英汉翻译——郭沫若
The Introduction of Guo Moruo郭沫若英文介绍

william wordsworth
有如群星在银河 形影面面光灼灼 湖畔蜿蜒花径长 连成一线无断续 一瞥之中万朵花 起舞蹁蹁点头啄
Байду номын сангаас
读者可以真切地感受到如原诗般流露出的活泼、流畅的韵味。“continuous”译
成“形影绵绵”,“shine and twinkle”译成“光灼灼”,一静一动,传达出深 远的意境。“They stretched in never-ending line/A long the margin of a bay”译成“湖畔蜿蜒花径长,连成一线无断续”。
THE DAFFODILS
Continuous
as the stars that shine And twinkle on the Milky Way They stretched in never-ending line A long the margin of a bay Ten thousand saw 1 aat a glance Tossing their heads sprightly dance
达(expressiveness):通顺,流畅 雅(elegance):优雅,美好
简单地说,即:忠实,通顺,美好
郭沫若对雪莱的诗歌有着高深精湛的研究。
他认为,雪莱的诗便是他的生命,他的生命 便是一首绝妙的好诗。因此,翻译雪莱的诗,
要抓住雪莱的“诗心”和“诗风”,译者和
作者要“心声共鸣。心声交感,合二为一”
Free
translation Graceful translation Resonance theory Faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance
在具体的翻译方法上,郭沫若主张“意译”和“风韵译”;共鸣
郭沫若翻译思想与作品评析

George William Russell --Irelandpoet and painter. birthed in 1867, died in 1935.Pen name AE from Greek AEon(forever),him to once actively attend literature renew in Ireland movement in the beginning of 19 centuries. Pleased read thatGreecephilosopher Plato, American philosopher and poet Emerson etc work, and under the influence of them,
In what furnace was thy brain?
What the anvil? what dread grasp
Dare its deadly terrors clasp?
When the stars threw down their spears,
And watered heaven with their tears,
灭却彼玄妙。
-
爱情与生命,
大限终难逃,
天君冥冥中,
唯一次依靠。
-
艾.野—爱尔兰诗人及画家。生于1867年,卒于1935年。本名乔治.威廉.罗索(George William Russell),笔名AE亦作A。E,取自希腊语AEon(永恒)。他曾积极参加十九世纪初的爱尔兰文艺复兴运动。喜读希腊哲学家柏拉图、美国哲学家及诗人爱默生、英国诗人布莱克、美国诗人惠特曼等作品,并受他们的影响,他热爱祖国,致力于改革爱尔兰农村生活,同时又是泛神论的神秘主义者。他的诗简洁明彻,和叶芝一起被誉为爱尔兰诗坛的双壁。
英汉翻译——郭沫若

议贯其文,情满其篇
郭沫若笔下的散文,不仅很好的继承了古今中外优秀散 文作家的这一传统,而且他还把议论和抒情这两种表现手 段的功能大大地向前推进了一步,使他的散文作品达到了 写人叙事即议、写景状物即情的程度。 感情纯真而自然的流露,是郭沫若散文的又一大特色。 郭沫若的抒情散文,有的是对故乡自然风光的描绘,有的是 对祖国山河的抒情,有的是对慈母的情思,有的是对挚友的 怀念,有的是对中华优秀儿女的赞颂,有的是对战地的缅怀, 有的是对现实的感慨。郭沫若的故乡是个山清水秀的地方, 所谓‚绥山毓秀,沫水钟灵‛。
《路畔的蔷薇》 Wayside Roses
清晨往松林里去散步,我在林荫路畔发见了一 束被遗弃了的蔷薇。蔷薇的花色还是鲜艳的,一 朵紫红,一朵嫩红,一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着 几分血晕。 Rambling through a pine forest early in the morning, I came across a bunch of forsaken roses lying by the shady wayside. They were still fresh in color. One was purplish-red, another pink, still another a sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood-red.
