《跟我学汉语》第一课教案

第一课你好第一讲一.课程介绍:本课程为初级班"零起点"的汉语课程,选用”人民教育出版社”出版的<跟我学汉语>为教材进行教学.每周三次课,其中周一,周三各为1个半小时(6:00PM---7:30PM),周五为45分钟(6:00PM---6:45PM),每周共计3个半小时.二.课前准备:中国地图,板书内容:1.上课-----class begins 2.下课----class is over3.跟我读-----read after me4.做练习-----do practice三.新课导入(一)汉语基本知识介绍展示中国地图,向学生提问:This is a map of China, Do you know how many ethnic groups are there in China? ------------totally there are 56,Such as Han, zang, yi, zhuang and so on. Although each ethnic group possess its own language, yet all of their languages can be called “中文Chinese” for their joint nationalities.So , in fact, "中文”is a general designation of the overall Chinese’s languages.And among them, “汉语”, Han people’s language, is used most in the whole country for the Han is the majority, accounting for approximate 92%. Therefore, “汉语” became the official language of China. However, the composition of Han yu is a little complicated, because it includes various dialects, for instance, Cantonese, Sichuanese, shanghainese. So, finally, Chinese government decided to take “普通话” as our standard Chinese. It means that If you master “普通话”, on the great degree, you can travel everywhere in China, even in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia for a large number of overseas Chinese living there.中文(Chinese)藏语彝语壮语苗语汉语(Mandarin) 维吾尔语蒙古语朝鲜语粤语北京话普通话(standard Chinese) 上海话客家话闽南语(二)引入汉语拼音1.好的,那么现在就让我们一起来学习汉语吧.我是你们的老师---罗毅(Luo Yi),大家可以叫我罗老师.你们是学生,我的学生.(板书----罗毅\老师\学生及其汉语拼音).2.指着汉语拼音提问:这是什么?(what’s this?)再指着汉字提问:”这又是什么?”接着解释:汉语由两部分组成,上面的部分叫拼音,使汉语的发音,下面的部分叫汉字,是汉语的符号文字.( Chineseconsists of two parts, the top part is the pronunciation, named“pinyin”,and the another part is the character of Chinese,which is called “Hanzi”.)luï yì lǎo shī xuã shenɡ (拼音,pronunciation)罗毅老师学生 (汉字,character)3.学习汉语拼音的基本构成要学好汉语,首先就要学好拼音.汉语拼音是由声母,韵母和声调组成的.在汉语拼音中一共有23个声母,24个韵母和4个声调.当声母和韵母结合在一起的时候,就构成一个音节.再加上声调,就形成了汉语的发音.(Chinese pinyin contains three parts: initials, finals and tone. Totally there are 23 initials, 24 finals as well as 4 tones in Chinese. The combination of initials and finals forms the syllables of Chinese, and when the syllables are equipped with tone, they give the birth of pinyin.)举例说明L uï= L+u+ïlǎo= L+ǎo xuã=x+uã4.学习6个单韵母和4个声母a o e i u ǜ+b p m f(1)依次出示韵母卡片 a---o---e, u---i---ǜ,重点讲解音节e,i和ǜ的发音方法.(e---The top of your tongue is approximately located in your lower jaw. i--- pronounce“u”firstly, and then make your mouth flat slowly with your tongue top against the back of your lower teeth.ǜ----pronounce “u” firstly, and then stretch out your mouth like a fish’s mouth with strength.)(2)反复操练以上六个单韵母,采用带读,连读,点读的方式让每个学生都得到练习.(3)声调练习,分别标出六个单韵母的四种读音,让学生先听,然后跟着模仿,操练.操练的过程中可以利用"手势"法帮助学生纠正读音.主要采用带读,抽读的方式进行操练.(告诉学生在汉语中,声调只会出现在韵母上,生母上面不会注音.)(4)辨音练习----老师将写好声调的汉语拼音随即写在黑板上,请学生根据老师的发音找出来,并且重复.接下来分组练习,相互检查.最后全部再进行重复.(5)出示声母卡片 b-p-m-f.重点讲解发音规则,b和P可以用纸片法进行操练和区分.m主要是the friction between your two lips. f主要是the friction between your upper teeth and your lower lip.)(6)操练四个声母,先带读模仿,接着抽读.然后进行辨音练习.(7)音节+声调教学.b+a=ba---四个声调----bà bɑ爸爸 (father)b+o=bo—四个声调---bïbo伯伯 (uncle)b+i=bi---四个声调----bǐbú笔 (pen)不m+a=ma---声调---mā mɑ妈妈 (mother),mǎ马 (horse)m+o=mo---声调---mōmî摸 (touch)墨 (ink)M+i=mi---声调---mǐ米 (rice)P+a=pa---声调---pápà爬(climb)怕 (scared)(8)音节声调练习----老师随意写出一个声母和韵母,请学生自行拼读出四个读音.最后全班跟老师齐读.(如果学生问到ǜ,告诉学生该字母不和以上四个声母相拼.)M+up+Ib+ob+af+um+Ip+Im+u(三)对话教学nǐ hǎoA:你好 ---hello 文化点1:讲解"打招呼"的演变.B:nǐ hǎo 文化点2:讲解中国人名字的规则.你好中国人的名字一般是姓在前,名在A:wǒ jiào luï yì.nǐ ne ? 后.姓可以是一个字,也可以是两我叫罗毅.你呢?个字.如:李,张,赵,罗,欧阳,皇甫.B:wǒ jiào dà wâi 名和情况和姓相同.(surname+given 我叫大卫.Name).男孩子的名字大多和力量/A:hěn ɡāo xìnɡ rân shí nǐ国家/军队有关,象征着阳性.女孩子很高兴认识你. 的名字大多和花\草\鸟等自然(Nice to meet you.) 事物有关,象征美丽,勤劳和善良.P3B: hěn ɡāo xìnɡ rân shí nǐ很高兴认识你.(Nice to meet you.)A:zàijiàn再见.B:zàijiàn再见.(四)对话操练(利用N+1的原则扩充词汇-----早上好,晚上好,下午好)1.看着对话进行操练,老师带读.2.老师依次跟每个同学进行对话,引入"早上好,下午好和晚上好”.3.除去对话中的某些词句,继续引导学生进行操练.4.两人一组进行练习,然后请同学上台进行表演,选出最好的同学给他一个礼物.(五)朗读课文P2-3,第3页的部分由学生自己先试读,老师再教读.(六)家庭作业:1.复习第一课,熟读批P2-P3的课文.2.完成P3第二小题的对话.3.完成拼音和汉字的练习.。