中西文化比较与翻译赏析课件
中西文化对比与汉英翻译讲稿
中西文化对比与汉英翻译讲稿第一章翻译简史（中外翻译理论沿革）翻译是语际交流中沟通不同语言的桥梁。
它是一种实践性很强的跨文化交际活动。
翻译不单是语言的转换，更是文化的转换。
英汉两种语言在谱系、文字系统、语音、词汇、语法、篇章、语用等方面均有较大的差异，这些差异是它们在物质文化与制度文化不同的社会中产生和发展、被具有不同心理文化的人长期使用而形成的。
由于这两种语言具有不同的特征，反映不同的文化，英汉语相互转换的机制应该是不同的。
所以，翻译活动应该是这样一种活动，即把一种语言的信息用另一种语言表达出来，使译文读者能得到与原文读者大致相同的感受。
1 、翻译的概念2 、翻译的性质3 、翻译在外语教学中的地位4 、翻译与其他学科的关系5 、翻译的分类6 、译者的素养7 、翻译市场的现状8 、翻译工具箱1、翻译的概念翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。
---张培基（1980）Catford ：Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL).Peter Newmark ：To translate is to change into another language, retaining as much of the sense as one can.Malcolm Cowley：Translation is an art that involves the re-creation of a work in another language for readers with adifferent background.Eugene Nida：奈达定义的三个优点明确地说明了要译的是什么（信息message）暗示了由于语言文化上的差异，原文和译文只能做到相对的对等（closest）考虑了译文的可接受性Some Definitions by Modern Translation TheoristsGideon Toury：“A translation is taken to be any target-language utterance which is presented or regarded as such within the target cultur：e, on whatever grounds.”Christiane Nord“Translation is the production of a functional target text maintaining a relationship with a given source text that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the target text.”Jean Sager：“Translation is an externally motivated industrial activity, supported by information technology, which is diversified in response to the particular needs of this fo rm of communication.”吕俊：“翻译是一种跨文化的信息交流与交换活动，其本质是传播，是传播学中一个有特殊性质的领域。
中西文化对比与汉英翻译讲稿
第一章翻译简史（中外翻译理论沿革）翻译是语际交流中沟通不同语言的桥梁。
它是一种实践性很强的跨文化交际活动。
翻译不单是语言的转换，更是文化的转换。
英汉两种语言在谱系、文字系统、语音、词汇、语法、篇章、语用等方面均有较大的差异，这些差异是它们在物质文化与制度文化不同的社会中产生和发展、被具有不同心理文化的人长期使用而形成的。
由于这两种语言具有不同的特征，反映不同的文化，英汉语相互转换的机制应该是不同的。
所以，翻译活动应该是这样一种活动，即把一种语言的信息用另一种语言表达出来，使译文读者能得到与原文读者大致相同的感受。
1 、翻译的概念2 、翻译的性质3 、翻译在外语教学中的地位4 、翻译与其他学科的关系5 、翻译的分类6 、译者的素养7 、翻译市场的现状8 、翻译工具箱1、翻译的概念翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整的重新表达出来的语言活动。
---张培基（1980）Catford ：Translation may be defined as follows: the replacement of textual material in one language (SL) by equivalent textual material in another language (TL).Peter Newmark ：To translate is to change into another language, retaining as much of the sense as one can.Malcolm Cowley：Translation is an art that involves the re-creation of a work in another language for readers with a different background.Eugene Nida：奈达定义的三个优点明确地说明了要译的是什么（信息message）暗示了由于语言文化上的差异，原文和译文只能做到相对的对等（closest）考虑了译文的可接受性Some Definitions by Modern Translation TheoristsGideon Toury：―A translation is taken to be any target-language utterance which is presented or regarded as such within the target cultur：e, on whatever grounds.‖Christiane Nord―Translation is the production of a functional target text maintaining a relationship with a given source text that is specified according to the intended or demanded function of the target text.‖Jean Sager：―Translation is an externally motivated industrial activity, supported by information technology, which is diversified in response to the particular needs of this fo rm of communication.‖吕俊：―翻译是一种跨文化的信息交流与交换活动，其本质是传播，是传播学中一个有特殊性质的领域。
中西翻译翻译史 ppt课件
中西翻译翻译史
• 阿拉斯谟Desiderius Erasmus 16C对文学研究采取新方法、对翻译理论提
出新见解的杰出代表之一。 一、必须尊重原作 二、翻译者必须具有丰富的语文知识 三、风格是翻译的重要组成部分 四、风格的性质还取决于读者的要求
《圣经.旧约》 “巴别塔” Babel——巴比伦文 神之 门——古希伯来语 混乱、变乱
• 西方最早有文字记载的笔译活动 约公元前250年罗马人里维乌斯.安德罗尼柯——拉丁语译荷 马史诗《奥德萨》，距今约2200多年
中西翻译翻译史
.不同文化、不同时代中“翻译”、“口译”一词 异大 均质欧洲语Standard Averrage European Lang (translation源自拉丁语translatio-字面意思to ca the other side )
中西翻译翻译史
• 菲尔蒙.荷兰德Philemon Holland 16世纪英 国最杰出的翻译家 被誉为伊丽莎白时代的 “总翻译家”（translator general），真正 懂得“翻译的秘诀”。
一、翻译必须为现实服务 二、讲究风格
中西翻译翻译史
诗歌翻译
• 乔治.查普曼Georga Chapman 反对过于严 格，也不赞成过于自由。他说：“我鄙视 译者陷入逐词对译的泥坑，丧失本族语的 活的灵魂，用生硬的语言给原作抹黑；同 时，我也憎恨不求简练，使用繁文缛语以 表达原意。”
• 以翻译家阿文蒂诺斯Johannes Aventinus思潮为 背景，意译派提出：德语是 一种有自己规则、必 须得到尊重的独立的语言；德语有自己的语言风 格，这一风格不能因模仿其他语言而受到破坏。 （16C德国翻译思想）
Comparison between western and Chinese culture中西方文化对比英文PPT课件21页PPT
§Differences between Chinese and Western clothing
§Differences between Chinese and Western food
▪ Difference between Chinese and Western transportation
▪ Difference between Chinese and Western Lifestyle
1
Differences between Chinese and Western clothing
▪ Clothing has always been a necessity as well as food and beverages, because you will see the ever-changing attire instead of a person who never wears clothes. On the other hand, as a social and cultural patterns, clothes not only reveals a nation's material and spiritual civilization, but also reflects the people's mental and emotional activities, being permeates in our daily life.
