初一英语语法知识点总结复习(超详细)95486

初一英语语法知识点总结复习(超详细)95486
初一英语语法知识点总结复习(超详细)95486

课时一教学任务

一、重点语法

1.动词be(am,is,are)的用法:

be动词包括“am”,“is”,“are”三种形式。

①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析:I am+…

②第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析:You are+…

③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析:She(He, It)is+……

④人称复数(we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析:We(You,They) are +……

例句We are in Class5,Grade 7.Theyaremy friends.You are good students.

用法口诀:

我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。

一. 用括号中适当的词填空。

1.I________(am, are,is)from Australia.

2. She _______(am, are, is)astudent.

3. Janeand Tom _________(am, is,are) my friends.

4. Myparents_______ (am, is,are)very busy every day.

5._______ (Are,Is,Do, Does)there a Chineseschool inNew York?

6._______ (Be, Are, Were, Was)they excited when he heard the news?

7.There_____ (be)someglasseson it.

8. If he _____ (be)freetomorrow, he will gowith us.

一、用be 动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______youaboy?No, I_____ not.

2.Thegirl______ Jack's sister.

3.The dog_______ tall andfat.

4.Theman with big eyes_______ a teacher.

5.______ yourbrother in the classroom?

6. Where_____ yourmother? She ______ at home.

7. How_______yourfather?

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______atschool.

9.Whose dress______ this?

10. Whose socks______ they?

11. That______ my red skirt.

12. Who______ I?

13.The jeans______onthe desk.

14.Here ______a scarf for you.

15.Here ______some sweaters foryou.

16. Theblack gloves ______for Su Yang.

17.This pairof gloves ______forYangLing.

18. Thetwocups of milk_____ for me.

19.Sometea ______inthe glass.

20. Gao shan's shirt _______over there.

第二课时(1)英语人称代词和物主代词

一、人称代词

表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:

I amateacher.You are student. He isa student,too.

We/You/They are students.

人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。

Give itto me. Let’s go (let’s=let us)

二、物主代词

表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。

而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如:

Is this your book?

No,,it isn’t, it’s hers(her book)

This pen is mine.

代词练习(一)

一、选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。

1. Thisis(my/ I)mother. 2.Nice to meet (your/ you).

3.(He /His)nameis Mark. 4. What’s(she/her)name?

5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6.Are(your /you)Miss Li?

7. (I/My)amBen. 8. (She/ Her)is my sister.

9.Fine,thank (your /you). 10. How old is(he/his)

二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。

1.These are ______ (he ) brothers.

2.That is _______(she) sister.

3. Lilyis_______ ( Lucy)sister.

4. Tom,this is_____(me ) cousin, Mary.

5. Now_____________(her parent)areinAmerica.

6. Those__________ ( child) are _____ ( I)father’s students.

7.Do youknow______(it ) name?

8.Mike and Tom __________ ( be )friends.

9. Thanks for helping________(I).

10.______(Ann安)mother is ______(we)teacher.

三、单项选择。

( )1.Myfamily ____ a big family. My family ____allhere.

A.is, is B. are, are C.is,areD. are, is

()2.This is __________.

A. a pictureoffamily? B. a pictureof my family

C. a family’spicture?

D. a familyof mypicture

()3.Let’s __________ goodfriends.

A. be??B.are ?C.is??D. am

()4. Isshe youraunt?Yes,__________.

A.she’s??B.her is ??C. she is??D. he is

()5. Are __________ coats yours?

Yes,they are.

A. they ? B. these ?C. this??D. there

( )6. Is that__________ uncle? No,it isn’t

A. he??

B. she ?

C. her?D.hers

()7. Mrs. Green is__________grandmother.

A. Jimand Kate

B.Jim and Kate’s

C. Jim’s andKate’s

D. Jimand

Kates’

()8. Do you knowthe name _____Mr. Green’s son?

A. in?B.of C.on??D. or

( )9. __________ the great photo of your family.

A.thankfor?B. ThanksforC.Thank for D.thanksfor

()10. Are those your friends? __________.

A.Yes,they’re?B.No, they areC. Yes, theyare?D. Yes,thosea re

代词练习(二)

一、用适当的代词填空

1.We like ________(he, his,him)verymuch.

2.Is this guitar________ (you,your, yours)?

3.________(She,Her, Hers) name is Li Li.

4.Father bought a deskfor________ (I, my,me,mine).

5.________(It, It's, Its) is verycoldtoday.

6.Is this yourbook, Mike?