Forsake: 抛弃,遗弃,离开。与abandon 和desert相比较,其文学色彩较重 。 ‚一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着几分血晕‛ 译为a sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood-red,其中sickly作 ‚病态的‛解。又,ivory-yellow和 blood-red的结构都是‚实物颜色词+基本 颜色词‛,为英语颜色词的常见形式。
英汉翻译中的“咬文嚼字”

英汉翻译中的“咬文嚼字”作者:翁金蔡莉娟来源:《文教资料》2015年第13期摘 ; ;要:英国哲学家培根在《论读书》中将读书划分为三层境界:可浅尝、可吞食、可咀嚼,英汉翻译也可同等分为这三层境界,“咬文嚼字”就是最后一层“咀嚼”的境界,对于语言学习起着重要的辅助作用。
那么在英语语言学习过程中,如何将英语语言文字理解的重要性体现出来,是否可以运用“咬文嚼字”这一种本属于汉语言文字的钻研手段。
本文对这两个问题进行解答,并且重点研究在英汉翻译过程中对英汉文字的个体——“字”的处理方法。
通过对英语词汇、短语的分析,从语境、语义着手,将英语语言文字通过汉语言文字(即翻译)的表达形式,让读者能对英汉翻译基本形成“咬文嚼字”的概念,培养好习惯,让英语语言学习达到第三层境界。
关键词:咬文嚼字 ; ;英汉翻译 ; ;英语语言学习 ; ;词汇学郭沫若先生的剧本《屈原》里婵娟骂宋玉说:“你是没有骨气的文人!”上演时,他自己在台下听,嫌这话不够味,想在“没有骨气的”后面加“无耻的”三个字。
一位演员提醒他把“是”改为“这”,“你这没有骨气的文人!”就够味了,他觉得这字改得很恰当。
他研究这两种语法的强弱不同,“你是什么”只是单纯的叙述语,没有更多的意义,有时或许竟会“不是”;“你这什么”便是坚决的判断,而且必须有附带语省略了。
根据这种见解,他把另一文里“你有革命家的风度”一句话改为“你这革命家的风度”(摘录于朱光潜《咬文嚼字》)。
这是经典的一段炼字的例子。
若要仔细研究这其中炼字的妙处,则不是本文的重点。
本文将要研究的是英汉翻译中的“咬文嚼字”,也就是说,先把郭沫若先生的剧本翻译成英文,再抠英文中的字眼,通过汉语把英文字眼中的内涵表达出来。
一、“咬文嚼字”与“英语词汇学”(一)“咬文嚼字”的相关概念新华字典中收录的“咬文嚼字”解释为:形容过分地斟酌字句,多指死抠字眼而不注意精神实质。
听这解释,“咬文嚼字”这个词是一个贬义词。
英语翻译赏析

2)前面说过,张培基先生追求的是再现 原文的神韵,所以张先生在翻译时始终是 站在全局的高度上,透彻理解原文,增益 和删略恰倒好处,使原文潜层语意得到充 分演绎。再看两例:
例2: 这尊塑像站了几百年了,他觉得这是一种苦役。 (艾青《偶像的话》)
译文: Having stood the statue had
赏析:原文中"一朵……一朵……一朵"是一个排比结构,并列关系,而张培基 先生却把它处理为one … another … still another 这种递进结构,使译文更接 近"英式思维",更地道。此外,张先生对几个颜色词的处理也恰倒好处。"Sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood red" 中两个颜色词组搭配得珠联璧合, 这样,一朵虽然纤弱但对生命仍然执着的蔷薇花便跃然纸上。
赏析:“叶”的涵义是“落叶”,译为fallen leaf; “大约”只不过是一个口头 语,起到舒缓语气的作用,并不是真正意义上的“差不多,可能但不确定”所 以该词可以不必译出; “遥想”这个词的含义已被前文的ancient saying表 达出来了,所以翻译时也可以删略; more than enough是增益成分,准 确表达出了"人们一看见一片落叶就知道秋天已经来临了"的肯定的口气。
译文: It had been snowing all night, not a single star in sight.
