直接引语间接引语专讲与专练
直接引语和间接引语(21张PPT)
简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语 时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。
5. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
❖ 3、Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。10:516.17.202110:516.17.202110:5110:51:196.17.202110:516.17.2021
1、人称的变化 ：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
说明
直接引语
Байду номын сангаас
间接引语
一 引号内的第一人
随 称变间引后与主 She said,“ I like She said that she
主
句主语的人称保 持一致
Tennis.”
liked tennis.
二 引号内的第二人 He said to Lily, He told Lily that
the little boy said happily.
The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
初中语法直接引语转换间接引语讲解附练习题及答案
直接引语与间接引语直接引语：一字不改的引用或复述别人的话,被引用或复述的部分即为直接引语;一般前后用引号,首字母大写;间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话,被转述的部分即为间接引语;通常以宾语从句的形式出现,不用引号;直接引语变为间接引语时,要注意人称、时态、连接词、语序以及时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化;一、人称变化直接引语是第一人称变为间接引语时,一般要变为第三人称；第二人称变为与主句的间接宾语相一致的人称如果没有间接宾语,可根据上下文的体会确定一个人称；第三人称一般不改变;例如 He told me,＂I’ll give you a book when I meet you again.＂—He told me he would give me a book when he met me again.二、时态的变化如果主句是过去式态,变为间接引语时应向前推一个时态;即一般现在时---一般过去式,现在进行时---过去进行时,现在完成时---过去完成时,一般过去时---过去完成时,过去进行时---过去进行时,一般将来时---过去将来时,现在完成进行时---过去完成进行时,过去完成时---过去完成时,过去完成进行时---过去完成进行时;等;例如She wondered:＂When will the meeting begin.＂—She wondered when the meeting would begin.但在以下几种情况下,间接引语的时态不用变化;1、当直接引语表示的是客观真理或经常性的特点时;例如 She said,＂The earth goes around the sun＂.--She said that the earth goes around the sun.2、当直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间作状语时,保持原来的一般过去时; 例如 He said,＂I left home in 1942.—He said he left home in 1942.注：间接引语中的谓语动词有时需要适当的调整;Say后的直接引语表示陈述或命令时可变为ask; say后的直接引语表示请求或询问时可变为ask.例如 The teacher said to me,＂I have seen your book..＂—The teacher told me that she had seen my book.三、连接词的选择1、陈述句陈述句转化为间接引语时用that引导,也可省略 that;主句谓语动词可用直接引语中的said,也可用told来代替,可以说said that,said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可以直接说told that.主句中的谓语还常有repeat, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think, 等;例如Danny said,＂I come from Canada.＂—Danny said that he came from Canada.2、疑问句直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序;主句的动词常用ask,wonder,want to know 等; 1、一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时变为间接引语须用if或whether引导;例如 She asked me,＂Is he a teacher ＂—She asked me if/whether he was a teacher.2}、选择疑问句或反意疑问直接引语是选择疑问句需用or;反意疑问句需用or not变为间接引语时要用whether而不用if.例如 My brother asked me,＂Is Tom tall or short ＂—My brother asked me whether Tom was tall or short.＂You are reading,aren’t you＂he said to me.—He asked me whether I was reading or not.3、特殊疑问句当直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语时,常变成与疑问句同形的连接词引导的宾语从句,用陈述语序,问号变句号;例如＂What do you want to eat ＂he asked me.—He asked me what I wanted to eat. 3、祈使句直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语时,要用不定式表示,使其成为 ask /tell /order sb not to do sth 句型;例如＂Don’t open the door.＂he said to her.—He asked her not to open the door.4、感叹句感叹句变为间接引语时可用 what或how引导,也可用that引导;例如 He said,＂What a lovely day it is＂—He said what a lovely day it was.—He said that it was a lovely day.四、语序的变化当直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序,即连接词+主语+动词的形式;例如＂Where are you going ＂he asked me.—He asked me where I was going.但当直接引语中特殊疑问词作主语时,语序不变;例如He asked, “Who is your brother.” －He asked who was my brother.五、时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化;now—then today—that day yesterday—the day before last might—the night before two days ago—two days before next week—the next week tomorrow—the next day the day after tomorrow—in two days’time 或者two days after here—there this—that these—those come—go bring—take 例如 He said,＂I did my homework yesterday.＂—He said he had done his homework the day before.六、情态动词的变化can—could must—had to或者must will—would shall—should may—might一、单项选择：1. He asked ________ for the computer.A. did I pay how muchB. I paid how muchC. how much did I payD. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film” he asked me. →He asked me ________. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ________ me ________ the window.A. said to; to closeB. told to; closingC. asked; to closeD. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. →He said ________.A. that I am a teacherB. I was a teacherC. that he is a teacherD. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He ________ very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy wasB. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy wasD. spoke to his mother that the boy is6. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you” she asked. →She asked ________or not.A. if I have already got well, hadn’t youB. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got wellD. had I already got well7. He asked, “Are you a Party member or a League member”→He asked me ________.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member8. He asked, “How are you getting along” →He asked ________.A. how am I getting alongB. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along 9. He asked me ________ with me.A. what the matter isB. what the matter isC. what’s th e matterD. what was wrong10. He said, “Don’t do that again.” →He ________ me ________ that again.A. said to; not to doB. said to; don’t doC. told; don’t doD. told; not to do二、直接引语转换间接引语1. “I saw a note on my desk.” she said.2. Mother said, “I’ll go to the park tomorrow.”3. He said to me, “Your brother broke it.”4. Tom said, “My sister was here three days ago.”5. “We stayed there for two weeks.” she told me.6. She said, “I have given up smoking.”7. “We’ve known each other for about three years.” the young man told him.8. “I haven’t seen her these days.” he said.9. “Mother gave me a new book as a present yesterday.” Mary said.10. “Do you like English or Chinese” the teacher asked me.11. “What did you do yesterday” she asked me.12. “Would you like an apple” mother asked me.13. “Don’t open the door.” she sai d to me.14. “Come here early tomorrow.” the teacher said to us.15. “Did you go to the cinema last night” she asked.16. “Keep the door closed.” the old man said to us.17. “Did you go there by train or by bus” the teacher asked.18. “They are playing on the playground.” Jim said.