名词性从句中的虚拟语气

1. 判断是否虚拟 2. 判断虚拟类型 3. 判断虚拟时间
Exercise
1. I advised that you ___ the job as soon as possible . A finished B finishing C to finish D finish
It’s _______ strange that she _______________ (should) refuse to come to the party.
3). 鸟在树上安歇 / 休息是很自然的。
(should) rest It is ______ in natural that a bird _______________ trees.
that不可省略
• She made a request that the doctor(should)be sent for at once. • The teacher gives us a suggestion that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
2). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之前 (可以 理解成与过去事实相反)
She talked about Rome as though she __________ had been (be) there herself.
3). 从句的动作发生在主句动作之后 (可以 理解成与将来事实相反)
He coughed (咳嗽) twice as if someone would come. 他咳嗽两声就好像有人要来了。
(二).表语从句
• The / One’s insistence / order / command / suggestion / advice / proposal / recommendation / request / requirement / demand / desire is / was that … (should) do
that不可省略
The suggestion given by our teacher is that we (should) practise reading English everyday.
(三）.同位语从句
a / the suggestion / request (等) that … (should) do …
他坚持说我看过他的信。 他坚持要我看他的信。
had done The man in prison insisted that he _______(do)nothing should be be) set free. and ________( wasn’t The patient insisted that he _______(not be)ill and shouldn’t be ___________ (not be) sent to the hospital.
♥
desire / demand / request / require / ask
♥
1“坚持” insist 2“命令” order, command 3“建议” advise, suggest, propose, recommend 4“要求” ask, demand, require, request, desire + (that) sb (should) do ... 宾语从句 或是 (that) sb / sth (should) be done
is
as if / as though
• When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken. • The dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.
（四） 宁愿，但愿
sb did … 与现在或将来
情况相反
would rather
宁愿，但愿
sb had done … 与过去情况相反
I would rather you returned me my money now.
I would rather you came tomorrow. I would rather we hadn’t told her the bad news.
（二）If only … !
If only I were a bird!
要是……就好了
与 wish 的宾语从句相似
If only we had followed your advice! If only she would go with me!
Only if a teacher has given permission is a student 引导的从句位于句首， allowed to enter the room.
only if 只要……就，只有…才
主句倒装！倒装！
（三）犹如，好像，仿佛as if / as though
♥假设情况非事实时，用虚拟语气。 ♥若从句表示内容为事实或很可能是事实，用陈述语气： It looks as if we will be late. 试比较： He walks as if he is drunk. He walks as if he were drunk. 他真的醉了。 他没有醉。
• It’s suggested that the plan (should) be carried out at once . 主语从句
• The old woman’s demand is that her son (should) come to see her oest : “建议”用虚拟语气，即should do;
• suggest : “表明、暗示”用陈述语气
He suggests we should go at once.
他提议我们马上出发.
Her expression suggested she was very angry. 她脸上的表情显示她生气了.
(五) It is (high / about ) time (that)
“是时候…... (做某事)”
sb did
现在
sb should do
将来
注意: should不能省略．
• 是时候采取措施来保护环境了。 • It is ( high / about ) time that we took / should take measures to protect the environment. • 你该走了。 • It’s (high / about) time that you went / should go.
快要下雨了。 It looks as if it is going to rain. It looks as if it were going to rain. 不会下雨。
As if /as though在虚拟语气中的用法
sb did （were） …
现在
as if / as though
sb had done …
我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚持要我与他同行。 他们要求派Tom去那儿工作。 老师要求作业要及时完成。
We suggested ___________________ (that) Tom have a rest . (that) I (should ) go with him . He insisted _________________________ They requested (that) Tom (should) be sent to work there _________________________________ . The teacher asked (that) our homework (should) be finished in time _________________________________ .
The subjunctive mood 虚拟语气
虚拟语气的常考形式：
1. 名词性从句
2. 固定句式 3. 可用可不用虚拟语气的情况
一 .名词性从句中的虚拟语气 一坚持
二命令
四建议
五要求
名词性从句中的虚拟语气 insist
order / command
should do! should do! suggest / advise / propose / recommend should do!
（六）. 在表达惊异、惋惜、遗憾、理应如此 等意义的固定句式中常使用虚拟语气
It’s necessary / strange / natural (自然的, 理应 如此的) / important … + that sb (should) do
( should ) master 1). It is important that we ________________ ( master 精通 ) a foreign language. 2). 真奇怪，她竟然拒绝来参加party。
If it hadn’t been for…… 与过去事实相反
but for
• If it were not for lacking money, I would go travelling right now. but for = Were it not for lacking money, … • If it had not been for your help, we couldn’t have finished the work yesterday. = Had it for not been for your help , … but