点击添加文本
点击添加文本
赏析 :译文似乎比原文还"雅",s押头韵,night与sight押脚韵,音韵美尽显 其中,充分体现了译者的美学思想。
4)幽默与诙谐是一种建立在一定文化基础上 的语言艺术。但是在做翻译时,很多译者在这 点击添加文本 方面都有一定的局限性。相比之下,张培基先 点击添加文本 生则技高一筹。下面是个实例:
郭沫若母爱英文版

郭沫若母爱英文版The Boundless Love of Mother: A Tribute to Guo MoruoGuo Moruo, a renowned Chinese poet, playwright, and historian, once said, "A mother's love is the most sacred of all loves." This sentiment resonates profoundly, for a mother's love is indeed a force that transcends time and space, a bond that defies all boundaries. In the life of Guo Moruo, the unwavering love of his mother played a pivotal role in shaping the man he became.Guo Moruo's mother, Madame Sun, was a woman of remarkable strength and resilience. Born into a prominent family, she faced a life of hardship and adversity from a young age. As a child, she witnessed the upheaval of the Taiping Rebellion, a violent civil war that ravaged much of China. Forced to flee her home, she endured the harsh realities of life on the road, yet her spirit remained unbroken.In the face of such challenges, Madame Sun's dedication to her family only grew stronger. She instilled in her children the values of perseverance, humility, and a deep appreciation for education. Guo Moruo, the youngest of her four children, was the recipient of herunwavering love and guidance.From a tender age, Guo Moruo was captivated by his mother's unwavering commitment to the family. He observed her tireless efforts to provide for her children, working tirelessly to ensure they had the resources they needed to thrive. Whether it was mending their clothes, preparing nourishing meals, or encouraging their academic pursuits, Madame Sun's devotion knew no bounds.As Guo Moruo grew older, he came to understand the true depth of his mother's love. In times of hardship and uncertainty, she was a pillar of strength, offering solace and comfort with her warm embrace and soothing words. Her unwavering faith in her children's abilities inspired them to reach for their dreams, propelling them towards a future filled with endless possibilities.Guo Moruo's own accomplishments, which spanned a wide range of disciplines, can be seen as a testament to the transformative power of his mother's love. Her unwavering belief in him fueled his passion for learning and drove him to push the boundaries of his own potential. Whether he was immersed in the world of poetry, delving into the intricacies of history, or exploring the realms of philosophy, Guo Moruo carried with him the indelible imprint of his mother's love.One of the most poignant expressions of Guo Moruo's gratitude towards his mother can be found in his poem "Mother." In this heartfelt tribute, he writes, "Mother you are the source of all life / Your love is the light that guides my way." These powerful words encapsulate the depth of his reverence and the profound impact Madame Sun had on his life.Throughout his illustrious career, Guo Moruo remained ever mindful of the sacrifices his mother had made for him and his siblings. He understood that her love was not merely a sentiment, but a transformative force that had shaped the very fabric of his being. It was this understanding that drove him to honor his mother's memory, to live a life that would make her proud.In the twilight of his life, Guo Moruo reflected on the enduring legacy of his mother's love. He realized that her influence had transcended the boundaries of their family, touching the lives of countless others who had been inspired by his own achievements. In a sense, Madame Sun's love had become a beacon, guiding not just her own children, but generations of individuals who aspired to follow in Guo Moruo's footsteps.The story of Guo Moruo and his mother's love is a testament to the power of the maternal bond. It is a reminder that even in the face of immense challenges, the love of a mother can be a transformativeforce, shaping the lives of those it touches and leaving an indelible mark on the world. As we honor the memory of Guo Moruo, let us also pay tribute to the countless mothers whose unwavering love has the power to inspire, to heal, and to pave the way for a better tomorrow.。