三、在横线上填上合适的词1. He exclaimed how lovely the house ___________.2. We didn’t know ___________ she hadn’t handed in the paper.3. The monitor ___________ the five of us to clean the floor yesterday afternoon.4. Anderson told us ___________ his father had just returned from Shanghai.5. She ___________ us to help the old woman in our village that day.6. My father asked me ___________ was the matter when he came back.7. That fellow always ___________ me clean his shoes for him.8. Tom said that he ___________ in the army for three years.9. — What did Alice say just now — She said that ___________ would borrow that dictionaryform Mary.10. I wonder ___________ she can attend my party this evening.四、单项选择1. Right now, the boss ordered John to hand in his design ________.A. this afternoonB. this afternoonC. todayD. that day2. Jimmy ________ her if she had seen him there that afternoon. A. said to B. askedC. toldD. ask3. Uncle Wang ordered us to ________ his house at once. A. come out of B. come C. goout of D. go4. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ________ they insist on going by motor-bike.A. whyB. whetherC. whenD. how5. Chen Qiang told Mr. Smith that the People’s Republic of China _______ in October 1,1949.A. foundedB. had been foundedC. foundD. was founded6. She said to me that _______ might keep ________ book for two days.A. she; thisB. I; thatC. I; thisD. you; this7. In order to choose the right one, she first asked me _______ I want to use a dictionary for.A. whatB. whyC. howD. whether8. Customers are asked to make sure that they _______ the right change before leaving the shop.A. will giveB. have been givenC. have givenD. will be given9. Linda shouted that you _______ your homework ahead of her.A. finishedB. would finishC. had finishedD. have finished10. My girlfriend asked me _______ I knew it was her birthday that day or not.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. what五、巩固练习：1、He asked,＂Is the door open or closed.＂He asked _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.2、She said,＂I have left my coat in your room.＂She said _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ ______.3、She said,＂I wrote to my friends yesterday.＂She said _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ _______ ______.4、Mother asked me,＂When will you be back next time.＂Mother asked me_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.5、The teacher told the students,＂The earth is round.＂The teacher told the students_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .6、The guard said to Lenin,＂Please show me your pass.＂The guard asked Tom_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .7、Danny said ,＂Are you leaving today or tomorrow, Ling Ming ＂Danny asked Li Ming_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ ______.8、He said ,＂My sister was here two days ago, but she is not here now＂He said _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____, but_____ was not there then.参考答案：一、单项选择1-5 DDCDC BDCDD二、直接引语转换间接引语参考答案1. She said that she had seen a note on her desk.2. Mother said that she would go to the park the next day.3. He told me that my brother had broken it.4. Tom said that hissister had been there three days before. 5. She told me that they had stayed there for two weeks. 6. She said that she had given up smoking. 7. The young man told him that they had known each other for about three years. 8. He said that he hadn’t seen her those days.9. Mary said that her mother had given her a new book as a present the day before. 10. The teacher asked me whether I liked English or Chinese. 11. She asked me what I had done the day before. 12. Mother asked me if/whether I would like an apple. 13. She asked me not to open the door. 14. The teacher told us to go there early the next day. 15. She asked whether/if I had gone to the cinema the night before. 16. The old man told me us to keep the door closed. 17. The teacher asked whether we had gone there by train or by bus.18. Jim said that they were playing on the playground.三、在横线上填上合适的词1. Was2. why/ that3. asked/ ordered4. that5. advised /asked / ordered6. what7.lets / has / makes8. had been / had served9. she 10.if / whether四、单项选择1-5DBCAD 6-10BABCA五、巩固练习：答案：1. if the door was open or closed 2. she had left her coat in my room3. that she had written to her friends the day before 4 .when I would be back the next time 5. that the earth is round 6 .to show him his pass7 .whether he was leaving that day or the next day 8. his sister had been there two days before ,she .。
直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习培训讲学
直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习Unit1 语法核心突破: 直接引语变间接引语这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化例：He said, “I'm very glad.”→ He said he was very glad.例：He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?”→He asked John could come that afternoon.例 : He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?”→ He asked where Mr. Wang was.Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”.→ Tom asks me food I like bestOur parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！”❼Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。
