/休息/就座 take a look
take a bath/shower take place 发生 take part in…take action to do sth.,
take turns to do sth.轮流做某事 take a bus/train/plane, take an interest in...
take exercise 锻炼 take (a) pride in… take one’s advice 接受某人建议
42. learn by oneself / teach oneself 自学 learn by heart 背熟，背诵
learn from…向……学习 learn…from…向……学习…… , learn about…了解，知道
43. be interested in…, be weak in…在……薄弱, be rich in…在……富有，be strict in sth.,
be experienced in…在……有经验， be different in…在……方面不同
44. have a try 尝试,努力（try out 尝试、试验, try on
试穿） find out 找出,查明
have a good / wonderful / great / fantastic/ time 玩得开心 have fun doing sth.
have a (bad) cold/headache/toothache/cough/fever (重)感冒/头疼/牙疼/咳嗽/发烧
have a meeting / walk / watch/ talk /chat 开会/散步/比赛/谈话/聊天
have sports 进行体育活动 have nothing /something to do with 与..无(有)关
have no idea 不知道 have a rest/ break/
discussion/bath/shower
have lunch/breakfast/supper/dinner have no choice but to do sth.
have to do sth. have on 穿着 have problems/ trouble/ difficulty with sth./ (in)doing…
have an interview with sb. have a fight with sb. /have
a quarrel with sb.
45. 可以跟双宾语的动词： offer sb sth. 提供某人某物offer sth. to sb.
promise/lend/give/show/bring/ send/pass/ hand, return/ write / teach/ tell sb. sth.(sth. to sb.)
buy/ make/ sing/ draw/ get/ cook/ post sb. sth. (sth. for sb.)
the first prize 获一等奖 win an award for… win the game lose the game
beat sb./the team
47. all over the world= around the world =throughout the world 全世界
48. all kinds of 各种各样的 many kinds of… a
kind/type/sort of
It’s kind of sb. to do sth. be kind to do sth.
49. be polite/rude to sb., be kind to…, be cruel to…, be harmful to…, be friendly to…,
be valuable to…=be of value to… be useful to…=be of use to… be helpful to…
50. neither… nor 既不…也不…. not only … but also …不但…而且 ,
either… or…要么……要么……， both… and ……和…都；既……又……
51. fall behind落后 fall into…, fall in love with sb., fall down跌倒, fall over绊倒, fall off…
fall asleep 入睡 fall ill生病，病倒
52. all one’s li fe 一生 during one’s lifetime
53. as soon as 一…就… as soon as possible尽快 as well = too 也 as well as
as much as 差不多，多达 as little as 至少 as long as 只要 as if/though 好像
regard …as 把…当作… = look on…as 把……看作
as a result 因此 as a result of…由于，作为……的结果 as usual照例，像往常一样
54. no matter 无论…，不管 no matter what/ who/ where/
when/how…
no wonder…难怪，怪不得 no more no longer no problem
no more than不过，仅仅 no less than 不少于，多达55 ever since 从那以后,此后一直现在完成时+ (ever) since +过去时.