高考英语美文赏析: 郭沫若《杜鹃》

郭沫若Guo Moruo《杜鹃》The cuckoo| 译文摘自张培基《英译中国散文选二》杜鹃,敝同乡的魂,在文学上所占的地位,恐怕任何鸟都比不上。
我们一提起杜鹃,心头眼底便好像有说不尽的诗意。
The cuckoo, the spirit of my native place Sichuan, is probably holding a higher place in Chinese literature than any other bird. The mere mention of this bird will arouse in our hearts a great deal of poetic feeling.要点:1,“敝同乡的魂”中的“敝”意为“我的”,是一种谦称,“敝同乡的魂”意即“我们同乡的魂”,但这样容易造成误解(同乡的魂,想想就好可怕),因此按“故乡四川的魂”理解,译为the spirit of my native place Sichuan.2,“……都比不上”译为比较级+than any other.3,“我们一提起杜鹃,心头眼底便好像有说不尽的诗意”译为The mere mention of this bird will arouse in our hearts a great deal of poetic feeling. 此处又出现了“the + 抽象名词+of”来代替动词,便于下文衔接。
综述:注意第三点,将动词译为抽象名词结构多是为了串句子的需要,这种情况在《背影》一文中出现多次。
它本身不用说,已经是望帝的化身了。
有时又被认为薄命的佳人,忧国的志士;声是满腹乡思,血是遍山踯躅;可怜,哀惋,纯洁,至诚……在人们的心目中成为了爱的象征。
这爱的象征似乎已经成为了民族的感情。
To begin with, she is the incarnation of the legendary king of ancient Sichuan named Wang Di. She has come to be known sometimes as an ill-fated beauty and sometimes as a patriot concerned over the fate of the nation. Her call is full of longings for home; she loiters about the mountains crying and spitting up blood. She pathetic, sad, pure and sincere … She is in the eyes of all a symbol of love, which seems to have become a national feeling.要点:1,“望帝”是我国古代传说中的蜀国国王,故译为the legendary king of ancient Sichuan named Wang Di.属于释义性翻译。
大师经典英汉互译

大师经典英汉互译 15 句1相聚有时,后会无期Sometimes ever,sometimes never.2 In me the tiger sniffs the rose.余光中先生译:心有猛虎,细嗅蔷薇。
3 Let life be beautiful like summer flowersand death like autumn leaves.郑振铎译为“使生如夏花之绚烂,死如秋叶之静美”。
4 金岳霖有次碰到一句成语“吃一堑,长一智”,不知怎么翻译是好,便请教钱钟书。
钟书几乎不假思索地脱口而出道:A fall into pit,A gain in your wit.5 千山鸟飞绝,万径人踪灭。
——《江雪》From hill to hill no bird in flight,from path to path no men in sight.(许渊冲译)6昔我往矣,杨柳依依。
今我来思,雨雪霏霏。
行道迟迟,载饥载渴。
我心伤悲,莫知我哀!When I left here,Willows shed tear.I come back now,Snow bends the bough.Long, long the way,Hard, hard the day,My grief o'erflows.Who knows? Who knows?7Firenze翡冷翠(徐志摩译)比通用译名“佛罗伦萨”简洁、有韵味得多而且完全符合意大利语发音Fontainebleau枫丹白露(朱自清译)巴黎南边的一个并不出名的小镇,在中国却人气很高,朱先生的译名功不可没。
其他有异曲同工之妙的例子还有香榭丽舍—les Champs-Élysées苏黎世—Zurich丹纳丽芙—Tenerife梨花古逊—Leverkusen天鹅海—Swansea琉森—Luzern满山秋色—Massachusetts都灵—Torino8shiseido—资生堂中文译名取自《易经》“至哉坤元,万物资生。
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‚清晨往松林里去散步‛译为Rambling through
a pine forest early in the morning.
Ramble: to walk for pleasure, especially in the countryside 漫游,漫步,闲逛(wander: to walk slowly around or to a place, often without any particular sense of purpose or direction 徘徊,流浪,漂泊)
昨晚上甜蜜的私语,今朝的冷清的露 珠……
Last night’s whispers of love; this morning’s drops of cold dew…
‚昨晚上甜蜜的私语,今朝的冷清的露珠……‛ 译为Last night’s whispers of love; this morning’s drops of cold dew…,两个英语并 列词组,在用词结构上前后完全对称,与原文形 似,并与原文有同样的言外之意。又,‚昨晚‛ 在这里虽指过去的过去,但仍译为last night, 不译为the previous night,以求语言生动,这 是英语中常见的灵活用法。此外,译者用了‚增 益‛‚删略‛互补的手法,译出了文中所‚无‛, 如‚love‛;又割舍了文中所‚有‛,如‚甜蜜 的‛,在潜层语义上实现了更完美的‚统一‛。 形似,神似
Works Appreciation
《路畔的蔷薇》 Wayside Roses
《白 发》 The White Hair 《水墨画》 An Inkwash Painting 译作翻译技巧
《路畔的蔷薇》
清晨往松林里去散步,我在林荫路畔发见了一束被遗弃 了的蔷薇。蔷薇的花色还是鲜艳的,一朵紫红,一朵嫩红, 一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着几分血晕。 我把蔷薇拾在手里了。 青翠的叶上已经凝集着细密的露珠,这显然是昨夜被除 人遗弃了的。 这是可怜的少女受了薄幸的男子的欺绐?还是不幸的青 年受了轻狂的的妇人的玩弄? 昨晚上甜蜜的私语,今朝的冷清的露珠…… 我把蔷薇拿到家里来了,我想找个花瓶来供养它。 花瓶我没有,我在一只墙角上寻了一个断了颈子的盛酒 的土瓶。 ——蔷薇哟,我虽然不能供养你以春酒,但我要供养你 以清洁的流泉, 清洁的素心。你在这破土瓶中虽然不免要 凄凄寂寂地飘零,但比遗弃在路旁被人践踏了的好罢?