The teacher said to me, “Don’t read that novel!”❼ The teacher asked/ told me that novel.Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！”Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。
二、 人称的变化例如： “I went to the Great Wall yesterday,” Li Hua said.→ Li Hua said that he had gone to the Great Wall the day before.“I’ll come to help you whenever you need my help,” he answered her .→ He answered her that he would come to help her whenever she needed his help.She said to me, “Your pronunciation is better than his.” → She told me thatmy pronunciation was better than his.三、时态变化四、 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化【拓展延伸】直接引语变为间接引语时时态不作改变的情况He says, “I’m tired.”→He says that he is tired.He will say, “The boy was lazy.”→He will tell you that the boy was lazy.Our geography teacher said to us, “The earth goes round the sun.”→Our geography teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun.She said, “I was born in 1995.”→ She said that she was born in 1995.【典型例题】（1）Can you tell me_______?A. what the matter isB. what matter it isC. what’s the matterD. the matter is what（2）The physics teacher said the earth ____around the sun.A. is movingB. movedC. had movedD. moves【语法专练】1. Mother asked the youngest kid____with his car.A. what the matterB. What was the matterC. what the matter isD. what is the matter2. The tourist asked the guide what he____visit the next day.A. was going toB. willC. is going inD. is to3. The teacher told us that light____ faster than sound.A. traveledB. had traveledC. is travelingD.travels4. Tom hanks told his teacher that he____born in 1968.A. wasB. had beenC. isD. has been5. Linda asked Amy_____ she could tell her the general ideas of the poem.A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. how6. My brother said to me, “I’m going to have a holiday next week.”My brother ____ _________ __________ _________going to have a holiday the next week.7. Mother said to me, “What are you doing in the room?”Mother asked me________ ________ __________ _________ in the room.8.He asked, “ Can I borrow your bike?”He asked _______ ________ ________ borrow my bike9.Tom said to me, “ Do you like football?”Tom asked me _______ _________ _________football10.She said to me, “ I went over my lessons last night.”She told me _________ _________ __________over her lessons the night before.附：Unit I 短语归纳1. 做个好朋友 to be a good friend2. 做下列调查 make the following survey3. 合计总分 add up the score4. 得分 get points5. 心烦意乱地来到学校 come to school upset6. 不理睬铃声 ignore the bell7. 使你那个德国朋友平静下来 calm down your German friend8. 关心你朋友 be concerned about your friend(s)9. 松开了 get loose10. 不得不去户外遛狗 have got to walk the dog outdoors11. 帮他期末考试作弊 help him cheat in the end-of-term exam12. 列出理由make a list of reasons / list the reasons13. 记下一连串的请求 set down a series of requests14. 根据问卷调查 according to the questionnaire15. 根据编辑的忠告according to the editor’s advice16. 为了分担你的困难 in order to share your difficulties / troubles17. 与老板相爱 fall in love with the boss18. 与我的同桌相处融洽 get along / on well with my deskmate19. 关心青少年 be concerned about teenagers20. 为了和老板面对面地交流 in order to communicate with the boss face to face21. 信任政府 trust / believe in the government22. 经历了太多的战争 go through too many wars23. 相邻的城镇 neighboring towns24. 相邻的国家 neighboring countries直接引语变间接引语练习题一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：1. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that ______ never ______ meat.2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise. 14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.15. “I am having supper,” he said.He said that _______ _______ having supper.16. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.17. “I went home with my sister,” she said.She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 18. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.20. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window.家庭作业1. “I am having supper,” he said.He said that _______ _______ having supper.2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film.3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister.4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _______ bigger than the moon.5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.He told me that he _______ met her the day _______.6. “You must come here before five,” he said.He said that I _______ to go _______ before five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.She said that she _______ bought the computer two weeks _______.8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.He _______ _______ I had read the book the week _______.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _______ Jim that he _______ sit there10. He a sked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _______ _______ _______ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______ been _______ days.12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked me.He asked me _______ _______ knew where she _______.13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet.14. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window.15. “Are you interested in this?” he said to me.He asked _______ _______ I was interested in _______.。
直接引语间接引语(含练习有答案)
练一练
一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词： 1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper. 2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 1. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过 去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。 2. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改 为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过去完成时had seen。 3. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为 she；一般过去时wentwhat a clever monkey it was.
