虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用
名词性从句中的虚拟语气

虚拟语气在表语从句中的用法
在系动词be+形容词引导的表语从句中
虚拟语气在表语从句中常用于表达某种假设或条件,如“The problem is that we should start our project earlier.”
在系动词be+名词引导的表语从句中
虚拟语气也可以用于描述某种结果或事实,如“The conclusion is that they would have won the game if they had scored more points.”
虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
要点一
在It is/was+形容词/名词+that 引导的主语…
虚拟语气在主语从句中常用于表达某种假设或条件,如“It is crucial that we should act quickly.”
要点二
在It is/was+过去分词+that引导 的主语从句中
虚拟语气也可以用于描述某种结果或事实,如“It is said that he would have won the election if he had run a better campaign.”
虚拟语气的用法
表示与现实相反的情况
当描述与现实情况相反的情况时,使用虚拟语气来表达。
表示假设条件
在描述假设条件时,使用虚拟语气来表达。
表示个人意愿
在表达个人意愿时,使用虚拟语气来强调个人主观意愿。
02 名词性从句中的虚拟语气分类
与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
总结词
表示与现在事实相反的情况,假设的情况是假的,而实际情况是相反的。
详细描述
在虚拟语气中,与现在事实相反的情况通常通过使用动词的过去时态来表示, 如“If I were you, I would…”或“He suggested that we should leave early.”。这种虚拟语气常用于表达建议、要求、愿望等。
英语高考冲刺系列语法复习之考点七虚拟语气有讲解,有填空

英语高考冲刺核心语法复习考点七虚拟语气1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法规则1:与现在事实相反,从句谓语用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。
规则2:与过去事实相反,从句谓语用过去完成时had done,主句谓语用“would/should/could/might+have done”。
如:If I had done it in time,I should have had a good time.如果我及时做的话,我本该玩得很好。
(当时没能及时做)规则3:与将来事实相反,从句谓语用should do/were to do或一般过去时,主句谓语用“would/should/could/might +动词原形”。
如:If it were to rain tomorrow,I should not drive my car.如果明天下雨的话,我就不开车了。
(明天的情况还不知道)规则4:主句中的should通常用于第一人称,would可用于任何人称。
规则5:错综条件句:当条件从句的行为与主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,主从句中动词的形式要根据其所表示的时间做出相应的调整,这就是所谓的错综条件下的虚拟语气。
如:If they had studied hard,they could do it easily now.如果他们以前努力学习的话,现在他们就能容易地解决这个问题了。
If he had not taken my advice,he wouldn't do it much better like this.如果他过去不听我的建议,他就不会像这样做得好多了。
规则6:虚拟语气的倒装:在条件句中,如果有were,had,should等,可省略if,把were,had,should等提到从句主语之前。
如:If he were to come,I would join him in the discussion.=Were he to come,I would join him in the discussion.如果他来,我将和他一道参加讨论。
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习(无答案)

虚拟语气一、虚拟语气的定义语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的意图或态度。
英语中有陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气三种语气。
虚拟语气表示说话人的某种愿望、假设、怀疑、推测和建议等,表示的是纯属假设或实现的可能性不大的情况。
虚拟语气常用于复合句中,也可用于简单句中。
虚拟语气是由句中的谓语的特殊形式表现出来的。
二、虚拟语气的用法1.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用(1)基本用法1)与现在事实相反If I were you, I would take a small present to her birthday party. 如果我是你的话,我会带份小礼物去她的生日晚会。
If we heard the sad news earlier, we would come to comfort him. 如果我们早点听到这个悲伤的消息,我们就过去安慰他了。
2)与过去事实相反If you had taken me advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 如果你早听了我的建议,你考试就能通过了。
We would have called a taxi yesterday if h e hadn’t offered us a ride home. 昨天如果他不让我们搭车回家的话,我们就会叫出租车了。
3)与将来事实相反:If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn’t go out. 如果明天下雪的话,他们就不外出了。
If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday. 如果明天他不来,我们就把会议推迟到下周一。
【例题】动词填空:用所给动词的适当形式填空①If I were to do it, I _______ (do) it in a different way.②—If he _______ (warn), he ________ (take)that food.—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(2)特殊句式1)错综时间条件句当条件状语从句中的谓语动词和主句中的谓语动词所表示的行为或动作发生的时间不一致时,被称为“错综时间条件句”,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。
虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用