这是可怜的少女受了薄幸的男子的欺绐? 还是不幸的青年受了轻狂的的妇人的玩弄? Were they pitiful maidens deflowered by fickle men? Or were they unlucky young men fooled by frivolous women?
‘‘这是可怜的少女受了薄幸的男子的欺绐?还
是不幸的青年受了轻狂的的妇人的玩弄?‛译成 ‚ Were they pitiful maidens
deflowered by fickle men? Or were they unlucky young men fooled by frivolous women? ‛注意其中个别词的译 法。 Fickle:指人反复无常的;在此译成‚薄 幸的‛ ‚欺绐‛意同‚欺骗‛,文中内涵是‚糟 蹋‛、‚玷污‛等,故用deflowered Frivolous:多用于指因人的行为不合适而 显得可笑,轻狂。
语言丰富,诗意浓浓 郭沫若散文的语言生动活泼、丰富多采 , 有些读来 ‚铁骑突出刀枪鸣‛, 有些读来‚凄凄惨惨戚戚‛;有的 畅如流水 , 有的幽如古径 , 有的大处着墨 , 有的小处 着眼 。这种多样化的语言风格 , 增强了郭沫若散文的打 动人心的魅力。他曾在《怎样运用文学的语言》中说: ‚最好要简洁 , 和谐 ,熨贴 , 自然。任何一种对象 , 无论是客观的景物或主观的情绪 , 要能够用最经济的语 言把它表达得出。语言除掉意义之外 , 应该要追求它的 色彩、声调、感触。‛ 结构散活 ,笔法自由 郭沫若的散文内容丰富 , 热情奔放 , 一般不以严谨见 长 , 结构较为松动 , 他在抒情、记事、述怀时 , 有时 将话题扯得较远;有些内容看起来与主题关系也不密切; 在材料的组合上具有较大的跳跃性。但纵观全文又并非松 松垮垮、散乱无章 , 仍然注意讲究构思 , 做到散中有 序 , 放得开而又收得拢 , 这正是所谓‚形‛ 散而‚神‛ 不散的艺术。 BACK
我把蔷薇拿到家里来了,‖我想找个花 瓶来供养它。 I brought the roses home and tried to find a flower vase to keep them in.
合句法
花瓶我没有,我在一只墙角上寻了一个断了颈子的盛酒 的土瓶。 Flower vase I had none, but I did find in a nook of my room an empty earthen wine bottle with its neck broken.