=we said that it was a clever monkey.
5.间接引语和直接引语注意事项
1.间接引语中时态仍不改变的情况 有时主句的动词是过去的时态，但间接引语中的时态仍不 变 （1 ）表示一般真理，间接引语时态不变（用一般现在时） He asked;"which star is the biggest?" He asked which star is the biggest.
高中英语语法直接引语和间接引语含练习题
高中英语语法直接引语和间接引语含练习题直接引语与间接引语一．基本概念1、直接引语：一字不改地引述别人的话He said,“I am a student．”(带引号)2．间接引语：用说话人自己的话转述别人的话 He said he was a student．二．直接引语变间接引语（一）（人称变换规则同下）1．如果直接引语所在的句中的谓语动词是现在时或将来时态,改为间接引语时,时态不变.Eg.He says “I didn’t go to school today.”He says that he didn’t go to school that day .2．如果直接引语讲述的是客观真理现象,改为间接引语时,其一般现在时不变. Eg.The teacher said ,“The earth is round .”The teacher said that the earth is round .三．直接引语变间接引语（二）1．如果说话时间与引述时间不同,即引述某人过去说过的话,则动词时态要作相应的变化即动词时态一律向过去推移一步.（主句为过去式时）2．变换规则（指的是间接引语中的从句部分）（1）人称的变化 ------ 一随主,二随宾,三不变（2）指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化1〉指示代词的变化this---- that these----those2〉时间状语的变化now---- then,ago---- before,today----that day,yesterday----the daybefore,tomorrow----the next day,the day before yesterday----two daysbefore,the day after tomorrow----two days later,nextweek/month,etc.---- the next week/month,/doc/2a17542514.html,stweek/month,etc.---- the week/month before3〉地点状语的变化here----there4〉动词的变化come----go（3）时态的变化1〉一般现在时-------一般过去时2〉现在进行时-------过去进行时3〉现在完成时-------过去完成时4〉一般过去时-------过去完成时5〉过去完成时-------过去完成时6〉一般将来时-------过去将来时四．变换类型1．直接引语为陈述句直接引语为陈述句,用that引导（口语中可以省略）.e．g．直接引语：The teacher told the students,“I will give you a surprise．”间接引语：The teacher told the students that she would give them asurprise．2．直接引语为疑问句（1）直接引语为一般疑问句时,由whether或if引导,用陈述句的语序e．g．直接引语：He said to us,“Are you going away today?”间接引语：He asked us whether/if we were going away that day．直接引语为疑问句（2）直接引语为特殊疑问句时,其关联词用相应的疑问代词或疑问副词,其后用陈述语序e．g．直接引语：She asked,“Who will help me finish the job?”间接引语：She asked who would help her finish the job．e．g．直接引语：He asked,“What have you done?”间接引语：He asked what I had done．直接引语为疑问句（3）直接引语为选择疑问句,变为间接引语时应用whether…or…e．g．直接引语：“Do you like tea or coffee?” she asked me.间接引语：She asked me whether I liked tea or coffee．3．直接引语为祈使句直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时将祈使句的动词原形变为带to 的不定式.它的否定是在to前加not.它没有时态的变化.其他的变化和直接引语是陈述句的情况相同.e．g．直接引语：I said to her,“Please give me a glass of wa ter.”间接引语：I asked her to give me a glass of water．直接引语：He said,“Don’t make so much noise,boys.”间接引语：He told the boys not to make so much noise.4．直接引语为感叹句直接引语若是感叹句,变为间接引语时多采用宾语从句结构,即可用what或how 引导,也可用that引导e．g．直接引语：“What a clever boy you are!”,my teacher said to him.间接引语：My teacher told him what a clever boy he was.My teacher told him that he was a very clever boy.英语小题集练——直接引语和间接引语1、— Could you tell me ______?—Yes. It’s next to the supermarket.A．where the post office isB．where was the post officeC．where is the post officeD．where the post office was2、My brother said, “I’m watching TV now.”My brother said watching TV .A．he, was, now B．I, was, thenC．I, am, that day D．he, was, then3、—Do you know____________?—It’s about ten minutes’ walk.A．how many minutes do you walk to the nearest hospital B．which is the way to the nearest hospitalC．how long did you reach the nearest hospitalD．how far it is to the nearest hospital from here4、-- Do you know ________ the new computer yesterday? -- Sorry, I have no idea.A．how much did she pay for B．how much will she pay for C．how much she paid for D．how much she will pay for5、Jenny is on holiday now. I wonder ________.A．