Yes,________(we,you, they )are.

7.Are you andTom classmates?

Yes,________(we,you ,they )are.

8.Each of the students ________( have, has) a penpal.

9.He has a dog. I want tohave ________(it,one),too.

10.Herparentsare________ (both, all,either )teachers.

11.Thetextis easy for you .There are ________(few, a few,little,

a little)newwords in it.

12.I want ________(some, any)bananas.Givemethese big ____

____(one, ones).

二、选择正确的答案

1.Isthis________book?

A.you B.I C.she D.your

2.It'sabird. ________ name isPolly.

A.Its B.It's C.HisD.It

3.What's that ?________ a jeep.

A.it's

B.ItsC.It'sD.its

4.What's that in English? ________.

A.It's egg B.That's egg C.It's a egg D.It's anegg

5.Whosecat isthis?Is it yours?Isit awhite _______?

A.cat's

B.one C.onesD.cats

6.Please give thebookto ________.

A.I B.me C.myD.mine

7._________skirtis yours?

A.Whose B.Where C.How D.Which

8.________isthispen?It's Wang Fang's.

A.Who'sB.Whose C.WhereD.Which

9.Kateand Mike do________homeworkin theevening.

A.one's B.his C.herD.their

10.There isn't ________water in the bottle.

A.anyB.some C.no D.a

课时二(2)简单句

一陈述句

陈述句的否定结构:

陈述句的否定式主要用两种结构来表达:

(1)句子的谓语动词为be,have 或者谓语动词有助动词、情态动词时,其否定结构为: 主语+谓语动词/助动词/情态动词+ not+其他成分

Iam not a teacher.我不是老师。

We have not(haven`t)any books on animals. 我们没有任何有关动物方面的书。The children are not(aren`t) playing in theplayground. 孩子们没在操场上玩。

He willnot(won`t) come.他不会来。

We mustnot(mustn`t)forget thepast. 我们不能忘记过去。

It could not (couldn`t) belost. 它不可能丢的。

(2) 当句子的谓语动词是do (即行为动词),而且没有助动词或情态动词时,其否定结构为:主语+do(does,did)+not + 动词原形+ 其他成分

You do not(don`t) come here every day . 你没有每天都来这里。

He does not(doesn`t)teach thisclass . 他不教这个班。

They did not(didn`t) watchTV last night . 昨晚他们没看电视。

注意:陈述句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时,用升调,在书面上要用问号来表示。You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港吗?

这句话表示的是一种疑问,只不过是通过陈述的语序和疑问的语气来表达的

二疑问句

疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子,句末用问号“?”。常考的疑问句有四类,即:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。

第一节一般疑问句

一般疑问句通常需要用yes或no来回答,所以又叫做“是非疑问句”。在读这种句子时

要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型:

1、“be+ 主语+表语”结构

—Are you sleepy ?你困了吗?— Yes, I am.是的,我困了。

3、“情态动词+主语言+行为动词(或be)”结构

—May/Can I use thetelephone?我能用这部电话吗? —Yes, you can. 是的,可以。

5、“助动词(do, does, did)+ 主语+ 行为动词”结构

—Do you likeswimming in summer? 你喜欢夏天游泳吗?—No, I don`t . 不,我不喜欢。

难点提示

回答否定性一般疑问句时,要在Yes后面用肯定结构,表示肯定;在No后面用否定结构,表示否定。注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。诀窍是在回答的时候,只要把它当成没有加否定形式的普通一般疑问句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。

—Is he notyour elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥吗?

—Yes,he is . 不,他是(我的哥哥)。No,he is not.是的,他不是(我的哥哥)。— Isn`t she very clever? 她难道不是很聪明吗?

— Yes, she is. 不,她很聪明。— No, sheis not .是,她不聪明。

第二节特殊疑问句

一、特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句,要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答,不能像一般疑问句一样简单地用Yes或No来回答,特殊疑问句要用降调来读。

二、特殊疑问句的结构:

特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句

WhodoEnglish homeworkin the evening?谁晚上做英语家庭作业?

What do you do inthe evening?你晚上做什么?

What homework do you do inthe evening?你晚上做什么家庭作业?

When doyou do English homework?你什么时候做英语家庭作业?