句型It is important/ necessary/ natural/ strange (etc.) that…,主语从句中可用虚拟 语气,结构为:
(should) + v. 原型
Eg. (1) Experts suggested that the ________________________ planned economy (should) be transferred into market economy (计划经济转变到市场 ______________________________. 经济)(transfer) Eg. (2) It was suggested that the meeting _______________ (should) be put ____ (推迟)till next week. (put) off Eg. (3) His disappointed expression suggested he_________ didn’t ________prove) Eg. (4) I insisted that he_______________________ (should) not take any risk .(不要 冒任何风险)(take) Eg. (5) The defendant insisted in the court that he _______ didn’t ____________.( do things wrong 没有做错)
Eg. (6) What do you think of my proposal that new teaching approaches ________________________ ?(实施) (should) be carried out (carry) Eg. (7) My only advice for you is that you ______________ (should) quit ________ smoking .(戒烟) (quit)
虚拟语气

虚拟语气虚拟语气是高中英语阶段比较难的一个语法点,太多的规则使学生记起来困难,用起来容易出错。
其实我们站到一个高的角度,它无非就是四个方面,即在名词性从句,形容词性从句,状语从句以及简单句中的应用。
下面简单探讨一下在名词性从句中的应用。
其实在名词性从句中我们只要记住一(坚持),二(命令),三(建议),四(要求)即可,名词性从句又可分为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句,为了方便学生记忆,从宾语从句开始说起。
一(坚持):insist二(命令):order,command三(建议):suggest,propose,advise四(要求):desire.demand,require,request1)虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。
在insist ,order,command,suggest, propose, advise ,desire ,demand, , requi re,request, 等动词后的宾语从句中,要用虚拟语气,表示建议、要求、决定或命令等,其谓语动词形式为should+动词原形,其中should可以省略,主句中的时态不限。
Eg.We proposed that the machine (should) be cleaned again.我们提出把那台机器再清洗一次。
The judge ordered that the prisoner( should )be released at once. 法官命令立刻释放囚犯。
The workers demanded that their pay (should) be raised. 工人们要求增加工资。
He insisted that John (should) do the job. 他坚决要求约翰干这项工作。
[注意]insist作“坚持说,坚持认为”解时宾语从句不用虚拟语气;只有当作“坚决要求”、“坚持主张”解时宾语从句才用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气

★含蓄条件句 有时虚拟语气的条件并不是直接通过 条件句来表示,而是用一些词或短语 (如under, with, without, but for等) 或上下文暗示来说明。句中的虚拟语 气一般表示过去的情况,这种句子叫 含蓄条件句。如:
We were delayed at the airport, otherwise / or we would have been here by lunch time.(暗含条件 是otherwise / or) Born in better times, he would have been a scholar.(条件暗含在Born in better times中) It would be easier to do it this way.(条件暗含在 不定式短语to do it this way中) In different circumstances, I would have said yes. (条件暗含在介词短语In different circumstances 中) But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.(暗含条件是But for your help)
2. _____ the morning train, he would not D have been late for the meeting. (天津 2014) A. Did he catch B. Should he catch C. Has he caught D. Had he caught 3. People are recycling many things which they _____ D away in the past. (安徽2014) A. had thrown B. will be throwing C. were throwing D. would have thrown
高中英语虚拟语气用法小结

高中英语虚拟语气用法小结虚拟语气用法小结白杨林河南省社旗县第二高级中学虚拟语气表示说话人所说的事或话不是事实,而是一种假设,愿望,怀疑或推测。
它主要用于条件从句,让步从句和名词性从句中。
一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法:虚拟语气常用在条件句中,表假设的情况与事实相反或不太可能实现,这种句子称为虚拟条件句。
可分为下列几种情况:1、假设的条件与现在的事实恰好相反,主从句的谓语动词应属:if主+动词过去式或were…,主+would/should/could/might+v、(原形)(主句中should通常只用作第1人称)。
例如:ifitwerenotforthesmowyweather,wewouldbeallright.例1、ifiyou,iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.a、wasb、werec、hadbeend、willbe析:该句为if鼓励的条件句,从主语谓语看看“wouldgo”(就是与现在事实恰好相反),套用上边句型,从句谓语应属动词过去式,若是be动词应属were,所以该题答案应属b。
2、假设的条件与过去事实相反,其句子结构应为:if+主+haddone…,主+would/could/should/might+havedone…基准2、morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.a、ifthecaptainwereb、hadthecaptainbeenc、shouldthecaptainbed、ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen析:该题题干部分有一谓语动词为wouldnothavesunk,由此可知是对过去事情的虚拟,便可推出从句的谓语动词应为haddone形式,再看选项,含用心爱心专心有haddone的只有b,该题正确答案即是b。
(当if引导的虚拟条件中有were,had,should时,可省略if,把were,had,should提到主语之前)。
名词性从句中的虚拟语气