when she will come back B．when she came backC．when will she come back D．when did she come back6、Would you please tell me ______ this book?A．where you bought B．where did you buyC．where you buy D．where do you buy7、— Could you tell me_____ ?— About half an hour.A．how long it takes to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from schoolB．how long it took to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from schoolC．how far was it to walk to the Science and TechnologyMuseum from schoolD．how far it was to walk to the Science and Technology Museum from school．8、I ______ that he’s a hardw orking teacherA．never doubt B．always doubt C．seldom ask D．often wonder答案1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、直接引语和间接引语专项练习一、把下列的句子变成间接引语：1. “I’m leaving for London next week.” My sister said to me.2. John said, “Mr. Smith has come here.”3. She said, “Do you want me to help you?”4. “Does the man in the shop find his wallet at last?” She said.5. Mum said to the newcomer, “Can you speak English?”6. “How many people are there in your family?” He asked the boy.7. He said to me, “I have left my book in your room.”8. Kitty said “I’ll call again after supper this evening.”9. S he said, “I will come here again tonight.”10. He said, “I arrived yesterday morning.”11. She said , “My sister will be back tomorrow morning.”12. “Who lives next door?” she asked.13. He said , “I have lost my umbrella.”14. Paul said, “I’m trying to get a taxi.”15. “Frank, I came to return you the book,” Henry said.16. He asked me, “Are you a teacher or a student?”二、把下列句子变成直接引语：23. Father asked me who had broken the window.24. She asked me which one I liked the best.25. He asked whether I had watched TV the night before.26. Jim asked me if I was busy that day.27. Pick said that he would take Mary there the next time.三、扩展练习：宾语从句。
直接引语与间接引语相互转换的方法指导及练习题
直接引语与间接引语相互转换的方法指导及练习题方法：直接引语是直接引用别人的话，而间接引语则是转达别人说的话。
“直接引语变间接引语”就是要求把别人说的原话进行转述。
一、只改变引语部分，提示语不变；例如：妈妈说：“我今天加班。
”需要改变的只是：“我今天加班。
”这一部分。
二、标点符号要作相应改变，即把冒号、前引号（：“）变成逗号（，），后引号（”）删除；三、引语中，人称要变成相应的指代者：说话人即第一人称“我” 、“我们”要改为第三人称“他”、“她”或“他们”；例如：妈妈说：“我今天加班。
”其中“我”指代的是妈妈。
所以，要变成“她”。
改后为：妈妈说，她今天加班。
当转述内容涉及其他人称时也要发生相应变化。
如：姐姐对我说：“你说得对，我就这样做。
”改：姐姐告诉我，我说得对，她就这样做。
上面的例句中触及了第二人称，在改成转述句时就应改成第一人称。
四、有称呼语的，称呼语要去掉；例如：老红军说：“小鬼，你骑上我的马吧！”个中，“小鬼”要删除。
变后为：老红军说，小鬼骑上他的马吧！5、引语是疑问句的，要变成XXX的语气。
例如：明明问我：“本日下学后，到我家写作业，行吗？”变后为：明明问我，本日下学后，到他家写作业，行不行。
六、直接引语改成直接引语的办法恰好相反，上面的五点都合用，如第三人称“他”或“她”应改成第一人称“我”，语言内容触及第一人称应改成第二人称。
如：1.XXX对XXX说，他明天把钢笔还给XXX。
2.妹妹通知爸爸，哥哥说他早晨有事不返来吃饭了。
3.老师对XXX说，她的表现最出色。
4.老班长告诉我们，他没有完成任务，没把我们照顾好。
练题一：把直接引语变成间接引语。
1.老师对我说：“我教你毛笔字的写法。
”2.梅花兴奋地说:“我是中国人,我怎么能忘掉故国的语言呢?”3.他站起来对大家说:“孩子们，我要去开会了。
你们要听话。
”4.奶奶问我：“今天我还给你送饭吗？”5.妈妈说:“XXX,今晚我加班,你自己做饭吃!”6.XXX对XXX说:“你借给我二十条船,我自有妙用。
直接引语变间接引语讲与练
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中考专题之直接引语和间接引语讲解+练习题-最新教学文档
中考专题之直接引语和间接引语练习题一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词1. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that ______ never ______ meat.2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He _____ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.3. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met her the day ______.6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.8. “Did you see her last week?” he s aid.He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.10. H e asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked his mother ______ ______ ______ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.He ______ ______ I was interested in ______.答案：1. he, ate2. told, had, found, his3. she, had, taken4. rises, goes5. told, had, before6. had, th ere7. had, before8. asked,if（whether）, before9. told, could10. how, she, had11. where, I, had, those12. if（whether）, I, lived13. told, to, stop14. not, to, tell15. asked, if（whether）, that思路分析：每道题都是考查直接引语变间接引语，需要我们注意的有：①人称，②时态，③状语，④指示代词，⑤句型的变化。
