定语从句总结(精辟)

定语从句:1)定语从句的定义

在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词who(宾格

whom,所有格whose),that, which 禾口关系副词where, when, why 等。

The boy who is weari ng a black coat bought a dicti onary yesterday.

The noodles that(which) my mother cooked were delicious.

The school where I lear ned judo was very large.

I remember the day whe n our band was formed.

I don ' t know the reason why she got so angry this morning.

2)定语从句的种类：定语从句可以分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。

(1)限定性定语从句：它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。如果关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语，关系代词通常可以省略。

Do you know the girl who just came in?

Shan ghai is a city (that) I ' ve always wan ted to visit.

Her sister married a man (who/whom/that) she met on a pla ne.

The time whe n I first met Mr. White was a very difficult period of my life.

(2)非限定性定语从句：它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限定性定语从句一般不用that引导，而且不可以省略关系词。

Lori is going to marry Mark, whom she does not love.

Beiji ng, which is the capital city of Chi na, is a very beautiful city.

3）关系代词的用法：在定语从句中，关系代词起着连接主句与从句，指

代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。关系代词的选用取决于主句中的先行词以及关系代词在从句中作何种成分。

一.关系代词who, whom的用法

（1）who可以代替人（即它的先行词必须是人），在从句中担任主语，往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom,但它的前面不能有介词，如果带介词

贝卩必须用宾格whom，即介词+whor h . E.g. Jonny is a person who always has no vel ideas.

The girl who the first prize in the con test is from Zhejia ng.

The pers on who/whom you just talked to is Mr. Depp.

---The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Depp.介词to 提至U定语从句前，只能用whom.）

We lgo to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children.

（whom 前常用表示数量的词none/neither/both/each/all of …）

（2）在定语从句中，who, that指人时可以通用，但在下列情况下用who,而不用that.

A）先行词是one, ones, anyone 时，宜用who.

One who has no thi ng to fear for on eself dares to tell the truth.

The ones who flatter me don ' t please mfenyone who laughs last laughs best.

Anyone who fails to fin ish the task give n should be criticized.

B）先行词为those 时，宜用who. Those who want to go to the Great Wall sig n up here.

No words are strong eno ugh to express our tha nks to those who worked hard to rescue survivors in the earthquake.

C)当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who.

I met a girl in the street yesterday who grew up in Yunnan provin ce.

D)一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词时that,

另一个宜用who. E.g. The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.

E)在there be开头的句子中，事宜用who.

There is a young man who wan ts to see your father. There was a king who was kind to his people.

There are many old men who are aga inst this pla n.

二.关系代词whose的用法：关系代词whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，它既可以代人，也可以代物。当whose代物时，相当于of which. Whose 引导的定语从句既可以是限定性定语从句，也可以是非限定性定语从句。

The tourist wan ted to book a room whose wi ndow faces south.

=The tourist wan ted to book a room the wi ndow of which faces south.

=The tourist wan ted to book a room . The room ' s wi ndow faces south.

We went to see our teacher Miss Styles, whose husba nd lost his life in the earthquake.

Xi ' an, whose walls remain as good as before, is one of the few cities with city walls.

三.关系代词that, which的用法

(1)在限定性定语从句中指代物时，which和that 一般可通用。

The new house that/which I has just bought is about six miles away.

They planted some trees that /which didn ' t need much water.

(2)限定性定语从句中只用that而不用which的情况。

A）先行词有形容词最高级修饰时

This is the best way that has bee n used aga inst polluti on.

B）先行词有序数词修饰时

This is the third time that they have met.

C）主句已有疑问词who或which时