Three meals a
day
Tools for meals
9
Breakfast
10
Difference between Chinese and Western transportation
Comparison between western and Chinese culture中西方文化对比英文PPT课件
which is receptive.
housing
Chinese house
16
Western cart—house
17
People`s character
18
19
20
▪ Difference between Chinese and Western Lifestyle
2
Differences between Chinese and Western clothing
▪ Clothing has always been a necessity as well as food and beverages, because you will see the ever-changing attire instead of a person who never wears clothes. On the other hand, as a social and cultural patterns, clothes not only reveals a nation's material and spiritual civilization, but also reflects the people's mental and emotional activities, being permeates in our daily life.
Three meals a
day
Tools f1
Difference between Chinese and Western transportation
▪ It is produced through the communication between different cultures science and technology, transportation. Means of transportation absolutely show us the differences.
中西文化差异与翻译
Part One Introduction 1.1 Research Background Translation is an act of translating information from a language into another language with accuracy and fluency. Translation is the process of transforming a relatively unfamiliar expression into a relatively familiar form of expression.① It involves the language, the text, the graph, the symbol translation. Among them, “Fan” refers to the language of conversation conversion, “Yi” refers to the one-way statement of the language conversion. “Fan” refers to the conversation of the two languages in the immediate, one sentence to the conversion, that is, a first sentence into a second sentence, and then the second sentence into a word. This is a rotating, alternating language or information conversion. “Yi” refers to one-way statements, that is, the speaker only said not to ask, the listener only listen not to answer, the middle for bilingual people, only for speakers to make language conversion. Culture is the soil in which language can exist and develop. The most basic task of translation is to spread and communicate the culture. In the 1970s, Western translation studies began to focus on the influence of culture on translation. Translation is called “Intercultural Communication” and “cross-cultural cooperation”. People’s understanding of translation gradually deepened. People realized that translation is not limited to language-level cross-language activities, but also involves two kinds of cultural activities. The differences in historical background, geographical environment, religious beliefs and values have led to the differences between Chinese and Western culture, which has caused the barrier of translation. To achieve real communication between China and the West translators should combine culture and translation naturally. 1.2 Significance and Objectives The research of this paper is of great significance. First of all, language learners can get a deeper understanding of the cultural differences between China and the West, which is very helpful to our translation. In addition, learning in this area facilitates our intercultural communication and enhances our cross-cultural awareness. The purpose of this paper is to promote cultural exchanges between China and the West, and to promote cross-cultural communication with other countries by understanding the cultural differences between China and the west and translating strategies. 1.3 Structure of the Thesis In order to systematically analyze the cultural differences between China and the west, this paper will be divided into four parts. The first part is a comprehensive introduction to this research. The second part introduces the relationship between culture and translation. It also introduces the factors that influence the differences between Chinese and Western cultures, including geographical environment, social customs, religions and values. The third part will introduce the translation of methods, including foreignization, domestication, transformation and annotation. In this order, I will analyze the influence of cultural differences on translation.
中西文化比较_ppt
Key Point
How to cultivate the intercultural awareness
Genral introduction and detailed instructions about this course
Contents Brief introduction to this course Learning methods How to make up the final mark Teaching mode Assessing mode
The brief analysis about the cases above
In each of the above situations there is something “wrong”. Bui this something has nothing to do with the language, which perfect. The problem lies within the culture in which the language is used. In the first case, for instance, Americans (and many Westerners too) don't like to be told what to do as they tend to lie independent; while Chinese are in the habit of showing and accepting concerns.
1.One cold winder day in a Chinese city, Wang Lin on his way to the library met an American professor who knew very little about China. After greeting him, Wang said: "it s rather cold. You' d better put on more clothes." But the professor didn't appear happy on hearing this.
中西文化比较的英文ppt(中西文化对比) 30页PPT文档
Sacrifice
There is a vast difference between the major philosophies of eastern and western life.
Westerners believe in self
dedication to achieve their goals of success and happiness
Pushing hands
《推手》
——李安
Introduction
•
When he arrived there, he In an American house, Mr. Zhu,
a retired man who lived more than half of his life in China, was moved to Ameri can to lived with his son together. couldn’t speak English and very unfamiliar to the new country. So he had to stay at home to show his Taijiquan, see Beijing Opera, or practice his handwriting. His son’s wife, Martha an American lady wh o always stay at home for writing essays by computer. Two people lived in the same house, but couldn’t communicate w ith each other. Martha didn’t understand why father must liv ed together with them, and because the different crosscultur al, different living habit and characteristic, led to many contr adiction between them.