直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句)讲解与练习(附答案)知识讲解
直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）讲解与练习一．讲解：在复合句中，作宾语的句子（主谓结构）就叫宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语多数情况下构成宾语从句。
变化时应注意以下几点：1．引导词（连词）①如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语，引导词用that, that没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常省略e.g He said, “My mother is a doctor.”→He said (that) his mother was adoctor.②如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用if。
不能省略 e.g “Are youEnglish?” He asked m e→He asked me if I was English.③如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语，引导词就用特殊疑问句的疑问词，如：whatwhen where which who how等，这些词有意义，不能省略：eg “How old are you ?” He askedm e→He asked me how old I was.二．间接引语的宾语从句中，引导词之后都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语…），肯定式的宾语从句不用助动词do(did或does) e.g.She asked, “What does he want?”→She asked what he wanted.He asked me ,“Do you like English?”→He asked me if I liked English.三．时态的变化：1.如果主句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,则间接引语中宾语从句须用过去的某种时态。
基本原则是：往过去的方向推一个时态，即一般现在时变成一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，一般将来时变成过去将来时eg:① He asked me, “Do you have a dictionary?”→He asked me if I had a dictionary.② She asked, “What is Tom doing? →She asked what Tom was doing.③ She said ,“I will leave a message on his desk.”→She said that she would leavea message on his desk.2.如果宾语从句表达的是客观真理，自然现象。
直接引语和间接引语专练
【模拟试题】（答题时间：40分钟）一、将下列各句变为间接引语。
1. Tom said to me, “I will fly to New York tomorrow.”Tom me fly to New York the next day.2. My father said to me, “Why are you late for school?”My father me I late for school.3. Mr. Black told his son, “Don’t swim in the river.”Mr. Black told his son swim in the river.4. “Please help yourself to some fish.” Mrs. White said to us.Mrs. White us help to some fish.5. Our teacher said to me, “You can do better in English.”Our teacher me I do better in English.6. Sam asked me, “Did you often go swimming when you were young?”Sam asked me I often swimming when young.二、单项选择：1. —What did your math teacher say about your math?—He said I better.A. can doB. will doC. could doD. am able to do2. —Can you guess if they to play basketball with us?—I think they will come if they free.A. come, will beB. will come, will beC. will come, areD. come, are3. —“Don’t read in bed, it’s bad for your health.”—What did he say?