far 到目前为止 so that 以便 so as to…为的是，以便so many/much or so大约
57. another two hours (=two more hours ) 又(再) 2个小时
58. once/ twice/ three times a week 一周一/两/三次用how often 提问
59. the number of …的数量 a (large / great) number of / large numbers of 许多……
than 少于 less and less 越来越少 more than = over 多于,超过 more and more
more or less = about 或多或少，大约
way to…, the answer to…, the visit/trip/journey to …, the key to…, the guide to…
62. not…until/till…直到…才……until/till…直到……为止
英语词汇学考试重点整理
Explain the following terms 一1) free morpheme/ A free morpheme is one that can be uttered发出，表达alone with meaning. It can exist on its own without a bound morpheme. In the traditional sense, a free morpheme is a word. 例如hand ,eat, get 2) bound form/never used as sentences. – ess in countess, lioness and duchess –ish in boyish, childish and greenish –s in hats, books and cups 3) function words/ function words are often short words, they do not have much lexical meaning and some of them have no lexical meaning of their own; They are often short words such as determiners限定词, conjunctions连词, prepositions介词, auxiliaries辅助物, and so forth. 如to, the , of , by 4) content words实词/ They are used to name objects, qualities, actions, processes or states, and have independent lexical meaning. They are the nouns, main verbs, adjectives形容词and adverbs副词of a language. 二1) syntheti c综合的language / inflectional grammatical markers, French, German and Russian. 2) analytic language/word order, prepositions or auxiliary verbs , English and Chinese 3) Indo-European family of languages/ Europe and parts of Southern Asia Eight groups 三1) morphemes /The morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible可分的or analyzable into smaller forms. 2) allomorphs/variants变体of the same morphem如im-, ir-, il- : allomorphs of the morpheme in- 3) root / is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word. work able, work er, work ed, and work ing 4) stem /A stem is of concern only when dealing with inflectional morphology. Inflectional (but not derivational) affixes are added to it. It is the part of word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. 如undesirables, undesirable; desired, desire 5) base / A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Desirable, desire - base and root, not stem; undesirable, desirable-base, not root and stem 6) inflectional affixes/A inflectional affix serves to express such meanings as plurality复数, tense, and the comparative比较的or superlative 最高的degree. 如-s, -ed, -er, -est 7) derivational affixes / When they are added to another morpheme, they derive a new word. re+write, mini+car, super+market, modern+ize, work+er 8) compounding 复合法/Compounding is a word-formation process consisting of combining two or more bases to form a compound word 9) derivation 派生法/Derivation or affixation is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix or a suffix or both to the base 10) conversion 转化法/Conversion is a word-formation process in which a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. 11) initialism/It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase. 12) acronym首字母缩略词/Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term, etc. Acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. 13) blending拼缀/Blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by
初中英语常考重点句型、短语集锦
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1、选择题（2 ×15=30） 2、填空题（2×5=10 ） 3、搭配题(1×10=10) 4、名词解释题(4×5=20) 5、问题回答(5×3=15) 6、论述题(第39题7分，第40题8分) 选择题： 1. Which of the following is an initialism ? D. UN 2. The following are all nominal suffixes EXCEPT A. –ful . 3．Both English and B. Danish belong to the Germantic branch of the Indo-European language family. 4.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatik relationships are known as C. inflectional morphemes. 5.Motiation accounts for the connection between word-form and C.its meaning. 6.Ambiguity often arises due to polysemy and C.homonymy. 7.Affixes attached to other morphemes to create new words are known as B .derivational affixes. 8.The semantic unity of idioms is reflected in the A.illogical relationship between the literal meaning of each word and the meaning of the idiom as in rain cats and dogs. https://www.360docs.net/doc/9213106645.html,ually a small number of languages have been designated official languages for an organization’s activities ,for example, the UN was established with five official languages English, French, A.Spanish Russian, and Chinese.中英俄法西
中考英语必备考试句型句及例句
一、常考重点句型： 1. be ＋ afraid of doing / to do /that从句 2. be ＋ busy doing sth./ with sth. 3. be ＋ famous / late /ready / sorry +for sth. 4. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth. 5. ask / tell /want sb. (not) to do sth. 6. give/ buy/ lend/ sb. sth. 7. tell/ ask sb. how to do sth. 8. It’s time +for sb. to do sth. 9. It’s ＋形容词＋for/of sb. to do sth. 10. would rather do... 11. had better do sth. 12. It’s ＋better/ best to do sth. 13. enjoy/ finish/ practice/ mind/feel like ＋ doing sth. 14. stop ＋to do (doing) sth. 15. keep/ stop/ prevent sb. from ＋doing sth. 16. prefer ＋宾语＋to ＋宾语 17. used to do sth. 18. be/get/become ＋used to ＋doing sth. 19. 含有too ... to do sth.结构的句型 20. 含有so...that的句型 21. It ＋takes/took ＋sb. ＋to do sth. 22．spend ＋名词＋on sth./ doing sth. 23. see/ hear/ watch sb. do/doing sth. 24. What’s wrong / the matter with ＋sb./ sth. 25. Thanks for + doing sth. 26．.. What/ How about ＋doing sth. 27. Let’s do... 28. The ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语，the ＋形容词/副词的比较级＋主语＋谓语 29. 表示比较的三个句型 30. sth. /sb. be (am, is, are) three meters long (wide, high, tall...) 某物/某人有三米长 /宽/高…… 31. It’s two years / has been two years +since 从句 32. both...and...连接主语的句型 33. neither ...nor... 连接主语的句型