1. My suggestion is that we (should) read English newspapers to improve our English. 2. The teacher suggested that we (should) have a rest. 3. It is necessary that he (should) come to see us.
3.It was natural that _______. A. my pictures would surprise them B. my pictures surprised them C. my pictures should surprise them D. my pictures would have surprised them
名词性从句中的虚拟语气
一、主语从句 It +be+necessary等形容词 从句” 等形容词+从句 等形容词 从句” It+be +a pity等名词 从句” 等名词+从句 等名词 从句” It +be +suggested等 等 (表示命令 要求 建议等动词的过去分词 表示命令,要求 建议等动词的过去分词) 表示命令 要求,建议等动词的过去分词 +从句结构中 一般用虚拟语气 这时从句 从句结构中,一般用虚拟语气 从句结构中 一般用虚拟语气.这时从句 中的谓语动词由“ 动词原形” 中的谓语动词由“should+动词原形” 动词原形 构成.在口语和非正式语体中 可以省去. 在口语和非正式语体中,可以省去 构成 在口语和非正式语体中 可以省去
三、表语从句或同位语从句 在某些表示“建议、请求、命令” 在某些表示“建议、请求、命令”等意 义的名词后同样需用“ 义的名词后同样需用“(should) + 动词 原形”来构成谓语。这类名词有: 原形”来构成谓语。这类名词有: advice,desire,decision,idea,order,plan, proposal,recommendation,request, suggest that ______ our education in all available ways. A. we must develop B. we shall develop C. we would develop D. we should develop 2.It is necessary that ______ by the end of the week. A. we got everything ready B. we have got everything ready C. we get everything ready D. we must get everything ready
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A
8
•
(5)I offered the advice that we stay here.
•
(6)I think it advisable that we stay here.
•
以上六类从句中所使用的都为(should)+do的虚拟语气形式。
A
6
8.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he __C_ to
B. would have known D. haven’t known
33. I was busy yesterday, otherwise I __D_ your
birthday party.
A. attended B. had attended
C. would attend D. would have attended
虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用
宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句和同位语从句
A
1
1.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用
advise 劝告 、ask
要求
decide 决定 、insist 坚持
order
下令 、suggest 建议
command 命令 、demand 要求
desire
渴望 、propose 提议
that、、(should)do
the meeting.
A. would come
B. came
C. would have come D. had come
25. I would have come earlier, but I _A_ that you
were waiting for me.
A.didn’t know
B. hadn’t know
2)
advisable, appropriate,
3)
crucial, desirable,
4)
essential, important,
5)
imperative, keen,
that、、(should) do
6)
necessary, natural,
7)
normal, odd, proper,
8)
• 例句 His proposal is that we turn off TV for half an hour every day.他建议我们每 天少看半个小时的电视。(表语从句)
I offered the advice that we stay here.(同 位语从句)
A
5
• 特别提示:从以上的各类从句中我们可以得到以下的推论,即当一个 动词后面的宾语从句中要使用(should)+do的虚拟语气形式时,则 可推理出用法相同的一组从句。以动词advise为例:
A
7
跳层虚拟句
• 跳层虚拟句(即句子一半为虚拟,另一半为陈述语气) • 1) 虚拟句+but+陈述句
He would put on weight, but he doesn’t eat much. (与现在事实相反)
He would have put on weight, but he didn’t eat much. (与过去事实相反)
• (1)I advise that we stay and wait here.
•
(2)It is advised that we stay here.
•
(3)It is advisable that we stay here.
•
(4)My advice is that we stay here.
2) 陈述句+or else/ or/ otherwise+虚拟句 • I forget where I read the article, or/ or else I would
show it to you now. (现在事实相反)
• We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him. (与过去事实相反)
recommend 劝告 、require 要求
urge
极力主张 等。
例句I recommend that you all be diligent if you want to pass the exam.如果你们要考及格,我劝你们勤奋学 习。
A
2
2虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
1) It is+astonishing, amazing,
preferable, strange, sorry,
9)
shocked, surprising, urgent,
10)
unusual, vital等
A
3
2)It is+ decided, desired, demanded,
ordered, requested, recommended, suggested ,advised
that…(should) do
例句 It is advised that we stay here.
3)It is + advice(忠告)、decision(决定)、
demand(要求)、desire(渴望)、 idea(想法)、motion(提议)、
that…(should) do
necessity(必要性)、order(命令)、plan(计划)、 proposal(建议)、recommendation(推荐)、 requirement(要求)、suggestion(建议)
例句
It
is
my
advice
thatwe stຫໍສະໝຸດ y Ahere.4
3 虚拟在表语和同位语从句中
• advice, decision, desire, demand, suggestion, motion, pray, resolution, wish, preference, proposal, recommendation, requirement, idea, order