—He told us read in bed. It’s bad for our health.A. not toB. notC. don’tD. didn’t4. He asked me .A. what do I wantB. what did I wantC. what I wantedD. what I want5. He told me he lunch when I called him.A. hadB. havingC. is havingD. was having6. I called Mr. Mark this morning, and asked him his dictionary to the school.A. bringB. takeC. to bringD. taking7. The old man me he was happy to see me.A. saidB. askedC. talkedD. told8. The boy said, “Tim well today.”A. don’t feelB. isn’t feelC. doesn’t feelD. not feel9. She asked the boy, “it outside?”A. Does, rainB. Was, rainedC. Is, rainingD. Was, raining10. He asked me when the train .A. to leaveB. will leaveC. would leaveD. had left11. My parents asked if I to learn math well.A. wantB. wantsC. wantedD. to want12. He wanted to know why think it was a good idea.A. didn’t IB. I didn’tC. I don’tD. don’t you13. He asked me he could copy my homework. I said no.A. thatB. whatC. ifD. how14. My friend says he been to Dalian.A. hasB. hadC. haveD. hadn’t15. My sister said January month of the year.A. is the firstB. was the firstC. is firstD. was first三、连词成句1. the Great Wall, Ben, would, said, he, go, visit, to2. TV, Tom, me, was, he, watching, told, then3. teacher, me, told, my, come, school, to, earlier, to, next time4. When, he, I, asked, return, would5. the, I, said, moon, round, earth, the, turns四、改错题1. He said when I would visit him .A B C D2. I told Jim I have to study at home .A B C D3. My fiends asked me don’t be mad at him.A B C D4. Our teacher said to us that light travelled faster than sound.A B C D5. He asked how long does it take to get to school by bus.A B C D6. “What were you doing now?” asked Jim.A B C D7. He asked me who teaches us math last year?A B C D【试题答案】一、1. told, he, would 2. asked, why, was 3. not to4. asked/told, to, ourselves5. told, could6. if, went, I, was二、1~5 CCACD 6~10 CDCCC 11~15 CBCAA三、1. Ben said he would go to visit the Great Wall.2. Tom told me he was watching TV then.3. My teacher told me to come to school earlier next time.4. I asked when he would return.5. I said the moon turns round the earth.四、1. A改为asked 2. C改为had to 3. B改为not to 4. C改为travels5. B改为it took6. A改为are7. C改为taught。
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直接引语和间接引语 【学习指南】 直接引语就是直接地引用或复述别人的话，并放在引号内。间接引语则是说话人用自己的话转述他人的原话，被转述的内容不放在引号内。间接引语是说话者站在自己的角度进行转述，因此，不同的直接引语要用不同的句式来进行转述，且直接引语中的代词、动词的时态以及时间或地点状语都要有相应的变化，部分引述动词有时也需做适当的调整。 这些变化有一定的规则，但在具体运用时往往呈现复杂的情况。本章的学习重点是要掌握陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句等由直接引语变为间接引语最基本的规则，特别是特殊疑问句转换成间接引语时的词序变化、时态的前后呼应以及规则以外的不同变化。准确地进行直接引语和间接引语的转换有助于我们准确地进行交际。
一、直接引语与间接引语的转换 在将直接引语转换为间接引语时，不仅句式上要有变化，而且要在时态、人称、时间、地点等方面作相应的变化。
1、引语转换时的句式变化 不同的直接引语句式，如：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句，转换成间接引语时要遵循一定的句式转换规则，还要注意根据句意，使用适当的引述动词。 （1）陈述句的间接引语 将陈述句转换为间接引语，通常用that引导的宾语从句来表达。连词that 在不引起歧义的情况下可以省略。引述分句的动词常见的有say 和tell等。 He said, “I caught a cold yesterday.” 他说：“我昨天感冒了。” He said (that) he had caught a cold the day before. 他说他前天感冒了。 Helen said to me, “I’m tired of taking such exams.” 海伦说：“我讨厌参加这种考试。” Helen told me (that) she was tired of taking such exams. 海伦说她讨厌参加这种考试。 【点津坊】 在下列情况下，往往要保留that。 ① that 的省略会产生歧义。 Linda said disappointedly that when she arrived at the station, the train had already left. 琳达很失望地说，她到达车站时火车已经开走了。（如不用that，when状语从句既可以理解为修饰said, 又可以理解为修饰had left） ② 当引述动词后面不止跟一个that引导的从句时，第二个that不能省略。 He said (that) he was leaving for Europe the next week and that he would stay there for half a year. 他说他下周要到欧洲去并在那里呆半年。（第二个that不能省略）
（2）疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接问句。引述的动词常用ask, inquire, wonder, want to know等。间接问句的词序一般都用正常词序，句末不用问号，用句号。 ①一般疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为一般疑问句时，用连词whether或if 引导，某些表示请求的疑问句也可以转换成间接祈使句。 I asked him, “Are you satisfied with the results?” 我问他：“你对这结果满意吗？”