Forsake: 抛弃,遗弃,离开。与abandon 和desert相比较,其文学色彩较重 。 ‚一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着几分血晕‛ 译为a sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood-red,其中sickly作 ‚病态的‛解。又,ivory-yellow和 blood-red的结构都是‚实物颜色词+基本 颜色词‛,为英语颜色词的常见形式。
郭沫若
笔落惊风雨 文成泣鬼神
Brief Introduction
Prose Styles
Works Appreciation
Chinese scholar A leading Chinese literary figure of 20th-century As a writer, he was enormously prolific in every genre including poetry,fiction, plays, nine autobiographical volumes, and numerous translation. “The Chinese Goethe ”
我把蔷薇拾在手里了。 青翠的叶上已经凝集着细密的露珠,‖ 这显然是昨夜被除人遗弃了的。 I picked them up in my hand. The numerous fine dewdrops on the fresh green leaves clearly showed that the roses had just been cast away the previous night. 合句法
☆ 郭沫若的生平著述收有
☆郭沫若在中国现代文学史
上和中国历史学,考古学 等领域享有崇高的地位。 他是继鲁迅之后,中国文 化战线上又一面光辉的旗 帜。许多作品已被译成日、 俄、英、德、意、法等多 种文字。
《郭沫若文集》(17卷) 和《郭沫若全集》。一生 主要文学著作有:诗集 《女神》《星空》《瓶》 《前茅》《恢复》《蜩螗 集》《战声集》等;散文 《我的幼年》《反正前后》 《创造十年》《北伐途次》 《沸羹集》等;戏剧《三 个叛逆的女性》《屈原》 《虎符》《棠棣之花》 《高渐离》《蔡文姬》 《武则天》等;另有《沫 若诗词选》及翻译歌德的 《浮士德》等。人民文学 出版社出版有《郭沫若全 集》。 ☆ 1978年6月12日,郭沫若 在北京逝世,终年86岁。
生平简介
☆郭沫若(1892~1978),原名郭开贞,四川乐山人。中 国现代著名学者、文学家、历史学家、古文字学家、社会 活动家。1958年9月至1978年6月任中国科技大学首任校长。 ☆1914年春赴日本留学,先学医,后从文。这个时期接 触了泰戈尔、歌德、莎士比亚、惠特曼等外国作家的作品。 ☆1918年春写的《牧羊哀话》是他的第一篇小说。1918 年初夏写的《死的诱惑》是他最早的诗。 ☆1919年五四运动爆发,他在日本福冈发起组织救国团 体夏社,投身于新文化运动,写出了《凤凰涅磐》《地球, 我的母亲》《炉中煤》等诗篇。 代表作诗集《女神》 (1921年出版)摆脱了中国传统诗歌的束缚,反映了‚五 四‛时代精神,在中国文学史上开拓了新一代诗风。 ☆1921年6月,他和成仿吾、郁达夫等人组织创造社,编 辑《创造季刊》,并出版第一部诗集《女神》。
★婚姻 在郭沫若(1892-1978)的人生旅程中,有三位女性曾 以婚姻关系伴随过他——张琼华、郭安娜和于立群。她们 构成了郭沫若婚恋生活的三个最重要的支柱。在漫漫人生 路上,她们与郭沫若在情感上有说不清的恩恩怨怨,道不 尽的纠葛思念,诉不完的离合悲欢…… 她们影响了郭沫若的性格和命运,更影响了郭沫若的一 切文学创作活动文学创作风格,在郭沫若的诗歌、小说和 戏剧中,女性永远是最重要的源泉…… 1924年3月,郭沫若完成了他早期的自传体小说《漂流 三部曲》。小说分‚歧路‛、‚炼狱‛和‚十字架‛三个 部分,而郭沫若后来所经历的恋恋红尘恰恰印证了他在人 生路上经历的‚歧路‛、‚炼狱‛ 和‚十字架‛三个过 程,也是他爱情和创作的‚三部曲‛……
《路畔的蔷薇》 Wayside Roses
清晨往松林里去散步,我在林荫路畔发见了一 束被遗弃了的蔷薇。蔷薇的花色还是鲜艳的,一 朵紫红,一朵嫩红,一朵是病黄的象牙色中带着 几分血晕。 Rambling through a pine forest early in the morning, I came across a bunch of forsaken roses lying by the shady wayside. They were still fresh in color. One was purplish-red, another pink, still another a sickly ivory-yellow slightly tinged with blood-red.
散文特点: 挥洒过快,却又清新诱人
郭沫若写了许多抒情性的散文.它们大多 取材于作者自己的生活经历,被作者自称为 "自传性散文".拣拾某些过往旧事或身边琐 事以抒情寄意的优美篇什.赞美生活中"被 人忘却了的美".文章写的隽永而又浓丽,深 挚而又热烈,是不可多得的散文佳作.