三、注意:

对人提问时who“谁”

对所属(谁的)提问用whose“谁的”

对哪一个提问用which“哪一个”

对时间提问用when“什么时候”或what time“几点”

对物体提问用what“什么”

对地点提问用where“哪里”

对原因提问用why“为什么”

对方式提问用how“怎么样”

对数量提问用how many“多少”(用于可数名词复数)或how much“多少”(用于不可数名词)

四、难点提示

1、以why开头的特殊疑问句否定形式常用于表示建议、请求等。Whydon`t you have

a try? 你为什么不试试呢?

2、特殊疑问句常用到一些缩略形式,在平时学习中要注意习惯这些用法。

Idon`t want to gothere. How about you? 我不想去那儿,你呢?

But what else? 可是还有什么呢?

把下列句子变成否定句:

1.I am listening to music. _______________________________________

2. Mike is a student. _______________________________________

3Sarah can clean the classroom.________________________________________

4.They are in thezoo.________________________________________

5. There are someflowers in thevase.________________________________________

6. This is my sister. _________________________________________

7. Weare sweepingthefloor.__________________________________________

8.We need somemasks. _________________________________

9. They like making the puppet._________________________________10. Su Hai and Su Yang livein a new house.

_________________________________________________

11. I put abook onmy head.

_________________________________________________

12. They sing“In theclassroom” together.

_______________________________________________

13.We play basketball on Sundays.

_________________________________________________

14. Tomlikeslistening to music

____________________________________________

肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法肯定句改一般疑问句的方法————————三步法

1.有be动词/情态动词:be动词/情态动词提到句首,其余照抄,(some改成any,my改成your)句末用问号。

2. 无be动词/情态动词,在句首加Do/Does/Did,其余照抄,(some改成any,my改成your)句末用问号。

3. 加Does、did 的句子注意,句子动词要变成原型。例如: 陈述句:They are in thep ark. He can play theguitar..一般疑问句:Are theyinthepark?Canhe play theguitar?陈述句:I like the ducks. He likes the dogs.一般疑问句: Do youlikethe ducks? Does he likethe dogs?

把下列句子变成一般疑问句

1. I am listeningto music.__________________________

2. Mikeisastudent._______________________________________

3.Sarah can clean the classroom.________________________________________

4. They arein the zoo. ________________________________________5.Thereare some flowers inthevase.________________________________________

6. Thisismy sister. _________________________________________

7. Weare sweeping the floor.__________________________________________

8. We need somemasks. _________________________________

9.They like making the puppet._________________________________

10.Su Hai and Su Yanglivein anewhouse.

_________________________________________________

11.I putabookon my head.

_________________________________________________

12.They sing“In the classroom” together.

_______________________________________________

13.We play basketballon Sundays.

_________________________________________________

14. Tomlikeslistening to music

____________________________________________

关于特殊疑问词

1、根据划线部分确定是什么疑问词,后面写原句变成的一般疑问句,句末问号。

2、how many后必须先写物品,再写一般疑问句等。

1、A:_______ isthe boyin blue? B:He’s Mike.

2、A:_______ penis it? B:It’s mine.

3、A:_______ isthe diary? B:It’s under thechair.

4、A: ___ is the Chirstmas Day? B:It’s on the 25thof December.

5、A: _______ arethe earphones?B:They are25 yuan.

6、A:_______ is thecup?B:It’s blue.

7、A: _______is it today? B:It’s Sunday.

8、A: _______was it yesterday?B: Itwas the 13th of October.

9、A: _______ this redone?B:It’s beautiful.

12.A:_______ is yourcousin? B:He’s 15 years old.

13、A:_______do you have dinner? B: At6o’clock

综合练习

Thechildren have a good time in thepark.

否定句:___________________________________

一般疑问句:___________________________________

1.Thereisonly oneproblem.

否定句:__________________________________________

一般疑问句:________________________________________

肯定/否定回答:____________________________________

7.She has somebread for lunchtoday.

否定句:__________________________________________

一般疑问句:_________________________________

肯定/否定回答:____________________________________ .

句型转换题

1.The girl is singing in the classroom.(改为否定句)改为一般疑问句

5.I can speak English.(改为一般疑问句)

6.Iam writingnow.(同上)

7. I have a deskandachair.(用He做主语改写句子)

8. She is buying somefood in thesupermarket.(改为否定句)

10. Does she like growing flowers?(给予否定回答)

课时三英语名词单数变复数的规则

一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。

读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。

例:friend→friends; cat→cats;style→styles; sport→sports;piece→pieces 二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。

读音变化:统一加读[iz]。

例:bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes;match→matches; flash→fl ashes

三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。

读音变化:加读[z]。

例:candy→candies;daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies;story→stories 四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。