【小帖士】 间接引语中不用say to sb，要用tell sb来引述。
【小帖士】 引述词say to oneself常改成wonder。 I said to myself, “Am I fit for the job?” I wondered if I was fit for the job. 我不知道我是否能胜任这项工作。 I asked him whether he was satisfied with the results. 我问他对这结果是否满意。 “Did you go to the British Museum yesterday?” asked Kate. 凯特问：“你昨天有没有去大英博物馆？” Kate asked me if I had gone to the British Museum the day before. 凯特问我昨天有没有去大英博物馆。 The old man said to a passer-by, “Will you tell me the way to get to the Great Wall Hotel?” 那位老人跟一位过路人说：“请问到长城饭店的路怎么走。” The old man asked a passer-by to tell him the way to the Great Wall Hotel. 那位老人请一位过路人告诉他去长城饭店的路。 ②选择疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为选择疑问句时，用连词whether/if…or…引导。 He said, “Are you interested in English or not?” 他说：“你是否对英语感兴趣?” He asked (me) whether I was interested in English or not. 他问我是否对英语感兴趣。 “Do you like Chinese food or Japanese food?” he asked. 他问：“你喜欢中国食物还是日本食物？” He asked whether / if I liked Chinese food or Japanese food. 他问我喜欢中国食物还是日本食物。 ③特殊疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为特殊疑问句，转换为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导。 “What do you do in your free time?” he asked me. 他问我：“你业余时间干什么？” He asked me what I did in my free time. 他问我业余时间做什么。 “Why did she go to America?” Paul asked. 保罗问：“她为什么去美国？” Paul asked why she had gone to America. 保罗问她为什么去了美国。 【小帖士】 “What’s the matter with you?”和“What’s wrong with you?”改为间接引语时词序不变。 He asked me what was wrong with me. 他问我出什么事了。 He asked me what was the matter with me. 他问我怎么了。
（3）祈使句的间接引语 直接引语如果是祈使句，变成间接引语后，叫间接祈使句。 ①祈使句表示命令时，要把直接引语的动词say变成command, order, tell等动词，被转述的部分改为动词不定式。否定祈使句改为not to do结构。 “Stay where you are,” she said. 她说：“呆在原地。” She told me to stay where I was. 她告诉我呆在原地。 “Don’t smoke in the room,” he said. 他说：“别在房间里抽烟。” He told me not to smoke in the room. 她叫我别在房间里抽烟。 ②祈使句表示请求时，常把直接引语的动词say变成ask, beg, request, urge等动词。 She said to me, “Please wait till I return, will you?” 她说：“请你一直等到我回来，好吗？” She begged me to wait till she returned. 她请求我一直要等到她回来。 ③以Let’s开头的祈使的句，通常将引述动词改为suggest，然后再接that从句。 John said to Bill, “Let’s go hiking tomorrow.” 约翰对比尔说，“我们明天去徒步旅行吧。” John suggested to Bill that they (should) go hiking the next day. 约翰向比尔提议第二天去徒步旅行。
（4）感叹句的间接引语 直接引语是感叹句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接感叹句。间接感叹句多采用宾语从句结构，既可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，还可以根据句子表达的不同感情选用适当的动词和状语来转换。 He said, “What a beautiful view it is!” 他说：“多么漂亮的景色！” He said that it was a very beautiful view. 他说景色非常漂亮。 He cried out what a beautiful view it was. 他大声说这景色是多么地漂亮。 She often says, “What a great country China is!” 她常说：“中国是一个多么伟大的国家！” She often says that China is a very great country. 她常说中国是一个非常伟大的国家。 She often remarks with admiration (that) China is a great country. 她常常赞赏地说中国多么伟大
（5）并列句和复合句的间接引语 当转述的内容为并列句或复合句，或有两种以上的句子时，应根据不同的句式来选择不同的引述动词和连接词。 He said, “I told her to wait, but she went away.” 他说：“我告诉她等一下，但她还是走了。 He said (that) he had told her to wait but that she went away. 他说他已经告诉她等一下，但她还是走了。 She said, “It is cold here. Is the window shut?” 她说：“这儿很冷。窗户关了吗？” She said that it was cold there and asked if the window was shut. 她说那儿很冷，并问窗户是否关了。 Fenwick said to me, “Go and see Robin. He will tell you everything you want to know.” 芬威克对我说：“去看看罗宾吧，他会告诉你想要知道的事情。” Fenwick advised me to go and see Robin, and said that he would tell me everything I wanted to know. 芬威克建议我去看罗宾，因为他会告诉我想要知道的事情。