读音变化:加读[z]。

例:tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo→torpedoes;bingo→bingoes

反例:silo→silos; piano→pianos(外来词); photo→photos;

五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。

读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。

例:knife→knives; life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves; scarf→scarves 反例:roof→roofs

六、部分单词的复数形式不变。

读音变化:保持原音。

例:fish→fish;sheep→sheep; cattle→cattle; deer→deer;

七、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。

读音变化:没有规律。

例:man→men; woman→women;child→children; person→people;ox→oxe n

八、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词

例: foot→feet;man→menmouse→mice;tooth→teeth; woman→women

九、有些名词是单数、复数不分的

例:deer;fish;cannon;sheep; salmon 鲑鱼; trout 鳟鱼

十、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词

例:abscence; clothing;film; help;furniture家具; machinery机械; news; scenery 风景; sugar;

traffic交通

十一、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多

例:bellows风箱;clothes;police; shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; spectacles眼镜; shears大剪刀

trousers长裤; wages工资

十二、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词

例:pair(对,双); suit(套);a pairof glasses; two pairs of trousers

十三、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,

例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼

十四、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

例:a dollar,two dollars; a meter,two meters

以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes

但下面几类词只加s:1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,

2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:pianos,

3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,

写出下列名词复数

leaf______puppy_______box_______knife_______fly______fox______ b us______bench_____ brush_____kiss______church_

_____dish_____ruler______peach________glass_____pencil________boy______zoo______man______roof_______sheep_______knife______lady__

____key______story______watch______bamboo______city______family______day_____apple_______eraser______speech______thief______mouse______fish_____goose____people______ox_____Chinese_______deer_______foot______child_______tooth_______guy________hero_______spy______boss_____monkey______ city______ goat ______ radio ________ horse______ dog ______

用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空:

1>Thereareso many________(wolf)in theforest.

2>There arethree______(chair) in the classroom.

3>These _______(tomato) arered.

4>______(hero) are great.

5>Mybrother looksaftertwo ______(baby)

6>There are some______(deer)eating thegrass.

7>My father likes toeat _______(potato).

8>Chinese______(people)like to eatnoodles.

9>Ihave a lot of ______(toy)in my bedroom.

10>I help my mother wash ______(dish) inthekitchen.

11>I have two ______(pencil-box).

12>There are some ______(bus)in the street.

13>Peterhas eight _____(foot).

14>Lindahas three _______(tooth).

15>There are some ______(child) inthe garden.

16>Michaellikes the______(mouse).

17>There aresome______(goose)in the river.

18>Myuncle and fatherare _____(man).

初中英语知识点总结重点要看的

初中复习资料 目录英语词组总结for 和1.比较since 的四种用法2.since 延续动词与瞬间动词3. 重点部分提要词汇一. 单词⑴ 2冠词a / an / the: 3.some和any 4.family 5. little的用法 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 2. 祈使句 1.英语构词法汇 2.英语语法汇总及练习 第1讲:名词 第2讲:代词 第3讲:形容词

第4讲:副词 第5讲:动词 第6讲:不定式 第7讲介词 第8讲:连词 第9讲:时态一 第10讲:时态(二) 第11讲:动词语态 第12讲:句子种类(一) 第13讲:句子的种类(二) 讲:宾语从句14第 第15讲:状语从句There be句型与中考试题第17讲ABC 被动语态复习第18讲 【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级and 比较级)表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

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初一上册英语知识点总结归纳 导读:我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《初一上册英语知识点总结归纳》的内容,具体内容:可以说,初一阶段的英语学习是中学英语的基础,而英语又是所有考试的重要学科。所以想要学好英语不能忘了对所学知识点进行归纳整理。以下是我分享给大家的初一上册英语知识点总结,希望可以帮到你!... 可以说,初一阶段的英语学习是中学英语的基础,而英语又是所有考试的重要学科。所以想要学好英语不能忘了对所学知识点进行归纳整理。以下是我分享给大家的初一上册英语知识点总结,希望可以帮到你! 初一上册英语知识点总结 1、重点短语 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work

11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about...? 3. Lets do sth. 4. Its time to do sth. 5. Its time for ... 6. Whats...? It is.../ Its... 7. Where is...? Its.... 8. How old are you? Im.... 9. What class are you in? Im in.... 10. Welcome to.... 11. Whats ...plus...? Its.... 12. I think... 13. Whos this? This is.... 14. What can you see? I can see.... 15. There is (are) .... 16. What colour is it (are they)? Its (Theyre)...

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